This slide is about how to support children with ASD in an early childhood setting.

1. By
Novita Lestari
ASD
AUTISM SPECTRUM
DISORDER

2. ASD
Asperger’s Syndrome
PDD-NOS
(Pervasive developmental Disorder Not
Otherwise Specified)
Autism
Mild
Moderate
Severe
High Functioning
Rett’s Syndrome
Childhood
Disintegrative Disorder

3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_GXVzZ0Unk

4. What is Autism?
Autism is more recently described as
“mindblindedness”. This appears during the
first three years of life. A child with autism
appears to live in his/her own world.
http://www.koraorganics.com/blog/live-in-my-skin/all-things-organic/organic-certification/autism/

5. What causes Autism?
The exact cause of Autism is not known. In fact,
genetic factors play a major part in ASD. It
might be cause by several genes combine and
act together.

6. Characteristics of Autism
 Difficulties relating to and communicating with other
people (verbal and non-verbal).
 Restricted interests and repeating particular
behavior and routines.
 Difficulties in social interaction, flexible thinking and
imaginative play.

7. Impacts on other Development
 Around 75% of children with autism also have an
intellectual disability, with 40% recording IQs below 50.
 Across the spectrum, many also show characteristic of
ADHD.
 Many also have delayed motor skills with poor
coordination or clumsiness.
Porter (2008), pg. 197

8. Diagnose ASD
 There is no single test available to diagnose ASD.
Instead, diagnosis is based on watching how the
child plays and interacts with others, interviewing
parents, and reviewing the child’s developmental
history.
 A professional who can diagnose ASD is a
paediatrician, psychiatrist, psychologist, or other
trained professional in ASD.

9. http://www.autismepicenter.com/autism-symptoms.shtml
Red Flag
INFANTS:
 Not smiling.
 Not responding to their name.
 Being more interested in objects than faces.
 Inability to follow pointing hand.
 Struggling to imitate actions.
http://www.e-babysignlanguage.com/2011/11/08/baby-sign-language-how-it-can-help-your-autistic-child-revealed/

10. http://yourmedicalguide.blogspot.com.au/2012/02/what-is-autism.html#.T2CXPrK4qso

11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPDTEuotHe0

12. Sensory Overload
 Sensory overload can happen anytime and this may be
presented in different ways including tantrum.
 This is not ‘naughty’ behavior. It occurs in response to a
trigger factor.
 Sensory overload can be caused by many different factors.
Such as:
 Too many/not enough lights
 A change in routine or environment
 Too much noise/ not enough noise
This list could go on!
http://www.betterworldbooks.com/why-does-izzy-cover-her-ears-dealing-with-sensory-overload-id-1934575461.aspx

13. Information and Modification
 Provide one to one staff ratio for the child with
autism.
 Staff should have basic knowledge about autism.
 Staff should learn basic strategies in communicating
and responding the child.
 If possible have a specialist to come to centre.
 Have a variety visual communication tools
such as pictures around the room.
 Have a chill out zone.
http://angchurchpentintl.org/mission.php

14. http://www.thefind.com/furniture/info-kids-bean-bag-chair
De-Stress Breaks
 When the child is overload, guide him/her to the chill
out zone and give 5 minutes uninterrupted time.
 Ensure the 5 minutes de-stress break occurs at least
once every hour.
 Design a ‘chill-out zone’ with:
http://www.poundland.co.uk/product-range/a-z/assorted-childrens-books/
http://www.couponsaregreat.net/2011/05/27/baby-event-sassy-baby-review-and-giveaway-ends-69/sassy-sensory-balls/

15. Visual Communication
 To lessen anxiety level of the child.
 To assist the child in transitioning independently.
First Then
http://appliedbehavioralstrategies.wordpress.com/2011/11/08/do-you-use-visual-schedules/

16. Example
http://www.autismhelp.info/childhood/cognitive-skills/categories,id,434,1-1.aspx

17. Promotion of Inclusive Attitudes
 Meet and discuss about new child with autism
enrolling in the centre for parents and staff.
 Staff training/workshop about children with autism.
 Staff awareness of inclusion policy in Australia and in
the centre.
 Welcome strategies with staff for child with autism.
 Newsletter to all parents about the child with autism.
 Discussion with all children about autism.

18. Teaching Strategies
 Know the child, talk to parents
 Set goals and make planning & be perseverance
 Be patient and calm
 Give simple command
 Don’t give attention to self-abuse
 Short, easy and quick activities
 Reward immediately
http://margaretcsharpe.com/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=1

19. Independence Activities
 Cognitive Skills:
 Matching Skills:
• Photo to photo
• Object to photo
• Photo to object
• Colour to colour
• Words to words
• Number to numbers
• Picture to numbers
• Picture to words
 Object permanence
cues
 Counting Skills

20. http://www.buildingblox.net/taskideasandfreebies.html
Some Matching
Words & Counting
Activities

21.  Language Skills:
 If the child is non-verbal:
 Teach the child to use visual communication aid/sign
language.
 Use TechTalk (if there’s any).
 Teach the child pointing skills.
 Point and “give me” skills.
 Encourage eye-contact.
 If the child is verbal:
 Teach the child simple words and repeat.
 Use a picture and word games.
 Sing some repeating nursery rhymes.
 Ask simple question.

22.  Motor Skills:
 Trace dotted line
 Trace Shapes
 Copy Simple Shapes
 Coloring
 Trace Letters
 Drawing
 Song with action
 Kick and throw ball
game
 Push ball game on
the floor

23.  Social and Emotional Skills:
 Help setting table.
 Help clean up toys.
 Play games with other children with prompt
such as duck duck goose, etc.
 Imitation games – follow teachers movement.
 Encourage self help skills.

24. Family Needs
1800 052 222 http://www9.health.gov.au/ccsd/usr_general/gen_home.cfm
http://www.facs.gov.au/sa/disability/progserv/people/autism_panel/
Pages/default.aspx
http://raisingchildren.net.au/forum/Forum133-1.aspx
1800 242 636 http://www.carersnsw.asn.au/
(02) 8270 2000 http://www.adhc.nsw.gov.au/
1800 171 882 http://www.playgroupaustralia.com.au/
1800 889 997 http://www.mytime.net.au/
1300 364 277 http://www.relationships.org.au/
0408 720 558 http://www.siblingsaustralia.org.au
http://raisingchildren.net.au/my_child_has_asd/asd_diagnosis.html/open/5

25. Parents Support Group
Autism Spectrum Australia (Aspect)
 This is a not for profit provider of services and assistance
to people with autism and their families in NSW.
 This organization have an ‘Event Calendar’. They held
workshop or events about autism every months. Some
of them are autism awareness
campaign, family fun day,
parent carer workshop, etc.
Autism Spectrum Australia (Aspect)
Contact:
Building 1, Level 2
14 Aquatic Drive
Frenchs Forest NSW 2086
Phone: (02) 8977 8300
Info line: (02) 8977 8377
Email: infoline@autismspectrum.org.au
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26. Relationship with Family
 Have an open and honest communication with family.
 Communicate their child’s interest and strength.
 Put yourself in your family member’s shoes and try to
empathize about what they must feel.
 Assist family to have a sense of belonging and inclusion.
 Listen and learn from family.
 Acknowledge family rights to make decision for the
children.

27. Successful with Autism
Tim Sharper
http://www.laserbeakman.com/

28. Carly Fleischmann
http://carlysvoice.com

29. The 4 most important things to successfully
work with child with autism
Every child is different, you might need to find particular
strategies for each child.
***
They don’t need your sympathy, they need your understanding.
***
Believe in them and don’t give up.
***
Educate Yourself!
http://gregdetisionlinesuccess.com/2011/05/31/service-is-the-answer-to-riches/

30. Bibliography
 One-on-one (2002) Film. Directed by JEFF SCHULTZ. WI: IEP Resources.
 RAISING CHILDREN NETWORK (2006-2012) Autism spectrum disorder
[WWW] Raising Children Network (Australia). Available from:
http://raisingchildren.net.au/articles/autism_spectrum_disorder_over
view.html/context/920 [Accessed 03/03/12].
 Breakthrough: How to Reach Students with Autism (2000). Film.
Directed by JEFF SCHULTZ. WI: Attainment Company Inc.