newspaper-news-online-1233974733006114-2 (1).pdf

Newspaper
Newspaper
and
and
News Online
News Online
http://jrclass.ning.com

 A newspaper is a written publication
containing news, information and
advertising, usually printed on low-cost
paper called newsprint.
 General-interest newspapers often
feature articles on political events,
crime, business, art/entertainment, soci
ety and sports.
 Most traditional papers also feature an
editorial page containing columns which
express the personal opinions of writers.
Supplementary sections may contain adv
ertising, comics, coupons, and other
printed media.
Newspaper
Newspaper

Newspapers are most often
published on a daily or weekly
basis, and they usually focus on
one particular geographic area
where most of their readers
live.
Despite recent setbacks in
circulation and profits
newspapers are still the most
iconic outlet for news and
other types of written
journalism
Newspaper
Newspaper

 A daily newspaper is issued every day, sometimes with
the exception of Sundays and some national holidays .
Saturday and, where they exist, Sunday editions of
daily newspapers tend to be larger, include more
specialized sections and advertising inserts, and cost
more.
 Typically, the majority of these newspapers’ staff
work Monday to Friday, so the Sunday and Monday
editions largely depend on content done in advance or
content that is syndicated. Most daily newspapers are
published in the morning. Afternoon or evening papers
are aimed more at commuters and office workers
Newspaper
Newspaper

• There is some debate over
which publication was the first
newspaper because the
definition of a newspaper has
been flexible.
• In ancient Rome, Acta Diurna
,or government
announcement bulletins, were
made public by Julius
Caesar. They were carved on
stone or metal and posted in
public places.
Newspaper
Newspaper

• In China, early government-produced news sheets,
called tipao , circulated among court officials during the late
Han dynasty (second and third centuries AD).
• Between 713 and 734, the Kai Yuan Za Bao of the
Chinese Tang Dynasty published government news; it was
handwritten on silk and read by government officials.
• In 1582 there was the first reference to privately-
published newssheets in Beijing, during the late
Ming Dynasty;[1] by 1638 the Beijing Gazette switched
from woodblock print to movable type printing
Newspaper
Newspaper

จากแผ่นประกาศข่าว วิวัฒนาการ
เป็นจดหมายข่าว และหนังสือข่าว
รายงานข่าวสารทางการค้า การเมือง
แล้วพัฒนาเป็นหนังสือพิมพ์ซึ่งเกิดขึ้น
หลังจาก พ.ศ. 1997 ที่ โจฮัน กูเต็น
เบิร์ก ชาวเยอรมัน ประดิษฐ์
เครื่องพิมพ์และ ตัวพิมพ์ขึ้น และ วิล
เลี่ยม แซกส์ตัน นำาเครื่องพิมพ์ไปใช้
ในประเทศอังกฤษ
Newspaper
Newspaper

The Dutch Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. of 1618 is
also considered by some to be the first modern newspaper
since the Relation looks more like a book than what is now
considered a newspaper.
Newspaper
Newspaper
The newspaper Opregte Haarlemsche Courant from Haarlem
, first published in 1656, is considered by some to be the
oldest continuously published newspaper, though it was force
d to merge with the newspaper Haarlems Dagblad in 1942 by
the German occupier. Since then the Haarlems Dagblad app
ears with the subtitle Oprechte Haerlemse Courant 1656 and
considers itself to be the oldest still-publishing newspaper in t
he world.

 In the English-speaking world, Nathaniel Butter is often
credited with the creation of the first news periodical in 1622.
 The earliest papers in the United Kingdom were devoted to
politics and government proceedings.
 In 1702, the first daily newspaper called The Daily Courant
was published.
 In Boston in 1690, Benjamin Harris published
Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick. This is
considered the first newspaper in the American colonies
even though only one edition was published before the pape
r was suppressed by the government.
 In 1704, the governor allowed the Boston News-Letter to
be published and it became the first “continuously published”
newspaper in the colonies.
Newspaper
Newspaper

 Soon after, weekly papers began publishing in New York
and Philadelphia. These early newspapers followed the Britis
h format and were usually four pages long.
 They mostly carried news from Britain and content
depended on the editor’s interests.
 In 1783, the Pennsylvania Evening Post became the first
American daily. In 1751, John Bushell’s Halifax Gazette
became the first Canadian newspaper.
 By the early 19th century, many cities in Western and
Eastern Europe, as well as North and South America, publish
ed newspaper-type publications though not all of them devel
oped in the same way; content was vastly shaped by regiona
l and cultural preferences
Newspaper
Newspaper

 Advances in printing technology
during the Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
were responsible for turning the
newspaper into a widely circulated
means of communication.
 In 1814, The Times of London
acquired a printing press capable of
making 1,100 impressions per
minute.[4] Soon, it was adapted to
print on both sides of a page at
once.
Newspaper
Newspaper
John Walter (1738/9 - November 17, 1812), founder of The Times newspaper, London

 This innovation made
newspapers cheaper and thus
available to a larger part of the
population.
 In 1833, Benjamin Day
printed the first penny press
newspaper, The New York Sun.
 Penny press papers cost
about one sixth the price of
other newspapers and
appealed to a wider audience.[
Newspaper
Newspaper

the World Association of Newspapers
recognizes Johann Carolus’s Relation aller
Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien,
(Collection of all distinguished and commemo
rable news). published in 1605, as the world’s
first newspaper.
Newspaper
Newspaper

หนังสือพิมพ์ในประเทศไทย
Thai Newspaper
Thai Newspaper
วิวัฒนาการของหนังสือพิมพ์ใน
ประเทศไทย เริ่มตั้งแต่สมัยรัชกาลที่ 3
โดยมีกลุ่มมิชชันนารีอเมริกันเป็นเจ้าของ
และบรรณาธิการ ซึ่งหมอบรัดเลย์ได้ออก
หนังสือพิมพ์ข่าวรายปักษ์เล่มแรกของไทย
ชื่อ "บางกอกรีคอร์เดอร์" พิมพ์ด้วยภาษา
ไทยและอังกฤษ แต่มีอายุได้ไม่ถึง 2 ปีก็
ต้องปิดกิจการลง
หลังจากนั้นก็มีหนังสือพิมพ์ออกมา
อีกหลายฉบับ ทั้งรายสัปดาห์ รายปักษ์
และรายปี อาทิ หนังสือพิมพ์บางกอกคา

• สมัยรัชกาลที่ 4 ทรงเป็นผู้จัดทำา
หนังสือพิมพ์รายวันภาษาไทย ชื่อ "ราชกิจ
จานุเบกษา" เพื่อชี้แจงข่าวคลาดเคลื่อนที่
ตีพิมพ์ในหนังสือพิมพ์ของหมอบรัดเลย์
และเพื่อแจ้งข่าวการบริหารพระราชภารกิจ
ทางการเมือง
• ในสมัยรัชกาลที่ 5 เริ่มมีหนังสือพิมพ์
ภาษาไทยฉบับแรกที่เผยแพร่สู่ประชาชน
ชื่อ "ดรุโณวาท" ในยุคนี้วงการ
หนังสือพิมพ์ตื่นตัวมากโดยมีการออก
หนังสือพิมพ์ถึง 59 ฉบับ
• สมัยรัชกาลที่ 6 กิจการหนังสือพิมพ์
ก้าวหน้ามาก ต่อเนื่องมาถึงรัชกาลที่ 7 มี
Thai Newspaper
Thai Newspaper

สมัยรัชกาลที่ 8 ต่อเนื่องรัชกาล
ปัจจุบัน หนังสือพิมพ์เริ่มถูกควบคุม
โดยรัฐบาล และเมื่อปี 2501 เกิด
รัฐประหาร นำาโดย จอมพลสฤษดิ์
ธนะรัชต์ หนังสือพิมพ์ตกไปอยู่ภาย
ใต้การควบคุมของประกาศคณะ
ปฏิวัติ
ในยุคนี้มีหนังสือพิมพ์ 31 ฉบับ
เช่น
หนังสือพิมพ์เกียรติศักดิ์
(2495-2513) เดลินิวส์ (2507-ปัจุ
จบัน) เดลิเมย์ (2493-2501)
ไทยรัฐ (2492-ปัจจุบัน) ไทยเดลี่
Thai Newspaper
Thai Newspaper

News Online
News Online
Recent developments on the Internet
are, however, posing major challenges
to the business model of many
newspapers.
Paid circulation is declining in most
countries, and advertising revenue,
which makes up the bulk of most
newspapers’ income, is shifting from
print to online, resulting in a general
decline in newspaper profits.
This has led to some predictions that
newspapers will shrink or even
disappear, although new media
technologies such as radio and
television never supplanted print media

 The term
The term "
"information technology
information technology"
" came about
came about
in the
in the 1970s.
1970s. Its basic concept, however, can be
Its basic concept, however, can be
traced back even further
traced back even further.
.
 Throughout the 20th century, an alliance
Throughout the 20th century, an alliance
between the military and various industries has
between the military and various industries has
existed in the development of
existed in the development of electronics
electronics,
,
computers
computers, and
, and information theory.
information theory.
 The military has historically driven such research
The military has historically driven such research
by providing motivation and funding for
by providing motivation and funding for
innovation in the field of mechanization and
innovation in the field of mechanization and
computing
computing.
.
information technology

 Founded in 1961 as the Association of Data
Founded in 1961 as the Association of Data
Processing Services Organizations
Processing Services Organizations (
(ADAPSO
ADAPSO)
),
,
the
the Information Technology Association of
Information Technology Association of
America (ITAA)
America (ITAA)provides global public policy,
provides global public policy,
business networking, market intelligence, and
business networking, market intelligence, and
leadership to promote the continued rapid
leadership to promote the continued rapid
growth of the IT industry
growth of the IT industry.
. ITAA consists of
ITAA consists of
approximately 325 corporate members
approximately 325 corporate members
throughout the U
throughout the U.
.S
S.
., and is secretariat of the
, and is secretariat of the Wor
Wor
ld Information Technology and Services Alliance (
ld Information Technology and Services Alliance (
WITSA).
WITSA)., a global network of 67 countries' IT
, a global network of 67 countries' IT
associations
associations..
..

 The Association plays a leading role in issues of IT
The Association plays a leading role in issues of IT
industry concern including information security,
industry concern including information security,
taxes and finance policy, digital intellectual
taxes and finance policy, digital intellectual
property protection, telecommunications
property protection, telecommunications
competition, workforce and education,
competition, workforce and education,
immigration, online privacy and consumer
immigration, online privacy and consumer
protection, government IT procurement, human
protection, government IT procurement, human
resources and e
resources and e-
-commerce policy
commerce policy.
.
 ITAA members range from the smallest IT start
ITAA members range from the smallest IT start-
-
ups to industry leaders in the Internet, software, IT
ups to industry leaders in the Internet, software, IT
services, digital content, systems integration,
services, digital content, systems integration,
telecommunications, and enterprise solution fields
telecommunications, and enterprise solution fields.
.

 The first commercial computer was the
The first commercial computer was the UNIVAC I.
UNIVAC I. It was
It was
designed by
designed by J. Presper Eckert
J. Presper Eckert and
and John Mauchly
John Mauchly for the
for the
U.S. Census Bureau.
U.S. Census Bureau.
 The late 70s saw the rise of
The late 70s saw the rise of microcomputers
microcomputers, followed
, followed
closely by
closely by IBM
IBM's
's personal computer
personal computer in 1981
in 1981.
.
 Since then, four generations of computers have evolved
Since then, four generations of computers have evolved.
.
Each generation represented a step that was
Each generation represented a step that was
characterized by hardware of decreased size and
characterized by hardware of decreased size and
increased capabilities
increased capabilities.
.
 The first generation used
The first generation used vacuum tubes
vacuum tubes, the second
, the second
transistors
transistors, and the third
, and the third integrated circuits.
integrated circuits. The fourth
The fourth
(
(and current
and current)
) generation uses more complex systems
generation uses more complex systems
such as
such as Very-large-scale integration.
Very-large-scale integration.

Today, the term Information Technology has
Today, the term Information Technology has
ballooned to encompass many aspects of
ballooned to encompass many aspects of
computing and technology, and the term is
computing and technology, and the term is
more recognizable than ever before
more recognizable than ever before.
.
 The Information Technology umbrella can be
The Information Technology umbrella can be
quite large, covering many fields
quite large, covering many fields.
.
 IT professionals perform a variety of duties
IT professionals perform a variety of duties
that range from installing applications to
that range from installing applications to
designing complex computer networks and
designing complex computer networks and
information databases
information databases.
.

A few of the duties that
A few of the duties that
IT professionals perform may
IT professionals perform may
include
include:
:
 Data Management
Data Management
 Computer Networking
Computer Networking
 Database Systems Design
Database Systems Design
 Software design
Software design
 Management Information Systems
Management Information Systems
 Systems management
Systems management

 Information Technology
Information Technology (
(IT
IT), as defined by the
), as defined by the Information
Information
Technology Association of America
Technology Association of America (ITAA) is: "the study,
(ITAA) is: "the study,
design, development, implementation, support or managem
design, development, implementation, support or managem
ent of computer-based information systems, particularly sof
ent of computer-based information systems, particularly sof
tware applications and computer hardware." In short, IT deal
tware applications and computer hardware." In short, IT deal
s with the use of electronic
s with the use of electronic computers
computers and
and computer
computer
software
software to
to convert
convert,
, store
store,
, protect
protect,
, process
process,
, transmit
transmit and
and
retrieve
retrieve information, securely.
information, securely.
 In this definition, the term "
In this definition, the term "information
information" can usually be
" can usually be
replaced by "
replaced by "data
data" without loss of meaning. Recently it has b
" without loss of meaning. Recently it has b
ecome popular to broaden the term to explicitly include the f
ecome popular to broaden the term to explicitly include the f
ield of
ield of electronic communication
electronic communication so that people tend to use t
so that people tend to use t
he abbreviation
he abbreviation ICT
ICT (
(Information and Communication
Information and Communication
Technology
Technology).
).

ไอซีที
ไอซีที (
(ICT
ICT)
) หมายถึง
หมายถึง
เทคโนโลยีสำาหรับการ
เทคโนโลยีสำาหรับการ
ประมวลผลสารสนเทศ ซึ่ง
ประมวลผลสารสนเทศ ซึ่ง
ครอบคลุมถึงการรับ
ครอบคลุมถึงการรับ-
-ส่ง
ส่ง,
,
แปลง
แปลง,
, จัดเก็บ
จัดเก็บ,
, ประมวลผล
ประมวลผล
และค้นคืนสารสนเทศ
และค้นคืนสารสนเทศ.
.

 ในช่วงปีค
ในช่วงปีค.
.ศ
ศ.
. 1980
1980 เครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์ยังมี
เครื่องคอมพิวเตอร์ยังมี
เพียงส่วนประมวลผลข้อมูล
เพียงส่วนประมวลผลข้อมูล
เท่านั้น แต่ปัจจุบันเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศได้
เท่านั้น แต่ปัจจุบันเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศได้
ขยายตัว และมีการยอมรับ
ขยายตัว และมีการยอมรับ
อย่างกว้างขวาง และยังขยายตัวอย่างรวดเร็ว
อย่างกว้างขวาง และยังขยายตัวอย่างรวดเร็ว
ในส่วนของอุปกรณ์
ในส่วนของอุปกรณ์
 ในการประยุกต์ การบริการ และพื้นฐานทาง
ในการประยุกต์ การบริการ และพื้นฐานทาง
เทคโนโลยี สามารถ
เทคโนโลยี สามารถ
แบ่งกลุ่มย่อยเป็น
แบ่งกลุ่มย่อยเป็น 3
3 กลุ่ม ได้แก่ คอมพิวเตอร์
กลุ่ม ได้แก่ คอมพิวเตอร์,
,
การสื่อสาร และข้อมูล
การสื่อสาร และข้อมูล
แบบมัลติมีเดีย ซึ่งในแต่ละกลุ่มนี้ยังแบ่งเป้นก
แบบมัลติมีเดีย ซึ่งในแต่ละกลุ่มนี้ยังแบ่งเป้นก

Print readership is down, partly because newspapers no
longer have a monopoly position in their markets; readers
have many more news option – and almost all are free.
Equally important, advertising revenue, from which
newspapers garner the majority of their revenue, has done
nothing but drop year after year with the rise of free
classified ad websites like Craigslist.
And the current economic recession has caused a
precipitous decline in advertising and consequently
newspaper revenues. The Tribune Company – which owns
the Chicago Tribune and Los Angeles Times – has recently
filed for bankruptcy3; profits and stock price at the New York
Times are down. There are also rumors that the Rocky
Mountain News may shut down.4
Crisis in Print
Crisis in Print

 When looking at the 2008 data in comparison to
previous years, it is clear that in response to the
crisis newspapers are aggressively expanding the
features present on their websites and
experimenting with new technology in an effort to
attract and retain online readers.
 The year 2008 saw a large increase in the use of
social bookmarking tools, article commenting and
integration of user generated content by newspapers
as they attempt to evolve from simple news sites
into community portals.
Crisis in Print
Crisis in Print

Facing plummeting print circulation and an extremely
challenging economy, the newspaper industry is clearly in
crisis. According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations,
American newspapers have seen a steady decline in print
circulation over the last fourteen years.
1 This trend directly correlates with the rise of the Internet
as a news source. Indeed, in October of 2008 The Christian
Science Monitor announced that it would be the first major
newspaper to stop its daily print edition and exist only online.
2 Today s newspapers are in a situation where they must
‟
embrace new technologies in order to stay relevant and
survive.
Crisis in Print
Crisis in Print

. This study examines how newspapers are responding to
this crisis by investing more in their web programs and
evolving their websites from simple news delivery
mechanisms into online communities.
The study evaluates the web programs of America s top
‟
100 newspapers based on the features included, with a
focus on tools that increase interactivity and immediacy.
The Bivings Group conducted similar studies in 2006 and
2007, and data from those reports is used to show how
newspaper web programs are evolving along with the
challenges they face.
Crisis in Print
Crisis in Print

 Newspapers are experimenting with
user generated content. The study found
that 58 % of newspapers allowed for user
generated photos, while 18 % accepted
video and 15 % articles. Overall, 58 % of
newspapers offered some form of user
generated content in 2008 compared to 24
% in 2007.
Key Findings

 Research shows that the number of newspaper
websites allowing users to comment on articles has
more than doubled in the last year.
 75 %of newspapers now accept article comments
in some form, compared to 33 % in 2007.
 10% of newspapers had social networking tools,
such as user profiles and the ability to “friend” other
users, built into their sites in 2008.
 This compares to 5 % of sites that included
this feature in 2007.
 It is surprising that this number isn t higher.
‟
Key Findings

 76 % of newspapers offered a Most Popular
view of content in some form (Most Emailed, Most
Blogged, Most Commented, etc.).
 This compares to 51 % in 2007 and 33 % in
2006.
 Not surprisingly, all the newspapers sites
examined in the study displayed some form of
online advertising. Indeed, 100 % of newspapers
sites had some form of contextual advertising and
43 % featured interstitial ads.
Key Findings

 The number of websites requiring registration to
view most content (free or paid) has decreased
from 2007. Now only 11 % of websites require
registration to view full articles, compared to 29 %
in 2007 and 23 % in 2006.
All of the 100 newspapers in the study provide
some type of RSS feed. In 2007 all but 3
newspapers offered RSS feeds.
Key Findings

 Integration with external social bookmarking sites like
Digg and del.icio.us has increased dramatically the last
few years.
92 % of newspapers now include this option compared
to only 7 % in 2006.
 Of the new features examined in this year s study, we
‟
found that
57 % of newspapers offer PDF editions
20 % offer chatting options
96 % provide local weather information
40 % utilize SMS alerts and
70 % offer community event calendars.
Key Findings

•Registration Required: Whether one needs to register to access content past the
home page.
•Social Bookmarking: Can a user save this site to a social bookmarking services (i.e.
Digg, Delicious, Mixx, etc.)?
•Tags: Does the website have tags?
•Mobile Content: Does the website have a mobile version?
•SMS Alerts: Can you get SMS Alerts from the site?
•Video: Does the website have videos?
•Photo Features: Does the website have photo features?
•Podcasts: Does the site have podcasts?
•Chat Options: Does the site host a chat service for viewers?
•RSS: Does the site have a RSS feed?
•RSS for different sections: Do various sections have RSS feeds?
•Partial/Full: Is the RSS a full or partial feed?
•RSS Includes Ads: Does the RSS include ads?
•Reporter Blogs: Do the reporters have blogs?
•Reporter Blog Comments: Can viewers comment on the blogs?
•Most Popular Sections: (i.e. Most Viewed or Most Emailed, etc.) Does the site have
a most viewed, most emailed, or most popular section?
Key Findings

•Comments on Articles: Can readers comment on the articles?
•User Generated Articles: Can the users submit their own articles to the site?
•User Generated Photos: Can the users add photos to the site?
•User Generated Videos: Can the users add videos to the site?
•Social Networking/User Profiles: Does the site have a social network?
•Homepage Customization: Can a user customize their homepage of the site?
•Flash News Boxes: Does the site have a flash box on the homepage that shows
various news stories?
•Interactive Features: Does the site have interactive features, meaning mashups, Flash
pieces, etc.?
•Weather: Does the homepage have a weather icon?
•Traffic: Does the homepage have a traffic icon?
•Community Calendar: Does the site have a community calendar?
•PDF Edition: Does the home page have a link picture/link of today s front page?
‟
•Ads: Does the page use traditional display ads, contextual ads (do they use services
like Google Adsense), and/or interstitial ads?
Key Findings

Social Bookmarking
Social bookmarking has gone from barely being used in 2006 (7 %) to an industry
standard in 2008 (92 % adoption).
Clearly, newspapers are integrating services like Delicious and Digg on their sites in an
effort to promote their content and increase page views and ultimately revenue.

Web Content and Platforms
The number of newspaper websites that offer podcasts has dropped slightly from last
year s high of 49 %. Now only 40 % of newspaper websites offer podcasts.
‟
Mobile content has increased this year from 53 % to 64 %, as more users not only want
to control the content they receive but the platform in which they see it on.

Article Comments
The number of websites accepting article comments has more than doubled in the last
year. In 2007 only 33 % of newspapers offered article comments, while now 75 % allow
readers to comment on at least some news articles.
Like social bookmarking, allowing users to make comments on articles is an easy way to
for newspapers to gauge what types of stories users are interested in and to create a
community around their content.

Social Networking
While most newspaper websites have implemented features like social bookmarking and
article comments, only 10% of the websites studied had some sort of social networking or
user profile system built into their sites.
This number has doubled from 2007 when only 5% of American
newspaper websites offered this feature. USA Today pioneered the concept by launching a
full on social network as part of their web program last year.

RSS
This year all newspaper websites the study examined offer RSS feeds. Last year all but
three newspaper websites used the feature, while in 2006 76 % of newspapers offered
this feature. In addition, 95 % of newspapers now offer RSS for different site sections.

Video
All newspaper websites had some sort of video player on their website. This feature was
only used by 61 % of newspaper websites when we first started doing reports in 2006. The
largest growth of this feature was between 2006 and 2007 when it went from 61% to 92%.

In 2008, 76 % of newspaper offered some sort of Most Popular view of their content
(Most emailed, read, blogged, etc.). In 2006, 51 % of newspaper sites offered this feature.

User Generated Content
A new aspect of this year s study was a review of whether newspaper websites accepted
‟
user generated content or not. For the purposes of the study, we looked at 3 major types of
content: user generated video, articles, and photos. Of these three content types photos
were the most widely used in 2008 with 58 % of websites offering this %percent offered
user generated articles.

Registration
The number of newspaper websites requiring registration to view content has dropped
considerably since 2007 from 29 % to only 11 % in 2008. While most every site strongly
suggests registration, only 11 % of newspaper websites restrict articles and features to non-
registered users.
The sites that require registration
include many of the newspapers in
the upper quartile such as The Wall
Street Journal, the nation s second
‟
highest selling newspaper, The New
York Times, The Washington Post
and The Arizona Republic the tenth.
While these sites still require
registration they are all free of
charge.

Blogs
Since 2007 the number of newspaper websites with reporter blogs has stayed the same. An
overwhelming majority of newspaper websites (95 %) have continued to feature reporter
blogs.

Online Advertising
Every newspaper the study examined featured some sort of online advertising. Indeed,
100% of newspapers provided some form of contextual advertising, similar to Google
Adwords. 43 % of newspaper websites used interstitial advertising.

Tags
Newspapers continue to not use tags to organize content on their websites. In 2008, only
nine percent of newspapers had article tagging on their websites.

Conclusion
hen looking at the data over our studies from 2006 to 2008 it
becomes evident that newspapers are opening up their
websites to more and more users.
With a decrease in registration requirements and increase of
interactive features such as social bookmarking and article
comments, newspapers are trying to appeal to a wider
audience.
This indicates a clear change in how American newspapers
see the Internet.
Now, rather than a threat to readership, the newspaper
industry is starting to try to use the Internet to build online
communities around their publications.

This shift is not an easy one. Newspapers still have to find a way to
be profitable while still expanding free readership.
But rather then fight the changes in online media newspapers have
slowly embraced them.
Last year, The Bivings Group predicted a boom in newspapers
sites offering social networking features.
While the feature did double from 5 %to 10 % we expected much
more then a 5 % jump. Instead, newspaper websites have fine-tuned
the tools and features that improved users ability to access
information and share it with a wider audience.
Rather than focusing on every Internet trend, newspapers have
been focusing on only those that would improve their relationship
with their readers and expanding the page views for their articles.
What remains to be seen is how these new tools will improve
profitability in an increasingly digital age.

As we look at the current state of the American
newspaper industry, it appears that improving websites is a
crucial component for newspapers to weather the current
economic downturn and continued consumer shift towards
online news and classified ads.
This is particularly apparent as newspaper staffs are cut
and stock prices fall. However, it is very important to note
that boosting a newspaper s web presence is not enough.
‟
Even if growth in traffic to newspaper website increase
dramatically, it is not yet, and may never be, enough to
make up for the hit the industry is taking from declining print
advertising revenue.

Lastly, our study shows that newspapers are trying
to improve their web programs and experimenting
with a variety of new features.
However, having actually reviewed all these
newspaper websites it is hard not to be left with the
impression that the sites are being improved
incrementally on the margins.
Newspapers are focused on improving what they
already have, when reinvention may be what is
necessary in order for the industry to come out of the
current crisis on the other side.

AMERICAN
AMERICAN
NEWSPAPERS
NEWSPAPERS
AND
AND
THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET

AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS AND THE
INTERNET
INTERNET
 In recent years, newspapers have
been experiencing declines in both
print readership and circulation.
Specifically, daily circulation losses
have totaled 6.3 % over the past 3 year
s, and daily readership declined by nea
rly 2% in 2006

 The use of RSS increased in 2007 by 21 % since
2006.
 Now 96 of the papers we researched are using
this technology. Within this group, 93 papers offer
partial text feeds, while 3 offer full text RSS feeds.
 No papers have begun embedding advertisements
in their RSS feeds.
INTERNET
INTERNET

AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS AND
THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET
 92% ’
of America s top 100 papers now offer
video .
on their websites
 This represents a significant jump from 2006,
where just 61% .
offered video
 , ,
In this group there is a mixture of local
,
Associated Press and original content available
.
on newspaper websites
 33% ,
papers offer original content 26 use AP
,
video streams 13 offer video content from local n
,
ews outlets 4 papers use all 3 ,
technologies and
10 papers use a
 .
mixture of two different types of video

THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET
The number and quality of reporter
blogs also improved in 2007.
 ,
Now 95% of papers offer at least
.
one reporter blog
93% (88 )
papers of these blogs
.
allow comments
In 2006, 80% of the papers offered
,
blogs with 83%(67 )
papers allowing
.
comments

THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET
 1/3 of newspapers now allow comments on
.
articles
 This represents a 14% improvement on 2006
,
statistics when only 19% of papers allowed co
.
mments on articles
 The number of papers requiring registration
increased by 6% ’ .
from last year s results
 29% ’
of the nation s top 100 papers now
require users to register before gainingfull acc
.
ess to their website
 ,
Of this group 3 papers required a paid
,
subscription while 26papers required free regi

THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET
Bookmarking experienced the most
significant increase from our results in
2006.
42% of newspapers now provide
,
some form of bookmarking using exte
(
rnal sites 39 ),
papers internal mecha
(
nisms 4 ), (
papers or both 1 ).
paper
 In 2006, just 7% of newspapers
.
provided bookmarking capabilities

THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET
 Almost half (49%) of newspapers now offer podcasts
online. In 2006, just 31 papers had podcasts.
 When considering the grouping of the top10 papers and
the bottom 10 papers, growth in the presence of features
happened at a relatively consistent rate, with both categ
ories of papers changing by nearly the same percentage
from 2006 to 2007.
 However, when the top and bottom quartiles are
examined, no clear pattern can be established: in some
categories, the top quartile added features at a faster rat
e than the bottom quartile, but in almost as manycategori
es, this trend was reversed.

THE INTERNET
THE INTERNET

THE USE OF THE INTERNET BY
’
AMERICA S NEWSPAPERS
 80 ' 100
of the nation s top newspapers
offered reporter blogs. 63 ,
On of these blogs
readers could comment on posts written by
reporters.
 76 ' 100
of the nation s top newspapers offer
RSS feeds on their websites. All of these
,
feeds are partial feeds and none included
ads.
 ,
Major Web tools such as blogs and RSS
penetrated both the most and least circulate
.
d newspapers
 Video was the most common form of
,
multimedia found on the websites and was
61
offered by of the newspapers.

INTERNET : THREAT OR OPPORTUNITY?
 We have recently completed the 2007 study of America's top 100
newspaper websites, entitled "American Newspapers and the
Internet; Threat or Opportunity?".
 As the newspaper industry continues to suffer declines in
readership and circulation, using the Internet to expand a
newspaper's reach is becoming more and more important.
 While many industry experts fear that the Internet will spell the
end of newspapers as we know them, our team here at TBG feels
that the Internet presents newspapers with a unique opportunity
to make up for lost circulation and readership.
 This study explores these concepts, as well as the difficulties
facing newspapers regarding online advertising, shrinking staffs,
and reaching out to consumers. Our research examined the
websites of the top 100 newspapers in the United States, as
determined by circulation (via the Audit Bureau of Circulations).
We evaluated all of the websites on the presence of lack of
various web features. Here are some of our key findings:
Posted on July 19th, 2007
By Erin Teeling

 The use of RSS increased in 2007 by 21
percent since 2006.
 Now 96 of the papers we researched are
using this technology.
 Within this group, 93 papers offer partial
text feeds, while three offer full text RSS
feeds.
 No papers have begun embedding
advertisements in their RSS feeds.
By Erin Teeling

 92 % of America’s top 100 papers now offer
video on their websites.
 This represents a significant jump from 2006,
where just 61 % offered video.
 In this group, there is a mixture of local,
Associated Press, and original content
available on newspaper websites.
 39 papers offer original content, 26 use AP
video streams, 13 offer video content from
local news outlets, 4 papers use all three
technologies, and 10 papers use a mixture of
two different types of video.
By Erin Teeling

 The number and quality of reporter blogs also
improved in 2007.
 Now, 95 % of papers offer at least one reporter
blog. 93 %(88 papers) of these blogs allow
comments.
 In 2006, 80 % of the papers offered blogs, with
83 % (67 papers) allowing comments.
 One-third of newspapers now allow comments
on articles. This represents a 14% improvement
on 2006 statistics, when only 19 % of papers
allowed comments on articles.
By Erin Teeling

 The number of papers requiring registration
increased by 6% from last year’s results.
 29 % of the nation’s top 100 papers now
require users to register before gaining full
access to their website.
 Of this group, 3 papers required a paid
subscription, while 26 papers required free
registration.
By Erin Teeling

 When considering the trends in newspaper
websites in 2006 and 2007, it is evident that
 newspapers are working to transition to a web
2.0 format that allows for user feedback and
 interactivity. Gradually, newspaper websites
are becoming unique sources of news and
multimedia rather than just an extension of
the printed newspaper product.
 This transition,however, is far from complete.
By Erin Teeling

INTERNET : THREAT OR
OPPORTUNITY?
 Hampered by shrinking news staff, the costs
associated with developing creative web programs
,and the relatively unproven nature of online strat
egies for advertising and disbursement of informa
tion, newspapers have been somewhat slow at ad
opting online tools that have become so common
place in today’s world of blogs and social networki
ng. This slow and gradual pace has cost newspap
er websites in terms of ad dollars and users, who
have turned to other sources for classified ads an
d generic news content.

 In order to counteract the struggling nature of
the print news industry, newspapers should us
e their websites to expand their reach and prof
it opportunities.
 New techniques such as monetizing RSS feeds
and improving online classified ad sections are
two adaptations that will improve newspapers’
success on the web.
 Expanding the library of online functionality
and improving user experiences through the de
sign and layout of newspaper websites are two
more.

The Internet, while a direct
competitor for newspapers, can also
be a powerful tool.
For the benefits of the web to be
realized, however, newspapers must
adapt their strategies and open their
sites up to user participation.

THE FOLLOWING NEWSPAPERS WERE EXAMINED DURING OUR
RESEARCH. CIRCULATION DATA WAS OBTAINED
FROM THE AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS.

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