This document discusses integrating electric vehicles into modern power networks. Key points include:
1) EVs can help meet 2020 EU targets for renewable energy, CO2 emissions reductions, and energy efficiency. Controlled charging can reduce strains on the electric grid.
2) Smart grids that balance production and load are needed as renewable energy sources increase. EVs offer potential as flexible consumption through controlled charging.
3) A demonstration project on the Danish island of Bornholm will test EV integration technologies like vehicle-to-grid, fast charging, and smart charging to balance renewable energy production and load. Bornholm is well-suited due to its high renewable energy use and single grid connection.
The document discusses a Euro-Mediterranean energy market integration project. It presents Jordan's national budget allocation chart for renewable energy and energy efficiency investments from 2010 to 2020. The chart identifies the most cost-effective technologies to achieve energy supply diversification, sustainability, and security in Jordan. It analyzes 20 renewable energy technologies and 9 energy efficiency technologies based on their potential, costs, and electricity savings to help allocate scarce budget efficiently and set priorities. The results will be disseminated through seminars and presentations to relevant decision makers to inform Jordan's energy plans and policies.
This document discusses energy saving in the UK. It covers the background of energy consumption in the UK, issues of fuel poverty and energy tariffs, public perception of energy conservation, and how energy conservation is promoted through grants, labeling, and other policies. While the UK has made progress in reducing energy use and promoting renewables, more can still be done to meet emissions targets and address continued high per capita energy consumption rates.
The document summarizes a presentation given by John Campion of ESB on electric vehicles. It outlines ESB's strategic goals of increasing renewable energy production and reducing its carbon footprint. It then discusses the challenges posed by the transport sector for reducing Ireland's emissions and ESB's initiatives to promote electric vehicles, including acquiring electric vehicles for its fleet and conducting research on electric vehicle load impacts and infrastructure needs.
The document provides an overview of energy auditing and energy certification in Italy. It discusses European Union directives related to energy efficiency and national laws in Italy implementing the directives. It explains the process of energy auditing and outlines standard procedures, measurement approaches, and eligible project types for issuing energy efficiency certificates in Italy. Key elements of Italy's energy efficiency certificate system are described, including the types of certificates, minimum project sizes, and certificate durations.
Presentation by Prof. Ric Parker - director of research and technology, Rolls Royce, at the CBI climate change forum seminar - Opportunities for business in a low-carbon economy, 8 September, 2009.
Dr. SUN Feng-chun, Vice President, Beijing Institute of TechnologyCALSTART
1) Beijing has launched several electric vehicle programs to reduce emissions and is planning to have over 5,000 commercial electric vehicles, including buses and sanitation trucks, operating in the city by 2015.
2) The Beijing Institute of Technology has developed electric vehicle technologies, such as battery packs, motors, and charging infrastructure, that have been used in electric buses and vehicles for the 2008 Olympics, 2010 Shanghai Expo, and other projects.
3) China has established national projects and preferential policies to promote the adoption of electric vehicles, including subsidies for electric commercial vehicles and infrastructure in Beijing.
The document discusses a Euro-Mediterranean energy market integration project. It presents Jordan's national budget allocation chart for renewable energy and energy efficiency investments from 2010 to 2020. The chart identifies the most cost-effective technologies to achieve energy supply diversification, sustainability, and security in Jordan. It analyzes 20 renewable energy technologies and 9 energy efficiency technologies based on their potential, costs, and electricity savings to help allocate scarce budget efficiently and set priorities. The results will be disseminated through seminars and presentations to relevant decision makers to inform Jordan's energy plans and policies.
This document discusses energy saving in the UK. It covers the background of energy consumption in the UK, issues of fuel poverty and energy tariffs, public perception of energy conservation, and how energy conservation is promoted through grants, labeling, and other policies. While the UK has made progress in reducing energy use and promoting renewables, more can still be done to meet emissions targets and address continued high per capita energy consumption rates.
The document summarizes a presentation given by John Campion of ESB on electric vehicles. It outlines ESB's strategic goals of increasing renewable energy production and reducing its carbon footprint. It then discusses the challenges posed by the transport sector for reducing Ireland's emissions and ESB's initiatives to promote electric vehicles, including acquiring electric vehicles for its fleet and conducting research on electric vehicle load impacts and infrastructure needs.
The document provides an overview of energy auditing and energy certification in Italy. It discusses European Union directives related to energy efficiency and national laws in Italy implementing the directives. It explains the process of energy auditing and outlines standard procedures, measurement approaches, and eligible project types for issuing energy efficiency certificates in Italy. Key elements of Italy's energy efficiency certificate system are described, including the types of certificates, minimum project sizes, and certificate durations.
Presentation by Prof. Ric Parker - director of research and technology, Rolls Royce, at the CBI climate change forum seminar - Opportunities for business in a low-carbon economy, 8 September, 2009.
Dr. SUN Feng-chun, Vice President, Beijing Institute of TechnologyCALSTART
1) Beijing has launched several electric vehicle programs to reduce emissions and is planning to have over 5,000 commercial electric vehicles, including buses and sanitation trucks, operating in the city by 2015.
2) The Beijing Institute of Technology has developed electric vehicle technologies, such as battery packs, motors, and charging infrastructure, that have been used in electric buses and vehicles for the 2008 Olympics, 2010 Shanghai Expo, and other projects.
3) China has established national projects and preferential policies to promote the adoption of electric vehicles, including subsidies for electric commercial vehicles and infrastructure in Beijing.
The document summarizes a presentation about a European project to develop hybrid commercial vehicles. It aims to reduce costs and environmental impacts of buses and trucks through hybridization. The project involves 18 partners over 4 years with a budget of 17.7M Euros. It will develop hybrid bus and truck demonstrators with the goals of reducing powertrain costs by 40% and fuel consumption by 5% compared to current hybrids through technologies like improved energy storage, electric machines, and component integration.
The document summarizes a presentation given by Charlie Brandt on ocean energy and renewable resources. It discusses how population growth and economic activity are increasing global energy demand, particularly in developing nations like China and India. This is driving up coal prices and electricity costs. It then outlines the potential of ocean renewable resources like hydrokinetic, offshore wind, and algal biofuels to provide large amounts of clean energy near coastal demand centers.
This document summarizes trends in vehicle greenhouse gas abatement technologies and policies worldwide. It finds that the top 10 vehicle markets account for 85% of global sales. Many technologies exist to improve vehicle efficiency by 15-20% with modest costs, including hybrid systems, turbocharging, and lightweight materials. Regulatory developments in the US, China, and South Korea are driving significant emissions reductions. Europe has been a leader in setting long-term greenhouse gas reduction targets. Technology-neutral standards are needed worldwide to further reduce emissions while encouraging lightweight vehicle designs.
Laura Burke, Director General of the EPA presentation to Smurfit Business Sch...Alice Charles
The document summarizes a seminar given by the Director General of the EPA on Ireland's need to transition to a low carbon economy. It discusses Ireland's greenhouse gas emissions trends, models for a low carbon economy in Sweden and Norway, challenges and opportunities for Ireland, including in agriculture and energy, the role of carbon pricing through emissions trading and carbon taxes, and examples of resource efficiency programs in Ireland. The conclusion calls for setting ambitious but achievable goals to transition Ireland to a low carbon economy through effective policies that also address behavioral barriers.
Potential consequences of capacity mechanisms Arndt von SchemdeInnovation Norway
1) Market integration and new interconnections like the Nordlink cable between Germany and Norway provide significant benefits through more efficient utilization of generation resources, increased competition, and lower consumer prices across Northwestern Europe and the EU.
2) New interconnections create value by exploiting hourly, daily, and seasonal price differences and helping integrate intermittent renewable resources. However, localized capacity markets could reduce this value by limiting cross-border competition and revenue opportunities.
3) Capacity mechanisms should not promote purely local solutions and should not distort the incentives created by market integration and interconnections. Coordinated, cross-border capacity markets are preferable to avoid increased costs over both the short and long-term.
Ofgem Presentation at Economist Energy Summitcarbonbrief
Alistair Buchanan, CEO of Ofgem, presented on moving energy and climate change policy forward in 2012. Key initiatives included implementing tariff reforms through consultation, applying the new RIIO regulatory model for the first time, and ongoing investigations into retail markets. The presentation provided background on electricity market reforms and the scale of investment required. It also discussed gas security of supply concerns and introduced the new RIIO regulatory approach focusing on outputs, incentives and innovation to deliver efficient network investment totaling £32 billion by 2020.
Maruti Suzuki India Limited is India's largest passenger vehicle company. Some key details:
- It is 54.21% owned by Suzuki Motor Corporation and has over 7,720 employees across 4 plants.
- In FY 2008-09, Maruti had a total income of Rs. 214,538 million and net profit of Rs. 12,187 million. It sold 792,167 vehicles and had a 55% market share.
- Maruti's product range spans 13 models across segments A1, A2, A3, and MUV. It has nationwide sales, service and supplier networks to support its operations.
The document discusses the merits of AC versus DC locomotives. It provides an overview of EMD, the development of AC traction technology, and the performance and maintenance benefits of AC traction locomotives compared to DC locomotives. It also examines factors that influence railway procurement decisions between AC and DC technologies.
Minnesota Power has made progress in reducing emissions and transitioning its energy portfolio, but faces ongoing environmental challenges. Emissions have been reduced 70% since 2005 through adding renewables like wind, efficiency programs, and upgrades to Boswell Unit 4. However, new EPA regulations could require further emission reductions at a higher cost, particularly for Minnesota Power's smaller, older coal units. The company's integrated resource plan aims to continue conservation, diversify fuel sources, accelerate carbon reduction through more wind and Manitoba hydro, while maintaining reliability and affordable costs. Moving forward, Minnesota Power will work to ensure regional energy remains balanced across these priorities.
1) Policies have successfully driven growth in renewable energy, especially wind and solar PV, but grids and markets face new challenges integrating high shares of variable renewables.
2) Flexibility from sources like hydro, demand response, storage and transmission is key to managing variability, but lack of coordination between policies could jeopardize integration.
3) High renewable shares are lowering electricity prices but also reducing conventional plant capacity factors, raising issues around capacity markets and market integration.
Market Research Report: Lighting Industry in India 2010Netscribes, Inc.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at: info@netscribes.com
The lighting industry in India is valued at INR 71.7 bn in 2009 and has been growing at 12%. Lighting, a necessity in households and industries, will lead to the development of this market.
The report begins with an overview of the lighting industry indicating market size, growth, share of segments and share of electrical energy used by these different lights in India. It also talks about which lighting source is energy efficient and which are inefficient. The report also provides a detailed analysis of the various segments in the market including incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps and light emitting diode.
An analysis of the drivers explains growth factors such as rising household demand, government initiatives, gap in demand and supply of power, growth in automotive lighting industry, carbon trading and growth in solar photovoltaic cell. The key challenges identified include high cost of CFLs and LEDs and issues with disposal of CFLs.
Competition section provides brief profiles of domestics and foreign major players in the market. The section contains a snapshot of their corporation, financial performance and business highlights, providing an insight into the existing competitive scenario.
Michael Glotz-Richter'in 7 Nisan 2011 günü Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım 2011 Kocaeli'de yaptığı sunum.
Presentation done by Michael Glotz-Richter on 7 April 2011 during Sustainable Transport 2011 Kocaeli, Turkey
2012 Reenergize the Americas Keynote: Abbas GhassemiReenergize
This document discusses several key issues related to global energy sources, demand, and sustainability:
1) Peak levels of fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal may be reached within the next few decades, between 2010-2080.
2) Meeting growing global energy needs will require a combination of fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear power given world population and consumption trends.
3) Water use for energy production competes with other needs like food and drinking water supply.
4) Over 1.6 billion people lack access to electricity, mostly in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and 2.4 billion rely mainly on burning biomass like wood and manure.
The document discusses biomethane as a road transport fuel as a solution to carbon and air quality problems. It outlines Cenex's role in assisting the UK automotive industry and delivering projects for government agencies. Biomethane can significantly improve vehicle emissions and current technology is capable of meeting this challenge. Government policies and funding mechanisms are starting to support biomethane and other low emission strategies to tackle air pollution and climate change.
E. F. Piene, "Grid Connected Vehicles Capabilities and Characteristics," in E...Eamon Keane
The document summarizes a presentation on grid connected electric vehicles. It discusses the history of THINK, a Norwegian electric vehicle manufacturer. It then covers various aspects of electric vehicle and charging station design, including optimizing for energy efficiency, costs, and grid conditions. The presentation focuses on the modules involved in the charging process, including the charging station, on-board charger, and battery management system. It examines topics like charging times, power levels, and impacts on the grid from large numbers of simultaneously connected electric vehicles.
G. Schauer, "EV activities in Austria, EU and worldwide, Results from Fleet T...Eamon Keane
This document summarizes electric vehicle (EV) activities in Austria, Europe, and worldwide. It discusses results from fleet tests, business models, and demand for research and development. Key points discussed include EV test results and experience in Europe, the argument that EVs can help reduce emissions and energy use, and that supporting infrastructure already exists. Business models and total cost of ownership are also covered.
B. Mollstedt, "E.ON Mobility," in Electric Vehicle Integration Into Modern Po...Eamon Keane
E.ON is working on several demonstration projects to develop electric vehicle charging infrastructure and promote e-mobility. These include:
1) A field test with BMW testing 15 Mini E vehicles and developing charging infrastructure concepts.
2) An R&D project with Volkswagen testing plug-in hybrid vehicles and linking vehicle battery management to smart meter technology.
3) The CABLED project testing 110 low-emission vehicles and establishing home, public, and workplace charging stations to understand driver behavior.
4) The E-mobility Malmo project establishing 250 charging stations, procuring electric vehicles, and developing new public transportation solutions and mobility concepts for the city.
Ahmedabad University’s one-year full-time Executive MBA Programme for Family Driven Businesses. The programme is designed by Amrut Mody School of Management (AMSoM), Ahmedabad University, in collaboration with Cambridge Executive Education, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge , exclusively for strengthening and developing participants’ abilities to overcome the challenges of family driven businesses. These challenges are specific to family driven businesses and hence overcoming them requires a different approach and training. The programme offers a global management education while also including significant focus on the local context and content.
The document discusses the design choices made for a student magazine project targeting teenagers and young adults interested in a genre of music. Key design elements included a simple masthead in eye-catching colors, a lead article in the left third of the cover page for visibility, and consistency in fonts and colors throughout. Photos were styled to represent the target audience through clothing, makeup, and rebellious poses. Feedback on the project was generally positive with comments praising the professional layout and engagement with the target market.
The document summarizes a presentation about a European project to develop hybrid commercial vehicles. It aims to reduce costs and environmental impacts of buses and trucks through hybridization. The project involves 18 partners over 4 years with a budget of 17.7M Euros. It will develop hybrid bus and truck demonstrators with the goals of reducing powertrain costs by 40% and fuel consumption by 5% compared to current hybrids through technologies like improved energy storage, electric machines, and component integration.
The document summarizes a presentation given by Charlie Brandt on ocean energy and renewable resources. It discusses how population growth and economic activity are increasing global energy demand, particularly in developing nations like China and India. This is driving up coal prices and electricity costs. It then outlines the potential of ocean renewable resources like hydrokinetic, offshore wind, and algal biofuels to provide large amounts of clean energy near coastal demand centers.
This document summarizes trends in vehicle greenhouse gas abatement technologies and policies worldwide. It finds that the top 10 vehicle markets account for 85% of global sales. Many technologies exist to improve vehicle efficiency by 15-20% with modest costs, including hybrid systems, turbocharging, and lightweight materials. Regulatory developments in the US, China, and South Korea are driving significant emissions reductions. Europe has been a leader in setting long-term greenhouse gas reduction targets. Technology-neutral standards are needed worldwide to further reduce emissions while encouraging lightweight vehicle designs.
Laura Burke, Director General of the EPA presentation to Smurfit Business Sch...Alice Charles
The document summarizes a seminar given by the Director General of the EPA on Ireland's need to transition to a low carbon economy. It discusses Ireland's greenhouse gas emissions trends, models for a low carbon economy in Sweden and Norway, challenges and opportunities for Ireland, including in agriculture and energy, the role of carbon pricing through emissions trading and carbon taxes, and examples of resource efficiency programs in Ireland. The conclusion calls for setting ambitious but achievable goals to transition Ireland to a low carbon economy through effective policies that also address behavioral barriers.
Potential consequences of capacity mechanisms Arndt von SchemdeInnovation Norway
1) Market integration and new interconnections like the Nordlink cable between Germany and Norway provide significant benefits through more efficient utilization of generation resources, increased competition, and lower consumer prices across Northwestern Europe and the EU.
2) New interconnections create value by exploiting hourly, daily, and seasonal price differences and helping integrate intermittent renewable resources. However, localized capacity markets could reduce this value by limiting cross-border competition and revenue opportunities.
3) Capacity mechanisms should not promote purely local solutions and should not distort the incentives created by market integration and interconnections. Coordinated, cross-border capacity markets are preferable to avoid increased costs over both the short and long-term.
Ofgem Presentation at Economist Energy Summitcarbonbrief
Alistair Buchanan, CEO of Ofgem, presented on moving energy and climate change policy forward in 2012. Key initiatives included implementing tariff reforms through consultation, applying the new RIIO regulatory model for the first time, and ongoing investigations into retail markets. The presentation provided background on electricity market reforms and the scale of investment required. It also discussed gas security of supply concerns and introduced the new RIIO regulatory approach focusing on outputs, incentives and innovation to deliver efficient network investment totaling £32 billion by 2020.
Maruti Suzuki India Limited is India's largest passenger vehicle company. Some key details:
- It is 54.21% owned by Suzuki Motor Corporation and has over 7,720 employees across 4 plants.
- In FY 2008-09, Maruti had a total income of Rs. 214,538 million and net profit of Rs. 12,187 million. It sold 792,167 vehicles and had a 55% market share.
- Maruti's product range spans 13 models across segments A1, A2, A3, and MUV. It has nationwide sales, service and supplier networks to support its operations.
The document discusses the merits of AC versus DC locomotives. It provides an overview of EMD, the development of AC traction technology, and the performance and maintenance benefits of AC traction locomotives compared to DC locomotives. It also examines factors that influence railway procurement decisions between AC and DC technologies.
Minnesota Power has made progress in reducing emissions and transitioning its energy portfolio, but faces ongoing environmental challenges. Emissions have been reduced 70% since 2005 through adding renewables like wind, efficiency programs, and upgrades to Boswell Unit 4. However, new EPA regulations could require further emission reductions at a higher cost, particularly for Minnesota Power's smaller, older coal units. The company's integrated resource plan aims to continue conservation, diversify fuel sources, accelerate carbon reduction through more wind and Manitoba hydro, while maintaining reliability and affordable costs. Moving forward, Minnesota Power will work to ensure regional energy remains balanced across these priorities.
1) Policies have successfully driven growth in renewable energy, especially wind and solar PV, but grids and markets face new challenges integrating high shares of variable renewables.
2) Flexibility from sources like hydro, demand response, storage and transmission is key to managing variability, but lack of coordination between policies could jeopardize integration.
3) High renewable shares are lowering electricity prices but also reducing conventional plant capacity factors, raising issues around capacity markets and market integration.
Market Research Report: Lighting Industry in India 2010Netscribes, Inc.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at: info@netscribes.com
The lighting industry in India is valued at INR 71.7 bn in 2009 and has been growing at 12%. Lighting, a necessity in households and industries, will lead to the development of this market.
The report begins with an overview of the lighting industry indicating market size, growth, share of segments and share of electrical energy used by these different lights in India. It also talks about which lighting source is energy efficient and which are inefficient. The report also provides a detailed analysis of the various segments in the market including incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps and light emitting diode.
An analysis of the drivers explains growth factors such as rising household demand, government initiatives, gap in demand and supply of power, growth in automotive lighting industry, carbon trading and growth in solar photovoltaic cell. The key challenges identified include high cost of CFLs and LEDs and issues with disposal of CFLs.
Competition section provides brief profiles of domestics and foreign major players in the market. The section contains a snapshot of their corporation, financial performance and business highlights, providing an insight into the existing competitive scenario.
Michael Glotz-Richter'in 7 Nisan 2011 günü Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım 2011 Kocaeli'de yaptığı sunum.
Presentation done by Michael Glotz-Richter on 7 April 2011 during Sustainable Transport 2011 Kocaeli, Turkey
2012 Reenergize the Americas Keynote: Abbas GhassemiReenergize
This document discusses several key issues related to global energy sources, demand, and sustainability:
1) Peak levels of fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal may be reached within the next few decades, between 2010-2080.
2) Meeting growing global energy needs will require a combination of fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear power given world population and consumption trends.
3) Water use for energy production competes with other needs like food and drinking water supply.
4) Over 1.6 billion people lack access to electricity, mostly in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and 2.4 billion rely mainly on burning biomass like wood and manure.
The document discusses biomethane as a road transport fuel as a solution to carbon and air quality problems. It outlines Cenex's role in assisting the UK automotive industry and delivering projects for government agencies. Biomethane can significantly improve vehicle emissions and current technology is capable of meeting this challenge. Government policies and funding mechanisms are starting to support biomethane and other low emission strategies to tackle air pollution and climate change.
E. F. Piene, "Grid Connected Vehicles Capabilities and Characteristics," in E...Eamon Keane
The document summarizes a presentation on grid connected electric vehicles. It discusses the history of THINK, a Norwegian electric vehicle manufacturer. It then covers various aspects of electric vehicle and charging station design, including optimizing for energy efficiency, costs, and grid conditions. The presentation focuses on the modules involved in the charging process, including the charging station, on-board charger, and battery management system. It examines topics like charging times, power levels, and impacts on the grid from large numbers of simultaneously connected electric vehicles.
G. Schauer, "EV activities in Austria, EU and worldwide, Results from Fleet T...Eamon Keane
This document summarizes electric vehicle (EV) activities in Austria, Europe, and worldwide. It discusses results from fleet tests, business models, and demand for research and development. Key points discussed include EV test results and experience in Europe, the argument that EVs can help reduce emissions and energy use, and that supporting infrastructure already exists. Business models and total cost of ownership are also covered.
B. Mollstedt, "E.ON Mobility," in Electric Vehicle Integration Into Modern Po...Eamon Keane
E.ON is working on several demonstration projects to develop electric vehicle charging infrastructure and promote e-mobility. These include:
1) A field test with BMW testing 15 Mini E vehicles and developing charging infrastructure concepts.
2) An R&D project with Volkswagen testing plug-in hybrid vehicles and linking vehicle battery management to smart meter technology.
3) The CABLED project testing 110 low-emission vehicles and establishing home, public, and workplace charging stations to understand driver behavior.
4) The E-mobility Malmo project establishing 250 charging stations, procuring electric vehicles, and developing new public transportation solutions and mobility concepts for the city.
Ahmedabad University’s one-year full-time Executive MBA Programme for Family Driven Businesses. The programme is designed by Amrut Mody School of Management (AMSoM), Ahmedabad University, in collaboration with Cambridge Executive Education, Judge Business School, University of Cambridge , exclusively for strengthening and developing participants’ abilities to overcome the challenges of family driven businesses. These challenges are specific to family driven businesses and hence overcoming them requires a different approach and training. The programme offers a global management education while also including significant focus on the local context and content.
The document discusses the design choices made for a student magazine project targeting teenagers and young adults interested in a genre of music. Key design elements included a simple masthead in eye-catching colors, a lead article in the left third of the cover page for visibility, and consistency in fonts and colors throughout. Photos were styled to represent the target audience through clothing, makeup, and rebellious poses. Feedback on the project was generally positive with comments praising the professional layout and engagement with the target market.
The document provides information about the THINK City, a 100% electric car. It is described as easy and eco-friendly to drive with zero local emissions. It can travel up to 160 km on a single charge and recharges overnight using a standard electrical outlet. The THINK City is positioned as an affordable and practical option for urban driving.
Sex Differences in Estrogen Regulation of Renal 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogen...Darren Roesch
There are profound sex differences in renal function that contribute to sex differences in cardiovascular function, the risk for hypertension, and subsequent development of cardiovascular disease. The effects of estrogens on cardiovascular function are controversial. Some studies suggest estrogens are cardioprotective and others studies suggest estrogens increase cardiovascular risk. Adrenocortical steroids such as the stress hormone, corticosterone, and the mineralocorticoid, aldosterone, can bind and stimulate renal salt reabsorption via the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Because corticosterone circulates at much higher levels and has a higher affinity for the MR than aldosterone, it might be expected that all activity at MR would be through corticosterone. However, the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD-2) inactivates corticosterone and protects MR from activation by circulating glucocorticoids. We have found that estrogen, a hormone that also increases circulating levels of corticosterone, increases levels of 11β-HSD-2 in males but not females. Therefore, we predict that estrogen increases stress hormone (corticosterone)-mediated salt reabsorption in females more than in males. Since many of the animal studies that predict cardioprotection by estrogen have been conducted in males, and most of the human clinical studies are conducted in females, we hypothesize that a sex/gender difference in renal 11β-HSD-2 responsiveness to estrogen may contribute to the apparent controversy over the effectiveness of estrogen in protecting against cardiovascular disease. Future studies in this laboratory will determine the mechanism of the sex/gender difference in the regulation of 11β-HSD-2 so that increases in 11β-HSD-2 activity might be pharmacologically induced in order to prevent estrogen and stress-associated increases in renal salt reabsorption and the associated increases in blood pressure and the risk for cardiovascular disease.
The document provides an overview of different tenses in English including the present simple, present progressive, past simple, past progressive, future with "be going to", future with "will", and the uses of each tense. It defines their affirmative, negative and interrogative forms and provides examples of how each tense is used to express different concepts like habits, permanent truths, future plans, intentions, etc.
The document discusses the design choices made for a magazine cover and contents page. The lead article is placed in the left third of the cover to be visible when stacked. The layout is based on magazines like NME that target a similar audience. A simple font and high-contrast colors are used for the masthead. The contents page follows a conventional layout to look professional like rival magazines. Photos aim to represent the target audience of teenagers and young adults interested in the genre of music through clothing and actions.
This document outlines an experiment to compare the transpiration rates of the upper and lower leaf surfaces. Cobalt chloride paper will be placed on both surfaces of a leaf for 15 minutes under controlled conditions. The dependent variable is the color change of the cobalt chloride paper, which turns pink when exposed to water vapor through transpiration. It is predicted that the paper on the lower surface will turn pink, indicating more transpiration, because most leaves have more stomata on their lower surface.
The document discusses various Web 2.0 tools that can be used for organization, collaboration, creating and hosting presentations, adding video, animation, audio, photos, publishing content, using content management systems and learning management systems, and the evolution to Web 3.0. It also provides resources for citing information found online and detecting plagiarism.
The document contains survey results from Amy Carle regarding the development of a music magazine. The surveys showed that the target audience for the magazine would be males and females aged 14-25 who listen to rock music. Most read Kerrang magazine and enjoy gossip magazines as well. The magazine will focus on rock music, include gossip content, have a Kerrang style, and feature pictures over text given audience preferences. It will be priced between £3-5 since no one was willing to pay over £5.
The document contains survey results from research about music magazine preferences:
- Most respondents were male, aged 14-25, and listened to rock music.
- The most popular existing magazines were Kerrang and gossip magazines like Closer.
- Most would spend £3-£5 on a magazine and prefer listening to music on their iPods.
- Respondents indicated a preference for picture-led magazines over text-heavy magazines.
This magazine cover features Usher photographed in a military-style outfit looking heroic. The image conveys that Usher is a big icon in the hip hop world and very confident, as indicated by the pull quote "There is no competition." The contents page is simple with one picture of Usher and brief article descriptions. It effectively features several ads that readers will see when first opening the magazine. The double page spread balances text and a serious yet seductive image of Usher in shadow, looking dangerous. The headline and article discuss Usher's life over the past few years, ending with a comparison to Michael Jackson, continuing the military theme of Usher as a "fighter" in life.
The document discusses the key components of history for E&M coding, including the chief complaint (CC), history of present illness (HPI), review of systems (ROS), and past medical, family, and social history (PFSH). It defines each component and provides examples. The CC is a statement in the patient's words of why they are seeking care. The HPI is a chronological description of the current illness. The ROS and PFSH review the patient's symptoms and medical background. Proper documentation of these history elements is required for accurate E&M coding.
O documento discute os processos de envelhecimento facial, classificando rugas e descrevendo técnicas estéticas e cirúrgicas para rejuvenescimento como hidratação, peeling, radiofrequência, ácido hialurônico, botox e cirurgias como blefaroplastia e mentoplastia.
Basics Of Coding And Medical Record DocumentationAngie Nolan
The document discusses the basics of medical coding and record documentation. It covers the key components of a medical record including that it serves as a medical, legal, and compliance document. It outlines the patient's care and treatment. The document also discusses the key components of evaluation and management (E&M) codes including history, examination and medical decision making. It notes the requirements for documenting new versus established patient visits. The presentation emphasizes that documentation is critical for appropriate coding, reimbursement and defending medical necessity.
This document discusses renewable energy and transport developments in Ireland. It presents data showing Ireland has significant potential to develop offshore wind, wave, and tidal energy. Electric vehicles are highlighted as a way to help Ireland meet its target of 10% electric vehicle usage by 2020. Battery electric vehicles can reduce lifecycle CO2 emissions compared to petrol and diesel vehicles. The document also examines using electric vehicles and heat pumps to help manage intermittent wind energy on the grid.
Renewable Energy and Transport Developments
1) Ireland aims to source 10-16% of total energy from renewable sources by 2020, including 10% of transport from electric vehicles.
2) Battery electric vehicles have lower lifecycle emissions than petrol or diesel vehicles but higher upfront capital costs.
3) With increased wind power, electric vehicles and heat pumps can help manage intermittent supply by charging when wind is plentiful and exporting stored power during low wind.
John Campion from ESB discussed ESB's initiatives to support electric vehicles and sustainable transport. ESB is acquiring electric vehicles for its fleet, studying the impacts of EVs on electricity load and networks, and working with manufacturers and other utilities internationally. ESB aims to help Ireland meet its goal of 10% electric vehicle penetration by 2020 and sees opportunities for Irish enterprises in the electric vehicle industry.
The document is ExxonMobil's 2012 outlook report on global energy demand and supply through 2040. It finds that population and economic growth will drive a 30% increase in energy demand despite efficiency gains saving 500 quadrillion BTUs. Electricity generation is expected to be the fastest growing energy sector. Natural gas supply is projected to increase significantly to meet demand, while oil, coal, nuclear and renewables will also play major roles in the energy mix. CO2 emissions are forecasted to plateau by 2025 as emissions per capita decline.
The document summarizes renewable energy development in Germany. It notes that renewable energy targets include achieving 18% of final energy consumption from renewables by 2020, and increasing to 60% by 2050. It also outlines Germany's plan to phase out nuclear energy completely by 2022 following Fukushima. Charts show strong growth in wind, solar PV, and biomass electricity generation due to Germany's feed-in tariff policy. Renewables contributed over 25% of Germany's electricity in 2012 and 10.4% of heat in 2011.
This document discusses opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Australia to meet its 2020 targets. It outlines ClimateWorks' analysis showing the technical and economic potential to reduce emissions 25% below 2000 levels through initiatives in power, buildings, industry, transport, forestry and agriculture. A carbon price would make many lower-cost opportunities profitable by making emissions reductions less expensive than business as usual. However, there is currently no national reporting system to track the early action and success stories in adopting cleaner technologies and practices, creating a risk of future policy instability without this information. ClimateWorks seeks to work with organizations to measure activity and drivers of emissions reductions, not just reported tonnage, to help guide further policy and investment decisions.
This document discusses the power sector in India, including electricity generation, transmission, and initiatives to boost the sector. It provides figures showing that as of November 2012, India's total installed power capacity was over 210,000 MW, with coal making up 57% of capacity. The document also notes that India's per capita electricity consumption increased from 15 kWh in 1950 to 814 kWh in 2011-12. It describes the growth and development of India's electricity transmission system from isolated state grids to an integrated national grid.
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Ostkroft, "The EDISON Project," in Electric Vehicle Integration Into Modern Power Networks, DTU, Copenhagen, 2010
1. EDISON
Maja Felicia Bendtsen, Østkraft
Electric Vehicle Integration Into Modern Power Networks
September 2010
2. 2020 targets
Energy consumption -30 % energy production from renewables
250
-20 % reduction in CO2 emission compared
200
1980
to 1990
150 1990
PJ
100 2000 -20 % higher energy efficiency
2008
50
0
Trade Production Household Transport
The transport sector keeps increasing its
Energy for transport,
energy consumption.
spread on types
Road transport and air traffic have both
140 increased their energy consumption notable.
Index (1990=100)
130
120 Road
110
100
Railway However energy for road transportation
Air traffic
90
80 Shipping accounts for more than 75 % of the total
70 amount of energy used for transport, air
traffic only accounts for 15-18 %.
90
94
98
02
06
19
19
19
20
20
3. EVs contributes to meeting the
2020 targets 1x
CO2
Kilde: Energinet.dk
Ca. 2 x
CO2
+
EV Pow er from w ind
CO2-quota
Diesel
Hydrogen
Energy effeciency
Petrol
Biofuel, 2.g.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Source: Energinet.DK and Danish committee for electric vehicles
4. Load in kW on 10/0,4 kV station
with ~50 consumers
12
:0
0
50
100
150
200
250
0
0 1 AM
:0
0
0 2 AM
:0
0
0 3 AM
:0
0
0 4 AM
:0
0
0 5 AM
:0
0
0 6 AM
:0
0
0 7 AM
:0
0
0 8 AM
:0
0
0 9 AM
:0
0
1 0 AM
:0
0
1 1 AM
:0
0
1 2 AM
:0
0
0 1 PM
:0
0
Simple charge
Time
0 2 PM
:0
0
Normal load
0 3 PM
:0
0
0 4 PM
:0
0
0 5 PM
:0
0
0 6 PM
:0
0
0 7 PM
:0
0
0 8 PM
:0
0
0 9 PM
:0
0
1 0 PM
:0
0
1 1 PM
:0
0
1 2 PM
Extra load for EVs
:0
0
AM
Load in kW on 10/0,4 kV station
with ~50 consumers
01
:0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0
02 AM
:0
0
03 AM
:0
0
04 AM
:0
0
05 AM
:0
0
06 AM
:0
0
necessary?
07 AM
:0
0
08 AM
Extra load for EVs
:0
0
09 AM
:0
0
10 AM
:0
0
11 AM
:0
0
12 AM
:0
0
01 PM
:0
0
02 PM
:0
Time
0
Controlled charge
03 PM
Normal load
:0
0
04 PM
:0
0
EVs induce strains in the distribution grid
05 PM
Why is controlled charge
:0
0
06 PM
:0
0
07 PM
:0
0
08 PM
:0
0
09 PM
:0
0
10 PM
:0
0
11 PM
:0
0
12 PM
:0
0
AM
5. Creation of Smart Grid
Strained More production from
distribution grid renewable sources
Smart Grid
6. Power system 1
– Balance between production and load
• Traditionally production has been adapted to load
• With wind turbines and other renewables power production becomes
more intermittent
• In future part of the load should be adjusted to fit production
7. Power system 2
– Structure of the grid is changing
• Traditionally the grid have had a top-down structure
from production to load
• In future, because of renewables, part of the production
will be decentralised
– Future scenarios Source: Nyhedsbladet Dansk Energi nr. 8, juni 2010
• Business as usual: The increasing amount of production
from renewables and change in load for EVs, heat
pumps etc. will bring investments of 7.7 bn. DKK
• Smart Grid: Necessary investments of 9.8 bn. DKK, but
socio-economic value of 8.2 bn. DKK. Therefore Smart
Grid is the smartest approach
8. EVs are potential
flexible consumption
• Flexible consumption is a key element in Smart
Grid
• On average cars are parked 20 hours a day
– As much as 16 hours is typically at home
• EVs will need to charge 1-4 hours a day,
dependent on usage and charging power
• If the user of the EV is given good incentives
the flexibility could be used in the power system
9.
10. WP1 Electric Vehicle technology
•EV technology
•Energy consumption
•Battery size
•Charging power
•Driving patterns
•Market potential
11. WP2 System architecture design
for EV systems
Power flow
Trade/Contract Fleet Operator based charging
Billing
Comm
Energy Market
Power producer [MWh]
Retailer
Meter
Fleet
TSO DSO operator
CS
Com-
munication
Identification
Ancillary service
[MW]
Meter
12. WP3 Distributed integration
technology development
•Develop VPP software
•Integrate SCADA system information
•Integrate production data from
renewables
•Integrate SoC and time of use from EV
•Compute charging schedule, which is
send to the EV/charging spot
13. WP4 Central Fast-Charging and
Battery-Swapping Stations
Development
•Central Fast-Charging
•Influence on battery life time
•Charging alcorithms
•Grid perspective
•Tested at Risø DTU Syslab during
WP6A
14. WP5 EV communication
•Communication with the EV
•Identification
•SoC
•Choice of charging type
•Instant
•Delayed /Controlled
•Charging schedule
Kilde:
15. WP6A+B Demonstration
•Pre-Test
•Charging schedule for
controlled charge
•Real-life testing
•Charging schedule for
•V2G
controlled charge
•Fast-Charging
•Communication
•Communication
•If possible V2G
•Dependent on
•Demonstrated at
•Driving patterns
•“Private” charging
•System architecture
• Public charging
16. Why Bornholm?
– We have a high share of production from renewables
• More than 60 % in power produced at Bornholm
• More than 40 % in power consumed at Bornholm
– One electric connection to the Nordel synchronous area
• 70 kW 60 kV sea cable from 1980
– Bornholm is equivalent to ~1 % of Denmark
• Geographical area
• Number of inhabitants and power consumers
• Composition of society with business, industry, hospital etc.
Why Østkraft finds projects important:
– Access to new knowledge and technologies
– Strengthens the image of Østkraft
– Gives increased attention to Bornholm