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Social reform movements in India
- 1. Social Reform Movements In India SUBMITTED TO Dr. RK Bharti (Assistant Professor) DBRAU Agra SUBMITTED BY Ravi Dixit (MSW 1st Sem) Sl No. 29
- 2. What is Social Movement A large group of people who are organized to promote or resist some social change There are two distinct groups of progressive movements aimed at emancipation of Indian women 1.Reformers 2.Revivalists Introduction
- 3. One group opposed the customs and institutions and advocates gradual reform rather than revolution. This group was called the Reformers. The other group demanded the democratization of social relations and removal of harmful practices on the basis of revival of the Vedic society in modern India, which according to them, was democratic. This group came to be known as the Revivalists.
- 4. The social reformers believed in the principle of *individual liberty, *freedom, and *equality of all human beings irrespective of sex, race, caste, or religion. They attacked a number of traditional, authoritarian, and hierarchical social institutions and launched social reform movements to liberate the Indian women from their shackles.
- 5. The Indian Society for centuries suffered from so many social evils. The chief among them are – Caste System, Deplorable condition of women, illiteracy, Child Marriage, Idol Worship, The Sati System, Polygamy, The dowry System etc. The various Reform Movements like Arya Samaj, RamKrishna mission, Brahmo Samaj, Indian Social Conference, Mohammedan Literacy Society, Aligarah Movements were started to combat the above evils.
- 6. The Backwardness of Indian Society made a deep impression on the rationalist thinkers and religious and social reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Swami Vivekanand, Mrs Annie Besant.
- 8. Brahmo Samaj Launched by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 Its purpose was to purify Hinduism and to preach belief in one God. It is based on twin pillars i.e. Vedas and Upanisads. It laid emphasis on Human Dignity, Opposed idolatry and criticized social evil like sati and untouchability.
- 9. Brahmo samaj was successful in bringing about general uplift of women including widow remarriage and abolition of sati. They also actively opposed the Rigid Caste System, Child Marriage. He founded The Hindu college in 1816 first institution of western learning. Raja Ram Mohan Roy used various techniques of social work like social action, social advocacy for abolish of social evils which is one of imp goal of professional social work.
- 10. Arya Samaj This movements was founded in Bombay in 1875 by Swami Dayanand Saraswati. Its attempted to idealize the glory of ancient India. Arya Samaj Movement was revivalist in characteristics because it drew its inspiration from the vedas, which was regarded as foundation of all knowledge.
- 11. Proposed a programme of social reform. It stood, however, for the four fold Verna system has to be determined by merit and not by birth. The Arya Samaj stood for equal rights of men and women in social and educational matter. The Arya Samaj opposed untouchability, caste, discrimination, child marriage, and supported widow marriage.
- 12. The Dayanand Anglo Vedic College was Founded in 1886. The establishment of various school for the education of the girls and boys symbolizes his social work bent of mind toward charity, philanthropy and welfare.
- 13. Ram Krishna Mission The Ram Krishna Mission Was founded by Swami Vivekanand in 1887 in memory of his teacher swami Ramkrishna Paramhans. Vivekanand Propounded teachings of his guru and made him known all over the world. The Head quarter of Ram Krishna Math and Mission are at Belur, near Kolkata.
- 14. It is an imp social reform institution and runs a number of school, hospitals, dispensaries, orphanages, and welfare centers. It is still one of the exemplary social service institutions in India. It had Practiced Social casework, social group work technique for helping the clients suffering from distress and natural calamity
- 15. The Praarthana Samaj It Was founded in year 1867 and its objective was almost similar to those of Brahmos Samj. Two of its great leader were RG Bandarkar, and MG Ranade. It belives in one God, supoorted Bhakti and opposwed idlolatry. In Order to end social evils is many institution like orphanages it condemned ban on widow remarrige.
- 16. The Mumbai widow reforms association was formed which arranged the first widow remarrige.
- 17. Satyashodak Movement It Was founded by Jyotiba Fule a low caste from Maharastra who being aware of the degraded position of the untouchables and Non brahmans waged a life long struggled againt Uppercaste domination and Brahmanical Supremecy. It was powerful Non Brahman movement and had challenged the Supremacy of Brahmans. His Two Writing SravJanik Satya Dharma Pustak and Gulamgiri become the source of inspiration for the common masses.
- 18. The Young bengal Movement It Initiated the first half of 19th century by the followers of Henary Louis Berozio, a professor of English Langugae in Calcata. His followers manily consisted of Student of Hindu College, were deeply influenced by wester litrature , philposphy, and revolutanary ideas. The Primary aim was to exposed the currupt priesthood and evil social customs, diffused education specially
- 19. The Young Bengal Movement could not achieve success because lack of people’s participation in movement so the movement could not mobilize and organize the community to activly participate in the movement.
- 20. Reform Movements among the Muslims Aligarah Movement Tabligh Movemnt
- 21. Backward Classes’ Movement Dravidian Movement SNDP (Shri Narayan Dharma Paripalana) movemnt Mahar movement
- 23. Environmental Movements Chipko Movement Tehri Dam Movement Silent Valley Project Narmada Bachho Andolan
- 24. Thank You