Communications Technologies

Communications Technologies
Student's Name
Case Study 1: Florida Department of Management Services, Part 1
CIS 505 Communication Technologies
Professor's name
May 5, 2013
Analyze the security mechanisms needed to protect the DMS systems from both state employees
and users accessing over the internet:
Department of Management Services (DMS) has chosen to expand their applications and services
via TCP/IP and Internet access. DMS uses a widely used proprietary scheme: IBM's Systems
Network Architecture (SNA) which provides support for TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol). SNA architecture is projected to remain important for some years to
come. Implementing standardized protocol architectures allow DMS ongoing communication with
suppliers, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, all distributed applications, including remote logon, client/server, email, file transfer, Web
access, and so on, can be secured (Stallings, 2009). Finally, Stallings (2009) has noted, "another
relatively general–purpose solution is to implement security just above TCP by using Secure
Sockets Layer (SSL) and the follow–on Internet standard Transport Layer Security (TLS). For full
generality, SSL, (TLS) could be provided as part of the underlying protocol suite and therefore be
transparent to applications. Alternatively, SSL can be embedded in specific packages.
Critique the transition process performed by the DMS in the case study. Then, recommend two (2)
alternatives to the IP Infrastructure or applications not already mentioned in the case study: By the
early 1990s, the Florida department of management services (DMS) had built up a large information
systems network that serve state government agencies in 10 regional sites and connected these to the
data center in Tallahassee. The network was based on the use of the proprietary systems network
architecture (SNA) from IBM and mainframe at the data center that housed most of the applications.
Although relatively happy with the SNA application and services by providing TCP/IP capability
and internet access. The goal was met in a remarkably short time. Over the course of 30 months,
DMS built a statewide TCP/IP network, began
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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Https
HTTPS is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer protocol secure, a protocol to transfer encrypted
data over the web. Tim–Berners Lee in 200 developed HTTP, HTTPS is an extension to this as a
measurement of security. It is primarily used for making online payments, email and sensitive
data.HTTPS is a secure solution to HTTP as it encrypts Data sent and received with SSL HTTP
transfers data as plain text. SSL is an abbreviation of Secure Socket Layers, which was created by
Netscape as an internet and webs security level to transfer data securely. SSL is part of TLS
Transport Layer Security protocol. TLS ensures confidentiality between an end device, applications
and the web. TLS is essential in client–server model because it only allows authenticated users to
view and send data.HTTPS uses this security measure ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An advantage of REST is its simplicity when compared to Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP,
which requires writing or using a provided server program and a client program. Roy Fielding
created the principles of REST architecture in the year 2000. REST has proved to be a popular
choice for implementing Web Services this is used by online retail giants Amazon.
An application or architecture considered REST–ful or REST–style is characterized by:
State and Functionality division categorically across resource
Use HTTP commands of GET, POST, PUT, or DELETE over the Internet. Every resource is
uniquely addressable using a uniform and minimal set of commands.
The protocol is often client/server.
The majority of web–page are made using this same architectural method which indicates the
popularity of REST in web development.
There are various benefits of using REST in the designing of web applications one of these is the
importance REST applies on security. REST is popular due to the various security measures and
other

Advantages Of E-Commerce Security
ABSTRACT
E–commerce Security is protecting assets of e–commerce from any unauthorized access,
modification or deletion. E–commerce Security should follow the basic CIA model i.e.
confidentiality, integrity, availability of Information Security. With the growing demand of E–
commerce in the market, exploitation of its security is also subjected to increase, thus increasing the
potential for white collar crimes. Internet Banking is a flexible and easy mode of online payment
provided by banking sectors to e–commerce but as every coin has two faces, the benefits come with
some hidden flaws. The possibility of fraud is seen as the major reason why today's companies are
spending billions of dollars on computer security. In this paper we discuss overview ... Show more
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Review the order and payment details before paying and don't fall for phishing messages
1] 1] Install security tools: One should install proper antivirus and antispyware applications for
protecting their data from malicious attacks and threats. Usually paid softwares provide real time
protection against viruses but even pirated versions can keep the data safe.
2] Shop at secure websites:
We should transact online at secure websites only. One could easily make out if a website is secure
as a secure website starts with https://.
Secondly transactions should be done on Secure Socket Layer (SSL) pages only and it will show on
a lock sign on the address bar.
3] Make strong passwords:
Create strong passwords which becomes very difficult for the hackers to crack. Passwords should
generally be minimum 6–8 characters long with few special characters. Never revel your personal
passwords to any person. Also avoid keeping your passwords on your name, date of birth

Near Field Communication ( Nfc )
NFC Report Name Date Near–field communication (NFC) Near–field communication (NFC) is a
set of protocols that allow communication between two electronic devices. Most commonly this
technology is used for communication between portable devices like smartphones. Even though it is
a contact less system of communication, it requires that the devices are within 4 cm or 1.57 inch
distance from each other (Carter & Faulkner, 2015). Basically, this technology relies on creating a
low speed connection between the devices which has a very simple setting up procedure. It has
found application in a vast variety of applications, ranging from contact less payment from credit
and debit cards as well as the smartphone based payment techniques, to the social networking
applications as well, where media and contact information can be shared wirelessly between
devices. NFC technology has also found application for identity related documents and keycards.
Encoding and Encryptions The technology that allows contactless transactions, because of its
simplicity and effectiveness has become an integral part of people's daily usage. However, there are
many concerns regarding security that people have expressed about it, most of which are quite valid.
For example, one of the common application of NFC technology is its ability to make purchases
through different credit and debit card accounts, very simply through one's smartphone. However,
this feature, even though convenient,

Essay on Networking: Network Security
Network Design
Contents
Introduction – Why Are Security Protocols Are Needed? 2
What Is TLS? 2
A Diagram Detailing the TLS Handshake 3
What Is SSH? 3
A Diagram Summarising SSH 4
TLS & SSH; A Comparison 4
Similarities 4
Differences 4
Comparative Advantages 5
Network Requirements 5
TLS Requirements 5
SSH Requirements 5
TLS Example 6
SSH Example 6
Conclusion 6
Bibliography 7
Introduction – Why Are Security Protocols Are Needed?
In this modern day and age of computing, networks are a huge part of IT. It is important now more
than ever that data sent over any network, whether it be a LAN (Local Area Network) or WAN
(Wide Area Network; The Internet) is kept safe, private (when required) and uninterrupted in ...
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Security protocols are primarily & commonly used to protect communication via the web, VPNs
(Virtual Private Networks) and the transferring of files. This report will now go on to compare two
main security protocols – TLS & SSH. They will be compared in a way that takes into account both
the similarities and differences in approach and features and their relative advantages and
disadvantages. This information will then be backed up by examples where each protocol would be
preferred to the other in a certain situation along with my own personal reasoning based on the
research that has been carried out on my part.
What Is TLS?
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is the successor to another security protocol; SSL (Secure Sockets
Layer) which was originally developed by 'Netscape' (HowStuffWorks "SSL and TLS". 2014). It is a

cryptographic security protocol which was designed primarily to ensure communication security
across the internet. Communication security is achieved by the use of X.509 certificates and hence
asymmetric cryptography which allows the exchange of a symmetric key, which can then be used to
encrypt the data that is being transmitted between both parties involved in the communication. The
protocol is made up of two main layers; TLS Record Protocol and TLS Handshake Protocol. TLS
will be most commonly recognised when 'https' is noticed in

Business Intelligence ( Bi ) And Business Analytics
Business intelligence (BI) and business analytics (BA) (sometimes used interchangeably) has
revolutionized the way businesses use data and can be contrasted, for the purpose of this essay, in
the following way: BI is raw data that has been transformed into meaningful information that
provides historical, current, and predictive views of business operations and environment, and BA
uses data and statistical methods to provide actionable information for decision makers. BI explains
what is happening, identifies the issue, and provides decisions to be made and BA explains why an
issue is occurring, what will occur, and what actions need to be taken. At the forefront of BI/BA
technology is International Business Machines (IBM) with a very broad array of related products
and services. Among the more popular products are its flagship analytics product IBM Cognos and
its Predictive Customer Analytics. IBM's Cognos Analytics allows business and IT professionals to
prepare and distribute all types of business reports from all departments with an organization and
access pertinent information such as financial reports, sales trends, production yields, and inventory
on any device on an hourly basis. IBM also offers a Predictive Customer Intelligence solution, an
integrated software which uses automation to acquire customer information such as buying
behavior, web activity, and social media presence to model and "score" costumer behavior and
provide customized actions so that a business

E-Commerce Evolution
Evolution of E–Commerce E–commerce has become one of the most prevalent changes in the way
we do business today. Businesses, before the creation of the web, were typically at a physical
location where customers could come, browse, try–on, and purchase goods and services. Some of
the disadvantages of this business model were: customers restricted by location, the need for larger
amounts of inventory, larger retail space, and more employees to cover customer–service. E–
commerce began with the advent of the Internet and started as billboards for information and
advertisement purposes. Then as technology developed through the early 1980s, it grew into e–mail
purchasing (Compuserve). From there, the World Wide Web, internet browsers ... Show more
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The company evolved into the 3–rd party distribution market which allowed vendors to sell their
products through Amazon's web store and with Amazon handling the transactions for a per–sale
commission. This allowed for smaller vendors, who might not have the technological capabilities
and expertise to sell their products over the web, to take advantage of the many advantages this new
technology offered. One–click shopping was invented as was point–to–point tracking, where the
customer could watch how the shipping of their package progressed. But because of the inherent
complexity of these on–line systems, bad coding practices, rapid evolution of technology, constant
demand of the consumer and the predatory nature of hackers, security is becoming harder and harder
for businesses to guarantee. Security With the advent of Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), which
transferred money between accounts; and the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), where business
forms, purchase orders, invoices and other information can be shared electronically; the advent of
vulnerabilities in ecommerce also became a reality. In 1985 the first retail electronic banking system
was offered and subsequently hacked. In the 1990s, the use of Credit Cards on the internet led to
hackers intercepting emails and web forms to harvest these numbers by the millions. This
vulnerability lead to the development of SSL

Holistic Detective Dubh Harshly Needs For Important...
Andrew Scheuerer
Rudolph Helm
IT–128
24 July 2015
Homework 01 Holistic Detective Dubh Harshly needs to send important photographic evidence and
confidential documents to his partner regarding the sudden appearance of apparent "Elder Gods" at
the nearby restaurant supply store. His only immediately available option is to transmit the data
from his ultraportable laptop, across the internet via his e–mail app, to his e–mail server back at the
agency (read: storage unit). But how can Dubh have any assurance that the data he sends will arrive
at the appropriate destination, and not, say the rouge Hotmail server still being run by his neighbor
Ted one unit over? How can he also assure that his data will not be intercepted in the middle, or
even ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We also want to be able to backup our claims of what we sent, how we sent it, and when it was all
done (non–repudiation). For example, "I turned in that homework assignment, in that exact wording
and format, ten minutes before the deadline. Here's the MD5 hash I used to "fingerprint" the dated
file before clicking, 'send.' These are the problems that Transport Layer Security (TLS) aims to
solve, building on the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol originally created by a team at Netscape
for secure transactions on early websites (although similar to SSL, TLS is different enough for them
to not work together). TLS will create a "tunnel" that is an established connection between source
and destination, through which all packet data AND packet headers are encrypted. However, before
TLS gets involved, Dubh's source machine must first establish a reliable transport protocol with
which to communicate with the destination. In this case, we will (safely) assume that we are using
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to establish this connection: Dubh's Laptop: "Hey E–mail
Server, I'd like to 'SYN'chronize with you to share some data." E–Mail Server: "Dubh's Laptop, I'll
'SYN'chronize with you, do you 'ACK'nowledge?" Dubh's Laptop: "I sure do 'ACK'nowledge."
Now that a basic guarantee has

Influence System Coding On The Vitality Dissipated By...
In this paper, creator proposed another strategy to influence system coding to decrease the vitality
devoured by information encryption in MANETs. To this end, creator proposed P–Coding, a
lightweight encryption plan to give privacy to network–coded MANETs in a vitality effective way.
The fundamental thought of P–Coding is to let the source haphazardly permute the images of every
parcel, before performing system coding operations. Without knowing the stage, busybodies can 't
find coding vectors for right deciphering, and in this manner can 't get any significant data and
shows that because of its lightweight nature, P–Coding brings about negligible vitality utilization
contrasted with other encryption plans. Yet, in this paper, for encoding information creator utilized
Homomorphic Encryption Functions (HEFs) which is weak plan [1]. In this paper, creator proposed
P–Coding, a novel security plan against listening stealthily assaults in system coding. With the
lightweight change encryption performed on every message and its coding vector, P–Coding can
effectively foil worldwide busybodies in a straightforward manner. Besides, P–Coding is likewise
included in adaptability and power, which empower it to be coordinated into handy system coded
frameworks [2]. This paper tended to the configuration of secure direct system coding. What 's
more, particularly, explore the system coding outline that can both fulfill the pitifully secure
prerequisites and amplify the transmission

Remote Access And Using Extensible Authentication Protocol...
Remote Access Business today never sleeps in large part to advances in technology. Because of this,
users often need access to sensitive company data outside the office which presents many security
challenges. Not only is the end user accessing your network resources and potentially sensitive data,
but they are many times doing so from a public network which the admin has no control over and is
open to others who may have malicious intent. These connections clearly need to be properly
secured in order provide end users secure network connections. To secure remote connections, a
virtual private network (VPN) will created using the Routing and Remote Access feature available
within Windows Server 2012 R2. This feature allows end users to create a secure connection to the
network by using Extensible Authentication Protocol–Transport Level Security (EAP–TLS) in
addition to smartcards for authentication purposes. Traffic will also be encrypted by using Layer
Two Tunneling Protocol over IPSEC (TechNet, 2016). To implement this configuration properly, the
certificate authority mentioned above will be used to provide certificates to the servers and clients to
authenticate and encrypt transmissions over public networks. The network firewall will be
configured to accept this traffic and direct it to the VPN server. This configuration will allow
secured remote connections to network resources for employees and end users.
Malware Protection To properly protect network resources

A Case Study On Security Incidences
CSc 250 Project Report A Case Study on Security Incidences Akshay Bhinge Computer Science
Department California State University, Sacramento abhinge@gmail.com Aneri Vadera Computer
Science Department California State University, Sacramento anerivadera62@gmail.com Abstract –
We have studied 4 security incidences which highlight the issue of computer security by providing
information about the vulnerabilities in these incidences and what should be done to prevent such
attacks. All these security incidences are based on the concepts and techniques we learnt during the
Computer Security course which increased our understanding and eagerness to explore more on
these topics. Keywords – Hashing, Computer Security, Encryption, Rainbow ... Show more content
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Google enables encrypted connections to these services to prevent attackers to spy on the
communications done by the users. These encrypted connections are made secure using certificates
that are issued by authorized certificate authorities (CAs). But, these certificates are vulnerable to
attack. An attacker can get a fraudulent certificate for such services and replace the server certificate
by this fraud certificate. This enables them to use it maliciously to intercept the communication done
by a user and service. The user will be ignorant that the connection is compromised. Suppose
Mallory can obtain a fraudulent certificate for Google service (gmail.com) and a user Alice would
trust the certificate. Then Mallory can eavesdrop on the communication between Gmail and Alice in
spite of the encrypted communication. Mallory will pretend to be Gmail while communicating with
Alice, and she will pretend to be Alice while communicating with Gmail. Mallory can get all the
private information of Alice including his username and password. Mallory will use that username
and password in talking to Gmail. Gmail and Alice think they are communicating directly with each
other through an encrypted connection but Mallory is the man in the middle. For this incidence, the
government of Iran is Mallory, intercepting every message between you (Alice) and Gmail. 2.
ATTACK An Attacker performed man in the

Security Threats Of Network Security
As the technology is growing the security threats are also increasing at higher rate. So, as to protect
an organization from such network security threats severe actions and several steps have to be taken
by network security administrators. In any large organization that is having large number of big
servers, firewalls and interconnected network of hundreds of computers, security is one of the most
important aspects so as to secure its network from intruders. Within the organization, all the
computers and devices are interconnected in a LAN network or using a WLAN (Wireless Local
Area Network). So, the most important task of network security administrator to secure its internal
as well as external network from intruders because there are several ways intruders can sniff the
network and resulting in heavy loss of data. There are several threats that can affect network security
of an organization such as: Wireless Sniffing, DoS (Denial of Service), sniffing of VoIP network,
trojans and unauthorized access to FTP server. Wireless Sniffing and potential measures to secure
wireless Networks
In today's business scenario, within the organization most of the operations taken place over a
wireless network such as transferring data between systems using wireless, accessing internet and
sending Mails over Internet. Large number of rooters is used for providing internet access and
wireless access to computers. Consider a situation, in which if one of the network get sniffed by

Ipsec And Ssl Protocols ( Vpn )
Abstract: As the development of computers, smart phones and tablets, more and more equipment are
connected to the Internet. Virtual Private Network, which establishes private network over public
network has made work and life much easier for people. IPSec and SSL/TLS protocols, which
provide security services, are widely used for VPN. In this paper, I'll learn the details of IPSec and
TLS/SSL protocols and provide an analysis and comparison of them.
I. Introduction
Virtual Private Network (VPN) comes to my sight by chance due to China's great firewall blocked
my access to Gmail when I stayed in China last summer. To visit the blocked websites, one of
solutions is using VPN technology.
VPN is referred to set up a private network across a public network and usually can be classified by
three types: [1] Remote–Access Type, which can establish a connection between a client outside and
a company's internal resources, Extranet Type, which connects different resources in different
networks, and Intranet Type, which creates a connection between different resources within one
network. The working theory of VPN can be briefly explained by a simple example including
several steps:
Node A in Network I want to communicate to Node B in Network II via public network.
1. Since A wants to communicate with B, A will generate and send a packet whose destination IP is
B's IP address in Network II.
2. The gateway of Network I gets A's packet and checks its destination IP, if belongs to

Application For The Cloud Service Provider
Applications in today's world consume resources on a wide variety of scale, one application could
be CPU based while another could be network based which mean each application would saturate a
few resources and under–utilize a few. With cloud computing, Pay as you go enables you to pay
only for the utilized. For example, an application consumes only 50% of the processing power; you
need not pay for the entire set of machines and would only pay for the utilized rate and cloud
providers offer competitive prices today. To add to it operating costs like building space, power,
cooling, maintenance of servers and network will be on the cloud service provider. The installation,
upgrades and patches are easily done as cloud provider usually relies on virtual machines instead of
physical equipment. According to a study, in the year of 2000, 45% of IT budget was spent on
capital expenditure whereas only 6% of the resulting server capacity was utilized1. In this scenario,
in the next couple of years the cost of server maintenance would exceed the capital expenditure
invested with very less utilization ratio. Datacenters of large scales can reduce the economies and
time of computing to a large extent and also contribute to the Green IT initiative saving the
environment. Cloud also offers potential benefits like scalability where adding additional resources
can be done in matter of hours and also eliminates the need for huge capital expenditure which
enables startups access to large

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Packet Sniffers
A packet sniffer can only capture packet information within a given subnet. So, it's not possible for a
malicious attacker to place a packet sniffer on their home ISP network and capture network traffic
from inside your corporate network. In order to do so, the packet sniffer needs to be running on a
computer that is inside the corporate network as well. However, if one machine on the internal
network becomes compromised through a Trojan or other security breach, the intruder could run a
packet sniffer from that machine and use the captured username and password information in order
to compromise other machines on the network. Packet sniffers are very hard to detect because they
are passive, which means the sit on background reading the network stream and never send out data.
So unless we know it's there we can't find it. One of the major drawbacks of packet sniffers is if they
can't understand data its junk. So the best way is to make data encrypted. But there are ... Show
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Many practical situations arise when privacy of data becomes a concern. On the other hand knowing
the result of common computation is in their mutual interest. Consider following scenario: Four
brothers living independently want to know the total wealth of family but no brother wants to
disclose his individual wealth. All the students in a class want to know the average marks obtained
by students but no student is willing to show his marks to others. Certain number of mobile phone
companies wants to know the total customers in an area but no company want to disclose its number
of customers. SMC concept was introduced by Yao [1] where he gave a solution to two millionaire's
problem. Each of the millionaires wants to know who is richer without disclosing individual wealth.
After that the subject has taken many branches like privacy preserving statistical analysis,

Software Security Is The Biggest E Commerce Retailer
Introduction
Software security is a concept of engineering software and it goes on functioning appropriately
under malicious attack. Majority of technologies accept the significance of this undertaking, but
they require assistance in understanding how to confront it. Best practices for software security
leverage the sound software engineering practices that include thinking about the security primarily
in the software lifecycle, understanding and knowing common threats (inclusive of pitfalls and flaws
that are language based), design for security and subjecting every software artifact to comprehensive
objective testing and risk analyses.
Security is an extent of the ability of the system for protecting information and data from
unauthorized access however still giving access to systems and people that are authorized. Attack
can be seen as an action taken against a computer system having the intent of causing harm, to it and
this may take numerous forms. It may refer to attempts aimed at accessing services or data, or
modification of data, or might be an intention of denying services for legitimate users.
Discussion
In America, Amazon.com is the biggest e–commerce retailer having nearly 600 million visitors
every year; this would appear to attract numerous hackers, phishes and Internet scammers'–
commerce websites must gather positive pieces of personally categorizing information for
processing transactions. Amazon.com is one such. Conversely, the technology used by them for

Nt1310 Unit 1 Assignment 1
Install OpenVPN onto Windows Server 2012r2 into the H1 Country Club Network for Remote
Access
OpenVPN is an open–source software application that implements virtual private network (VPN)
techniques for creating secure point–to–point or site–to–site connections and remote access
facilities. OpenVPN allows authentication using certificates or username/password. OpenVPN can
work in two different modes regarding encryption. It can use static encryption or Public Key
Infrastructure (PKI). The advantage of static encryption is that it is very easy to configure. The
disadvantage of this type setup is that if your encryption key is compromised, all VPN data can
easily be decrypted. The PKI mode resolves many of the issues static encryption has. It ... Show
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Figure1: Simplified Remote Access Solution for H1
W6 ASSIGNMENT "INTERNET/WEB ACCESS MANAGEMENT"
3
Risk Management or Assessment To lessen the exposure of the corporate network to outside
sources, there are many matters to consider. Areas of concern with the VPN client that should be
addressed include: the potential hazards of the "always connected" nature of broadband Internet
connections, installation of personal firewalls, antivirus software, and the remote PC itself. Analysis
of the client PC begins with the PC itself. It is recommended that security policy require the VPN
host to be company issued equipment, rather than using the existing user's personal property. This
eliminates problems associated with mixing business and personal information. When under
company ownership it is easier to require the end user to comply with policy, and insist the PC be
used only for business–related purposes. As the hardware is company–owned, users will not be
given administrator account rights on their desktop machines. Controlling user activity as well as
checking and maintaining desktop integrity is very difficult (if not impossible) when users have
complete control through administrator rights. Company provided hardware also serves to minimize
management issues, as the computer should remain relatively static – with no unauthorized software
installations, end–user configuration changes or device conflicts to troubleshoot, support calls are
reduced. In addition to

Term Analysis : TLS Fingerprinting And Client Identification
Sean Lee 11/20/2017 COMP 424 Term Paper TLS Fingerprinting and Client Identification The
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a security technique that provides a method of selecting
communication and encryption protocols that both a client and a server can effectively utilize. TLS
provides security for a wide variety of communication between networks, ranging from financial
transactions on major retail websites, to private communications between individuals, all the way
down to malware returning the data it has illicitly acquired to the creator. TLS is effective because
of the inherent extreme difficulty any eavesdropper would experience, given that they were wishing
to analyze the encrypted traffic and not simply record whether or not ... Show more content on
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Because of this unguarded exchange, it is possible to build a metric for the identification of a
particular client, by capturing the data contained in the initial packet that the client sends to the
server when trying to determine the protocols for the TLS session. The nature of these initial packets
changes only infrequently, and a fingerprint can be built from their elements and then utilized in
order to recognize a particular client in a future session. The fields and data points that need to be
captured from this observance are: the active TLS version the client is using , the TLS version in the
client's record layer, the ciphers and algorithms that were chosen and applied, any compression
methods utilized in the communication, and the list of active extensions utilized by the client. This
combined data set is effectively changed only on a very rare basis for any particular client, and
offers far greater granularity than assessing cipher suites alone. Capturing the initial communication
between the client and server is an excellent method for fingerprinting TLS packets for several
reasons. First and foremost, it is possible to capture the initial TLS greeting packets with a high
degree of accuracy,

Sunshine Machine Work
Introduction As you requested, I have determined a solution for remote access to the Intranet file
server. There were four areas of concern; (1) losing proprietary data, (2) preventing network break–
ins, (3) assuring a secure remote connection. This report has recommendations for using a virtual
private network and encryption protocols. The Problem Sunshine Machine Works has expanded its
infrastructure. Its employees need remote access to the Intranet file server. The system implemented
needs to have the following features: Confidentiality – Establishing a secure connection to the
Intranet file server. The network should not be easily hacked. Data should only be viewed by remote
workers with the appropriate permissions. Using cryptography ... Show more content on
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It is the layer responsible for packet determination and IP addressing. At this layer, I recommend
using IPSec. It can block and filter data received and sent to the Intranet file server based on IP
address and port number. The web administrator can block traffic from all ports except port 80
(HTTP) and port 443 (HTTPS). A security policy needs to be added to the Active Directory to block
traffic to the entire network. The security policy should only allow access to the Intranet file server.
IPSec also protects the transport layer. It can be used with Kerberos to authenticate the client/server
session. An IPSec certificate is used to verify the routers' identity. IPSec provides encryption for
data exchanges between the router and client machine. (Microsoft Developer Network,

Statement of Purpose for Software Skills
We, Humans are amazing creatures with outstanding ability to dream. Bringing life into that dream
is an art which requires a unique tool. For me, the tool for adding life to my imaginations is
Software Skills. It is the most comfortable medium I could find in the course of my life to portray
my imaginations to the canvas of reality. I always felt that the Software skill is the magic wand from
fairy tales that could create wonders from imagination.
I am, an undergraduate in Computer Science, from a village in Kerala, India. My story of affection
to work with computer and software started from my childhood. The complexities and the wonders
inside a computer box attracted me towards it. There is a specific reason to say so. When I kid, I
participated in a drawing competition sponsored by a detergent company to do a painting on life
ambition. The magic of computer that deceived my thoughts was too strong, so that I couldn't
imagine myself working with something else. I painted a young guy(myself) with blue shirt sitting
in front of a computer and thinking sophisticated ideas. My drawing skills weren't strong enough to
win that competition, But the moment I realized how much I wanted to be creative with a computer
skills.
This ever wanted feeling of exploring new option on computer made me sure that I should go for
specialization on computer programming at higher education. That decision opened me the window
for more advanced level of programming and more

SEO Advantages Of HTTPS
HTTP vs HTTPS – SEO Advantages of HTTPS
Have you ever noticed the green padlock icon in the address bar of your web browser while
browsing any website?? That is the visually indication of that a HTTPS connection is in effect. A
web address without a green padlock is a HTTP connection.
For website owners....
No matter what you prefer–being a website owner you need to provide extra security for all the
personal detail that users share with your website like credit card details, online bank details etc.
A good online browsing experience involves the additional security you provide to your customers
that cannot be decrypted by hackers.
That is what Google is looking for – provide a secure browsing experience for the web users. Hence
favors the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With a HTTPS connection, all communications are securely encrypted. This means that even if
somebody managed to break into the connection, they would not be able decrypt any of the data
which passes between you and the website.
SEO Advantages of Switching to HTTPS
HTTPS is important as it helps reduce the chances of "hackers snooping or trying to seize and
access your customers' data" as it moves between the internet server and your computer or vice
versa.
With HTTPS it can be guaranteed that the site will encrypt their information for that extra level of
security.
It shouldn't come as a surprise that Google prefers sites that are trusted and certified.
Considering the benefits of HTTPS and to make the internet a secure place Google has announced
that going HTTPS – adding a SSL certificate on your site – will give you a ranking boost.
Google has also updated Google Webmaster Tools to better handle HTTPS sites and the reporting on
them.
If your website is already serving on HTTPS, you can test its security level and configuration with
the Qualys Lab

Microsoft Azure And Google App Engine Essay
Data location and data segregation are of importance in the cloud, given the disparate physical
location of shared computing resources. It is a possibility that cloud users be under statutory,
regulatory or contractual obligations to ensure that data is held and managed in a certain way. To
understand where the data is stored in the cloud, a person must what type of cloud deployment
models there are in use. There are four different cloud deployment models that are used in the cloud
computing environment. The four models are private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud and
community cloud. A private cloud can be owned or leased and managed by the organization or a
third party and exist at on–premises or off–premises. A public cloud is an infrastructure is provided
to many customers is managed by a third party and exist beyond the company firewall, examples
would be Microsoft Azure and Google App Engine. A hybrid cloud is a composition of two or more
cloud deployment models, which links data in such a way that the data transfer takes place between
them without affecting each other. An example of a hybrid cloud would be Amazon Web Services
(ABS). The community cloud is a model that is shared by several organizations for a shared cause
and may be managed by them or a third–party service provider and rarely offered cloud model. The
cloud environment operating according to this model may exist locally or remotely. An example of a
Community Cloud includes Facebook. Most customers

Advantages Of Secure Socket Layer
Secure Socket Layer:– Secure socket layer is a combination of public key and symmetric key
encryption to secure a connection between two systems. Secure socket layer is runs above the
TCP/IP protocol which is responsible for the transport and routing of data over network. The
transport layer security protocol evolved from SSL and has largely superseded it. The term Secure
Socket Layer and SSL/TLS are still commonly used.
Location of Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security in internet model.
One of the goals of these protocols is provide server and client authentication, data confidentiality
and data integrity. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This protocol consist of a single message, which consist of a single byte with the value 1. The sole
purpose of this message is to cause the pending state to be copied into the current state, which
updates the cipher suite to be used on this connection. 1 Byte (a)Change Cipher Spec Protocol 1byte
1 byte (b) Alert Protocol
1 byte 3 bytes >= 0 bytes (c) Handshake Protocol
Secure Socket Layer Protocol Payload
Alert Protocol:– The alert protocol is used to convey the SSL related alerts to the peer entity. Alert
messages are compressed and encrypted, as specified by the current state.
In alert protocol each message is consist of two bytes. The first byte takes the value warning or fatal
to convey the security of the message. If the level is fatal , SSL immediately terminates the
connection. Other session may be the same session may continue, but no new connection on this
session may be establish. The second byte contain the code that indicates the specific alert.
The list of those alert that occurs fatal:–
unexpected_message:– The unreliable message was

Defining Firewalls And Vpns. What Is A Firewall And How...
Defining Firewalls and VPNs
What is a firewall and how does it work?
Many internet users are concerned about internet safety. A way to combat potential security breaches
is to use a firewall. A firewall can be a hardware device or a program and it is used to filter any
information that comes through any internet connection to your private network or computer system.
Harmful information can be flagged by the firewall program and not be allowed to continue through.
Firewalls use up to three different ways to control the information coming into and out of the
network. The first method is called packet filtering. Packets are little manageable block of
information that are then scrutinized through a set of filters. The ones that make it past the filters are
sent along their way and anything else is immediately discarded. The next method is called proxy
service which allows the firewall to retrieve requested information and send it to its destination. The
last method is called stateful inspection or "stateful filtering", which is more like packet filtering,
only it doesn't examine the whole packet (ISA, 2007). This method only examines certain parts of
the individual packets and then compares it to a database of trusted information. A firewall can also
be customized to block certain IP addresses and domain names and be configured to obey certain
protocols. There are many different types of protocols depending on what it is protecting. For
example, File Transfer protocol is

Network Security Concepts Essay
Network Security Concepts
File security falls into two categories, encryption and access. Access to files can mean physical
access to a computer with unsecured files or access via user permissions or privileges in the form of
access control lists (ACLs) (Strengthen Your Users' File Security, 2003). The files kept on a server
with NTFS storage can be locked to prevent anyone who does not have the correct permissions from
opening them. This is secure but can be bypassed with physical access to an open computer and
should not be used for sensitive information. The other method of securing files is by encrypting the
information in the files using an Encrypting File System (EFS), which employs public key
encryption privileges (Strengthen ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Secret and private keys are very similar and are often used interchangeably. The difference is that
secret keys are used for both encryption and decryption, while a private key is part of the
public/private key system and is used only for decryption (Cryptography, 2005). In both cases, the
key may be known only to a single person or a limited group of people in order to keep the key
secure.
Public–Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a method of verifying users on a network, while a digital
certificate is a reference from a neutral company that confirms the identity of an internet site (Shay,
2004, p. 321) and (Tomsho, G., Tittel, E. Johnson, D., 2004, P. 378). The digital certificate is issued
by a Certificate Authority (CA) such as Verisign, and a registration authority (RA) that acts as a
reference to identify an entity to a user of the website, and uses a directory that holds the certificate
and can revoke a company's digital status. The PKI technology is at the core of the digital
certificates used in almost all transactions on the internet. The PKI uses a cryptographic key pair,
one of which is public and one which is private, to authenticate the owner of the certificate (PKI,
2002).
In each of the layers of the OSI model, there are security risks that exist and are developing now,
and

Using Encryption, Keys, And Virtual Private Networks
A research project that synthesizes your knowledge of encryption, keys, and virtual private
networks. Write a 5–7 page report on your findings.
Encryption
Encryption refers to a technique that facilitate the storage, transmission of information in a format
that is unreadable to unintended audience. Unintended audience in this case may be hackers,
sniffers, malwares e.t.c.the technique has been widely used to curb phishing in the current network
security landscape.
There are two fundamental techniques used in encrypting data: i.e. symmetric encryption (also
referred to as secret key encryption) and asymmetric encryption (also referred to as public key
encryption.)
Symmetric Encryption/Secret Key Encryption.
Symmetric encryption is the earliest and widely popular encryption technique. This technique uses a
secret key which can be a string of words, numbers which are randomly selected to effect
confidentiality. The secret Key is applied on the original message to change the content into a
cipher. The modification of the message to the cipher might be a simple reordering of the message
letter sequence to complex alterations. With the help of the secret key the sender and the recipient
can encrypt and decrypt messages respectively.
Symmetric key encryption therefore uses an identical key to encrypt and decrypt information. Due
to its simplicity it is faster as compared to asymmetric encryption with the length of keys critical to
the encryption security .NIST recommends that the

The Growth Of The Internet
environment and include a brief comparison of different approaches.
With the growth of the internet comes a great deal of electronic commerce, neatly and commonly
referred to as E–Commerce. This concept is a fast growing industry that allows its participants to
buy or sell products and services to each other using electronic devices via the Internet. With this
increasingly huge industry comes a danger of security among its users. It is quite a concern to the
general public that they may have their personal and financial information leaked through the
internet from security threats. To counteract these threats, we must not overlook a few fundamental
elements of transaction security, typically generalized as:
– confidentiality
– integrity
– authentication
– availability
– non–repudiation
– authorization
Confidentiality is an element defined by the protection of a user's information from other parties
than the recipient. Integrity enables the recipient to ensure that the information provided to them by
any sender is correct and accurate. This element is usually confused with confidentiality because it
is often involved in the same technologies as confidentiality. Authentication is the confirmation of a
user, typically to ensure that they or their data is authentic, i.e. safe. Availability, usually associated
with online stores, ensure that certain information – or in the case of online stores; that products or
services – are ready and in stock before a transaction takes

Security Threats Of Network Security
As the technology is growing the security threats are also increasing at higher rate. So, as to protect
an organization from such network security threats severe actions and several steps have to be taken
by network security administrators. In any large organization that is having large number of big
servers, firewalls and interconnected network of hundreds of computers, security is one of the most
important aspects so as to secure its network from intruders. Within the organization, all the
computers and devices are interconnected in a LAN network or using a WLAN (Wireless Local
Area Network). So, the most important task of network security administrator to secure its internal
as well as external network from intruders because there are ... Show more content on
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By sniffing a single wireless network, an intruder can access all the incoming and outgoing traffic
over that wireless network resulting in heavy loss of confidential data to an organization. If any
intruder able to crack firewall and he will be able to access wireless network's internal network and
can read all the confidential data and also can inject malicious packets in the network so as to route
the packets to some other destinations. There is large number of tools available in the market
through which a wireless network[1] can be cracked and sniffed such as: 802.11 wireless network
detector named Kismet, which is a wireless LAN detector named NetStumbler which uses 802.11b
and WireShark for analyzing a network.
In order to secure a wireless network from intruders several measures has to be taken care while
implementing wireless network within the organization.Encryption algorithms are used to encrypt
data over wireless network so that network cannot be easily read by the attackers. There are several
authentication techniques that can be implemented to secure data over wireless networks such as:
biometric technique, OTP method and Single Sign on techniques are used. Attackers use several
methods to crack wireless passwords like brute forcing, so as to secure passwords strong passwords
with special characters and keys has to be used making it difficult to crack.Wi–Fi Protected Access
(WPA) or Wired Equivalent Privacy[4] (WEP) encryption is used by most of the

E Commerce Security Threats And The Solutions Essay
During the early 1960's, E–Commerce businesses conducted electronic transactions via primitive
computer networks" but the way these transactions were exchanged provided little to no
security(34).This made online transactions on WWW(World Wide Web), not reliable and unsecured
making consumers eager to not take the chance of risking their information, on an unprotected
system. During the early 1960's came "Electronic Data Interchange(EDI). EDI replaced traditional
mailing and faxing of documents with a digital transfer of data from one computer to another".
(35)This was the first step toward the E–Commerce that is present today.Then the influential SSL
protocol would come to be which helped to improve the state of security on the WWW. This led to
more protocols being introduced, leading to other detrimental protocols such as (3D Secure, TLS,
SET). These protocols, that were just mentioned are still widely used today. This paper will go over
the threats and the solutions of E–Commerce security. E–Commerce security threats according to
"FindLaw UK, major threats to E–Commerce can be grouped into two categories, malicious and
accidental threats".(34) The first threat gone over will be malicious threats which "include hackers
attempting to penetrate a system and steal sensitive data, burglars stealing a laptop that has sensitive
data on it and impostors posing as legitimate users and then copying website information".
(34)Another major threat to E–Commerce "involves attackers

Transfer Protocol : The Amazing Development Of The Internet
Hypertext Transfer Protocol The incredible development of the internet has begun a booming of
both business and individual communications leading to the expansion of e–mail and e–commerce.
As a matter of fact, studies indicate that most of the internet communication content is e–mail
content. The result of this is the continuing demand concerning security and privacy in electronic
communication. The call and want for privacy and security has led to the arrival of proposals for
security that are discussed in the following contents of this paper. HTTP, also known as Hypertext
Transfer Protocol, designates how information is transferred between client and server over the Web.
The credit for the invention of the first HTTP is given to Tim Berners–Lee and the members of his
team in 1989 (Berners–Lee). The first HTTP only had a single method called GET, which requested
a single page from a server (Berners–Lee). Today, HTTP is the protocol allowing text, multimedia,
etc. to be downloaded from an HTTP server. HTTP determines what actions can be requested by
clients and how servers should handle the requests. HTTP clients make requests to servers running
HTTP web servers. For determining what page should be downloaded, HTTP employs a uniform
resource locator (URL) from a remote server. The URL comprises of the kind of request, for
instance, http://, the name of the server being contacted (for example, ysu.edu), and by choice the
page being requested, (for example, /records). In

Case Review: The Hacking Case Of Yahoo
Introduction
With the evolution of technology, the number of hacking incidents and data breaches has been
increased. Hacking indicates to utilizing computers to perpetrate fraudulent actions such as security
attack, or stealing confidential data. Hackers identify and exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems
or networks to gain access to the system. According to an article published by the BBC, hacking
incidents cost small and big organization billions of pounds over the years. There are two types of
hacking which are ethical hacking and unethical hacking. The objective of ethical hacking is to
recognize system vulnerabilities in order to develop security. Ethical hackers aim to steal
information or destroy other systems through performing malicious attacks. The main purpose of
this case study report is to examine the hacking case of Yahoo! that was occurred in 2014, as well as
recommendations will be considered to evaluate what should have been done to prevent the security
attacks.
Scope
Yahoo is one of the top internet search engines and web portal. The ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The hackers might hack into the system to recognize its weaknesses and develop it but there are
some hackers who hack into the system to destroy it or steal private data. Yahoo is one of the most
popular American companies that provide several services for its users utilizing its own search
engine. In 2014, Yahoo was exposed to one of the biggest data breaches in the history by the
Russians due to the weakness of its security methods, which helped the hackers to break into the
system easily to accomplish their goals. They were targeting specific people to get information
about the rift between the Russians and the Americans which was the essential reason of the hacking
incident. This incident caused significant losses to the company, including loss of confidence in
Yahoo by users and other companies as well as huge financial

IPsec and VPN
IPSec
Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a set of protocol for establishment of securing Internet Protocol
(IP) communications. Safety on data was established through process of authentication and
encryption of each IP packet in every communication session. At the beginning of the session,
mutual authentication between agents will established and cryptographic keys to be used will
arbitrated during the session. IPsec can be applied in protecting data flows not only between pair of
hosts and pair of security gateway but also for between a security gateway and a host.
IPsec provided end–to–end security in the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite. It is different
to other Internet security systems which is being use all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
VPNs can be either remote–access or site–to–site. In a corporate setting, remote–access VPNs allow
employees to access their company 's intranet from home or while traveling away from the office,
and site–to–site VPNs allow staff member in geographically disparate offices to share one cohesive
virtual network. A VPN also be used to interconnect two similar networks over a dissimilar middle
network. VPN systems may be classified by the protocols used to tunnel the traffic, the tunnel 's
termination point location, whether they offer site–to–site or remote–access connectivity, the levels
of security served or the OSI layer they present to the connecting network.
Therefore, in order to prevent exposure of confidential information, VPNs generally allow only
verified remote access and make use of encryption techniques. VPNs provide security by the use of
tunneling protocols and through security procedures such as encryption. The VPN security model
give confidentiality such that even if the network traffic is sniffed at the packet, an attacker would
only see encrypted data, sender authentication to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the
VPN and message integrity to detect any occurence of manipulating with transmitted messages
Secure VPN protocols include the following; Internet Protocol Security

Virtual Private Networks Pros And Cons
A VPN is one solution to establishing long–distance and/or open set of connection associations.
VPNs is usually implemented (deployed) by businesses or organizations rather than by persons, but
virtual networks be capable of reaching from within a home network. Compared to other
technologies, VPNs offers several advantages, mainly profits for wireless local area networking. For
an organization looking to supply a protected network communications for its client base, a VPN
offers two major compensations over other technologies: price savings, and system scalability. To
the clients accessing these networks, VPNs also carry a few payback of ease of use. Introduction
VPNs, or Virtual Private Networks, permit users to steadily ... Show more content on
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 OpenVPN. Using a VPN To use a VPN, each client must have the suitable networking software
or hardware maintain on their local network and computers. When set up appropriately, VPN
solutions are easy to use and sometimes can be made to work involuntarily as part of set–up sign on.
VPN technology also works well with Wi–Fi local area networking. Some organizations use VPNs
to protected wireless connections to their local way in points when functioning within the office.
These solutions give strong security without disturbing routine extremely. Limitations of a VPN
Regardless of their fame, VPNs are not perfect and restrictions live as is true for any technology.
Organizations be supposed to think about issues in the vein of the below while deploying and using
virtual private networks in their operations: 1. VPNs need a complete thoughtful of network safety
issues and alert setting up / configuration to make certain adequate safeguard on a public network
like the Internet. 1. The consistency and presentation of an Internet–based VPN is not below an
organization's straight control. In its place, the result relies on an ISP and their worth of service. 2.
In olden times, VPN products and solutions as of different vendors have not always been well–
suited due to issues with VPN technology standards. Attempting to Mix and match equipment may
perhaps cause technological troubles, and use equipment from one contributor may not provide as
enormous as a

The Internet And Its Effects On The World
The Internet has grown massively in the last six decades, making it one of the biggest inventions of
humanity so far. I would take it a step further and call it a necessity for todays people since most use
it for a considerable amount of time everyday. Tedious and everyday tasks have been revamped to fit
the digital concept so that anyone can accomplish them from the comfort of their chair. Internet
banking, e–commercing, socialising and paying the bills are only a fraction of everyday things you
can do online. Such activities involve sensitive data that need to be relayed securely over the
network and this happens with the help of OpenSSL. OpenSSL has been widely used in the last
couple of years but only recently researchers found a crucial bug in the code which shook the
internet community and made everyone question the stability of open–source projects.
KEYWORDS SSL; TLS; OpenSSL; Heartbeat; Heartbleed; Validation; Certificates 1.
INTRODUCTION It's evident that technology has massively evolved over the last century, bringing
new services on the table, such as communicating with people all over the world, ecommercing or
generally doing things that would take a lot of time with the press of just a few buttons. A new world
unfolded since tons of information was being shared on the Internet. That, led to the need for data
encryption and it didn't take long for cryptographic protocols to be created, obfuscating data so that
no eavesdropper would be able to see what was being

A Brief Note On Peer Communication And The Client Server...
Data Networking
Assignment No: 2
Ans 1.Peer to peer communication provides reliable connection, all the resources are available with
its users, inexpensive and is more robust as compared to the client–server model which is why most
applications use this type of communication. However, certain applications instant messaging, e–
mailing and video calling prefer client–server model to perform certain functions for the reasons that
follows:
 Client–server model is centralized which means all the files that are stored in the same place and
can be easily administered.
 The servers can be accessed remotely making its accessibility easier
 The peers don't need any storage space as the server keeps all the resources and information like
peer to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
 If about ten computers are connected at a time, then the quality of the communication
deteriorates.
 Back–up and recovery of every workstation connected in the system makes it tedious.
 Full–time system administrator is required.
Ans 2.No, the immediate response will not be sent to the new IP address. When a user access
www.google .com the DNS resolvers through which the website is accessed will cache the
information like the IP address for a particular TTL time which could be few hours. Now, when
changes are made, the DNS resolver all over the world that has not accessed www.google.com
which is very rare will get immediately updated but the ones that have the information cached will
not get updated till the TTL time is over. Hence, the web–cache server will send the information
with the old IP of the website to the user who is accessing the DNS server that has the information
cached and once the TTL time is over the user will be able to access the website with the new IP
address(167.45.45.46).
When a domain name resolving is done, the first place the PC will look into is the root name server(
root NS).
Ans 3.
a) TCP and SSL
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

 Transport Layer Protocol, helps in transportation of packets  Application layer protocol
 It provided error free and reliable communication  It is a communication security protocol
 TCP is a main protocol  TCP uses SSL to make

Business Analysis : Mmis Bakery
MMIS Bakery is a private company owned by Maria serving as President (CEO) and Jean (COO)
with 30 employees involved in baking, decorating, retail, sales and administration, and also training
over a decade now. It has three retail locations, all located within the state of Florida. The products
offered at the retail location include cakes, cupcakes, cookies, pies, and beverages. A small
percentage of the products are also sold in the Caribbean and Canada using independent distributors.
Additionally, a few of products will be specifically made for particular wholesalers depending on
customer orders.
An important feature of their products is that, most of the ingredients used in the preparation are
organically grown, no preservatives are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cost of the goods eventually decreased over the time which is a good sign for company's revenue. In
the year 2014, 'Engineering and product development' spent $170,000 and the very next year the
expense came down by $300 thousand. The sales and marketing expenses are $390,000 and total
sales is $2.57 million, which shows that the current marketing strategies are not of much help and
hence, implementing an e–commerce site would strengthen the sales. There is an eventual increase
in total assets and at the same time decrease in current liabilities and, long term depths that, it's a
good sign for new investments.
Anticipated Benefits of developing e–commerce site
E–commerce has fundamentally changed the lifestyle of the people. E–commerce has expanded
rapidly that business transactions and services have no barriers. Some of the anticipated benefits of
implementing e–commerce site by MMIS Bakery are:
1. Investment to start as e–commerce site is considerably less and it is similar to expanding business
but with a virtual store.
2. It covers wide range of market such as retail & wholesale, and online orders from individual
customers, cafes and coffee shops, restaurants and hotels, local and regional Supermarkets widens
the business.
3. The multi–channel marketing and e–commerce site makes it easy for the consumers to know
about the product details and then purchase them in whichever way is more convenient for

The Inherent Problem of an Outdated Certificate Revocation...
When certificates become old, outdated, or compromised the web certificate may be revoked.
Revoking certificates provides the Internet companies the ability to tell users that they have changed
their security certificates. This research will introduce the inherent problem of an outdated
certificate revocation system. This research will follow the mixed methods approach and consult
many different types of research documents, tests, and discussions. This research will also document
the level of knowledge that IT staff have when understanding certificate revocation. Some of the
finding found during the initial research of certificate revocation found that there are better ways to
use certificate revocation and that many browser companies ... Show more content on
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These companies have neglected to enforce by default SSL/TLS certificate revocation checking. By
doing this, these companies have put their users at risk of phishing scams and/or man–in–the–
middle attacks. Although users can change the certification revocation check settings, many users do
understand the risk. Research conducted on this topic is just recently been released (within the last
couple years). Questions still come up and my research project will attempt to answer these
questions: Strict enforcement of certificate revocation can be set within browser, but even the most
technical person may not be able to find and set these settings. Once the strict setting are set, what
will the browser do if a certificate check times out and how will a user know that the certificate
timed out rather than being revoked? If strict checking is enabled and an attacker can prevent
responses from a certificate server than the users are denied from accessing that website, allowing
the attack to shut traffic off from the targeted server. What can browser companies do to enforce a
stricter certificate revocation check process? These questions will provide good data representing
the inherent problem with web browsers and checking revoked certificates. This research project
will focus on a mixed method, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather and compare
data. This research will include data gathered from other research,

The Impact Of Internet On The Information Industry After...
SCOPE
This era of computing and communication will extend beyond the realm of the traditional desktops,
laptops and even mobile devices. The Internet of Things aims to extend the Internet services into the
real world day to day objects. Internet of Things is essentially an intelligent network of a wide array
of devices (information sensing devices) exchanging information and interacting with each other via
the Internet and within the boundaries of certain protocols. We can thus characterize IoT as an
ecosystem of connected people, objects and services, enabled by a pervasive and transparent
technology designed to improve our quality of life. Internet of Things (IoT) can be envisaged as the
single greatest technological wave in the information industry after the magnanimous Internet.
According to Garter's technology cycle curve, the interest in IoT reached its peak in 2014 and ranks
second in the top technological trends that would dominate in 2015 [1].
Even though the IoT trend seems pervasive, unified and seamless, there are still several factors that
need to be taken care of before the actual deployment of a full–fledged IoT network. The Internet of
Things currently lacks in theory, structure and standards that integrate the Internet with the real
world sensing devices. Some of these factors include the provisioning low powered nodes,
identification and locating the devices and being able to provide secure communication between
them, distributed intelligence among many

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