1. Betagard 5SX4 miniature circuit breakers have rated breaking capacities up to 10kA and comply with national and international standards with current ratings from 0.5A to 63A.
2. They provide short circuit protection by rapidly separating contacts through electromagnetic repulsion. This limits let-through current to below specification limits, reducing thermal stress on downstream equipment.
3. Features include finger touch proof terminals, recessed lever to prevent accidental operation, and ability to mount in any position. Accessories include auxiliary contacts and shunt trips.
The document provides information about ABB's medium voltage V-Contact VSC contactors. It describes the contactors' permanent magnet drive system and vacuum interrupter breaking mechanism. It lists the available contactor versions and their technical specifications, including voltage ratings, short circuit ratings, switching times, and environmental compliance standards. Installation and application information is also provided.
This document summarizes key parts of the international standard IEC 60947-2 for low voltage circuit breakers. It describes the standard's contents and scope, definitions of circuit breaker ratings and characteristics, construction requirements for isolation and testing circuit breakers suitable for isolation. It also summarizes appendices on cascading, residual current devices, circuit breakers with electronic trip units, and ones suitable for isolated neutral systems. The standard defines tests to verify circuit breaker performance and functions under all conditions.
1 residual current circuit breaker (rccb) ( elcb)nikeshdubey
Residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs), also known as ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs), detect ground faults and disconnect power to prevent electric shock. RCCBs use a core balance transformer and relay to sense minor differences in current between live and neutral wires, indicating a ground fault. They provide protection against direct and indirect contact with live parts. RCCBs must disconnect power within 40 milliseconds of detecting a ground fault of 30mA or more, as required by safety regulations. Types are available for domestic, industrial, and commercial applications to protect against electric shocks.
The document provides information on Siemens 3TH30 contactor relays:
1) 3TH30 contactor relays are air break contactors suitable for 10A at 240V AC and 10A at 24V DC that provide reliability and safety in control circuits.
2) They have flexible configurations with up to 8 contacts and mounting options.
3) Features include double break parallel bridge contacts, captive screws, and lugless terminations for improved safety and ease of use.
01. superswitch switch disconnector fuse and din bs fusesangelochintu
The document discusses the Siemens Superswitch 3KL8/3KT8/3KA8 power distribution switch. It has a range from 20A to 1600A and is suitable for applications up to 690V AC. It features self-cleaning moving roller contacts for high reliability over long usage. It also offers high safety, short circuit performance, isolation capabilities, and fuse monitoring options. The Superswitch is designed for applications in industrial and commercial switchboards and motor control centers.
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformers - Voltage Transformers VT's
Up to 40.5kV Medium Voltage MV Indoor Transformers VT's
ABB Power Products
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformers - Voltage Transformer Features
Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated transformers for medium voltages (MV). ABB transformers are suitable for measuring and protection of MV medium voltages with up to 2 secondary windings.
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformer : Unearthed Double-Pole Voltage Transformer ABB KGUG
ABB KGUG voltage transformer for medium voltage systems has all parts of its primary winding, including terminals, insulated from the earth at a level corresponding to its rated insulation level. ABB KGUG voltage, double-pole insulated transformers are casted in epoxy resin and designed mostly for insulation voltages of 24kV to 36kV.
ABB KGUG Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer Double Pole ABB TDC
ABB TDC voltage transformer for medium voltage systems has all parts of its primary winding, including terminals, insulated from the earth at a level corresponding to its rated insulation level . Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage (MV) transformer for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings.
ABB TDC Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Indoor Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer ABB TJP
ABB TJP voltage transformer is a single phase voltage transformer which is intended to have one end of its primary winding directly earthed. Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage transformer for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings. With or without fuses. Most electrical standards available. Reconnectable MV medium voltage versions available.
ABB TJP Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Indoor Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer Single Pole ABB KGUGI
ABB KGUGI voltage transformer is 36kV indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage transformers for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings. With or without fuses. Most electrical standards available. Reconnectable versions available.
ABB KGUGI Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Indoor Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer Single Pole ABB TJC
ABB TJC is a single phase voltage transformer which is intended to have one end of its primary winding directly earthed. Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage transformer for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings. With or without fuses. Most electrical standards available. Reconnectable MV medium voltage versions available.
ABB LV Low Voltage Surge Arresters
ABB LOVOS-5 ABB LOVOS-10
ABB Surge Arresters for Low Voltage Overhead Line Protection
ABB low voltage surge arresters LOVOS-5 and LOVOS-10 are a new generation of LV surge arresters ensuring electrical protection of overhead lines, electric energy receivers, distributing transformers and low voltage electrical equipment. Specify and install ABB LOVOS type surge arresters to protect low voltage power equipment from the effects of lightning and switching overvoltages.
ABB low voltage surge arrester types LOVOS-5 and LOVOS-10 selection criteria : continuous operating voltage Uc, voltage protection level Up and energy absorption capability.
Applications for Low Voltage LV Surge Arresters
The ABB LOVOS range provides protection along LV overhead lines, cables, motors, switches, any equipment connected to the line, from the LV side of distribution transformers up to measuring instruments.
Typical places of installation
Low voltage switchgears, distribution transformers (LV side)
Transition points of insulated and uninsulated, overhead and underground lines and cables
Electricity service entrance locations to buildings (in cabinets or at poles)
At junctions (branching])
Every 500 / 1000 m of overhead line in locations of high lightning activity
At the end of dead-end feeder line
At the sealing ends of inserted cables
At any apparatuses connected to secondary voltage source
ABB LOVOS Low Voltage LV Surge Arresters
ABB LOVOS-5 and ABB LOVOS-10 Low Voltage LV Surge Arresters
The principal active element of ABB LV low voltage LOVOS surge arresters is a metal oxide varistor characterised by high non-linearity - at a working voltage mainly a capacity current flows smaller than 1 mA. Any voltage increase causes a large increase of current flowing through the varistor, leading in turn to immediate limitation of further voltage increase on arrester terminals. When the overvoltage disappears, the surge arrester immediately returns to its basic state. Surge arresters are equipped with a disconnecting device, that disconnects the surge arrester from the low voltage electricity network if it becomes damaged as the result of overvoltage of too high energy or inadmissable voltage increase in the system. If such a situation occurs then the bottom terminal of the disconnecting device is rejected by the spring inside - this terminal remains suspended on an insulation leash.
ABB LOVOS-5 and ABB LOVOS-10 LV Surge Arresters - Advantages
Easy assembly and connection of ABB LOVOS surge arresters
Disconnecting device also fulfills function of damage indicator
Large choice of ABB LOVOS surge arrester accessories
Casing resistant to UV radiation, non-flammable
Maintenance free low voltage surge arresters
All surge arrester accessories are made from corrosion-resistant materials
This document provides information on the NodeMCU development board. It is an open source firmware and development kit based on the ESP8266 WiFi chip. The board consists of an ESP-12E module, CP2102 for USB to UART connectivity, and a USB connector. It has 8 digital input/output pins and 1 analog input. The board uses the Lua scripting language and the NodeMCU firmware to program the ESP8266 without recompilation. It is a low-cost and compact option for WiFi development.
The document provides information about ABB's medium voltage V-Contact VSC contactors. It describes the contactors' permanent magnet drive system and vacuum interrupter breaking mechanism. It lists the available contactor versions and their technical specifications, including voltage ratings, short circuit ratings, switching times, and environmental compliance standards. Installation and application information is also provided.
This document summarizes key parts of the international standard IEC 60947-2 for low voltage circuit breakers. It describes the standard's contents and scope, definitions of circuit breaker ratings and characteristics, construction requirements for isolation and testing circuit breakers suitable for isolation. It also summarizes appendices on cascading, residual current devices, circuit breakers with electronic trip units, and ones suitable for isolated neutral systems. The standard defines tests to verify circuit breaker performance and functions under all conditions.
1 residual current circuit breaker (rccb) ( elcb)nikeshdubey
Residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs), also known as ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs), detect ground faults and disconnect power to prevent electric shock. RCCBs use a core balance transformer and relay to sense minor differences in current between live and neutral wires, indicating a ground fault. They provide protection against direct and indirect contact with live parts. RCCBs must disconnect power within 40 milliseconds of detecting a ground fault of 30mA or more, as required by safety regulations. Types are available for domestic, industrial, and commercial applications to protect against electric shocks.
The document provides information on Siemens 3TH30 contactor relays:
1) 3TH30 contactor relays are air break contactors suitable for 10A at 240V AC and 10A at 24V DC that provide reliability and safety in control circuits.
2) They have flexible configurations with up to 8 contacts and mounting options.
3) Features include double break parallel bridge contacts, captive screws, and lugless terminations for improved safety and ease of use.
01. superswitch switch disconnector fuse and din bs fusesangelochintu
The document discusses the Siemens Superswitch 3KL8/3KT8/3KA8 power distribution switch. It has a range from 20A to 1600A and is suitable for applications up to 690V AC. It features self-cleaning moving roller contacts for high reliability over long usage. It also offers high safety, short circuit performance, isolation capabilities, and fuse monitoring options. The Superswitch is designed for applications in industrial and commercial switchboards and motor control centers.
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformers - Voltage Transformers VT's
Up to 40.5kV Medium Voltage MV Indoor Transformers VT's
ABB Power Products
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformers - Voltage Transformer Features
Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated transformers for medium voltages (MV). ABB transformers are suitable for measuring and protection of MV medium voltages with up to 2 secondary windings.
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformer : Unearthed Double-Pole Voltage Transformer ABB KGUG
ABB KGUG voltage transformer for medium voltage systems has all parts of its primary winding, including terminals, insulated from the earth at a level corresponding to its rated insulation level. ABB KGUG voltage, double-pole insulated transformers are casted in epoxy resin and designed mostly for insulation voltages of 24kV to 36kV.
ABB KGUG Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Medium Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer Double Pole ABB TDC
ABB TDC voltage transformer for medium voltage systems has all parts of its primary winding, including terminals, insulated from the earth at a level corresponding to its rated insulation level . Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage (MV) transformer for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings.
ABB TDC Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Indoor Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer ABB TJP
ABB TJP voltage transformer is a single phase voltage transformer which is intended to have one end of its primary winding directly earthed. Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage transformer for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings. With or without fuses. Most electrical standards available. Reconnectable MV medium voltage versions available.
ABB TJP Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Indoor Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer Single Pole ABB KGUGI
ABB KGUGI voltage transformer is 36kV indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage transformers for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings. With or without fuses. Most electrical standards available. Reconnectable versions available.
ABB KGUGI Voltage Transformer
ABB MV Indoor Voltage Transformer : Indoor Voltage Transformer Single Pole ABB TJC
ABB TJC is a single phase voltage transformer which is intended to have one end of its primary winding directly earthed. Indoor dry type, cast resin insulated medium voltage transformer for measuring and protection with up to 2 secondary windings. With or without fuses. Most electrical standards available. Reconnectable MV medium voltage versions available.
ABB LV Low Voltage Surge Arresters
ABB LOVOS-5 ABB LOVOS-10
ABB Surge Arresters for Low Voltage Overhead Line Protection
ABB low voltage surge arresters LOVOS-5 and LOVOS-10 are a new generation of LV surge arresters ensuring electrical protection of overhead lines, electric energy receivers, distributing transformers and low voltage electrical equipment. Specify and install ABB LOVOS type surge arresters to protect low voltage power equipment from the effects of lightning and switching overvoltages.
ABB low voltage surge arrester types LOVOS-5 and LOVOS-10 selection criteria : continuous operating voltage Uc, voltage protection level Up and energy absorption capability.
Applications for Low Voltage LV Surge Arresters
The ABB LOVOS range provides protection along LV overhead lines, cables, motors, switches, any equipment connected to the line, from the LV side of distribution transformers up to measuring instruments.
Typical places of installation
Low voltage switchgears, distribution transformers (LV side)
Transition points of insulated and uninsulated, overhead and underground lines and cables
Electricity service entrance locations to buildings (in cabinets or at poles)
At junctions (branching])
Every 500 / 1000 m of overhead line in locations of high lightning activity
At the end of dead-end feeder line
At the sealing ends of inserted cables
At any apparatuses connected to secondary voltage source
ABB LOVOS Low Voltage LV Surge Arresters
ABB LOVOS-5 and ABB LOVOS-10 Low Voltage LV Surge Arresters
The principal active element of ABB LV low voltage LOVOS surge arresters is a metal oxide varistor characterised by high non-linearity - at a working voltage mainly a capacity current flows smaller than 1 mA. Any voltage increase causes a large increase of current flowing through the varistor, leading in turn to immediate limitation of further voltage increase on arrester terminals. When the overvoltage disappears, the surge arrester immediately returns to its basic state. Surge arresters are equipped with a disconnecting device, that disconnects the surge arrester from the low voltage electricity network if it becomes damaged as the result of overvoltage of too high energy or inadmissable voltage increase in the system. If such a situation occurs then the bottom terminal of the disconnecting device is rejected by the spring inside - this terminal remains suspended on an insulation leash.
ABB LOVOS-5 and ABB LOVOS-10 LV Surge Arresters - Advantages
Easy assembly and connection of ABB LOVOS surge arresters
Disconnecting device also fulfills function of damage indicator
Large choice of ABB LOVOS surge arrester accessories
Casing resistant to UV radiation, non-flammable
Maintenance free low voltage surge arresters
All surge arrester accessories are made from corrosion-resistant materials
This document provides information on the NodeMCU development board. It is an open source firmware and development kit based on the ESP8266 WiFi chip. The board consists of an ESP-12E module, CP2102 for USB to UART connectivity, and a USB connector. It has 8 digital input/output pins and 1 analog input. The board uses the Lua scripting language and the NodeMCU firmware to program the ESP8266 without recompilation. It is a low-cost and compact option for WiFi development.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document provides guidance on designing medium voltage switchgear. It discusses key considerations like voltage, current, frequency, and switchgear functions. It also covers short-circuit power calculations, determining short-circuit currents from transformers, generators and motors. Guidelines are provided on busbar calculations for thermal withstand, electrodynamic withstand and intrinsic resonant frequency. Other topics include dielectric withstand, part shapes and distances, and protection indexes. The document aims to provide design rules and calculation methods to help engineers properly size and select equipment for medium voltage switchboards.
This document describes an anti-bag snatching alarm circuit designed to prevent theft. The circuit uses an operational amplifier configured as a comparator to detect when a mono plug is detached from the circuit, activating a timer and alarm tone generator. A transistor amplifies the alarm tone to a loudspeaker. It operates on a 9V battery and produces a loud siren noise to draw attention if anyone attempts to snatch the bag containing the circuit. The document provides details on the components, working principle, applications and advantages of using this simple, low-cost anti-theft alarm system.
The NCP1032 is an integrated circuit that can be used to implement switching regulator applications with minimal external components. It contains all the active power control logic and protection circuitry needed, including an on-chip high voltage power switch, startup circuit, fixed frequency oscillator up to 1 MHz, and current limit, soft start, and thermal protection features. It is well-suited for applications requiring up to 3W output in isolated power supplies for telecom and medical equipment.
MPFIM4, Residual Current Devices for earth leakage detection. It is to be used in association with miniature circuit breakers, its function is to detect earth leakage current and open the connected circuit to protect people and equipment, major used in industrial application. These devices are designed to meet the Earth Leakage Protection Standards of the IEC: IEC/EN 61008.
This document discusses thyristor devices, specifically silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs). It describes the basic structure and operation of SCRs, including how they are turned on through their gate and turned off by reducing their anode current. The document outlines various ratings of SCRs such as current, voltage, and switching ratings. It also discusses how SCRs can be connected in series and parallel and describes different gate triggering and commutation circuits used to control SCR operation. Finally, it briefly introduces some other types of thyristor devices.
This document provides guidance on selecting personal protective equipment (PPE) for various electrical work tasks. It includes the following:
- Table 130.7(C)(9) outlines hazard/risk categories for different tasks on energized equipment, ranging from panelboards to switchgear. The table considers factors like voltage, fault current, and clearing time to determine the category.
- Table 130.7(C)(10) specifies the required PPE, including rubber insulating gloves, insulating hand tools, protective clothing etc. based on the hazard/risk category determined in the previous table.
- Notes provide additional guidance, such as on fault currents and clearing times for different voltage classes, and indicate that PPE is
A DC-6 GHz, Packaged 100 Watt GaN SPDT Switch MMICSushil Kumar
This document summarizes the development of a DC-6 GHz, 100 Watt GaN SPDT switch MMIC. Key features include insertion loss less than 0.8 dB, isolation over 30 dB, and pulsed power handling over 126 W. The switch is fabricated using GaN HEMT technology on SiC substrate and packaged in a 5x5 QFN plastic package. Measurement results show the switch meets design goals and outperforms other reported GaN switches in terms of power handling, loss, isolation, and switching speed.
The diode allows current to pass in one direction only. It is used as a rectifier in power supplies to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). The diode uses a single P-N junction made of semiconductor material. The zener diode can operate in reverse bias and maintains a stable voltage, making it useful for voltage regulation and reference circuits. Diodes come in different package styles and are identified by alphanumeric codes and cathode markings.
The document discusses thyristor devices, specifically the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). It provides details on the basic structure and operation of SCRs, including:
- SCRs can control large amounts of power using low control power
- SCRs have four layers and include the gate, anode, and cathode
- SCRs are turned on by a positive gate signal when the anode is positive relative to the cathode
- Once on, the SCR stays on even after the gate signal is removed as long as the anode current is above the holding current
- SCRs have various ratings for currents, voltages, switching speeds, and gate parameters that determine their applications
- Circuits
DS-00593-14-XTR70020-High-temperature, High Input Voltage, 2A Positive LDO Re...Benjamin Parpillon
This document describes the XTR70020 high-temperature, high input voltage, 2A positive LDO regulator from X-REL Semiconductor. Key features include an operating temperature range of -60°C to +230°C, input voltages from 3V to 30V, output voltages from 0.6V to 30V, and high output current of 1A at 230°C with 0.63V dropout or 2A at 230°C with 1.4V dropout. It includes overcurrent protection, thermal shutdown protection, and UVLO protection. Intended applications include automotive, aerospace, downhole tools, and high-efficiency power supplies. The document provides details on the various package and pin options and
Design of Memory Cell for Low Power ApplicationsIJERA Editor
Aggressive CMOS scaling results in lower threshold voltage and thin oxide thickness for transistors manufactured in nano regime. As a result, reducing the sub-threshold and tunneling gate leakage currents has become crucial in the design of ICs. This paper presents a new method to reduce the total leakage power dissipation of static random access memories (SRAMs) while maintaining their performance.
The document describes the LM6171 high speed low power low distortion voltage feedback amplifier. Key features include:
- Unity-gain bandwidth of 100 MHz and slew rate of 3600V/μs while consuming only 2.5 mA of supply current.
- Specified for operation with supply voltages of ±15V and ±5V.
- Built on National's advanced VIPTM III complementary bipolar process.
- Suitable for applications such as video amplifiers, line drivers, ADC/DAC buffers, and instrumentation amplifiers.
The document summarizes the results of two experiments conducted to identify various types of fuse sets and measure fuse wire sizes.
In the first experiment, various fuse sets were identified including HRC, DO, 33KV fuse sets. HRC fuses use ceramic bodies and powder fillings to reduce arcs. DO fuses use fiberglass tubes and have lower melting points. Horn gap fuses are outdoor mounted for transformers.
The second experiment measured fuse wire gauges using an SWG table to determine current ratings. Fuse wires of various gauges were measured and their current ratings according to standards were recorded.
This document provides specifications for the RS-35 series of 35W single output switching power supplies. It lists 6 models that provide different output voltages ranging from 3.3V to 48V. The power supplies have universal AC input, short circuit and overvoltage protections, and provide well-regulated output voltage with low ripple. Key specifications like output power, current, efficiency and dimensions are provided for each model.
Radio Interference Suppression Capacitors and FiltersMinka Grdesic
This document provides information on radio interference suppression components made by Iskra, including:
- Descriptions of different types of capacitors and RC combinations used for suppression.
- Definitions of key terms like rated voltage, insertion loss, and category temperature range.
- An explanation of how capacitors and filters suppress radio interference by representing an impedance to higher frequencies.
- Notes on special working conditions and limited product liability for the components.
- An example of how to properly order interference suppression components, including required specifications.
The TPS6223X device family is a high frequency synchronous step down DC-DC converter optimized for battery powered portable applications. It supports up to 500mA output current and allows the use of tiny and low cost chip inductors and capacitors. With a wide input voltage range of 2.05V to 6V the device supports applications powered by Li-Ion batteries with extended voltage range. The minimum input voltage of 2.05V allows as well the operation from Li-primary or two alkaline batteries. Different fixed output voltage versions are available from 1.0V to 3.3V.
This document provides technical data on LV switchgear products from Alfanar including:
- Circuit breakers from Teraski for applications up to 6300A with short circuit ratings of 100kA/1s or 50kA/3s.
- MCCBs and MCBs from Teraski for applications up to 1600A and 125A respectively.
- Switchboards can be designed to IEC 61439-2 standards with IP65 protection, internal arc testing up to 65kA, and seismic withstand of 8 on the Richter scale.
Light Triggering Thyristor for HVDC and other ApplicationsIDES Editor
High-power thyristors with direct light –triggering
and integrated protection functions can be utilized
advantageously for applications in which several thyristors are
connected in series. This applies in particular to High-Voltage
DC (HVDC) transmission, Static Var Compensation (SVC),
converters for medium voltage drives, and also to certain pulse
power applications. Recent progress in both device innovations
and optimization of some application systems is reviewed in
this article.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document provides guidance on designing medium voltage switchgear. It discusses key considerations like voltage, current, frequency, and switchgear functions. It also covers short-circuit power calculations, determining short-circuit currents from transformers, generators and motors. Guidelines are provided on busbar calculations for thermal withstand, electrodynamic withstand and intrinsic resonant frequency. Other topics include dielectric withstand, part shapes and distances, and protection indexes. The document aims to provide design rules and calculation methods to help engineers properly size and select equipment for medium voltage switchboards.
This document describes an anti-bag snatching alarm circuit designed to prevent theft. The circuit uses an operational amplifier configured as a comparator to detect when a mono plug is detached from the circuit, activating a timer and alarm tone generator. A transistor amplifies the alarm tone to a loudspeaker. It operates on a 9V battery and produces a loud siren noise to draw attention if anyone attempts to snatch the bag containing the circuit. The document provides details on the components, working principle, applications and advantages of using this simple, low-cost anti-theft alarm system.
The NCP1032 is an integrated circuit that can be used to implement switching regulator applications with minimal external components. It contains all the active power control logic and protection circuitry needed, including an on-chip high voltage power switch, startup circuit, fixed frequency oscillator up to 1 MHz, and current limit, soft start, and thermal protection features. It is well-suited for applications requiring up to 3W output in isolated power supplies for telecom and medical equipment.
MPFIM4, Residual Current Devices for earth leakage detection. It is to be used in association with miniature circuit breakers, its function is to detect earth leakage current and open the connected circuit to protect people and equipment, major used in industrial application. These devices are designed to meet the Earth Leakage Protection Standards of the IEC: IEC/EN 61008.
This document discusses thyristor devices, specifically silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs). It describes the basic structure and operation of SCRs, including how they are turned on through their gate and turned off by reducing their anode current. The document outlines various ratings of SCRs such as current, voltage, and switching ratings. It also discusses how SCRs can be connected in series and parallel and describes different gate triggering and commutation circuits used to control SCR operation. Finally, it briefly introduces some other types of thyristor devices.
This document provides guidance on selecting personal protective equipment (PPE) for various electrical work tasks. It includes the following:
- Table 130.7(C)(9) outlines hazard/risk categories for different tasks on energized equipment, ranging from panelboards to switchgear. The table considers factors like voltage, fault current, and clearing time to determine the category.
- Table 130.7(C)(10) specifies the required PPE, including rubber insulating gloves, insulating hand tools, protective clothing etc. based on the hazard/risk category determined in the previous table.
- Notes provide additional guidance, such as on fault currents and clearing times for different voltage classes, and indicate that PPE is
A DC-6 GHz, Packaged 100 Watt GaN SPDT Switch MMICSushil Kumar
This document summarizes the development of a DC-6 GHz, 100 Watt GaN SPDT switch MMIC. Key features include insertion loss less than 0.8 dB, isolation over 30 dB, and pulsed power handling over 126 W. The switch is fabricated using GaN HEMT technology on SiC substrate and packaged in a 5x5 QFN plastic package. Measurement results show the switch meets design goals and outperforms other reported GaN switches in terms of power handling, loss, isolation, and switching speed.
The diode allows current to pass in one direction only. It is used as a rectifier in power supplies to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). The diode uses a single P-N junction made of semiconductor material. The zener diode can operate in reverse bias and maintains a stable voltage, making it useful for voltage regulation and reference circuits. Diodes come in different package styles and are identified by alphanumeric codes and cathode markings.
The document discusses thyristor devices, specifically the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). It provides details on the basic structure and operation of SCRs, including:
- SCRs can control large amounts of power using low control power
- SCRs have four layers and include the gate, anode, and cathode
- SCRs are turned on by a positive gate signal when the anode is positive relative to the cathode
- Once on, the SCR stays on even after the gate signal is removed as long as the anode current is above the holding current
- SCRs have various ratings for currents, voltages, switching speeds, and gate parameters that determine their applications
- Circuits
DS-00593-14-XTR70020-High-temperature, High Input Voltage, 2A Positive LDO Re...Benjamin Parpillon
This document describes the XTR70020 high-temperature, high input voltage, 2A positive LDO regulator from X-REL Semiconductor. Key features include an operating temperature range of -60°C to +230°C, input voltages from 3V to 30V, output voltages from 0.6V to 30V, and high output current of 1A at 230°C with 0.63V dropout or 2A at 230°C with 1.4V dropout. It includes overcurrent protection, thermal shutdown protection, and UVLO protection. Intended applications include automotive, aerospace, downhole tools, and high-efficiency power supplies. The document provides details on the various package and pin options and
Design of Memory Cell for Low Power ApplicationsIJERA Editor
Aggressive CMOS scaling results in lower threshold voltage and thin oxide thickness for transistors manufactured in nano regime. As a result, reducing the sub-threshold and tunneling gate leakage currents has become crucial in the design of ICs. This paper presents a new method to reduce the total leakage power dissipation of static random access memories (SRAMs) while maintaining their performance.
The document describes the LM6171 high speed low power low distortion voltage feedback amplifier. Key features include:
- Unity-gain bandwidth of 100 MHz and slew rate of 3600V/μs while consuming only 2.5 mA of supply current.
- Specified for operation with supply voltages of ±15V and ±5V.
- Built on National's advanced VIPTM III complementary bipolar process.
- Suitable for applications such as video amplifiers, line drivers, ADC/DAC buffers, and instrumentation amplifiers.
The document summarizes the results of two experiments conducted to identify various types of fuse sets and measure fuse wire sizes.
In the first experiment, various fuse sets were identified including HRC, DO, 33KV fuse sets. HRC fuses use ceramic bodies and powder fillings to reduce arcs. DO fuses use fiberglass tubes and have lower melting points. Horn gap fuses are outdoor mounted for transformers.
The second experiment measured fuse wire gauges using an SWG table to determine current ratings. Fuse wires of various gauges were measured and their current ratings according to standards were recorded.
This document provides specifications for the RS-35 series of 35W single output switching power supplies. It lists 6 models that provide different output voltages ranging from 3.3V to 48V. The power supplies have universal AC input, short circuit and overvoltage protections, and provide well-regulated output voltage with low ripple. Key specifications like output power, current, efficiency and dimensions are provided for each model.
Radio Interference Suppression Capacitors and FiltersMinka Grdesic
This document provides information on radio interference suppression components made by Iskra, including:
- Descriptions of different types of capacitors and RC combinations used for suppression.
- Definitions of key terms like rated voltage, insertion loss, and category temperature range.
- An explanation of how capacitors and filters suppress radio interference by representing an impedance to higher frequencies.
- Notes on special working conditions and limited product liability for the components.
- An example of how to properly order interference suppression components, including required specifications.
The TPS6223X device family is a high frequency synchronous step down DC-DC converter optimized for battery powered portable applications. It supports up to 500mA output current and allows the use of tiny and low cost chip inductors and capacitors. With a wide input voltage range of 2.05V to 6V the device supports applications powered by Li-Ion batteries with extended voltage range. The minimum input voltage of 2.05V allows as well the operation from Li-primary or two alkaline batteries. Different fixed output voltage versions are available from 1.0V to 3.3V.
This document provides technical data on LV switchgear products from Alfanar including:
- Circuit breakers from Teraski for applications up to 6300A with short circuit ratings of 100kA/1s or 50kA/3s.
- MCCBs and MCBs from Teraski for applications up to 1600A and 125A respectively.
- Switchboards can be designed to IEC 61439-2 standards with IP65 protection, internal arc testing up to 65kA, and seismic withstand of 8 on the Richter scale.
Light Triggering Thyristor for HVDC and other ApplicationsIDES Editor
High-power thyristors with direct light –triggering
and integrated protection functions can be utilized
advantageously for applications in which several thyristors are
connected in series. This applies in particular to High-Voltage
DC (HVDC) transmission, Static Var Compensation (SVC),
converters for medium voltage drives, and also to certain pulse
power applications. Recent progress in both device innovations
and optimization of some application systems is reviewed in
this article.
This document provides information on Series datar miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) and earth leakage circuit breakers (ELCBs). It discusses the features, technical specifications, applications, standards, ordering procedures and diagrams of MCBs and ELCBs. The key points covered are the salient features of MCBs including current limiting design, trip-free mechanism, and padlocking facility. It also describes the tripping characteristics of B, C and D type MCBs and their applications. For ELCBs, it highlights their current-operated mechanism, neutral advance mechanism, and protection from electric shocks.
Calculation and comparison of circuit breaker parameters in Power World Simul...IJERA Editor
A circuit breaker has ratings that an engineer uses for their application. These ratings define circuit breaker
performance characteristics. A good understanding of Ratings allow the electrical engineer to make a proper
comparison of various circuit breaker designs.
In this research work, the different ratings of circuit breaker were calculated. The other objective of this work
was comparison between ratings of existing circuit breaker and calculated ratings in POWER WORLD
SIMULATOR. Further, the impact of time delay in circuit breaker was studied. These calculations were
performed for rated current of 400 & 630 Amps. The results performed in POWER WORLD SIMULATOR
were shown better and information gained from the analysis can be used for proper relay selection, settings,
performances and coordination.
Calculation and comparison of circuit breaker parameters in Power World Simul...IJERA Editor
A circuit breaker has ratings that an engineer uses for their application. These ratings define circuit breaker
performance characteristics. A good understanding of Ratings allow the electrical engineer to make a proper
comparison of various circuit breaker designs.
In this research work, the different ratings of circuit breaker were calculated. The other objective of this work
was comparison between ratings of existing circuit breaker and calculated ratings in POWER WORLD
SIMULATOR. Further, the impact of time delay in circuit breaker was studied. These calculations were
performed for rated current of 400 & 630 Amps. The results performed in POWER WORLD SIMULATOR
were shown better and information gained from the analysis can be used for proper relay selection, settings,
performances and coordination.
The document provides information on Siemens 3TH30 contactor relays:
1) The 3TH30 contactor relays offer reliability and safety for control circuits and satisfy criteria for switching and signaling applications.
2) They are available with flexible contact configurations from 4 to 8 contacts and can be mounted on DIN rails or with screws.
3) The 3TH30 contactor relays provide long life through superior design and high reliability through features like a double break parallel bridge contact mechanism.
This document provides information about various electrical components including MCCB, air circuit breaker, control gear, capacitor, load bank, and testing procedures. It discusses MCCBs, including types (G-frame, A-frame, etc.), testing procedures for thermal, magnetic, trip/not trip, and mechanical endurance testing. Information is also given on air circuit breakers, contactors, thermal overload relays, capacitors, load banks, APFC panels, busbar chambers, and MCCB enclosures.
CIRCUIT BREAKER
A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue electrical flow. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.
01. superswitch switch disconnector fuse and din bs fusesangeloneha
The document provides information on the Superswitch 3KL8, 3KT8, and 3KA8 product lines from Siemens.
The Superswitch lines include switch disconnectors and fuses from 20A to 1600A that are suitable for applications up to 690V AC. They feature unique positive isolation indicators, high short circuit ratings, long electrical life due to roller contact systems, and fuse monitoring capabilities.
The switches find application in industrial and building switchboards as well as motor control centers. They provide protection, switching, and isolation in low voltage power distribution and motor circuits.
This technical data sheet provides specifications and options for an industrial generator. It includes:
1) Details on the voltage regulators, windings, terminals, shaft, insulation, and quality assurance.
2) Ratings for the generator including voltage configurations, kVA ratings, efficiencies, and reactance values.
3) Curves showing efficiency, locked rotor starting, and short circuit performance.
This document provides an introduction to medium voltage (MV) equipment, including key concepts such as:
- Voltage levels including operating voltage, rated voltage, insulation levels, and derating factors
- Current levels including operating current, short circuit current, and thermal withstand current
- Frequency standards of 50Hz and 60Hz
- Types of MV switchgear including air insulated switchgear, metal enclosed, compartmented, and block types
- Standards that MV switchgear must comply with such as IEC 62271
- Main functions of switchgear including protection, isolation, and control
- Comparison of SF6 and vacuum circuit breaker technologies
The document concisely covers the essential electrical concepts and specifications
The document discusses medium voltage (MV) switchgear panels and sub-main distribution boards. It provides details on MV panel components, tests conducted, and protection against short circuits and direct/indirect contact. It also includes dimensional details and breaker information for Mirage sub-main distribution boards in 250A, 400A, and 630A sizes. Single-line diagrams and examples show potential layouts and component selection for MV panel construction.
This technical data sheet provides specifications and performance details for the UCI224E industrial generator. Some key points:
- The generator meets various international standards for windings, voltage regulation, and other electrical performance. Windings are wound in a two-thirds pitch to eliminate harmonics.
- Several automatic voltage regulator (AVR) options are available to provide voltage regulation, including separately excited and self-excited systems.
- Terminals and a terminal box allow for customer wiring. The generator is designed for low vibration and balanced rotor.
- Efficiency and performance curves are provided showing voltage regulation, efficiency at varying loads, and short circuit characteristics.
- Ratings are provided for continuous duty
The document discusses various components of low voltage switchgear used in electrical installations, including:
- Switch fuse units, miniature circuit breakers, earth leakage circuit breakers, molded case circuit breakers, and air circuit breakers.
- It describes the working and construction of fuses, MCBs, MCCBs, ELCBs, and air circuit breakers.
- The key components and operating mechanisms that provide overload and short circuit protection in low voltage electrical distribution systems are explained.
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated switch that protects electrical circuits from damage caused by overload or short circuit. It detects faults and interrupts the electrical current to prevent damage. Unlike fuses, circuit breakers can be reset to resume operation after tripping. There are many types for different voltage applications, from small household breakers to large high voltage breakers that protect power grids. They operate by detecting faults, using mechanisms like springs or compressed air to quickly open contacts and interrupt the current, and different techniques to extinguish any electric arc formed upon opening.
The document discusses residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) that provide protection against earth faults and leakage currents. It lists various RCCB models that comply with IEC 61008 standards and have ratings up to 125A and 630A breaking capacity. The document provides details on RCCB construction, features, technical specifications, wiring diagrams, and dimensions for installation. It describes how RCCBs automatically disconnect circuits when earth faults exceed their rated sensitivity levels.
TONGOU Electrical is a leading Chinese manufacturer and exporter of modular electric terminal devices for household, commercial, industrial, and similar installations. It produces a wide range of products including miniature circuit breakers, residual current circuit breakers, moulded case circuit breakers, air circuit breakers, contactors, and more. TONGOU prides itself on innovative design, excellent craftsmanship, and high reliability. It has obtained certifications from international organizations and supplies products globally.
TONGOU Electrical is a leading Chinese manufacturer and exporter of modular electric terminal devices for household, commercial, industrial, and similar installations. It produces a wide range of products including miniature circuit breakers, residual current circuit breakers, moulded case circuit breakers, air circuit breakers, contactors, and more. TONGOU prides itself on innovative design, excellent craftsmanship, and high reliability. It has obtained certifications from international organizations and supplies products globally.
Numerical analysis of short circuit testing & verification of a MCCB.Rajeev Kumar Raj
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on numerical analysis of short circuit testing and verification of molded case circuit breakers (MCCBs). It discusses the need for protection systems, types of faults, MCCB components and testing, short circuit current calculation methods, and test results. The presentation covers minimum electric shock levels, MCCB construction, standard tests including temperature rise and breaking capacity tests, and concludes that product testing improves quality and provides technical comparison data.
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“Magnus Fitness World” counted amidst the renowned firms which are engaged in trading and supplying of quality-assured Gym & Sports Equipment. We are providing a wide range of this fitness equipment which includes Motorized Treadmill, Cross Elliptical Trainer, Exercise Bike, Manual Jogger, Home Gym Equipment, Gym Stepper, Gym Rower, Strength Equipment, Fitness Accessories, Sports Racket and Cardio Sports Watch. All these equipment are sourced from some of the reputed vendors who used ultra-grade components, raw material and tools to manufacture these products.
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We have successfully completed the Reaccreditation of QCI NABET in Categoery A to carry out Geological and Hydro-geological Studies for various developemental activities like Mining, Thermal Power Plants, Township etc,
Headhunt Management Consultant is a well-known staffing agency in Central India established in 1998. It is managed by experienced professionals and has 4 staff members. The agency receives job requirements from clients, searches its database and conducts preliminary interviews to identify suitable candidates. If a candidate is deemed suitable, their resume is forwarded to the client. If the client is satisfied, the agency will arrange an interview. The agency's main focus is providing candidates for cement plants due to its advisor's experience in the cement industry. It has various large companies as clients and expects clients to provide clear job descriptions to help identify the best candidates.
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Alpha Engineering Equipments was established in 1992. We are a leading trader, supplier and exporter of Surveying and Testing Equipment in Nagpur. Our range finds extensive application in accurately identifying angles, elevation and direction, and assessing bitumen, cement and soil. Apart from these, the range can also be used to test metals, concrete, tar, fuel, rubber, leather.
Alpha Engineering Equipments was established in 1992. We are a leading trader, supplier and exporter of Surveying and Testing Equipment in Nagpur. Our range finds extensive application in accurately identifying angles, elevation and direction, and assessing bitumen, cement and soil. Apart from these, the range can also be used to test metals, concrete, tar, fuel, rubber, leather.
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Alpha Engineering Equipments was established in 1992. We are a leading trader, supplier and exporter of Surveying and Testing Equipment in Nagpur. Our range finds extensive application in accurately identifying angles, elevation and direction, and assessing bitumen, cement and soil. Apart from these, the range can also be used to test metals, concrete, tar, fuel, rubber, leather.
Alpha Engineering Equipments was established in 1992. We are a leading trader, supplier and exporter of Surveying and Testing Equipment in Nagpur. Our range finds extensive application in accurately identifying angles, elevation and direction, and assessing bitumen, cement and soil. Apart from these, the range can also be used to test metals, concrete, tar, fuel, rubber, leather.
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In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
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Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
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• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
2. Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) : Type 5SX4
General
Betagard 5SX4 range of MCBs
have rated breaking capacity of
10kA. They comply to the latest
national and international
standards, with current ratings
from 0.5A to 63A.
For applications in industry and
in system and plant
engineering, add-on
accessories are available, such
as auxiliary contacts (AC), fault-
signal contacts (FC) and shunt
trips (ST).
Short circuit operation
At high values of overcurrent
(i.e. short circuit current) a
plunger in the solenoid is
moved with sufficient force to
physically separate the is between 3 to 5 milliseconds. Standards • Finger Touch Proof
contacts. The greater the short The energy let through (I²t) of Terminals, provide
According to IS 8828 (1996),
circuit current, the greater the the device is kept to a installation safety.
IEC 60898 (1995), VDE 0641/
force with which the plunger is minimum thus offering a very 6.78. • Totally safe and dependable
moved and faster the circuit is high degree of protection. - computer calibrated
disconnected. A secondary Features at a glance testing.
action will ensure that the Current limiting class 3 • Recessed ON – OFF lever
• Current limiting class 3 type
circuit breaker mechanism is 5SX4 type MCBs significantly ensuring no accidental
breakers.
limit the let-through current operation.
• “C” / “D” tripping
(when a fault occurs) due to
characteristics. • Combined terminals allow
the ultra – fast contact
• Service life : Average 20,000 busbar and feeder cable to
separation and the quick
operations at rated load. be simultaneously
quenching of the emergency
connected.
arc in the chamber. Thus, • Suitable for AC and DC
generally, they fall below the circuits. • ON-OFF Lever sealable in
permissible limiting I²t values ON and OFF position.
• Wide range of Add on
of the energy limiting class 3, accessories. • Can be mounted in any
specified in DIN VDE 0641 Part position.
• Trip Free mechanism.
II by 50%. This guarantees
excellent discrimination with • Better selectivity.
the upstream protective devices
and reduces the thermal stress Current Limiting Class
on the downstream connected Rated Current
according to EN 60898
tripped and prevents the equipments.
contacts from reclosing. It is 1 2 3
Chart indicates the let through
the rapid speed with which the
energy values of 10kA, 16A
contacts are forced apart 16 A Permissible let-through I²t (A²S)
MCB according to EN 60898.
coupled with other features of
MCBs, which provides the This MCB (16Amps) will allow No limit 2,90,000 84,000
Current limiting capability and only 50% of 84,000 (A²S) let-
safe interruption up to 10,000A. through energy thereby
The rapid speed at which the reducing thermal stress to bare
contacts are parted prevents minimum value on the
the fault current from reaching downstream equipment.
its prospective value. The arc As these MCBs meet the
drawn between the contacts is requirements of current
moved by magnetic forces into limiting class 3, according to
the multiple plate arc chamber EN 60898 without difficulty,
where the arc is split, rapidly they are therefore marked with
cooled and extinguished. The symbol 10000
total operating time of the MCB 3
2
3. Rated Breaking Capacity :
As per IEC
60898 / IS 8828 As per IEC 60947-2 As per UL 489
Rated 1P, 2P, 3P, 4P 1P 2P, 3P, 4P 1P, 2P, 3P, 4P 1P, 2P, 3P, 4P
Current In (A) 230V AC, 415V 230V AC 230V AC, 415 AC, 415 AC,
Icn (kA) Icn (kA) Icn (kA) Icn (kA) Icn (kA)
5SX4 0.5 - 6 10 50 50 50 50
10 - 20 10 25 30 25 50
25 - 32 10 20 25 20 50
40 - 63 10 10 15 10 –
‘C’ Characteristics capacitive loads including most up to 5 times In, (rated current) operating limits (for short-
‘C’ characteristics MCBs are motor and fluorescent lighting and can hence be used to best circuit operations) are between
used for protection of electrical loads. advantage for handling higher 5 and 10 times the rated
circuits in general and are most This characteristic allows inrush currents e.g. lamps, current (In) of MCB. For
widely used because of its applying loads having high motors, etc. Under ‘C’ example the instantaneous
suitability for practically all peak currents without requiring characteristics, the magnetic mechanism of a 10A MCB will
electrical circuits, cable and the MCB to be oversized. In
line protection. They are fact, thanks to this Number 1 2 ... 3 4 ... 6 >7
capable of supplying the characteristic, it is possible to
apply loads with peak currents Correction factor K 1.00 0.90 0.88 0.85
majority of inductive and
Tripping Characteristics : C Tripping Characteristics : D
3
4. operate between 50A and Frequency Variation ensure correct sizing of the current, which should, where
100A in an overcurrent MCBs may be used up to their device wherein high inrush possible, provide selectivity.
situation. The thermal normal voltage rating on currents are prevailing. Selectivity means, that in the
operating limits (for overload 400Hz supplies; however the This characteristics allows to event of a fault, only the
operation) are between 1.13 magnetic tripping characteristic use in a high in rush current protective device in the vicinity
and 1.45 of the rated current must be increased by 30% (e.g. circuits without requiring the of the fault trips. Thus, parallel
(In) of the MCB. Type ‘C’ MCB with magnetic MCB to be over sized. current paths can continue to
characteristics between 5 and D characteristics MCB shall provide the necessary power.
Effect of Higher Operating
10 times the rated current take the in rush current with For MCBs with upstream fuses,
Voltages would become between 6.5 peak up to 10 times In, (Rated the selectivity limit essentially
Betagard MCB is designed to and 13 times rated current. current) and can be used best depends on the current limits
operate at 240/415V, 50Hz. advantage for handling much and tripping characteristics of
However the device can Effect of temperature on higher in rush circuits the MCB as well as on the pre-
operate at 480V, 50Hz with a tripping characteristics : eg: Switching solenoids/ arcing I²t value of the fuse.
reduction in breaking capacity Betagard MCBs are designed to capacitor banks/transformers Therefore, MCBs with different
of 50%. meet the requirements of IS etc. characteristics and rated
8828 / IEC 60898 for tripping Under D characteristics, the breaking capacities also have
DC Operation different selectivity limits. The
performance at ambient magnetic operating limits (for
Single pole MCBs can be used temperature 30°C. At other subsequent tables show the
short circuit operations) are
up to 60V DC and double pole operating temperature the currents up to which selectivity
between 10 to 20 times the
up to 110V DC. overload tripping band is is provided between MCBs and
rated current of MCB.
However, they should not be modified by approximately 5% upstream fuses according to
For example the instantaneous DIN VDE 0636 Part 21. The
used below 18V DC. Though per 10° kelvin temperature
mechanism of 10A MCB will values specified in kA are limit
the thermal operation is difference, which increases for
operate between 100A and values which have been
delayed but this is negligible. lower and decreases for higher
200A in an over current determined under unfavourable
The instantaneous tripping temperatures than 30°C.
situation. test conditions. In practice,
characteristic must be
increased by 40% (e.g. a Type “D” Characteristics better values can be obtained,
Selectivity of miniature
‘C’ MCB has a magnetic tripping D characteristics MCBs are depending on the type of the
circuit-breakers/fuses upstream fuse.
characteristic between 5 and used for protection of electrical
10 times the rated current. This circuits involving significant Generally, distribution networks In the event of a short circuit,
magnetic tripping characteristic inrush currents like solenoid are configured as radial when using the 5SX4, MCBs
would therefore become valves, capacitor banks, networks. An overcurrent device and fuses according to DIN VDE
between 7 and 14 times the transformers, etc. must be provided at each 0636 Part 21, Selectivity is
rated current. reduction of the conductor cross provided up to the indicated
The main use of D section. This results in a cascade
characteristics MCBs is to values in kA.
graded according to the rated
Limit values of the MCBs / Fuses selectivity in kA
Downstream Upstream fuses
MCBs In[A] 16 A 20 A 25 A 35 A 50 A 63 A 80 A 100 A 125 A
Characteristic C ≤2 0.3 0.5 1.5 2.0 9.0 • • • •
4 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.4 3.5 5.0 9.0 • •
6 – 0.4 0.8 1.4 2.7 4.5 6.0 • •
10 – – 0.5 1.2 2.0 3.0 4.2 7.0 •
16 – – – 1.0 1.5 2.2 3.0 6.0 •
20 – – – – 1.3 2.2 3.0 6.0 •
25 – – – – – 2.2 2.9 5.0 9.0
32 – – – – – – 2.4 4.0 7.0
40 – – – – – – 2.0 3.5 4.0
50 – – – – – – – 3.0 4.0
63 – – – – – – – 3.0 3.5
• Rated breaking capacity 5SX4 acc. to IEC 60898 10000
4
5. Selectivity of MCBs / themselves within close limits. The following table specifies
Circuit-breakers This depends on the peak the short-circuit currents in kA
current Î of the downstream up to which selectivity is
In distribution networks
MCB and on the tripping provided between MCBs
without any fuses, MCBs
current of the upstream MCB. connected in series at 230V AC.
provide selectivity between
Limit values of the MCBs / circuit-breakers selectivity in kA
Downstream Upstream circuit-breakers
MCBs 5SX4 …- 7
Characteristic C
In[A] 20 25 32 40 50
I >[A] 200 250 320 400 500
Icn[kA] 10 10 10 10 10
Selectivity limits [kA] 1)
Characteristic C 0.5 5 10 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8
1 10 10 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8
2 20 10 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8
4 40 10 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5
6 60 10 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5
10 100 10 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4
16 160 10 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4
20 200 10 – 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4
25 250 10 – – – 0.3 0.4
32 320 10 – – – 0.3 0.4
40 400 10 – – – – –
50 500 10 – – – – –
63 630 10 – – – – –
I> = Tripping current
1) In 240/415V, 50 Hz the selectivity limits must be reduced by 10%. Maximum value In = rated current.
Selectivity of MCBs / Moulded Case Circuit Breakers
Limit values of the MCBs / MCCBs selectivity in kA
Upstream circuit-breakers
VF100/125 VL160X VL250N VL250H VL400N VL400H VL630N VL630H VL800N VL800H
Downstream Rated current
100/125A 160A 200/250A 315/400A 400/500/630A 800A
Circuit-breakers in (A)
Trip Unit TM TM TM / ETU TM / ETU TM / ETU TM / ETU TM / ETU TM / ETU ETU ETU
Breaking capacity
18 / 25kA 40 / 70kA 40kA 70kA 45kA 70kA 45kA 70kA 50kA 70kA
lcn (kA)
Selectivity limits (kA)
5SX4 20 TM 10kA 3.8 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
25 / 32 TM 10kA 3 9.1 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
40 / 63 TN 10kA 2.1 4.8 6.5 6.5 10 10 10 10 10 10
5
6. Back-up protection, MCBs/ or if the specified rated prevents excessive stressing of up to which back-up protection
Fuses breaking capacity is exceeded, the MCB. Generally, a fuse is is ensured if SIEMENS MAKE
an additional protective device used for this purpose. DIN fuses are used acc. to DIN
If the level of the maximum
must be connected upstream The following table specifies VDE 0636 Part 21.
short circuit current flowing at
as backup protection. This the short-circuit currents in kA
the MCB location is unknown,
Limit values of the MCBs/Fuses selectivity in kA
Downstream Upstream fuses
MCBs In[A] 50 A 63 A 80 A 100 A 125 A 160 A
5SX4
0.5 - 4 no back-up protection required up to 50kA
6 50 50 50 50 50 35
10 50 50 50 50 50 35
16 50 50 50 35 30 30
20 50 50 50 35 25 25
25 50 50 50 35 30 25
32 50 50 50 35 30 25
40 50 50 50 50 25 15
50 50 50 50 50 25 15
63 50 50 35 25 25 15
Test circuit data: Test cycle:
Up = 250 V Acc. to 60 947 - 2(O - CO)
cos φ = 0.3 to 0.5
6
7. Data Overview 5SX4 MCBs
Product data sheet
Standards IS 8828 (1996), IEC 60 898, VDE 0641/6.78
Series 5SX4 / 5SJ4
Tripping characteristics ‘C’ / ‘D’
No. of poles SP, SPN, DP, TP, TPN & FP*
240 / 415 V AC, 50/60 Hz
Rated voltage Volts
SP – 60V DC, DP – 110V DC
Current Range Amps 0.5 – 63
Operational voltage min. AC/DC V 24
max. DC V/Pole 60
max. AC V 440
Rated Breaking Capacity
acc. to IS 8828 / IEC 60898, DIN VDE 0641 AC kA 10
Insulation coordination
Rated insulation voltage 250/440 V AC
Degree of pollution for overvoltage category III 2
Mounting on a 35 mm mounting rail (EN 50 022)
Conductor cross sections
Solid and stranded, max.
Upper terminal mm² 16
Lower terminal mm² 25
Finely stranded with end sleeves, max.
Upper terminal mm² 16
Lower terminal mm² 25
Terminal tightening torque
(power driver setting) Nm 2.5 - 3
Supply connection As required, top or bottom.
Mounting position As required in any position.
Endurance On an average 20,000 operations at rated load
Ambient temperature °C -25 to +45, occasionally +55 max. 95% humidity,
Storage temperature : -40 to +75
Resistance to climate According to IEC 68-2-30, 6 cycles
Resistance to vibration m/s² 60 at 10 to 150 Hz according to IEC 68-2-6
* FP available only in 63A
7
10. Add-on Accessories
For applications in industry and electrically independent combined slotted and Shunt trip (ST)
in system and plant contacts (separated electrical podzidrive head screws. The shunt trip coil allows the
engineering, add-on circuits); one of these contacts circuit breaker to be remotely
accessories are available, such is normally open and the other Fault signal contacts (FC) tripped. The coil and circuit
as auxiliary contacts (AC), fault- normally closed. The The fault signal contact block breaker are coupled together
signal contacts (FC), shunt trips mechanically stable position of has a structure and dimensions not only by using the control
(ST). ST is mounted left of the contacts does not change identical to those of the handle, but also with the
MCB. AC/FC are mounted on unless the circuit-breaker is auxiliary contact block (AC). internal trigger.
right side. These modules can manually actuated or is tripped The fault signal contact block
be used as inputs/outputs to a due to an overload or a short remotely indicates the tripping
PLC, building-automation circuit. The terminals are of device due to an overload or
system etc. for signalling and characterised by a degree of a short-circuit. The block’s
control. protection IP 2X; they allow contact remain in position
connecting conductors with a when the circuit-breaker’s
Auxiliary contacts (AC) maximum cross-section of 2.5 handle is manually actuated.
Each block consists of two mm² and are delivered with
Auxiliary Contact (AC) Fault Signal Contact
AC Type Ref Type Ref FC Type Ref Type Ref
(5SX4) (5SJ4) (5SX4) (5SJ4)
1NO+1NC 5SX9100 5ST3010 1NO+1NC 5SX9200 5ST3020
2NO 5SX9101 – Applications : Remotely indicating the
tripping condition of the MCB
Applications : Remotely indicating the
switching condition of the MCB ON/OFF • Can be subsequently mounted to
the MCB.
• Can be subsequently mounted to
the MCB. • Mounted using factory installed
clips.
• Mounted using factory installed
clips. • Max. contact load :
6A, 230 V AC, AC-15
• Max. contact load :
1 A, 220 V DC, DC-13
6A, 230 V AC, AC-15
1 A, 220 V DC, DC-13 • Cable size upto
1 x 2.5 sq mm to be used.
• Cable size upto
1 x 2.5 sq mm to be used.
Shunt trip (ST) Dimensions in mm
Shunt Type Ref Type Ref
Release (5SX4) (5SJ4)
110…415VAC 5SX9300 5ST3030
24…48VDC – 5ST3031
Applications : Remotely tripping the
MCB. 100% switch-on duration.
• Mounted using attached screws.
1MW = 18mm
• Can be used for voltages 110 to 415
V AC, Short-circuit protection using
MCB. Maximum Possible Configurations for Accessories
10
11. Carefree life due to enhanced safety
B
>AJ=C=H@
• 10kA breaking capacity insures protection for bigger
installations
• Type AC / Type A versions for protection in residential,
commercial and industrial buildings I
• Space saving in distribution boards due to compact width
For more details: 11
mail to: switches.india@siemens.com Fax: +91 22 2762 3729