Smart School Framework for Boarding School Based on Service System Engineering

3rd ICMET 2019
Surabaya 21 November 2019 – Sheraton Hotel Surabaya
Smart School Framework for Boarding School Based on Service
System Engineering
Rizqiya Windy Saputra
rizqiya@alumni.itb.ac.id
Electric Technical Officer Department
Merchant Marine Polytechnic Malahayati Aceh
Aceh, Indonesia
Heru Widada
heruwidada_37@yahoo.com
Aceh, Indonesia
Dedi Kurniawan
Dedikurniawan.yusuf@gmail.com
Aceh, Indonesia
Putri Rizkiah
putririzkiah@gmail.com
Aceh, Indonesia
Abstract
The implementation of smart school concept is still fairly green in Indonesia. Not
all schools at the urban level use it, especially in rural areas. In perspective of
Boarding school like Merchant Marine of Polytechnic, there are so many
shortcomings that need to be assessed and corrected. Inequality in the field of
education is a problem that continues to develop even though Indonesian
students are the largest technology users today. This research utilizes the
existence of advanced technology and service system engineering that are
currently being researched to build a framework for smart schools with
limitation of boarding school. The framework built also accommodate Smart
Education Framework and smart system development project (SSDP) in system.
as the result, smart school framework will help to increase the value of education
in Indonesia.
Key words: Smart School, Boarding School, Service System Engineering

3rd ICMET 2019
This Global educational form is becoming a high research growth in recent days. The
growths influenced by many technological advances is transforming the way in
collaboration between students, teachers and education environments increasingly.
With the growth of technological advanced, education is being instrumented,
interconnected and embedded with smart system. Online learning, collaboration
learning, learning analytics and smart school are some of learning models that taking a
part in recent education development.
Figure 1: Percentage of schools using internet facilities by education level and school
status by 2018 (BPS-Indonesia, 2018)
Indonesia is having a large students and communities consuming internet and
technology (okezone.com, 2018). The data came from a research in 2018, Indonesian
students occupy the highest rank globally as IT/computer room users 40% in schools.
They are also ranked as the second highest in the world in the use of desktop computers
(54%), after the United States (okezone.com, 2018). The linearity information data
released by Indonesia Statistic Department provides the opportunities for Indonesia to
continue the improvement education system model to smart schools.
The implementation of smart school concept is still fairly green in Indonesia. Not all
schools at the urban level use it, especially in rural areas like Merchant Marine
Polytechnic Malahayati as known as Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati Aceh. There are so
many shortcomings that need to be assessed and corrected in the concept of the system,
especially for boarding schools as will be examined in this research. Some of the
problems that arise at this time are the problem of inadequate internet infrastructure to
be used by all school residents, facilities that are not good in quantity or quality and the
ability of the community itself.
Service System Engineering (SSE) is a common development research in delivering the
good services. SSE used in many sector by communities to provide the services, but
most of them selected the economy as the main sectors (Saputra, 2015). Several
researchers are utilizing a socio-economic and technological perspective to investigate
end-user (customer) interactions with government organization or agency by

3rd ICMET 2019
developing formal methodologies for value co- creation and productivity improvements
(Lopes, 2013). In content of education, SSE conclude the combination of teachers,
technology, learners as main actors, and education environments as sub sectors.
Working through smart school system is very large and comprehensive. In this paper,
we will limit the wide discussion by focusing on the defining services and strategy
needed in providing smart school framework for boarding school. The framework will
be built by smart education framework (Zhu, 2016). The second section will discuss
some point of smart education and a core concept of providing Service Engineering
System. The third section will discuss many related works linked to smart school, SSE
and combination of them. In the last section, we the paper will provides the result of the
research and gives many suggestion of the future work.
Related work
Smart boarding school system
Many researches are talking about smart school and its implementation. Most of the
research is designed for students to share their experiences in applying the knowledge
they have achieved in integrated learning facilities that include tasks, lesson materials,
lesson plans, assessment of learning outcomes, and can measure student achievement
(Sampebua, 2018; El-Halawany, 2008). A Smart school is an initiative for making school
system relevant to the changing nature of the workplace (El-Halawany, 2008; Soltani,
2012; Omidinia, 2013). Other describe as a learning institution that has been
systemically reinvented in terms of teaching, learning and learning environment for the
refinement of the school management processes (Omidinia, 2013; Attia, 2016; Vinod,
2017). The research implemented with web based application model and integrated
with mobile application system. Smart education framework also being cited as
references to define the meaning of smart in learning environment (Zhu, 2016; Sun,
2016; Hoel, 2018).
Boarding schools have different characteristics from public schools. As example, regular
school usually only have priority in the academic field, where after class hours are
finished they will back to their home. It's different for boarding school, where students
are still continuing their daily activity in school environment and dichotomized by all
forms of education and values applied by the school.
The purpose of smart education framework is to describe essential elements in a
technology-facilitated environment that on the one hand helps learners to achieve
higher thinking quality and leads to innovation and creativity and on the other hand
enables teachers to personalise learning (Sun, 2016; Shvetsova, 2017). Smart education
is taking part in collaborating students, teachers and technology as shown as in figure II.
In another research, environment of education is also taking essential part in escalating
smart education (Hoel, 2018; Kinshuk, 2018). In both combination, implementation
Internet of Things (IoT) also in context of smart school is interesting research to review
(Zain, 2004; Raj, 2018; Amin, 2015). IoT making smart school as a big progress in
automatic control in some process of learning activities. In example, IoT implemented
as device to bus monitoring and notification system (Raj, 2018). System informed
students bus location and deliver notification when the bus is near of student’s location
in order to evade the lateness.

3rd ICMET 2019
Figure 2: Smart education framework.
Service system engineering
There are two core concept in building the service system engineering (Lopes, 2013).
Both of them are service meta-model and service system development process (SSDP).
This core concept will be used in this research to develop service engineering model.
Service meta model consist of nine entities, as shown in Table I. All of them are
important to understand the needed of system and to create the value chain among
customer (user) and some relevant stakeholder.
Table 1: Service Meta Model (Lopes, 2013)
Entity Type Attribute
Customer Features, attitudes, preferences, requirements
Goals Business, services, customers
Inputs Information, service, constraint
Outputs Information, knowledge, waste, customer
satisfaction
Process Service delivery, service operation, service
support, customer relationship, planning and
control.
Human Enablers Support provider, management, owner
organization and customers
Physical Enablers Equipment, enabling technologies, furnishing
Informatics Enablers Method, process and tools (MPTs), decision
support, skill acquisition.
Environment Political, economic, social and technological
Next step after defining the entities needed in the system is building the process. The
process built should have concern to tier of services entities to realize the overall
service system. The Service Systems Development Process (SSDP) purposed to develop
the service (Lopes, 2013). SSDP consists of several repeating life-cycle phases with
required inputs and expected outputs for each phase to help understand the activities
required for realizing service systems (Saputra, 2015). The system engineering phases
are evolved to adapt and improve systems engineering methodologies to address the
nature of Service Systems. The Figure III will offer a model of SSDP.

3rd ICMET 2019
The SSDP will identify the required input activities that execute to locate and scheme
the feasible service needed and help to analyse the service systems from an end-to-end
perspective. During the service strategy phase new services are identified based on end
user needs, mass collaboration trends, technology trends, and/ or government/
organization strategies (Lopes, 2013; Saputra, 2015). The government or stakeholder
can decide to pursue the development of the selected service systems based on an
extensive socio-techno-economic feasibility study. Service Life Cycle Management
(LCM) methodologies such as continuous service improvement are utilized to analyse
and set service improvements, potential service enhancements and to identify new
service concepts across all entity types. Service LCM also includes strategies for
replacement or disposal of the service/service entities, if applicable.
Figure 3: Service system development project (Lopes, 2013; Saputra, 2015)
Result and Discussion
Merchant Marine Polytechnic Malahayati Aceh (as known as Poltekpel Malahayati Aceh)
as an educational institution under the Ministry of Transportation in charge of
educating and training the Best Men and Women of the Nation to become Seafarers who
have the duties to carry out functional and managerial technical education and training
in the field of maritime at elementary and secondary level (Poltekpelaceh, 2019).
Polytechnic is having concern in building students in aspect of technical science. They
have many educational models, one of them is the student’s development program

3rd ICMET 2019
which requires students to live in a dormitory. this concept of education called as
boarding school where oblige the students stay after school time continue their
activities in campus.
As mentioned before, the main difference between boarding schools and regular schools
is the living accommodation. Students in boarding schools live on campus during the
school year in dormitories, at times with teachers/Instructors. In regular schools,
students are able to live with a host family and commute. Boarding schools offer an
immersive experience of being in school all year long. There is a lack of family support
but students do have ways to get closer to their peers, as living with them year round.
There are a lot of fun activities offered during the weekend and also many study
support systems. Boarding school can offer a way for students to learn valuable life
skills by learning how to take care of themselves and be independent. Their friendships
will also be strong and long-lasting. There are lifelong friendships and bonds, as
everyone is away from home and can understand each other (eduhup.com, 2019).
As mentioned in first section, this paper limit the research in defining services needed
and strategy to provide the smart school framework model based on service system
engineering current model of smart education framework. In the sectioned above, some
problems mentioned in case of current condition of smart school. Based on that cases,
there are four main point education stakeholders in boarding school should do:
1. Make sure the development online learning with mobile or web system become
the major learning based technology to improve the education process.
2. Provide effective, efficient, and engaging smart learning environment with
proper technology in campus.
3. Make sure to include other stakeholder such as student's parent in online
monitoring of their students learning process.
4. Make sure the coordination between local government and stakeholders should
be better address to get a good policy in implementing smart school rules.
Smart school for boarding also can be realized without four points above. Nevertheless,
Indonesia is a country with large area and different local cultures. Accordingly, Smart
school model in Indonesia can be created by modelling combination of various system
with understanding of local cultures, socio-economic states, technological advances and
government policy.
Figure III describe the step to develop service system. The process start with analyse
the services need to implement in development school education. We analyse online
learning and online monitoring is main contribution to generate the smart concept.
After we identified the services needed, we continue to designing process. In this
process, the school scheme the model of services to simplify their development in
technical process. As mentioned in above section, this process can be doing in
repetition. To overcome other problems that arise later, the two initial processes need
to be considered carefully.
According to smart school framework models, smart school is initiative for making
school system relevant to the changing nature of the workplace. In this paper, the goals
to achieve are 24/7 online students monitoring and increasing the values of learning
activities using technologies or conventional methods. Based on service engineering

3rd ICMET 2019
concept explain in paragraph before, this research recommends a model smart boarding
school framework. The framework model is figured in figure 4 below.
Figure 4: Smart school for boarding school based on service system engineering (Lopes
2013; Zhu, 2016; Sun, 2016)
The figure IV, represent the points of smart boarding school entities. There are going to
many customer taking part. Students, teachers, school management, dormitory
supervisors, government, parents and other stakeholders are the customers in this part.
The system will receive various inputs from different type of customers. Students will
need for online learning and several demand in campus. School management and
dormitory supervisor are having their own part in running the campus with providing
online monitoring system and some advanced technology. The government will take
part as policy taker to help improve the school. From these inputs and customer
attributes, smart school model will create the service value chain that will make linkage
between secondary part of the model.
The needs of many customers mentioned in this system provides many inputs to system
too. Some of them are online learning system, dormitory online monitoring, online
school payment system and stakeholder’s collaborations. This paper recommends to
implement the best concept of online education related to school environment. In some
ways, blended learning can accommodate many users related to education but can be a
problem in limited of competent human resources to develop and running daily
activities. Online dormitory monitoring is the main system to execute in this research.
As mentioned in sectioned 2 before, dormitory is the main difference between regular
school. School management do not have to monitor every student’s activities, but have
to choose what is the important aspects of student to monitor.

3rd ICMET 2019
as mentioned before, one of the important things of this phase is different culture and
socio-economic states in the customer area. Information technology infrastructure is
different in some area. In consequence, implementation of online system that required
to internet accessed will be the main problem. Different approach of area problem will
give solution to identify, asses and monitor to enhance smart school system.
Secondary part of smart boarding school model is utilizing, executing, monitoring and
analysing. smart school system should be using human enabler, physical enabler and
information enablers. Many data from three of them will help system to monitor and
analyse environment. Furthermore, the process can be executed.
Conclusion and future work
Smart boarding school in an interesting topic to be discussed. The differences between
boarding and regular school is a challenging research to be implemented. The growth
concept of education and technology advanced make the research even more
challenging. Polytechnic Malahayati Aceh as young campus can achieve more education
value in implementation of smart school concept. however, the concept of smart
boarding school in this paper can also be implemented in various campuses and schools
in Indonesia. this is certainly due to the flexibility of the service system engineering.
This research is far from perfect. There are still many shortcomings and research can be
done again. With the limitation of this research on purposed design, research on its
implementation also becomes a challenging study. In addition, the analytical aspects
that are part of the smart system and other educational methods can also be discussed
in subsequent studies.
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