Geography is the study of the Earth and its features. It is divided into the branches of physical geography, human geography, and practical geography. Physical geography examines the natural environment including landforms, climate, plants, and animals. Human geography focuses on human activities and settlements, as well as topics like agriculture, industry, and transportation. Practical geography involves map work, research, and other skills. Studying geography provides knowledge about natural resources and the world we live in. It also helps develop skills and provides a foundation for careers in fields like planning, surveying, forestry, and navigation.

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THE CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHY
The words geography was first used by Greek mathematicians called Eratosthenes
Geography is formed from two Greek words Geo and Graphein
Geo: means “the Earth”
Graphein: which means “draw, describe or write”.
Hence the word geography means to draw, describe about the earth.
GEOGRAPHY is the scientific study of the earth as a home to humankind.
-is the science that deal with study of the earth as the environmental of humankind.
Geographer is a person who studies geography.
INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GEOGRAPHICAL PHENOMENONS
Geographical phenomenon refers all geographical fact or events of scientific interest.
The physical and human environment makes up two major geographical phenomena
Within the two types of environment there are variety of geographical phenomenan that are interrelated.
1. LAND
Provides soil in which plants grow.
2. PLANT
Provides food for herbivores, which in turn are food for carnivores and human being.
3. CLIMATE
Climate can determine the type of plant and animals that survive in a given regions.
4. HUMAN ACTIVITIES
These activities lead to modification of physical environment, e.g. soil erosion and drought
BRANCHES OF GEOGRAPHY
Geography as a field of study can be divided into three main branches.
1. Physical geography
2. Human and economic geography
3. Practical/mathematical geography
PHYSICAL GEORAPHY
Physical geography is the branch of geography that deals with the study of natural physical environment.
This includes
(a) The earth and solar system
(b) Landform like mountains and valley
(c) Formation of landform
(d) Weather and climate
(e) Distribution of vegetation
(f) Drainage
(g) Distribution of animals
(h) Rock and soil

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HUMAN AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
This is the branch of geography which deal with people and their activities
This include the study of
(a) The geographical distribution of countries
(b) Settlement and population
(c) Fishing and agriculture
(d) Mining
(e) Wildlife and tourism
(f) Forestry
(g) Energy and industry
(h) Transport and communication
(i) Management and conservation of environment
(j) Trade
PRACTICAL/ MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY
Practical geography is the branch of geography which deals with map work, research, statistic, surveying and
photograph work.
SKILLS OR PROFESSIONAL OBTAINED FROM STUDYING GEOGRAPHY
(a) planning
(b) A surveyor
(c) A forester
(d) A cartography
(e) A diver
(f) A mountain climber
(g) Pilots
(h) Navigation
IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING GEOGRAPHY
1. Knowledge of geography helps us to understand our natural resource. E.g. forest, gas
2. Geography helps us to understand better the world we live in and its problem.
3. It helps us to gain knowledge and skills.
4. It provides foundation for an advance study in specialized career such as climatology.
5. Knowledge of geography helps us to know our country’s heritage.
6. Geography helps us to know how landform are created e.g. mountain, lakes etc.
7. Geography helps us to know our environment and how to conserve it.
8. It helps us to understand main geographical problem like poverty, diseases and pollution.