- A Direct On Line (DOL) starter connects the motor directly to the power supply. It consists of fuses, an isolator, contactor, and overload protection. Pressing the start button energizes the contactor coil to close the contacts and start the motor.
- A reversing DOL starter uses two contactors to reverse the motor direction by swapping the phase connections. It has separate start buttons for forward and reverse operation.
- A star-delta starter reduces starting current by initially connecting the motor in star configuration before switching to delta. This allows the motor to start smoothly before applying full voltage once up to speed.
CAPACITIVE START INDUCTIVE RUN(CSIR) MOTOR PPTAmresh Nayak
Capacitor Start Induction Run (CSIR) is a type of Single-phase induction motor in which a capacitor is connected in series to start windings to maximize starting torque, as the motor comes up to speed, the relay removes the start winding and the start capacitor from the circuit then runs on the run winding alone with no capacitor. Instead of relay, a centrifugal switch can be used. Here, the switch is used to disconnect the starting winding of the motor once the motor approaches its normal operating speed.
Advantages and Disadvatages of AC/DC MotorFika Khamis
Simple explanation on advantages and disadvantages of AC and DC motor. Focusing on main point only since the slides is for presentation. Originally design by me.
Speed control of three phase induction motorSourabh sharma
In this presentation Methods of speed control of 3 phase induction motors are presented.
Speed of three phase induction motor can be controlled from
1) Stator Side or from 2) Rotor Side
CAPACITIVE START INDUCTIVE RUN(CSIR) MOTOR PPTAmresh Nayak
Capacitor Start Induction Run (CSIR) is a type of Single-phase induction motor in which a capacitor is connected in series to start windings to maximize starting torque, as the motor comes up to speed, the relay removes the start winding and the start capacitor from the circuit then runs on the run winding alone with no capacitor. Instead of relay, a centrifugal switch can be used. Here, the switch is used to disconnect the starting winding of the motor once the motor approaches its normal operating speed.
Advantages and Disadvatages of AC/DC MotorFika Khamis
Simple explanation on advantages and disadvantages of AC and DC motor. Focusing on main point only since the slides is for presentation. Originally design by me.
Speed control of three phase induction motorSourabh sharma
In this presentation Methods of speed control of 3 phase induction motors are presented.
Speed of three phase induction motor can be controlled from
1) Stator Side or from 2) Rotor Side
Starters of induction motor and protection equipmentsateesh kumar
Safety precautions of Electrical power supply
Starting methods of Induction machine
Protection equipment of 3-phase machines
Various operations of machines on Induction machine used in industry
Industrial Star Delta Starter for a 3-Phase Induction Motorelprocus
The most basic feature of an Induction motor is its self starting mechanism. Due to the rotating magnetic field, an emf is induced in the rotor, because of which current starts flowing in the rotor.
This ppt is for your education purpose.
I can explain the electrical starters in very best ways ,
you can understande the all electrical starters in very easy methods.
For your any inquiry,
CONTECT NO : - 9082557285
CREATED BY : - AYUSH .A. PITHAL
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
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Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
2. Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
Aims
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
• To understand the control gear requirements of a cage rotor induction motor starter
• To understand the operation of various types of motor starters
3. Objectives
At the end of this lesson you should be able to:
• To be able to describe the control gear components of a DOL starter
• To be able to describe the operation of a DOL starter
• To be able to explain how a three-phase motor can be reversed
• To be able to describe the operation of a reversing DOL starter
• To be able to explain the starting problems with an induction motor
To be able to describe the operation of a STAR-DELTA starter
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
4. Components of a DOL Starter
DOL = Direct On Line
= Direct connection of stator phases to the 3 phase supply
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
FUSES MCB
Designed to operate very quickly
Protect against short circuit currents to
earth or between phases
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
5. Components of a DOL Starter
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Isolator
Makes circuit dead allowing for maintenance
Should be door interlocked and lockable for safety
Isolator with integral fuses
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
6. Contactor
Coil
Coil terminals A1 & A2
Main pole terminals 2, 4 & 6
Main pole
terminals 1,
3 & 5 Auxiliary contact
terminal 13
Auxiliary contact
terminal 14
Coil
Main poles
Auxiliary
contact
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
7. Components of a DOL Starter
Contactor
Coil
Coil terminals A1 & A2
Main pole terminals 2, 4 & 6
Main pole
terminals 1,
3 & 5 Auxiliary contact
terminal 13
Auxiliary contact
terminal 14
When coil is energised it becomes a
magnet
Pole contacts closes
Auxiliary contact also closes
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
8. Components of a DOL Starter
Overload Unit (Thermal type)
Main pole terminals 1, 3 & 5
When motor overheats due to overload
conditions, main poles latch open
Auxiliary contacts also latch open and
when interlocked within control circuit
prevents motor restarting by itself when
cool.
Main pole terminals 2, 4 & 6
N/O
Auxiliary
contacts
97 & 98
N/C
Auxiliary
contacts
95 & 96
Reset
button
Red pushbutton can be used to reset
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
9. Components of a DOL Starter
Start and Stop pushbuttons
Start button is green and
flush mounted
Stop button is red and
protruding
N/O contact N/C contact
Emergency Stop button has a
red mushroom head which
latches in and must be turned
to release
Contacts at the
back of
switches can
be either N/O
or N/C
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
10. DOL Starter
Power Schematic Fuses
Isolator
Contactor
C1
Overload
Unit
OL1
Induction
Motor
Auxiliary
contact
(retainer)
Auxiliary
contact
(interlock)
Safety earth
3-phase
supply
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
11. DOL Starter
Control Circuit
Starting
•Press S2
•C1 coil energises
•Contact C1 retains
•S2 can be released
Stopping
•Press S1 breaks circuit
•C1 coil de-energises
•C1 retaining contact
drops out
Faults
•Overload causes OL1 to open
•C1 coil de-energises
•C1 retaining contact drops out
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
13. Reversing
DOL Starter
Control Circuit
Starting - Forward
•Press S2
•C2 coil energises
•Contact C2 retains
•S2 can be released
•Electrical interlock with
C3
Stopping
•Press S1 breaks circuit
•C2 or C3 coil de-energises
•C2 or C3 retaining contact drops
out
Starting - Reverse
Faults
•As for DOL
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
•Press S3
•C3 coil energises
•Contact C3 retains
•S3 can be released
•Electrical interlock with C2
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
14. Induction Motor Starting Problems
High Starting Current
Starting current
= 7 x full load current
As speed increases,
stator current reduces
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
15. Induction Motor Starting Problems
Solution:- Start off in STAR, then run in DELTA
Motor current follows STAR
curve. Change over to DELTA
curve after motor reaches 80%
of full synchronous speed
Change over can be done using a
timer or centrifugal switch
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
16. Induction Motor Starting Problems
Solution:- Start off in STAR, then run in DELTA
Lower starting torque in STAR
means that load must be
checked to ensure it can be
turned in STAR.
Motor torque follows STAR
curve. Change over to DELTA
curve after motor reaches 80%
of full synchronous speed
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
17. STAR-DELTA
Starter
Power Schematic
Induction
Motor
STAR
Contact
or C2
3-phase supply,
fuses, isolator
and motor earth
not shown
Mechanical
interlock
DELTA
Contactor
C3
MAIN
Contactor C1 Overload
Unit OL1
STAR
U1
V1
W1
U2
V2
W2
U2
U1
V1
V2
W1
W2
DELTA
DELTA
Contactor
connects
U1 to W2
V1 to U2
W1 to V2
STAR
Contactor connects U2 to
V2 to W2
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3
18. Control Circuit
Starting
•Press S2
•C1 coil energises
•Contact C1 retains
•S2 can be released
•Auxiliary contact C1 closes
•CR timer starts timing
•C2 coil energises - STAR
•CR timer finishes timing
•C2 coil de-energises
•C3 coil energises - DELTA
STAR-DELTA Starter
Stopping & Faults
•As for DOL
3 Phase Cage Rotor Starters and Control Gear
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 3