Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
Newspapers
1. The Washington Post
The Washington Post is an American daily newspaper. It is the most widely circulated newspaper published
in Washington, D.C., and was founded in 1877, making it the area's oldest extant newspaper. Located in the
capital city of the United States, the newspaper has a particular emphasis on national politics. Daily editions are
printed for the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia. The newspaper is published as a broadsheet, with
photographs printed both in color and in black and white.
The Post is generally regarded as one of the leading daily American newspapers,[14]
along with The New York
Times, and The Wall Street Journal. The Post has distinguished itself through its political reporting on the
workings of the White House, Congress, and other aspects of the U.S. government.
Unlike the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post does not print an edition for
distribution away from the East Coast. In 2009, the newspaper ceased publication of its National Weekly
Edition, which combined stories from the week's print editions, due to shrinking circulation. The majority of its
newsprint readership is indistrict of Columbia and its suburbs in Maryland and Northern Virginia.
The newspaper's weekday and Saturday printings include the following sections:
Main section, containing the front page, national and international news, business, politics, and editorials
and opinions
Metro section, containing local news
Style section, with feature writing on pop culture, politics, fine and performing arts, film, fashion, and
gossip, along with advice columns and comics
Sports section
Classified advertising
Sunday editions largely include the weekday sections as well as Outlook (opinion), Arts, Travel, Comics, TV
Week, and the Washington Post Magazine. The Sunday Style section differs slightly from the weekday Style
section; it is in a tabloid format, and it houses the reader-written humor contest The Style Invitational.
Additional weekly sections appear on weekdays: Health & Science on Tuesday, Food on Wednesday, Local
Living (home and garden) on Thursday, and Weekend, with details about upcoming events in the local area, on
Friday. The latter two are in a tabloid format.
Post-Graham period
In 1996, the newspaper established a website.
In 2010, the newspaper cited its local focus as a reason for running its first-ever front page advertisement:
the Capital One ad was being run to draw attention to the rebranding ofchevy Chase Bank, a bank Capital One
bought in 2009. According to the Post's vice president of advertising, the page one advertisement is a "...very
local, useful-information-for-our-readers type of campaign."
2. In 2013, the newspaper announced that it has plans to start charging frequent users of its website, with many
exceptions (such as for government employees browsing from work, and for students browsing from school).
As of March 2013, pricing has not been determined yet.
The paper has won numerous awards for its content, including more than 60 Pulitzer Prizes.
The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York
City since September 18, 1851. It has won 112 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other news organization. Its
website is one of America's most popular news sites, and the most popular among all the nation's newspapers,
receiving more than 30 million unique visitors per month as reported in January 2011.
The paper's print version remains the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States and third-
largest newspaper overall, behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today. Following industry trends, its
weekday circulation has fallen to fewer than one million daily since 1990. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New
York Times is long regarded within the industry as a national "newspaper of record".[7]
It is owned by The New
York Times Company. Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr., whose family has controlled the paper since 1896, is both
the paper's publisher and the company's chairman. Its international version, formerly the International Herald
Tribune, is now called the International NewYork Times.
The paper's motto, "All the News That's Fit to Print", appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. Its
website has adapted it to "All the News That's Fit to Click". It is organized into sections: News, Opinions,
Business, Arts, Science, Sports, Style, Home, and Features. The NewYork Times stayed with the eight-column
format for several years after most papers switched to six, and was one of the last newspapers to adopt color
photography.
The New York Times is third in national circulation, after USA Today and The Wall Street Journal.
In addition to its New York City headquarters, the newspaper has 10 news bureaus in the New York region, 11
national news bureaus and 26 foreign news bureaus. The New York Times reduced its page width to 12 inches
3. (300 mm) from 13.5 inches (340 mm) on August 6, 2007, adopting the width that has become the U.S.
newspaper industry standard.
Reputation and awards
The New York Times has established links regionally with 16 bureaus in the New York region, nationally, with
11 bureaus within the United States, and globally, with 26 foreign news bureaus.
The New York Times has won 112 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper. The prize is awarded for
excellence in journalism in a range of categories
Web presence[edit]
The New York Times has had a strong presence on the Web since 1996, and has been ranked one of the top
Web sites.
In 2008, The New York Times created an app for the iphone and ipod touch which allowed users to download
articles to their mobile device enabling them to read the paper even when they were unable to receive a signal.
In April 2010, The New York Times announced it will begin publishing daily content through an ipad app. As of
October 2010, The New York Times ipad app is ad-supported and available for free without a paid subscription,
but translated into a subscription-based model in 2011.
In 2010, the newspaper also launched an App for Android smartphones.
The Guardian
The Guardian is an international online publication and a British daily newspaper. Founded in 1821, it was
known as The Manchester Guardian until 1959. From its beginnings as a local paper it has grown into a
national paper associated with a complex organisational structure and an international multimedia and web
presence. The Guardian is currently edited by Alan Rusbridger. Its sister papers include The Observer (a
British Sunday paper) and The Guardian Weekly. It has two online outlets based outside the United
Kingdom, Guardian Australia and Guardian US.
Political stance and editorial opinion
Founded by textile traders and merchants, The Guardian had a reputation as "an organ of the middle class", or
in the words of C.P. Scott's son Ted "a paper that will remain bourgeois to the last". "I write for the Guardian,"
said Sir Max Hastings in 2005, "because it is read by the new establishment", reflecting the paper's then
growing influence.
4. The paper's readership is generally on the mainstream left of British political opinion: a MORI poll taken
between April and June 2000 showed that 80% of Guardian readers werelabour Party voters;[102]
according to
another MORI poll taken in 2005, 48% of Guardian readers were Labour voters and 34% Liberal
Democrat voters. The newspaper's reputation as a platform for liberal and left-wing opinions has led to the use
of the epithet "Guardian reader" as a label for middle-class people holding such views, or sometimes as a
negative stereotype of such people as middle class, earnest and politically correct.