Science bookletالصف الثانى الإعدادى ترم اول

El-Zahraa Language School Science Middle Two
1
Date:............
Unit one
Lesson (1)
Attempts of elements classification
choose the correct answer:-
1- Moseley classified elements in his table in an ascending order
according to their…….
a. atomic weights.
b. atomic numbers.
c. chemical activity.
d. valencies.
2- The number of elements in Mandeleev's periodic table is……
elements.
a. 67.
b. 76.
c. 92.
d. 116.
Write the scientific term:-
1- The horizontal rows in which elements are arranged in an
ascending order according to their atomic numbers in the periodic
table. (……..)
2- Positively charged particles found inside the nucleus of the atom.
(……)

2
Date:............
Mention the name of the scientist who:-
1- Corrected the atomic weights of some elements which were
estimated wrongly. (…………).
2- Added group zero to the periodic table. (…………).
Put (√) or (× ) then correct what is wrong:-
1- Mandeleev classified elements according to their mass numbers.
( )
…………………………………………………………………………
………………
2- Moseley classified the elements of each group into three sub-groups
except group (7) and group (9).
( )
…………………………………………………………………………
………………
Give reason for:-
1- Scientists thought to classify elements according to their properties.
2- Mandeleev had to put more than one element in one place of his
table.

3
Date:............
Complete the following statements:-
1- Elements of ''s'' block are located on the……. Of the periodic table
and they arranged in………groups.
2- Elements of block ''d'' are called…….elements and they appear
starting from period……….
What the scientific principal upon which the elements are
arranged in the modern periodic table?
Find the atomic number of each of the following:-
1- An element exists in period 2 and group (6A).
2- An element exists in period 3 and group (1A).
3- An element exists in period 2 and group zero.

Date:............
Lesson (2)
Graduation of properties of the elements in the modern periodic
table
1- In periods, by increasing the atomic number, the atomic
size……….., while the electro negativity…………….
2- …………. Has the highest electro negativity which equals………..
3- …………. Is a polar compound because the difference in………..
between its elements is relatively……….
Give reason for:-
Methane and hydrogen sulphide are not considered from polar
molecules.
From the opposite figure, which represents a part of the periodic
table, answer the following:-
1- which element has the highest
electro negativity?
2- - which element has the greatest
Atomic size?
3- If the electro negativity of (H) equals 2.1 and that of (N) equals 3
calculate the polarity ( the difference in electro negativity) in
ammonia.
4
H
Li
Na
K
Be B C N O

5
Date:...........
1- The measuring unit of atomic radius. (……………….)
2- The ability of the atom in covalent molecule to attract the electrons
of the bond towards itself. (………………)
3- They are covalent compounds in which the difference in electro
negativity between elements forming their molecules is relatively
high. (………………..)
Choose the correct answer:-
1- All the following ions have the same electronic configuration of
neon (10Ne) except………
a. Al+3
b. Na+
c. Li+
d. Mg+2
2- An element (X) its atomic number is 15 so, the number of electrons
in its ion equals…………..
a. 10
b. 15
c. 17
d. 18

Date:............
4- An element (Y), its atomic number is 13 so, the electronic
configuration of its ion is…………….
a. 2,8
b. 2,8,3
c. 2,8,8
d. 2,8,8,3
Show by symbolic balanced equation each of the following:-
1- Adding dilute HCl to pieces of magnesium.
2- Burning magnesium strip in air, then adding some water.
6
3- burning a piece of coal in air.
What is meant by:-
1- Chemical activity series.
2- Acidic oxides.

Date:............
Lesson (3)
Main groups in the modern periodic table
1- Elements which are located at the left side of the periodic table in
group (1). (…………..)
2- The most active metal. (…………..)
1- Elements which have atomic numbers………….are called alkali
metals.
a. 2,8,16
b. 2,10,18
c. 3,11,19
d. 4,12,20
2- alkali metals have the following properties except……….
a. they have low density.
b. they conduct electricity.
C. they conduct heat.
d. they don't react with water.
7

Date:............
Give reason for:-
1- Sodium and potassium are kept under the surface of kerosene.
2- Rubidium and cesium elements sink in water.
3- The reaction of potassium with water is stronger than that of
sodium.
4- Naming the metals of group (1) by alkali metals.
1- Lithium element………..water as its density is…….than that of
water.
2- During the chemical reactions, sodium tends to………. an electron
and changes into……….. ion which carries……….. positive charge.
3- Potassium reacts with water giving………. And gas evolves.
……….. + ………… 4- 2 Na + 2 H2O
The opposite figure represents group (1) of the periodic table.
1- The element which has electronic configuration (2,8,81)
Is……….
2- The most metallic element is………..
3- elements which float on the water surface are…….
4- the least metallic element is………….
8
A
B
C
D
E

Date:........... .
Give reason for:-
1- The chemical activity of alkaline earth metals increases by
increasing their atomic size.
2- sodium (11Na) is more active than magnesium (12Mg).
Mention one use for each of the following:
1- Silicon slides:
………………………………………………………………………..
2- Liquid sodium:
……………………………………………………………………….
Give reason for:-
1- Halogens are not exist in nature in elementary state.
2- Halogens are called by this name.
3- liquefied nitrogen is used in cornea preservation.
Choose the odd word, then mention the scientific term for the rest.
1- potassium/Iodine/Fluorine/Astatine/Bromine.
2- Fluorine/Chlorine/Oxygen/Hydrogen/Sodium.
9

2H
e
Z 8 9 1
N 3
10
Date:............
Using the following diagram which represents a part of the
periodic table, answer the following question:-
1
H
Y
1
9
X
M
1- Write the letter of the element which:
a. is from transition elements……….
b. lies in period (3) and group (7A)……..
0
Locate the position of the following elements in the modern
periodic table:
1- Calcium (20Ca):
…………………………………………………………………………
2- Neon (10Ne):
…………………………………………………………………………
How can you differentiate between:-
1- Copper and magnesium (using HCL).
2- Magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide.
5
36
Kr
5 6
R G

Date:............
Lesson (4)
Water
1- All following are from water properties except………
a. it exists in 3 states.
b. it has high latent heat.
C. it is used in generating electricity.
d. it is a non- polar compound.
2- water molecule consists of…………..
a. two atoms of three different elements.
b. three atoms of two different elements.
c. three atoms of three different elements.
d. four atoms of two different elements.
Mention the importance of water (two only).
1-
…………………………………………………………………………
2-
…………………………………………………………………………
What is meant by hydrogen bond?
11

12
Date:............
Give reason for:-
1- Ice floats on water surface.
2- The high boiling point of water.
3- The closed glass bottle filled with water is broken when it is put in
freezer.
4- water is important liquid in distinguish fires.
5- Adding drops of dilute acid to water during its electrolysis.
6- During water electrolysis, oxygen gas evolves above the anode.
1- The positive pole of hofmann's voltameter.
(……………………)
2- Ions responsible for the basic property in water molecule.
(………………..)
3- A kind of water pollution which results from mixing of humans and
animals wastes with water.
(…………………….)
4- A kind of water pollution which results from discharging of
factories residues and sewage in rivers and seas.
(…………………....)

13
Date:............
From the opposite figure, answer the following questions:
1- What the name of this apparatus?
2- Label the numbers (1), (2) and (3)
3- what happens if a glowing splint is put above the anode and the
cathode?
- Above the anode, …………………….
- Above the cathode, ……………………
4- write the balanced equation of this reaction?

14
Date:............
Unit two
Lesson one
The atmospheric layers
Problem:-
If the temp. at the foot of Everest mountain is 20.6◦ C. find the temp
at. At its top of height 8862m. above earth's surface.
Give reasons for:-
1- All wither conditions take place in troposphere layer.
2- The troposphere layer regulates the earth's temperature.
3- The atmospheric pressure in troposphere layer decreases by
increasing the height above sea level.
What is meant by:-
1- Atmospheric envelop of the earth:
…………………………………………........…………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
2- Atmospheric pressure:-
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

15
Date:............
What is the importance of:-
1-
Aneroid:………………………………………………………………
………………………
2-
Altimeter:………………………………………………………………
……………………
Arrange the layers of atmospheric envelope according to the
change in atmospheric pressure.
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
Give reason for:-
1- The lower part of stratosphere is suitable for flying airoplanes.
2- Ionosphere is important for radio stations.
3- Mesosphere layer is highly vacuumed.
4- The stratosphere layer is called by ozonic atmospheric envelope.

16
Date:............
What is the importance of:-
1-
VanAllenbelts:…………………………………………………………
……………………
…………………………………………………………………………
……………………………
2-
Ozone layer
:…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
3- satellites:-
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
……………………………

Date:............
Lesson two
Erosion of ozone layer and global warming
1- A type of ultraviolet radiations that is absorbed completely (100%)
by the ozone layer.
(………………….)
2- Thinning or losing parts of ozone layer.
(………………….)
3- A molecule is formed by combining an atom of an element with
molecule of the same element.
(…………………..)
4- An atmospheric layer acts as a shield that protects living organisms
from the danger of ultraviolet radiation.
(…………………..)
Give reason for:-
1- Increasing the size of the ozone hole in September every year.
2- Formation of ozone layer in the stratosphere layer.
17

18
Date:............
1- Ultraviolet radiation has a…………..effect and infrared radiation
has a………….effect.
2- If the temperature at the base of mountain is 30◦C and at its top is -
6◦C, so the height of the mountain is……………………
3- The depletion of ozone layer above the……………pole increases
in the month of………….every year.
4- …………….is an instrument used to measure the elevation of
planes above sea level based on…………….
Give reason for:-
1- Formation of ozone layer in the stratosphere layer.
2- Ionosphere is important for radio stations.
3- The high boiling point of water.
1- Chloroflourocarbon compounds are used as…………………
a. solvent material.
b. cooling material.
c. propellant material.
d. all the previous answers.

19
Date:............
2- Meteors are formed in…………..layer.
a. ionosphere.
b. stratosphere.
c. mesosphere.
d. exosphere.
3- ozone degree is measured by a unit called…………………
a. km.
b. Dobson.
c. mm2.
d. nm.
4- there are …………..bonds between the water molecule.
a. metallic.
b. ionic.
c. covalent.
d. hydrogen.

20
Date:............
Unit three
Lesson one
Fossils
1- remains of old living organisms that lived in the past for a certain
period, then became extinct. (………………….)
2- the fossils that exist in the rocks of different areas that indicate the
extinction and evolution of organisms. (…………………..)

Date:............
Lesson two
Extinction
What is meant by:-
1- Moment of
extinction:………………………………………………………………
…….
2-
Extinction:……………………………………………………………
…………………………..
Give reason for:-
1- Bald eagle is from endangered species.
2- Hunting of Tasmanian cat by peasants.
3- Disappearance of papyrus plant from upper Nile.
What is meant by:-
1- natural
protectorates:…………………………………………………………
………….
2- food
chain:…………………………………………………………………
……………………
21

Mid year revision2010/2011
For middle two for science
It is classification of elements in ascending order according to their
atomic weights.
It is classification of elements in ascending order according to their
atomic number.
It is the block of elements which located at left side of periodic table.
Its number indicats the number of period.
Elements of zero group.
It is the ability of atom in covelent molecule to attract the electrons of
bond towards it self.
They are covelent compounds in which difference in electro negativity
between its elements is relatively high .
They are elements which have less than four electrons in their outer
most energy levels.
They are elements which have properties of both metals and non- metals.
It is the most metalic elements in group (1A).
It is the oxide which turns litmus solution to blue.
It is gas which burns with popsound.
22

Aseries in which metals are arranged in descending order according to
their chemical activity.
They are kept undre surface of kerosene.
They are divalent elements.
They are located at right side of periodic table before inert gases.
It is a radioactive elements used in food preservatoin.
It is slides are used in manufacture of compouters.
It has low boiling point so it is used in preservatoin of cornea.
It is the layer in which all weather phenomena.
It is the coldest layer of atmosphere.
It is the hottest layer of atmospheric envelope.
It is the layer which important in communication.
It is the layer which called ozonic atmospheric air layer.
It is a gas which composed of three oxygen .
23

It is the continous increase in the average temperature of the earth’s
near surface air.
Compounds which should be reduced to avoid erosion of ozone.
It is the continous decrease without compersation in the number of
certain species of living organisms until all members of species die
out.
It has the date of death of the last individual of that species.
They are examples of species extinct in recent times.
They are examples of species extinct in the old times.
It is list included 450 endangered.
It is path of energy that transmits from a living organism to another in
the ecosystem.
It is charactarized by containing a few numbers of living organisms.
It is charactarized by large number of members of living organisms.
They are safe areas established to protect endangered species in their
homeland.
**************************
24

Date :
Complete:-
1-Mendeleev arranged the elements ascendingly according to……….
While Moseley arranged them ascendingly according to……….
2-The scientist ………….. discovered that the nucleus of the atom
contains………
3-Moseley located …………and………..elements below its table.3-
4-The modern periodic table consists of……….periods
and………groups.
5-Elements of (B) groups are called ………elements and they appear
starting from period………
6-The number of vertical groups indicates………
7-The number of horizantal periods indicates………
8-Element 13X lies in period ………and group ………
9-Elements in 3rd period and group (2A) so its atomic number
equals………
10- By increasing the atomic number withen a period the atomic size
………due to………
11-………is the ability of the atom in covalent molecule to attract the
………of the bond toward it.
12-In periods by increasing the atomic number the electro-negativily
of elements………
13-By increasing the atomic size in the group the electro- negativily………
and the atomic number………
25

14-………and………are examples of polar compounds.
15-In water molecule,the ………atom atrracts the electrons of the
bondthan………atom as it has higher………
16-During the chemical reaction,metal atom tend to………electrons
and change into………
17-………have the properties of both metals and non-metals.
18-Magnesium react with oxegen giving………which is
called………18-
19-Metals are arranged in a………order according to their……… in
chemical activity series.
20-………metals react with hot water while………metal doesn’t react
with water.
21-Burning a piece of carbon in air produces……… which dissolve in
water giving………
22-………and………elements are from alkalimetals
23-alkalimetals are………metals therefore they kept under the surface
of ………or………
24-Rubidium and cesium………in water as their densities
are………than water density.
25-……… and……… elements are examples of alkaline earth metals.
26-Halogens are named by this name because they react with ………
forming………
27-………is used in food preservation bec. It emits……… rays which
prevent………cells.
26

28-The atmospheric pressure ………by incrasing the length of the air
column.
29-The temp.of the troposphere decreses with rate………˚C for each
………high.
30-………layer is found in the upper part of stratosphere which
absorbs……… rays.
31-The highest temp.layer is………and the least temp.one is………
32-Most of weather features occurin……… layer where as satellites
swim in ……… layer.
33-Among the most dangerous pollutants of ozone
layer………and………
34-Among the most dangerous pollutants of ozone layer
are………compounds that are used in air conditioning sets and………
compounds that are used in fire extingwhier.
35-Ultraviolet radiation has………effect and the infra red radiation
has a………effect.
36-………and………are from the examples of the climatic changes
prodused by global warming.
37-………and……… are from recently extinct birds
while………and……… are from recently extinct mammals.
38-………and………are from ways that protect the living organisms
from extinction.
39-………,………and……… are from examples of enviromental
pollution that lead to extinction of living organisms.
27

Date :…………….
Give reason:-
1-elements of the same group have similar properties.
2-both lithium (3Li) and nitrogen (7N) are located in the same period.
3- water molecule is from the polar molecules.
4- By increasing the atomic number within groupsthe atomic size
increases.
5- We can use HCL to differentiate between copper and magnesium.
6- Carbondioxide is acidic oxide but magnesium oxide is basic oxide.
7- Elements of group (1A) are known as alkalimetals.
8- Sodium and potassium are kept under the surface of kerosene.
9- Cobalt-60 is used in preservation of food.
10- The lower part of stratosphere is suitable for flying air planes.
11- The temp. Is high in the upper part of stratosphere.
12- The troposphere layer is called this name.
13- Formation of ozone layer in the sratosphere.
14- Infra red radiation cannot penetrate the earth’s atmosphere.
15- Removing trees of tropical forests is one of the most important
factors of extinction.
16- Bald eagle is from endangered species.
17- Increasing the rate of extinction often the industrial revolution.
Locate the position of the following elements:-
Calcium( 20Ca ).
Neon (10Ne).
28

Date :……………
Calculate the atomic numbers of the following elements:-
An element is located in 2rd period and group zero.
An element is located in 3 rd period and group (7A).
***********************************************
Write the balanced chemical equations:-
Burning of magnisium strip in oxygen.
Burning of carbon in oxygen.
***********************************************
Mention one use for:-
liquid sodium.
Cobalt.
Silicon.
************************************************
What’s the importance of:-
Altimeter.
Aneriod.
Ozone layer.
************************************************
Give an example for:-
one of the diseases caused to human due to ultra violet radiation.
Dangeruos pollution caused depletion of ozone layer.
************************************************
29

Practical work for middle two
Activity (1)
Reaction of metal with dilute
30
acids
1- Put small pieces of magnesium in test tube
and add some dilute HCl acid.
2- Put a few of copper turning in another
test tube and add some dil HCl acid.
Obs.:
1- A gas evolves with bubbles in case of magnesium.
2- No. gas evolves in case of copper.
Results:
1- Active metals like Mg and Zn react with dilute acid to give salt and
hydrogen gas evolves.
2- Inactive metals such as copper do not react with water.

Activity (2)
Metals with oxygen
1- Burn one end of magnesium and
put it in cylinder of oxygen.
2- Add some water to produce substance
then add drops of violet litmus solution.
Obs.:
1- Magnesium strip burns with bright light.
2- Litmus solution turns to blue.
31
Result:
Some metals like (Mg) and iron (Fe) react
with oxygen to give metal oxide.

Activity(3)
Reaction of non-metals with
32
oxygen
1- Burn a piece of coal in burning spoon
at put it in cylinder of oxygen.
2- Add some water, then drops of
violet litmus solution or paper.
Obs.:
- Solution turns to red.
Result:
Non metals like carbon react
with oxygen to give acidic oxide.

Activity(4)
Reaction of alkaline earth metals
33
with water
Steps:
1- get three basins of water.
2- put Mg strip in first, a piece of calcium in the second and a piece of
barium in third.
Obs.:
- Number of gas bubbles at barium is greater calcium and gas bubbles
at calcium is greater than magnesium.
Result:
1- Barium is more active than calcium.
2- Calcium is more active than magnesium.
Ba > Ca > Mg

Activity (5)
Activity to show the concept of global
warming
1- Get two empty bottles.
2- Pour some water in first bottle and some
amount of vinegar in second bottle.
3- Put thermometer in each bottle.
4- Put some of sodium bicarbonate powder
in second bottle and close it immediately
to keep CO2 trapped.
5- Put both bottles in sunny place, then measure
the temperature after 10 minuets.
Obs.:
34
- Higher reading of thermometer
in second bottle.
Result:
Increase in concentration of CO2 causes
increase in temperature.

Activity (6)
Formation of ozone by effect of
ultraviolet rays
Use the plastic balls in front of you to show how ozone gas is formed.
Mention one importance for ozone
35
layer
It does not allow passing far and medium ultraviolet rays from sun to earth
so protect living organisms from many harmful effects.

Science bookletالصف الثانى الإعدادى ترم اول

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Science bookletالصف الثانى الإعدادى ترم اول