Social reform movements In India
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The document summarizes several social reform movements in India that aimed to enact gradual social changes and abolish practices like the caste system, untouchability, sati, child marriage, and illiteracy. It discusses the phases of social reform movements as outlined by Herbert Blumer and the causes, including political unity, contributions from foreign scholars, reaction against Christian missionaries, the Indian press, and Western education. Several key Indian reform movements are described, including the Brahmo Samaj started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 to reform Hindu society and religion; the Arya Samaj started by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875 with a motto of "Go back to Ved
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![Introduction:
India has a long history of [social reform / social
religious reform] A reform movement is a kind of
social movement that aims to make gradual change
or change in certain aspects of society rather than
rapid or fundamental changes. These social reform
movements arise all among communities of the
Indian people .They attacked bigotry
,superstition and the hold of the priestly class.
They worked for abolition of casts and
untouchability , parda system, sati ,child marriage,
social inequalities and illitracy.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Social reform movements in India
The document summarizes several social reform movements in India that aimed to gradually change aspects of society. It discusses the Brahmo Samaj founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 to reform Hindu society and abolish practices like sati and untouchability. It also discusses the Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875 to oppose idol worship and casteism. The Theosophical Society was established in the US in 1875 and moved to India, aiming to unite people and study religions. The Ramakrishna Mission founded in 1897 worked to provide education, help the poor, and open schools/hospitals. Finally, the Muslim movement from the late 1800s
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- Key Indian social reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, and Swami Vivekananda who fought against social evils and advocated for issues like women's rights.
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The Second Great Awakening led to many religious and social reform movements in the early to mid-1800s in America. These included prison reform, temperance movements, education reform, and women's rights. Education reformers like Horace Mann and Noah Webster advocated for expanded and standardized public education. The temperance movement aimed to curb excessive drinking through temperance societies and prohibition laws. Women's rights advocates like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott began organizing conventions calling for women's suffrage in the late 1840s.
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The document discusses various socio-religious reform movements in 19th century India that aimed to modernize religious outlooks and reform social institutions. Some of the key movements mentioned are Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical Society, Satya Shodhak Samaj and movements led by Pandita Ramabai and Sri Narayana Guru that advocated for women's rights and upliftment of depressed classes. Islamic reform movements like Deoband Movement and Aligarh Movement as well as Parsi, Sikh and other minor reform movements are also summarized.
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The document discusses the social dimension of education through history. It outlines how education originated and developed in ancient civilizations like China, India, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Formal education began around 1300 BCE in Israel and was restricted to elites in other early societies. Modern education owes much to these ancient systems. Key figures like Confucius, Socrates, and Aristotle influenced the development of education. The document also discusses social processes, groups, social control, and problems in societies.
Ch 6religious awakening
The religious and social reform movements in 19th century India aimed to end discriminatory social practices and spread education. Leaders like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar, and Swami Dayanand Saraswati established societies like the Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, and Arya Samaj to promote women's rights, education, and widow remarriage. They criticized the caste system, untouchability, and idol worship. This led Indians to have self-respect and question British practices, laying the foundation for India's independence movement.
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The document summarizes key social and religious reform movements in 19th century India. It discusses reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Vivekananda, Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Jyotiba Phule, and Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar who fought against social evils like sati pratha, child marriage, untouchability, and promoted women's rights and education. The reforms helped establish a modern Indian society and laid the foundation for India's independence movement.
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The document discusses several reform movements in the United States between 1825-1850 that sought to expand democratic ideals, including the Second Great Awakening which led to prison reform, temperance, and abolition movements; the growth of public education promoted by Jacksonian democracy and Horace Mann; the women's rights movement including the Seneca Falls Convention; and scientific achievements such as Thomas Jefferson's plow and advances in biology and medicine.
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The document discusses various approaches to defining religion, including substantive definitions that explain what religion is (e.g. a unified system of beliefs about sacred things), functional definitions that explain what religion does (e.g. helps groups struggle with problems of human life), and social constructionist definitions that see religion as interpreted differently by different groups. It also evaluates these definitions and their limitations. The document then discusses theories about religion from thinkers like Durkheim, Marx, Weber, and the relationship between religion and science based on theorists like Comte, Lynch, Polanyi, and Popper. It examines different theories of religion including functionalism, Marxism, and interactionism. Finally, it discusses feminist theories of religion, religious organizations
Social and Religious Movements in Modern India (1).ppt
This document provides an overview of social and religious reform movements that occurred in modern India in response to Western influence. It discusses movements within Hinduism like the Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj led by figures such as Raja Rammohan Roy and Dayanand Saraswati who aimed to reform traditions and end social evils. It also mentions reformers from other faiths like Christianity and Islam, as well as movements promoting women's rights, education, and Dalit empowerment led by individuals such as Jyotirao Phule, Annie Besant, and Ramalinga Adigalar. The document traces the development of these reform movements from the 19th century onwards and their impact on
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The document provides an overview of social development in pre- and post-independence India. It discusses social and religious reform movements in pre-independent India that aimed to abolish social evils. It also outlines key social legislations prior to independence and the education system during that time. After independence, it notes the role of the Planning Commission and five-year plans in economic development, as well as policies like the mixed economy model and industrial policy resolutions.
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Social reform movements In India
- 1. Assignment Topic On Social Reform Movements in India Submitted to: R K Bharti Senior Professor Submitted by: Rajnish Verma Serial No.28 MSW 1st Sem Institute of Social Sciences Department of Social Work Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University , Agra
- 2. Introduction: India has a long history of [social reform / social religious reform] A reform movement is a kind of social movement that aims to make gradual change or change in certain aspects of society rather than rapid or fundamental changes. These social reform movements arise all among communities of the Indian people .They attacked bigotry ,superstition and the hold of the priestly class. They worked for abolition of casts and untouchability , parda system, sati ,child marriage, social inequalities and illitracy.
- 3. Some phases of social refrom movements by “Herbert Blumer” ◆ Agitation ◆ Development of spirit of de-crops ◆ Development of morals ◆ The formation of an Idology ◆ The develpment of operational tactics
- 4. Causes for the social and religious reform movement:- ◆ Political Unity ◆ Contribution of foreign scholars ◆ Reaction against the propegenda of christian missonries ◆ Indian press ◆ Western education
- 5. Refrom movements in india:- 1.Brahmo Samaj: The Brahmo Samaj was established by “Raja Ram Mohan Roy” in 1828. His primary aim was to reform the Hindu Society and religion. Following are the special features of Brahmo Samaj: ◆it is based on universal religion, based on the principle of one supreme god, ◆it condemned caste,untouchability the practice of sati and image worship, ◆it also opposed child marriage , ◆it also supported widow marriage, ◆it abolished polygamy and child marriage.
- 6. 2. The Arya Samaj: ”Swami Dayananda Saraswati” started the “Arya Samaj” in 1875. According to him, the “Vedas” contains all the truth,his motto was “Go back to Vedas” Following are the special features of Brahmo Samaj: ◆ it opposed Idol worship,ritualism,animal sacrifice, ◆ it started “Suddhi Movement” related with religion conversion, ◆ it also opposed child marriage, ◆ it opposed casteism , rather favours of inter-caste marriages ◆ it worked for women upliftment through education
- 7. 3. Theosophical society: It started from1828. The word “Theosophy” has been formed by combining two Greek words- “Theos” and “Sophos”,”Theos” means God and “Sophos” means wisdom. It established in USA by “Madame Blavatsky” and “Colonel H.S Olcott”, after that it was shifted to Chennai from USA. The following principles of Theosophical society: ◆ to form an organization of all people on the basis of fraternity ◆ to study ancient religion, philosophy and science and,
- 8. 4. Rama Krishna Mission : Another reform movement was started by “Ram Krishna Paramhansha”, known to be “Ram Krishna Mission” in 1897. The mission’s motto was- “Service to Humanity” The following principles of Mission were : ◆ it worked for education, ◆ it worked for up-liftment of women, ◆ removal of poverty among the poor and downtrodden, ◆ mission has opened many schools ,technical institutions , orphanages and hospitals.
- 9. 5. Muslim Movement : Muslim movement was started back in later half of the 19th century. Following were the aims of the movement : ◆ spread of modern education, ◆ removal of social evils like parda system and polygamy,
- 10. Effects of the reform movements: ◆ Remarkable changes in society and religion ◆ Initially it was restricted to small group of people, later it was spread across many sections of society, ◆ It has strengthened the Hindu and Muslim religions to remove social evils among them, ◆ People started think reasonably, ◆ The caste system began to lose its hold on the society, ◆ The movement lead to significant achievement in the field of emancipation of women ◆ The movement arose the feeling of togetherness among the people.
- 11. Thank you