The document provides information on flowcharts, including what they are, when they should be used, common symbols, and different types. A flowchart is a diagram that uses graphic symbols to represent the steps in a process. They should be used at the beginning of process improvement efforts to help understand and illustrate a process. The key to successful flowcharting is to depict the current process as it actually works. There are three main types: linear, deployment, and opportunity flowcharts. Linear flowcharts display the work step sequence, while deployment flowcharts show process flow and who is involved at each step.

1. Flow
Chart

2. What
is
a
Flowchart
• Is
a
diagram
that
uses
graphic
symbols
to
represent
the
nature
and
flow
of
the
steps
in
a
process

3. When
Should
Use
It?
• At
the
beginning
of
your
process
improvement
efforts
• Understanding
of
a
process
by
explaining
the
steps
pictorially
(illustrated)

4. When
Should
Use
It?
• Because
the
visually
sequence
steps,
it
can
be
very
helpful
in
training
the
employees
according
to
standardized
procedures
• IdenHfy
process
improvement;
once
you
break
down
the
process,
problem
areas
become
more
visible

5. When
Should
Use
It?
• Easy
to
spot
redundant
steps
and
rework
loops
• Helping
the
process
workers
to
understand
who
their
customer
are,
and
how
they
may
someHmes
act
as
suppliers
and
someHmes
as
customers
in
relaHons
to
other
people

6. QuesHon!
• What
is
a
Flowchart?

7. QuesHon!
• Benefits
of
Flowchart?

8. What
Symbols
are
Used?
• Symbols
have
specific
meanings
and
are
connected
by
arrows
indicaHng
the
flow
from
one
step
to
another
– Oval;
starHng
point
– Box;
acHvity
in
the
process
– Diamond;
decision
point
– Circle;
parHcular
step
is
connected
to
another
page

9. What
are
the
level
of
Flowchart
Detail?
• Consider
how
it
will
be
used
and
the
amount
and
kind
of
informaHon
needed
by
the
people
who
will
use
it
– Macro
level;
big
picture
– Mini;
focus
on
only
a
part
of
macro-­‐level
– Micro;
people
trying
to
improve
the
way
a
job
is
done
(very
detailed),
documenHng
every
acHon
and
decision

10. The
Symbols

11. The
Levels

12. How
Do
We
Get
Started?
• Determine
what
you
expect
to
get
from
the
Flowchart
• IdenHfy
who
will
use
it
and
how
• Define
the
level
of
detail
you
need

13. Boundaries!
• These
are
the
starHng
and
ending
points
for
your
Flowchart
• E.g.
for
repair
shop
for
pump;
might
start
when
pump
enters
the
shop
and
when
it
passes
final
tesHng
• Boundaries
determine
the
number
of
acHviHes
to
be
studied
and
the
number
of
people
involved
in
the
process,
funcHonally
and
cross-­‐funcHonally

14. What
are
the
keys
to
successful
flowcharHng
• It
is
vital
that
you
start
by
depicHng
the
process
the
way
it
really
works
• You
need
to
chart
the
process
as
it
is

15. The
Success
• Start
with
the
BIG
Picture
– It
is
best
to
draw
the
macro
level
first,
then
increased
levels
of
detail
• Observe
the
current
process
(in
actual
operaHon)
• Record
the
process
steps
you
observed
• Arrange
the
sequence
of
steps
• Draw
the
flowchart

16. QuesHon!
• The
Key
Success?

17. Flowchart
Types
• Three
main
types
– Linear;
is
a
diagram
that
displays
the
sequence
of
work
steps
that
make
up
a
process
(can
help
idenHfy
rework
and
redundant
unnecessary
steps)
– Deployment
Flowchart
• Shows
the
actual
process
flow
and
idenHfies
the
people
or
groups
involved
at
each
step
• Chart
shows
where
the
people
or
groups
fit
into
the
process
sequence,
and
how
they
relate
to
one
another
throughout
the
process

18. Flowchart
Types
• The
last
one:
– Opportunity
Flowchart
• VariaHons
of
the
basic
linear
type
– Value
added
steps;
– Cost
added
only;

19. Linear
Example

20. Deployment
Example

21. How
to
Construct
a
Linear
• Define
the
process
to
be
flowcharted
• Assemble
the
right
people
(actually
involved
in
the
process)
• Establish
process
boundaries
(starHng
and
ending
points)
• List
the
steps,
acHviHes,
and
decisions
to
be
charted

22. How
to
Construct
a
Linear
• Put
the
steps
in
chronological
sequence
(might
form
the
last
to
the
first)
• Assign
flowchart
symbols
such
as
boxes,
diamonds
• Review
and
Htle
the
flowchart

23. ConstrucHng
a
Linear
Flowchart

24. How
do
we
construct
a
Deployment
Flowchart?
• Follow
the
basic
steps
for
construcHng
a
Linear
Flowchart,
but
modify
them
as
follows:
– List
the
major
steps
of
the
process
verHcally
on
the
le_
side
of
a
sheet
of
paper
– List
the
responsible
process
workers
across
the
top,
each
in
a
separate
column
– Place
each
step
in
the
appropriate
column
under
the
responsible
process
worker’s
name
– Connect
the
steps
in
the
order
in
which
they
relate
to
each
other
NOTE:
EveryhorizontallineinaDeploymentFlowchar9
den9fiesacustomer-­‐supplier
rela9onship.

25. Here
it
is..

26. Example
I

27. Example
II

28. Class
PracHce!!