Here u can get Idea about Fibers used in Technical textile

1. Study on Technical Textile –Fibers for Technical Textile
SkmSadiqul Islam,BscengineeringinBangladeshUniversityOf Textiles, ID-2013-01-02-020
Mob-01928939985,01849332963 Email-Tigersadik950@gmail.com
Fibers for Technical Textile
The usages of fibres in the technical textile area are not only the high functional fibres alone,
but also the natural (due to bio-degradability and compatibility) and common man-made
fibres occupied considerable share, which is shown in table .
4.1 Domestic fibres:
Medical Application-Cotton, silk polyester, polyamide are used in medical applications.
Geo Textile-PP and Polyester are used in geo textiles and dry/liquid filtration due to its compatibility.
Biodegradable - Jute and coir (Ligno-Cellulosic) used in biodegradable products and in packaging
industry.
Antiballstic and Filtration application- Nylon is been used in the anti- ballistic, Cord, protection and
filtration applications.
4.2 High functional fibres:
High functional fibres are having high technical properties based on the end uses. The
properties are high tensile strength, high modulus, good chemical resistance, high
dimensional stability, cut resistance and low thermal shrinkage.
4.2.1 Kevlar:
It is Para-Aramide fibre based on terephthalic acid and p-phynelene diamine. It is highly
oriented and high crystalline (90%) fibre. It is having good fibre tenacity (about 25gfpd),and
high thermal resistance and low thermal shrinkage. This fibre is used for anti ballistic
apparel, helmet, industrial protective clothing, gloves, in hot gas filtration, structural
composite for air crafts, optical fibre cable sheath, high pressure and automatic hoses, sail
cloths and as special tyres cords.
4.2.2 Carbon:
It is produced by extruding precursor of acrylics, pitch or specially purified viscose rayon in to
filaments, then carbonized to get carbon. After carbonization the fibre processing is a difficult
one, hence the precursor fibre may be converted in to fabric, there after it is carbonized to
get the required product. Final carbon content could be around 92% by weight. High stiffness
to weight ratio (for aero space structure applications), softness, high thermal resistance are
the special properties of the carbon fibres.
4.2.3 P-phenylene-2.6-benzobisoxazole (PBO):
It is having very high strength (42gfpd) and tensile modulus of 1300-2000gfpd, which is
greater then the any known fibre. Good flame resistance and heat resistance (68%-LOI) and
high decomposition temperature (600° C). It is used in the anti ballistic vests, protective
apparel for fire fighters, lightweight armor for vehicle and for personal.
4.2.4 Ultra high molecular weight poly-ethylene (UHMWPE):
It is having high molecular weight (10 6), produced by Gel spinning technique. It is having
Low (0.97) specific gravity, high Chemical & abrasion resistances and high strength
comparable to Kevlar. It is used in anti ballistic protection, floatable ropes, and nets.

2. Study on Technical Textile –Fibers for Technical Textile
SkmSadiqul Islam,BscengineeringinBangladeshUniversityOf Textiles, ID-2013-01-02-020
Mob-01928939985,01849332963 Email-Tigersadik950@gmail.com
4.2.5 Glass:
t is an inorganic and isotropic fibre. High strength, chemical resistance, electrical, resilience,
flame resistances and low elongation at break are the salient features of glass. It has a high
specific gravity (2.5-2.7), it is used in industrial applications including fire proof, filtration,
insulation and in reinforcement.
4.2.6 Alumina silica:
Ceramic fibres reported with a very high temperature resistance, used for furnace insulation
and hot air filtration.
4.2.7 Melamine:
These fibres having 50% by weight of melamine cross-linked polymer (specific gravity about
1.44).It is having outstanding heat blocking properties with low thermal conductivity and
good elongation at break (about 18%).
4.2.8 Basalt:
It is produced from the basaltoid rocks. Basalt derived from minerals of Plagiocene and
pyroxene. This is used for the production of high temperature resistance and chemical
resistance products.
4.2.9 Noviloid:
This fibre produced with 65% of cross linked novolac, it posses excellent flame retardant
properties andrecommended to use up to 150°C in the presence of air and in absence of air
it can be used up to 250°C . This can with stand up to 1000°C in short period exposure to
flame.
4.2.10 Fiber composites for chemical protection:
Acetate, PET, PVC and ploy carbonate sheets used to get clear vision in face shield and
goggles. Rubber, PVA, Teflon composite materials used in gloves as a protection layers.
TYVAK (spun bonded Ploy ethylene) used in coats and jackets as barrier to chemicals.

3. Study on Technical Textile –Fibers for Technical Textile
SkmSadiqul Islam,BscengineeringinBangladeshUniversityOf Textiles, ID-2013-01-02-020
Mob-01928939985,01849332963 Email-Tigersadik950@gmail.com
LOI means Limiting Oxygen Index
Table- Fiber with Mechanical Properties in Technical Textile Fields

4. Study on Technical Textile –Fibers for Technical Textile
SkmSadiqul Islam,BscengineeringinBangladeshUniversityOf Textiles, ID-2013-01-02-020
Mob-01928939985,01849332963 Email-Tigersadik950@gmail.com
5.0 Technical yarns:
Technical yarns are replacing the traditional usage of textiles in critical applications. The
manufacturing of sewing threads, interlinings, and wadding and insulation materials with high
functional fibres plays a critical role in medical and industrial application.
6.0 Electronics in Textiles:
The electronics may soon be integrated in to the textiles in all areas. These Interactive
electronic textiles (IET) may find useful in many traditional, fashion and industrial textile
applications in form of communication, entertainment, health and safety. A wearable
computing is a new form of human computer interaction. This wearable computer is just
more then a wristwatch or regular eye glasses. Prerequisites of wearable computers are
constancy, augmentation and mediation. New developments of wearable computers are
made with merging IC s seamlessly in fabric to develop fabric keyboards. Interactive touch
voice and body heat activation are being developed. To develop more appealing wearable
electronics, conductive materials are being used to transform traditional textiles and apparel
products into light weight wireless wearable computing devices. Materials such as metallic,
optical fibres, conductive threads, fabric coatings, and inks are being used to supply
conductivity and create wire less textile circuitry. Additional components including input and
output devices, sensors and power supply are necessary to create IET. DETECT (registered
trade mark), USA, has been developing single and multiple layer sensory fabrics.
Piezoelectric materials, MEMS (Micro electro mechanical systems) used in sensors for
receive and respond to stimuli enabling the electronic functions related to the user. The
development of the market for electronics in textiles cannot be accurately mapped out. Of
course, smart cloths are likely to reach the shops in and around two to three years. The price
of the electronics as a whole should not exceed 10 to 20 percent of the total costs of the
cloths for capturing good market. Research to support IET development is being conducted
in many universities. Growing consumer interest in mobile, electronic
devises will initiate the demand for IET products.

5. Study on Technical Textile –Fibers for Technical Textile
SkmSadiqul Islam,BscengineeringinBangladeshUniversityOf Textiles, ID-2013-01-02-020
Mob-01928939985,01849332963 Email-Tigersadik950@gmail.com
7.0 Intelligent Textiles
Textile products, which are, respond to the external stimuli for specific purpose are called
Intelligent Textiles. These are classified as-
7.1Textiles incorporating Phase change materials (PCM)
These are materials used in clothing as encapsulated form to change from its phase from
solid to liquid and vice versa to maintain a comfortable body temperature in severe
conditions. The energy stored or released by the phase change materials (eg. paraffin)
depending on the activity of the wearer. This may be used in the car seat covers, gloves
boots and hats. It is used to prevent the body from over heating or over cooling.
7.2 Textiles incorporating Shape memory polymers (SMP)
Shape memory materials are those, which can revert from the current shape to a previously
held shape, usually due to the heat. These shape memory polymers poses different
properties below and above its standard temperature. These materials are used in medical
applications, for maintenance of body temperature.
7.3 Textiles incorporating chromic materials
Materials, which are changing color reversibly according to the external environment
conditions. These are photo chromic and thermo chromic materials. Photo chromicsm is a
chemical process in which a compound under goes a reversible changes between two states
having separate absorption spectra. Thermo chromic system heat changes the color of
chromophore. On removal of heat source the color reverses to its thermally more stable
state. Photo chromic and thermo chromic materials are used for fashion and military
clothing.
7.4 Textiles incorporating conductive materials.
The conductive fibres are of two types .
1. Electrical conductive fibres.
2. Optical conductive fibres.
The electrical conductive fibres integrate the latest wicking finishes with high metallic content
in textiles that still retain the comfort required for clothing. With addition of nickel, metallic
coatings of varying thickness, these fibres provide a versatile combination of physical and
electrical properties for a verity of demanding applications, such as thousand fold increase in
thermal conductivity. The optical conductive fibres use per floro polymers, which are most
transparent in the near infrared region. Conductive fibres used for the development of
military clothing, motion capturing and in tracking of objects. These fibres can be woven in to
fabrics to form radiation shields, optical filters and bar codes.
Finally. Modern World Is totally Depends On technical Textile. Thats why we have to know
about Fibers which is appropriate for Technical Textile. This Sector has huge opportunity for
Research & Develop. This Sector open a new era of our textile Industry. This Paper is Made
by me. About 2.5 Years of my textile Engineering Study, I have gathered knowledge from
many reference book, Articles, Magazines
.
#### Special Thanks for Our Great Teacher FARUK Sir, Under his Guidance &
Encouragement, i come to this far.