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1. Assignment Topic On
Social Reform Movements in India
Submitted to:
R K Bharti
Senior
Professor
Submitted by:
Rajnish Verma
Serial No.28
MSW 1st Sem
Institute of Social Sciences
Department of Social Work
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University , Agra

2. Introduction:
India has a long history of [social reform / social
religious reform] A reform movement is a kind of
social movement that aims to make gradual change
or change in certain aspects of society rather than
rapid or fundamental changes. These social reform
movements arise all among communities of the
Indian people .They attacked bigotry
,superstition and the hold of the priestly class.
They worked for abolition of casts and
untouchability , parda system, sati ,child marriage,
social inequalities and illitracy.

3. Some phases of social refrom movements
by “Herbert Blumer”
◆ Agitation
◆ Development of spirit of de-crops
◆ Development of morals
◆ The formation of an Idology
◆ The develpment of operational tactics

4. Causes for the social and religious
reform movement:-
◆ Political Unity
◆ Contribution of foreign scholars
◆ Reaction against the propegenda of christian
missonries
◆ Indian press
◆ Western education

5. Refrom movements in india:-
1.Brahmo Samaj: The Brahmo Samaj was established by “Raja
Ram Mohan Roy” in 1828. His primary aim was to reform the
Hindu Society and religion.
Following are the special features of Brahmo Samaj:
◆it is based on universal religion, based on the principle
of one supreme god,
◆it condemned caste,untouchability the practice of sati
and image worship,
◆it also opposed child marriage ,
◆it also supported widow marriage,
◆it abolished polygamy and child marriage.

6. 2. The Arya Samaj: ”Swami Dayananda Saraswati” started
the “Arya Samaj” in 1875.
According to him, the “Vedas” contains all the truth,his
motto was “Go back to Vedas”
Following are the special features of Brahmo Samaj:
◆ it opposed Idol worship,ritualism,animal sacrifice,
◆ it started “Suddhi Movement” related with religion
conversion,
◆ it also opposed child marriage,
◆ it opposed casteism , rather favours of inter-caste
marriages
◆ it worked for women upliftment through education

7. 3. Theosophical society: It started from1828. The word
“Theosophy” has been formed by combining two Greek
words- “Theos” and “Sophos”,”Theos” means God and
“Sophos” means wisdom. It established in USA by “Madame
Blavatsky” and “Colonel H.S Olcott”, after that it was shifted
to Chennai from USA.
The following principles of Theosophical society:
◆ to form an organization of all people on the basis of
fraternity
◆ to study ancient religion, philosophy and science and,

8. 4. Rama Krishna Mission : Another reform movement
was started by “Ram Krishna Paramhansha”, known to be
“Ram Krishna Mission” in 1897.
The mission’s motto was- “Service to Humanity”
The following principles of Mission were :
◆ it worked for education,
◆ it worked for up-liftment of women,
◆ removal of poverty among the poor and downtrodden,
◆ mission has opened many schools ,technical
institutions , orphanages and hospitals.

9. 5. Muslim Movement : Muslim movement was started back
in later half of the 19th century.
Following were the aims of the movement :
◆ spread of modern education,
◆ removal of social evils like parda system and
polygamy,

10. Effects of the reform movements:
◆ Remarkable changes in society and religion
◆ Initially it was restricted to small group of people, later it
was spread across many sections of society,
◆ It has strengthened the Hindu and Muslim religions to
remove social evils among them,
◆ People started think reasonably,
◆ The caste system began to lose its hold on the society,
◆ The movement lead to significant achievement in the
field of emancipation of women
◆ The movement arose the feeling of togetherness among
the people.

11. Thank you