Racial Disparities in US Healthcare

Reduced Access To Health Care Essay
The rapidly rising cost of health care in the United States has made access to medical care difficult
for many citizens. Additionally, the number of uninsured is increasing because of job loss and
reduction of employee benefits. This trend is projected to continue. The negative effect of reduced
access to health care may have alarming effects on the economic well–being of the nation. The
passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) marks the beginning of
significant transformation in the United States' health care systems. After multiple attempts to
reform health care over the years, the nation's leaders have succeeded in pushing through this
landmark legislation that will ensure most Americans will have access to ... Show more content on
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A series of events has recently occurred to cause the passage of PPACA. Economics are explicitly
linked to health care. In the United States, health care coverage is provided primarily through an
employer–based system. This system began in the depression era when pay was federally frozen.
Companies, in an attempt to lure scarce workers, used benefits packages including health care as
bait. Described as a "uniquely American" "private social security" health care system, the employer–
sponsored system is the "cornerstone" of United States health care system (Blumenthal, 2006). This
system has left many un– or under–insured. Blumenthal states (2006), "The United States'
dependence on employer–sponsored insurance means that the protection of its citizens against the
costs of illness depends directly on the ability of private businesses to manage and absorb health
care expenses that have defied all efforts to contain them." Recently, economic downturn and the
need to reduce expenses to better compete on the global market has caused many companies to both
reduce their insurance benefits package and their work force causing many to lose their health care
coverage. The employer–based system merged with the economic downturn, unaffordable health
care costs for businesses, and
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The United States Vs. Canadian Healthcare System
The United States vs. Canadian Healthcare System
There are different models of universal healthcare systems. The first is compulsory insurance which
demands that residents should buy insurance; various legislations usually enforce this request.
Another type of universal insurance is the single payer health care system which is defined by the
government providing funding for the health care services. The United States health care system
uses the former while Canadian system utilizes the latter. The National healthcare insurance
program describes the Canadian system as a system run and administered by the government. The
health insurance coverage is universal (Ridic, Gleanson, & Ridic, 2012). The United States model,
on the other hand, is characterized by a health package that is purchased in the private corporations
or offered by the federal administration. The private insurances can be obtained from commercial
insurance firms and non–profit insurers. Approximately 84% of United States residents are sheltered
bythe government or private insurance (26%) (Ridic, Gleanson, & Ridic, 2012; Earl, Klees, &
Curtis, 2000). Additionally, a huge percentage of coverage is employment related. In most cases,
employers voluntarily sponsor the health insurance coverage (Ridic, Gleanson, & Ridic, 2012).
Evaluation Canadian and US healthcare systems, this study provides an evaluation of the United
States and Canadian universal healthcare systems.
Differences
The two universal

Pros And Cons Of Universal Health Care And A Single Payer...
Universal Health Care and a Single–Payer System Brian became aware of his testicular cancer five
years ago. Despite insurance, Brian still owed thousands of dollars in out–of–pocket costs. Over the
course of three years, he built relationships with nurses, doctors, and the hospital staff during
treatments and follow up appointments. Without warning or explanation, the insurance company no
longer accepted his hospital as a provider under their plans. He doubted any other hospital staff
could provide the physical and emotional support his previous providers gave and wondered how to
replace the people who had been there during the toughest times of his life (Salmon). The current
health care system in America affects people physically, emotionally, and financially. "Costs are
enormous, yet Americans do not fare better, and often fare worse, than citizens in countries which
spend substantially less on health care" (Cicconi). Before change can be made, a problem must be
recognized. Progressive politicians, health care executives, and activists continuously shed light on
the dysfunctions within today's health care system. Despite having the most expensive health care
system, the United States ranks last overall among 11 industrialized countries on measures of health
system quality, efficiency, access to care, equity, and healthy lives, according to a new
Commonwealth Fund report. The other countries included in the study were Australia, Canada,
France, Germany, the Netherlands,

Single Payer System : Japan
Single Payer System Japan is one of the countries that have a single payer system for their health
care coverage. In Japan the cost for its citizens to have a health insurance is very cheap. Japan's
population is very healthy due to the fact that everyone in Japan has health care. In this country most
insurance plans will include coverage for medical and dental care. People in Japan will less likely to
get sick comparing to other countries. " That is largely due to lifestyle factors, such as low rates of
obesity and violence, but the widespread availability of high–quality health care is also important"
("Business of Health Care – Prescriptions Blog – The New York Times," nod). A single payer
system is a health care system in which the person medical necessaries are covered sometimes this is
referred as universal health insurance. "The Japanese spend half as much on health care as do
Americans, but still they live longer" ("Not all smiles | The Economist," nod). Japanese are proud of
their like care system; they receive all the basic benefits. Some of the services provide with the
single payer system in Japan are; dental care, home care and also cash benefits for childbirth. Japan's
socialized health care system is one of the best care systems around the world. "Japan was the first
nation in Asia to create a comprehensive social insurance program. All citizens are required to have
health insurance, either through an employer–based health insurance program or through the

Single Payer Health Care Summary
In this article a physician named Bennie G.P. Lindeque, describes the flaws of the American health
care system, shows what the health care system in other modern countries are like, and uses this
evidence to show that the American healthcare system is in dire need of reform. Lindeque says that
American healthcare is disastrous and he uses facts to back his claim. For example, he shows that
the World Health Organization ranks the American healthcare system 37th in the world. He also
shows how the U.S. spends more on its healthcare than all other developed nations while covering a
much lesser amount of people than other nations. One of the modern nations that Lindeque takes a
look at is the United Kingdom which runs a single payer healthcare ... Show more content on
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to adopt a single payer health care system to replace our current health care system. One of the ways
this article helps me prove this point is by showing that the American health care system is poor
compared to the other developed nations. Lindeque excellently proves this point with evidence from
experts, "The United States ranks 37th in the world in terms of quality in fairness in its health care
system, according to the World Health Organization". Lindeque also uses some other numbers to
show that the United States spends way more on its healthcare than other developed nations. The
evidence in this article shows that the United States spends way more money on less quality care.
This will go a long way in helping me prove the American health care system is in need of serious
reform. Lindeque's analysis of the health care system of other countries also is very useful. In this
portion of the article Lindeque writes that the British spend half as much on health care as the U.S
while having better health care statistics and overall better health statistics like higher life
expectancy and infant mortality rate. These facts show that the U.K system is far superior because
they spend half as much as their American counterparts to get an overall better healthcare system.
The single payer system of the U.K. is better and facts and observations from health experts coming
from this article proves this assertion to be true. The information Lindeque put in this article will go
a long way in proving my argument to be

Racial Disparities Essay
Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities
While the ACA has been successful in reducing the rate of uninsured, it has failed in a number of
other areas. Data organized by age reveals significant problems when it comes to groups who are
uninsured, we can see a stark contrast between age groups. Among the 15.7% of Americans that are
uninsured, approximately 55.2% of those are comprised of Americans aged 19 to 34 years of age.
This is relatively unsurprising as young people have always been less likely to purchase health
insurance as the result of what many have described as some sort of invincibility complex. The data
on uninsured Americans becomes truly interesting when analyzing the data as it relates to race and
ethnicity. Whites compromise 64.3% ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In a political climate exemplified by partisan conflict and lack of compromise, it will be difficult to
pass either the more conservative or progressive plans. However, certain scenarios could occur that
would allow for significant policy change. If a Republican were to win the presidency, and
Republicans maintained the House and Senate, the political climate could allow for change in a
more conservative direction. Similarly, if a progressive like Bernie Sanders were to win the election
and Democrats retook Congress, a policy window could be opened to implement a universal
healthcare system that would be federally provided rather than

Universal Health Care : Single Payer And Multiple Payer
Health care is a highly political topic, and the issue of whether or not to make health care, universal
is at the center of the controversy (Rich & Walter, 2015). Health care is a vital component of day–
to–day life, and as such it has not been left entirely in the hands of private ownership. There are
regulations in place to ensure people receive quality health care at a relatively low price. Universal
health care would just expand these already existing regulations while opening up health insurance
to the masses. Universal health care has a role in the American Health care system, but only as a
supplement to the private insurance model. There are two main types of Universal health care:
single payer and multiple payer. According to Cicconi and Strug (1999), a single payer system is one
that is financed solely by tax revenue. The United Kingdom is a good example of a single payer
system, the Veteran's Administration is also an example. In the United Kingdom, the government
funds the National Health Service (NHS) which in turn runs the hospitals. The multiple payer
system on the other hand would be funded primarily by private insurance companies and
supplemented by the government (Cicconi et al., 1999).
The American Health Care System
America is one of the only countries in the world that does not offer an universal health care plan
(Rice et at., 2014). In the current American health model, citizens have to purchase health insurance
through their employer or purchase

Health Care Reform Research Paper
Healthcare Reform Healthcare and insurance have been around for a long time. The first president to
try to make a health care system that everyone could use and afford was Theodore Roosevelt (Brill
20). With affordable health care system everyone can receive the health care they deserve which
could raise the life expectancy of people rich or poor. The healthcare system, like any other kind of
system or organization has problems or flaws which can be improved. When one recognizes a
problem in a system the leaders of the system can see where the problem is and begin to fix the
problem, this allows the system to continue to improve all the time causing it to be the best system
at that given time. If problems are seen but not fixed, the system ... Show more content on
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Many people may not know about the inequality that the health care providers have with it comes to
paying medical bills and telling people how much they have to pay per month for their insurance.
For instance, inequality can be when patients have a higher healthcare cost per month due to
misusing opioids in their past (Vitals 20). Healthcare providers look at their client's past and if what
they find is a bad history, they can raise the price of their monthly insurance payments. Healthcare
inequality has been recognized in states like connecticut and those states are currently trying to
figure out how to amend the situation (Waters 22). There are many states and organizations
dedicated on improving healthcare and also the inequality that is in it. The U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services' Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has given away three
hundred million dollars to twenty–five different states to help them improve healthcare (Waters 22).
With that money donated, those states can improve money in healthcare like, inequality and life
expectancy, "life expectancy in poor neighborhoods is a full ten years shorter than in the richest"
(The Physicians Foundation). Part of the reason why poorer places have lower life expectancy is that
because they can't afford to help out those people when they are sick so they don't receive the
medicine and care that they need. There is a gap between organizations and policies of healthcare
but scientists has stated that there needs to be a bridge between organizations and the policies of
healthcare (Denis and Forest 635). If we close the gap between these two items then we can improve
the quality of the healthcare provided already. System inertia is the reason why people believe that
healthcare changes doesn't work (Denis and Forest 634). System

Universal Healthcare Insurance : America's Choice
Universal Healthcare Insurance; America's Choice Today it is a common debate amongst Americans
on Universal Healthcare. Universal Healthcare is also known as Universal Healthcare Coverage, or,
Universal Healthcare Insurance. At the present time, Universal Healthcare Insurance is a system
which provides health care and financial protection to all citizens of a particular country. Notably, it
is believed that Universal Healthcare Insurance will distress the American economy. Universal
Healthcare Insurance will be sturdy for the American economy since there will be a one payer
source system. We can eliminate insurance claims submission, high deductibles, claim approval, and
denials. Providers will be able to make a more concrete diagnosis. ... Show more content on
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Secondly, John Goodman shares his defining moments of the current methods of insurance payers
and how they work: Medicaid is a taxpayer–funded program that provides health insurance to low–
income individuals and families. Medicaid may be administered by the individual states, to a great
extent the regulations and eligibility requirements vary from state to state and are only accepted at
participating providers. Presently, Medicare is a government funded program also paid by the
taxpayer. It provides health insurance to the elderly and disabled community. Multi–payer is a health
care system which health care costs may be paid for by multiple entities through public and private
contributions. Multi payer health care relies mainly on the on the financial capability of the policy
holder or beneficiary. Some people may be disqualified from having this type of plan. For example,
if someone has a pre–existing condition or, if there is a loss of a job or change in jobs. This can
result in a person's health care being affected. In as much, a single payer health care system, this is a
system where a single entity pays the costs of health care, mainly the government. This would allow
the beneficiary or person to freely select where they can receive quality health care. There would not
be a financial barrier, lifetime limits, or preconditions that would affect health care (Alex, Rich). For

Single Payer Healthcare : The Health Care System Essay
Single–payer Healthcare: The Health Care System That America Rejected While campaigning for
the 2016 presidential election, Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont proposed that America should
adopt a single–payer health care system. In Sanders's plan, there would have been only one
insurance program that would have covered everyone in the United States; in effect, other programs
such as Medicaid, Medicare, and especially private insurance would be discontinued (Holahan,
2016, p. 1). If Sanders's proposal were to be carried out, it would be a drastic change from the
current system which predominately comprises of private insurance and hospitals under limited
government regulations. The debate reopened on whether or not a single–payer system would be an
effective system health care system or economically viable. Due to the contrasting nature of current
health care system in the United States, policymakers should approach proposals of single–payer
health care systems with caution and an understanding of the benefits and the drawbacks by
examining the successes and failures of real–world systems.
Background
The concept of a national single–payer health care system in America is far from a new one. In his
journal, Dr. Jonathan Oberlander (2016) listed some of the proposals that have been made in the
United States over the years. The first on his list was a bill that was created in 1943 with plans to
establish a payroll tax–funded health insurance for the whole country; despite the

Essay On Single Payer Health Care
Health Insurance is a given right that everyone deserves. Part of calculating a nations quality of life
includes life expectancy and access to health care. Having a nationwide health care program where
every single American can live a fully healthy life will drastically increase quality of life. When a
good portion of the nation ignores going to the hospital when injuries happen, even when they have
insurance there are a lot of problems as well. The U.S. government should develop a single payer
healthcare program, and focus on increasing the general quality of life inside the United States.
The government should repeal and replace the ACA, but replace it immediately with another
government ran single pay program. This would allow a much broader coverage, with lower copays
and monthly cost. The government already spends vast amounts of money on health insurance, with
proper reform it would not be a massive increase to the budget. This is a better solution than ...
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According the CIA's website the United States ranks 42nd, whilst countries that have global
healthcare; like Canada, ranks at 19th. Being the leader in technology growth and innovation, the
United States being this low is a large problem within the nation. Obamacare was a great start to
getting people involved within the whole idea of a total health care plan. But the United States needs
to catch up, as these rates and copays sky rocket up, the middle class is getting hit with incredible
fee's that just aren't sustainable. This single pay plan would allow middle pay rates to not get hit
with extremely heavy with fees, and still allowing everyone to be covered equally. These changes
will help raise the life expectancy along with life quality of everyone inside the United States.
Healthier Americans allow them to live a longer life participating in the economy, and contributing
to

Healthcare Reform : Socialized Medicine?
Besides the general purpose of providing healthcare to all, the idea of government healthcare is that
there is a single–payer as opposed to multiple insurance companies as well as government payers.
All citizens are considered insured and only charged based on each individual's "ability to pay"
(MacDonald, 2013). This insurance would be paid for by the single–payer, the government, though
the taxation of its citizens. Examples of this type of system can be seen in countries such as Canada
and Sweden, as well as our own Department of Veterans Affairs ' VA health system. The idea of a
nation–wide single–payer system has remained fairly popular in the United States due to the
popularity and acceptance of the government's Medicare program. In MacDonald's article,
"Healthcare reform: Socialized medicine?", he quotes Deborah Chollet, a senior fellow at
Mathematica Policy Research in Washington, D.C.: "No matter where you move in the country, you
keep your Medicare," she says. "It allows you to go to any doctor or hospital you choose, and it 's
not wildly expensive given the relatively expensive population it serves." (2013) Opinions such as
these are what is fueling the desire of U.S. citizens to evolve our multi–payer system into a universal
single–payer system. This would eliminate competing private insurance plans and exclusion of
patients from coverage due to their existing health status (Kemble, 2012). Overall, a single–payer
system appears to be a more equal, streamline

Summary: The Health Security Proposal
President Clinton introduced the Health Security Proposal in 1993. The Health Security Proposal
was supposed to be the answer to the United States healthcare crisis. The Health Security Proposal
was to provide comprehensive universal healthcare to all Americans, with a key provision in the
proposal known as managed care or competition. This would allow states and employers to work
together to make different plans available in return, providing competition among the different
providers of the healthcare plans The proposal was also going have large employers pay for
healthcare while, small employers would have subsidies provided by the government. The proposal
also offered other cost controls and insurance reforms.
Many Americans did not like ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The proposal was dead and so was the idea of managed care. The debate of healthcare continued and
there were new initiatives introduced to control cost and improve quality of care. According to
Wang, "improving healthcare quality includes many methods. Pay–for–performance (P4P) and
public reporting (PR), of hospital quality data have become two strategies to improve the quality in
healthcare". While, the Health Security proposal did have a report card to monitor the quality of the
plans it did not have any metrics to monitor the quality of care or patient outcomes. The proposal
had failed to provide universal access to health care, there was not equitable sharing of benefits and
burdens.The Health Security proposal fit a combination of politics on Oliver's analysis. It was a
combination of entrepreneurial and incrementalism politics. According to Oliver (2006),
"Incrementalism is a natural byproduct of "interest groups politics" that occurs when both benefits
and costs are concentrated. With clear winners and losers, the level of conflict is high and the
outcomes of any single proposal is highly unpredictable" (p. 211). The proposal was incremental at
best because there were going to be 40 million uninsured American left without coverage and it did
not do enough to provoke system wide cost containment (McLaughlin & Zellars, 1992, Cantor,
Long & Marguis, 1995). Oliver defines

The Health Care Solution Missing
Free Market Health Care.
The health care solution missing in the national discussion.
One of the most frustrating things today is progressives pointing at failing socialist policies as proof
of free market capitalism failing. What we have seen the last decade or so is the slow, methodical
creep of socialism into our government. With the result that many in our country think that our
system no longer works. Done on purpose by those who wish America to be a centrally planned
nation. Our health care system is the most recent and best example of how centrists reach their
goals. Centrists/socialists work long term. Decades to achieve a goal is nothing. Looking at changes
through the years allows many things to fall into place. First of all, universal health care was a goal
in the FDR platform. They couldn't make it happen because of the cost. The progressives re–
grouped and started undermining the free market health care system using the "Great Society" of
Johnson as cover. By growing Medicare and Medicaid over the next few decades, it allowed control
over the health care market because the government would control the costs paid for any given
procedure. Doctors, at first, loved the idea as government money was sure money. But in time,
government money became a burden due to overwhelming paperwork and the government paying
pennies on the dollar for procedures. These policies caused pressure in the private sector insurance
because of rising costs. Because of government

The Multi Vs Single Payer System
Health Care in America: Multi Versus Single–Payer System Health care costs in America have
reached an all–time high of 16% of gross domestic product, making the U.S. the single biggest
spender on health care in the world. As health care in America is assessed and analyzed there is
continued debate on the inefficiencies, and fragmentation, and high costs in medications, program
administration, and medical innovation. This has led to discussion, theories, and studies of single–
payer health coverage, and how the U.S could adapt a single–payer system. While no one has
purposed a concrete system, theories exist that a single–payer system can create savings in total
health care cost. In this paper two articles are reviewed that speak to ... Show more content on
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This is in part due to adverse selection, where insures attempt to combat low costs policies for
healthy individuals with the high cost of sick clients. If not properly managed the company could
loss revenue or price out the healthy, causing ever increasing prices, until the company prices itself
out of business. Krugman & Wells (2006) refer to the 80–20 rule where most of the medical expense
is incurred from the smaller amount of patients requiring the most expensive treatments.
Fragmentation is another contributor to cost. Which is a result of private insurance having to
manage different levels of coverage for different clients. Krugman & Wells (2006) argued this
fragmentation costs providers more in administrative costs than the treatment itself. Consumer
Directed Care The idea of consumer–directed care was mentioned by Krugman & Wells (2006)
however, the authors stated that although there was a reduction in the amount of medical care used,
there was no rational thought driving the patient's decisions concerning good or bad care. While this
may be true Giancola (2013), argued for the system to work properly employers involved in this
type of health coverage must ensure employees selecting it are fully informed on the program and
the responsibilities of using the program. While this may help with health care costs the employer
would have to invest a substantial amount of time to ensure their employees

Single Payer Health Care System
Single–payer health care would also improve the ease with which people receive competent health
care. A single–payer health care system with a streamlined means of receiving and paying for
medical care would save valuable time and money as compared to our current health care system,
which is bogged down in a morass of complex and varying insurance forms by indifferent insurance
companies. The complexity could lead one to think the insurance companies would be more than
happy to simply not make payments after their customers have received the required care. The
administrative cost of dealing with so many varied insurance companies alone is exorbitant,
"$82,975 per physician per year spent in the United States"(Morra et al. n. pag). Nearly ... Show
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n. pag). At 20.6 hours per week, dealing with insurance payments and the like is basically a part
time job unto itself. Such time would doubtless be better spent serving and healing the actual
patients rather than attempting to pin down the intricacies of an insurance plan or cost of treatment.
Not to mention the fact that under a national health care plan, there would be less of a need to
individually work out payment plans or deductibles (much of which insurance companies seem to
spend on marketing, anyway). An internist and professor at Harvard, Dr. Steffie Woolhandler stated
that "it may take years for many Americans with high deductibles to understand just how toxic they
are"("Single" n. pag). Dr. Woolhandler is referring to the fact that often, individuals may pay
exorbitant prices for a health insurance plan; but when it comes time to put it to use, it can be
extremely difficult to coerce an insurance company to deliver on their promises. This wastes the
time of both physician and patient, thus making medical care even more difficult to successfully
obtain. A single–payer plan would allow for faster, easier, and more efficient medical care in the
United States.
Single–payer health care would improve the health of the average American because it would make
proper and economical health care more available to every person. America needs to improve its
medical availability in order to better provide for its
Doner 7

The American Declaration Of Independence
Although Americas often preach that we aim to constantly uphold the founding principles of this
country, our government has denied citizens an essential entitlement by refusing to grant accessible
health care for all people. The American Declaration of Independence famously states "We hold
these truths to be self–evident that all men are created equal and endowed by their creator with
certain unalienable rights, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." The right to pursue
life has been denied to the American people for decades now because there is no organized option
for assistance in maintaining proper health. Hypocritical American leaders continue to praise our
unique freedoms while they sit idly by as countless citizens ... Show more content on
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Prominent life insurance companies prepared to capture the private health care market and target it
towards all of their consumers as well as growing families and other groups (Budrys 72). These
companies seized the growing opportunity to cover Americans everywhere and by 1950 almost half
the American population had hospital insurance, compared to less than ten percent just a decade
before (Stevens 259). These private companies functioned as for–profit businesses in order to earn
money for elite company employees, unlike the scarce options, which preceded their plans that
sought to improve their companies with acquired profits.
Once health care became a prevalent issue for Americans and their employer's elite lobbyists began
emerging in the rising market. The American Medical Association, founded in 1847, became the
largest organized group of physicians in America (Palmer, Karen). Members of the AMA were often
encouraged to avoid Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) programs, which emerged
throughout the 1930s, eventually going so far as to incentivizing their physicians to resist any form
of national health insurance. Later, their effort to end "socialized medicine" evolved in 1945 to the
biggest lobbyist movement of its time. At $1.5 million this action lead to a national movement of
private companies attacking the political world with their money and power in an effort to
manipulate the American government and change the way Americans thought about and funded

Healthcare in America
Healthcare in America
B. Powers
ENGL103–1204B–01: Composition: Writing and Research
Colorado Technical University
December 24, 2012
Improving the access and affordability of health insurance coverage for all Americans should be a
primary concern for those who help create the laws of the land. At this date, there are roughly 44
million Americans without any type of healthcare coverage. Another 38 million people have
inadequate health insurance (PBS, 2012). What this all means is that the people who need it the most
are putting off seeing a doctor until last moment and then usually end up visiting an emergency
room. If they cannot pay for the visit, the cost of that ER visit falls back on the taxpayers, people
who have health ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the Affordable Care Act is a step in the right direction for providing healthcare for all
Americans, it will still leave as many people uninsured as it covers. There are two possible solutions
for the country to enact. One would be universal healthcare coverage or national healthcare. It is
defined as a health insurance program that is financed by taxes and administered by the government
to provide comprehensive health care that is accessible to all citizens of that nation (Medical
dictionary, 2012). There are many countries around the world that already have the plan in place,
some having only adopted the health care coverage plan within the last ten years. Brazil, Thailand,
and Sweden are just a few countries that have a universal healthcare plan in place in their country.
While not perfect, all citizens are covered under these government run healthcare plans. The second
solution would be a single payer program. Single payer healthcare is defined as the financing of the
costs of delivering universal health care for an entire population through a single insurance pool out
of which costs are met (Encyclopedia. free dictionary, 2012). There may be many contributors to the
single pool (insured persons, employers, government, etc.) (Encyclopedia. free dictionary, 2012).
Canada, Britain, and Australia are all examples of a single payer healthcare system. The United
States has Medicare, which is considered a single payer system but

United States Government Should Implement A Single Payer...
A nation that does not provide the opportunity, for the flourishing of health among its citizens, is
inherently flawed. A country like the U.S is no exception to this assertion. The United States
government should implement a single payer universal health care system. The Modern U.S health
care is allowing its citizens to rack up vast amounts of medical debt, in addition, large amounts of its
population to remain uninsured. The U.S lags behind an idea, which, many other countries have
accepted and that is health care is a human right. A plethora of positive reasons stand behind the
notion of a single payer universal health care system, like the ones in other countries. However, the
system in place now, has many systemic problems that are hurting citizens, particularly the lower
and middle class. Recently there has been a movement to fix these issues in the system to help the
lower and middle class. This movement spawned Obamacare or the Affordable Care Act.
The program itself is built around two simple goals: giving Americans better access to affordable,
quality health insurance and reducing the growth of health care spending in the United States
(Tamara Thompson 2).
These ideas are inherently humanitarian ones, which, are the same ideas other countries value and
used to develop their healthcare systems.
The ACA is also implementing programs that are similar to a single payer system, offering
"Consumers who meet certain income requirements can have their monthly premium

The United States Public Policy
Healthcare has been at the forefront of United States public policy for decades. Ever since President
Roosevelt proposed healthcare reform during his 1912 run for president, reform has been a policy
position often espoused in American politics, culminating with Social Security in the 1930s,
Medicare in the 1960s, and finally the Affordable Care Act in 2010 (Palmer 1). While the goal of the
Affordable Care Act is to provide care for every American, the United States has never fully adopted
a single payer system; a healthcare system that provides universal care to every American.
Furthermore, current systems within the United States that maintain single–payer attributes are
subject to scrutiny from politicians and activists alike. While ... Show more content on
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In the article "What is Single Payer", Physicians for a National Health Program define single–payer
healthcare as "national health insurance..." whereas "...All residents of the U.S. would be covered
for all medically necessary services..." (1–2). This is, of course, in stark contrast to the United
State's former system: employer based health insurance. Public opposition to the system
undoubtedly lead to the Affordable Care Act (which fits within the aforementioned definition), and
many wish to continue these reforms. Physicians for a National Health Program, a group that
supports single payer, contend that a single payer system is necessary, for their estimates show that,
"premiums would disappear; 95 percent of all households would save money" under a single payer
system (2).
Nevertheless, the promises of more productive and accessible care are at odds with certain findings.
Deane Waldman, author of "Articles: Five Strikes Against Single Payer Healthcare" found that,
historically, there have been five recurring problems associated with single payer healthcare: price
controls, long waiting periods, rationing of care, inefficiency, and exorbitant costs. Waldman
explains that price controls, such as price caps on pharmaceutical drugs which, in turn, destroyed
Italy's pharmaceutical industry (3–4). Waldman continues by elaborating on the woes of Canada's
system, suggesting that some Canadians literally died while waiting for care. She argues that care
was

Single Payer Health Care Act
Single–payer health care system services is a framework in which the state, instead of private
organizations, are responsible for all insurance bills. This system of health contract for medicinal
services administrating from private associations and to public responsibility enhanced by state
governments. In this way subsidizing health billings and alluding to social insurance financed by a
single individual from a solitary reserve which can't indicate the sort of deliverance, or for whom
doctors and specialists work. Its real subsidization of health expenses of all the population of the
respective state without any discrimination or segregation whether rich or poor. The Affordable Care
Act gives Americans better health conditions by giving incentives and security set up of medical
coverage changes that will, Expand scope, Hold insurance agencies responsible, Guarantee decision
making, Lower services costs and Enhance the nature manning all Americans. The Affordable Care
Act really alludes to two separate bills of enactment both by president Obamas administration. Both
the bills grow Medicaid scope to a great many low–salary Americans and makes various upgrades to
both Medicaid and the Children 's Health Insurance Program. Many nations in the world have
single–payer health insurance programs. The programs are universal healthcare forms. In some
cases doctors and specialists are employed, hospitals and health centers run by, the state government
and legislature for example as

The Pros And Cons Of Affordable Care
With the rising worries of healthcare cost and the adaption of the AFfordable Care Act (ACA), the
debate of healthcare is growing across party lines. Even before senator and former Presidential
candidate Bernie Sanders introduced his bill "Medicare for All" that largely sparked the debate in
the media for universal healthcare, the left has been looking for certain policy changes to aid in
decreasing the amount of uninsured in the US. "Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren has also
said 'next step is single payer' when it comes to the Democrats' health–care ambitions," (the atlantic
quote) A growing sentiment among Democratic politicians, and citizens in general, is that the
government should provide insurance for everyone, and that access is healthcare is now an right. A
single payer system of healthcare, most notably modeled by European countries and Canada, aims to
be more efficient, cost effective, and have a broach reach among citizens, leaving 0% un–insured.
Although, the system covers only the government provided "necessities", where the single payer is
the government insurance, which covers "medically necessary" ( nejm. org) operations or checkups,
and leaves citizens to use private insurance to cover other "services not covered not covered by the
government plan" (nejm.org) This model allows for the allocation of a nationwide insurance
program, without the loss of competition for private insurers. This healthcare system can co–exist
with private insurers to offer competition, while ensuring that a vast majority of U.S citizens have
health insurance. Perhaps surprising to all, the model of a single–payer system of health insurance
hasn't just be confined to the last 10 years. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), during his time of
social welfare policies and Second Deal policies, created a series of federal programs focused on
helping the victims of the Great Depression. One of the policies being recommended was a reform
of the existing healthcare policies. In "1933 the entire nation's unemployment rate reached 25%"
(San Jose); without our jobs, there was no health insurance, citizens weren't able to afford medical
care and the impact was jarring. In response to this. FDR created the

The Single Payer Reimbursement System
What is a Single Payer Reimbursement System?
Single payer reimbursement is a health care financing system that "includes both the collection of
money for health care and reimbursement of providers for health care costs." In such a system, the
government or a quasi public agency is the entity that bears full responsibility of collecting funds
and reimbursing appropriate parties, but the provision of care remains in private hands. Through
taxpayer funds, the government collects money from individuals and businesses, and then
reimburses providers who delivered health care services to those individuals enrolled in the public
health insurance program. (http://www.pnhp.org/facts/what–is–single–payer).
Current Healthcare Financing System in the United States
The United States currently employs a multipayer system. The payers in this system include the
government and private insurance companies., thus the collection of money for health care is a joint
responsibility of both parties. Private insurance companies collect premiums and other payments
from enrolled individuals and businesses. The government collects taxes from individuals and
businesses. Regarding reimbursement, the private insurance industry reimburses providers for health
care services delivered to privately insured individuals, while the government reimburses providers
for health care services delivered to publicly insured individuals (e.g. people enrolled in Medicare,
Medicaid, S–CHIP, or the VA).
A Comparison of

Single-Payer Health Care Issues
There are many important issues in this country, and not everyone wants to do something about
them. There is, however, one person who does: Bernard (Bernie) Sanders. One of these major issues
is the extreme income inequality in the United States. Another problem facing the nation in the
rising cost of a higher education. Then there is the old single payer versus multiple payer health care
debate. There are a lot of problems facing this country, and Bernie Sanders is the only presidential
candidate who is willing to try and fix them. One of the issues that is creating a dangerous situation
in this country is the drastic income inequality. When one looks at the information, it is clear to see
these inequalities. Williams and Rosenstock point ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bernie has many plans to combat the horrid income inequality in the United States. His plans for
tuition free college are not only needed but also could work. Switching to a single payer health care
system would reduce cost, improve care, and make the average American's life much better.
Therefore, to fix some of the many problems that this country has, Senator Bernie Sanders should be
elected president, and his supporters should be elected to

The Affordable Care Act Of The United States
Universal Healthcare in the United States has been a long time journey that dates back decades and
we, as a country, are far behind other developed countries who have had universal healthcare for a
long time. Today, Healthcare is obtained through employers or by people paying for it by
themselves, which is incredibly expensive due to high premiums. Five years have passed since the
controversial Obama care, or Affordable Care Act, was signed into law on March 23, 2010. The
Affordable Care Act aimed at fixing the many problems that the United States has with healthcare
by making it available to everyone, but also more efficient and this required drastic changes that
made some people happy while others unhappy since some are benefiting while others are not.
These people include politicians, but foremost presidential candidates. Candidate's stance on the
issue of healthcare is truly important due to the fact that if they're the next president of the United
States, it could hurt or improve the health care reform. Noteworthy candidates are: Jeb Bush, Hillary
Clinton, Marco Rubio, and Bernie Sanders. Republicans and Democrats have long debated whether
or not the Affordable Care Act should be repealed or replaced. Republicans believe that it is a
problem while Democrats support it. The Affordable Care Act should not be replaced but instead
improved because it provides quality and affordable health care to Americans. Everyone gets sick
and people shouldn't be afraid of receiving help

Single Payer Health Care System
This part focuses on the health care system and health promotion. Formerly, I think health care is
very similar in every counties and it is very easy to enhance the health promotion. However, after
having workshops and readings in these few weeks, my initial thoughts have changes a lot.
For me, the most important aspect is the different health care system in different countries. As
Jennifer mentioned in the workshop, there are two types of health care system– single–payer health
care system and multipayer health care system which includes both public and private health care.
Public health care is funded by governments which usually provide free treatment. By contrast,
private health care allows citizens to buy their private health insurance, which generally asks to
spend a huge amount of money(Germov, 2014).
Such differences between single and multipayer health care brings a numbers of controversies.
Some people believed that using a mixed public–private system is appropriate, while others think
having single health care system is better. Such debate is also happened in our workshop, which
makes me consider about the which health care system is better. From my perspective, I think both
of them have advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, for some countries, such as Australia,
China and England, they have both public and private health care(Palmer & Short, 2000; Hamed,
2010; Oliver–Baxter, Bywood & Brown, 2016). It means that every residents have access to public
health. While people in high social–economic status will have opportunities to choose better
services, because the resources in private hospital is more rich, comparing to the lack of resources in
public hospital. However, in this case, there is a big issue named inequality. As WHO(2008) states,
even though people are in different income levels, the wealth gaps should not decide the health gap.
It means that everyone should have the similar accesses and chances to get health services. Such
equality brings equitable health outcomes and remove the underlying health disparities(WHO,
2008). For example, the female life expectancy at birth for non–indigenous Australians is 82, but it
is only 64.8 for indigenous Australians(Wilson, 2014). By

Research Paper On Single Payer Health Care
Kevin Starr
Professor John Davies
English B1A
10 October 2017
Single Payer Health Care and Critical Thinking The United States, a global powerhouse of military
and economic strength has fallen far behind other nations in an unexpected area, healthcare. In a
report published in 2000, the World Health Organization rated the United States as number 37 in the
world when it comes to effective and affordable healthcare. Since this report, many politicians'
agendas have primarily focused on improving the current healthcare system. One of the key
initiatives of Bill Clinton's presidency was a push for what was known as Medicaid for all. This
would be a single payer healthcare system run by the government that would streamline the current
disordered

Essay On Universal Health Care System
In the words of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., "Of all the forms of inequalities and injustices,
healthcare is the most shocking and inhumane" (qtd. in Rashford). The United States is one of the
few developed nations that still lack a universal health care system. Many progressive lawmakers
have attempted to institute such a system but have been shut down by more conservative voters. One
must make the decision between the right to health care, which is debatably the right to life, or the
right to choose one's own insurance, which may not be an option financially. Universal health care
systems have been proven to be effective in most other industrialized nations and in the United
States' own Medicare system; therefore, the U.S. should adopt a similar system.
An analysis of other nations' single–payer systems proves that a similar system would greatly
improve the U.S.'s collective health. The United States is behind in its current health insurance
system. The WHO places the U.S. as the 37th developed nation health care system based on
performance (Hayes). Yet, it spends the most on medical expenses per ... Show more content on
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has come to a universal health care system, has shown an increase in the health of those eligible.
Medicare supports the argument that a universal health insurance system would work in the U.S. and
help raise the nation's collective health. Statistics show that seniors are healthy because they have
access to affordable insurance. In 2005, twenty percent of adults under sixty–five were uninsured.
On the other hand, fewer than one percent of adults over sixty–five lacked health insurance, due to
medicare ("The Impact of Nearly Universal Insurance Coverage"). The boost in the percent of
insured people led to a higher level of health and a lower cost for medical care. Federal healthcare
programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, improve the health of those enrolled (Rashford). Access
to affordable insurance positively affects all

Healthcare Should Be Treated As A Right Or A Privilege
In President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's 1944 State of the Union address, a list of proposed
economic rights to which the president believed all Americans were entitled was enumerated in what
is now popularly referred to as the "Economic Bill of Rights" (Roosevelt). Among the rights listed
was "The right to adequate medical care and the opportunity to achieve and enjoy good health,"
(Ibid). Seventy–one years on, this proposed right is rather poorly guaranteed, if at all. Even after the
implementation of the Affordable Care Act, the Census Bureau reported that 10.4% of the US
population, approximately 33 million people, was uninsured throughout 2014, severely limiting their
access to healthcare (Radnofsky). The United States ought to guarantee universal access to
healthcare through a single–payer system because it is ethical and practical while alternative plans
fail to provide sufficient benefit. The primary ethical issue of healthcare systems is whether
healthcare should be treated as a right or a privilege. America's founding documents provide the
ethical basis for a system guaranteeing access to healthcare. The Declaration of Independence
famously states that all people are granted the natural rights of "...life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness." A government that sought to protect these rights, especially the right to life and the
pursuit of happiness, would logically have to guarantee healthcare to its citizens as good health is a
prerequisite to these rights.

The Presidential Elections Upon The Horizon
With the presidential elections upon the horizon, it is very crucial to exam the potential candidates.
Bernie Sanders is one of the Democratic candidates running for president. He was elected to the
United State Senate after sixteen years as a Vermont congressman in the House of Representatives.
In 1981, he was elected as mayor of Burlington, Vermont. Under his administration, the city made
major strides in affordable housing, child care, progressive taxation, environmental protection,
women's rights, youth programs, and the arts. Now, Bernie Sanders would like to do the same for all
of America. American's should vote for Bernie Sanders to be president because he supports free
health care, free college tuition, and getting our middle class ... Show more content on
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Medicaid is a public insurance program jointly administered by federal and state governments that
covers low–income families and individuals, including: children, parents, pregnant women, seniors,
and people with disabilities. The Affordable Care Act expanded Medicaid coverage by raising the
means–testing threshold to 138 percent of the poverty line ($26,951 for a family of three), which in
turn made more families and individuals eligible for Medicaid. According to the Center on Budget
and Policy Priorities, 28 states and the District of Columbia expanded Medicaid as of May 2015 but
estimates 14 million more adults and children will enroll in Medicaid by 2025. Reportedly,
Medicaid is more cost effective than private insurances. With the refusal of some states to expand
Medicaid through the Affordable Care Act, researchers at the Commonwealth Fund reported that
expanding these programs under the Affordable Care Act would, on average, will cost less than one
percent of their budgets. After expanding under this reform, it would be lower than the cost of
providing uncompensated care to their uninsured residents. Another type of insurance that is widely
used by Americans is Medicare. Medicare is a national social insurance program administered by
the federal government. It provides health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older who have
worked and paid into the system. It also provides health insurance for younger people with

The Need For Universal Health Care Essay
The Need For Universal Health Care
Like many college students I have to pinch pennies to make it through school. Every last penny
counts when budgeting my monetary supply. As a result of this I have found that I do not have
enough to spare to pay for health insurance. Unlike most college students I am over the age of 23
and thus not covered by my parents insurance. Since I am only employed part time I am also not
able to obtain it from work. This puts me in the company of the more than 42 million Americans
who do not have health insurance. It is past time that the United States join the rest of the
industrialized countries that have already decided to provide their citizens with health care. I believe
a single payer health care ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This plan would result in a dearth of money needed for the government funded program as
employers chose high deductible private plans over the federal one. This would result in a lower
standard of health care and not allow all the benefits of a single payer system. Most industrialized
nations around the world have implemented national health care systems to properly protect their
populace. It is past time that the United States do the same.
A single payer national health care program could save American?s billions of dollars currently
being spent on health care and insurance. A 2000 report by John Sheils and Randall Haught of the
Lewin group on the costs and impact of a health care system in the state of Maryland showed that a
single payer system implemented in that state would save its citizens 346.8 million dollars a year.(3)
The majority of savings from this would come from vast reductions in administrative costs
associated with insurance companies and the filing of claims. Sheils also reports that the average
family would spend 261 dollars less each year on health costs (7). John Canham–Clyne notes in his
book The Rational Option that a single payer bill proposed in the Senate was estimated to save the
American public $110 billion a year by the Congressional Budget Office(24). The savings

Universal Healthcare Essay
Introduction
Universal Healthcare is a system under which basic health needs can be paid by a single government
payer. Basic health care needs include treatment for urgent, emergent, preventative, reconstructive,
routine, and chronic care. The United States is the only wealthy and industrialized country that does
not universal health care, however, does have a publicly funded government health care program for
the elderly, disabled, military service, and veterans. Programs like these only cover one quarter of
the U.S. population.
Universal healthcare can be thought as similar to a single–pay health care system. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, many of these people who are uninsured "delay" treatment until it is absolutely necessary
for them to see a doctor (Universal Health Care). By this time most of these patients have reached a
point in their sickness where there is far more treatment needed, and therefore, costs more money.
Consequently, this has an effect of places who are established to help the uninsured since they take
in so many losses many of these establishments are forced to cut back on services or even be forced
to shut down (Universal Health Care). To look at it in simple terms, Universal Health care would
give everyone a right to carry some form of health coverage. As people who pay taxes, they would
be getting coverage for things important in their life. This includes health care. These people would
be able to be covered for "preventive care, pregnancy and childbirth, acute, chronic and catastrophic
conditions, rehabilitation and end–of–life care" with no bearing on their economic condition
(Howard, 2007, p. B.7).
Benefits of Universal Health Care
Implementing a universal health care system would not necessarily force everyone to fall into the
realm of having no options. One argue that by putting Universal Health Care into practice here in
the united states, Americans would be covered and for those who didn't like the system would be
allowed to choose other health care alternatives

Free Public Health Care Or A Single Payer System
Free public health care or a single payer system as it's referred to, is a health care system in which
the state/government pays for any and all health care costs for its citizens. However in the south
pacific region this system is becoming increasingly unsustainable, citizens are now being required to
meet the full or partial costs of their treatment. This new system is referred to as the user pays
system where the government is not responsible for meeting the costs of its citizen's healthcare. This
new system has been met with both positive and negative reactions. It is the responsibility of the
government to provide free health care to all its citizens who benefit in a social and economical way.
However a lot of people have taken to abusing these benefits in the very same sectors. This essay
will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of free public health care. There are many advantages
of free public health care, most of it benefits in an economical way. Firstly, it is affordable by all. By
having free public health care it can be said that health care would be readily available for people of
all walks of life, regardless of their social or economic positions it will be offered to anyone. Since
free health care uses single payer system, any and all health care costs for treatments or medical
visits would be taken care of by a single entity (usually this is done by the government) citizens
would not have to worry about getting treatments done which would have been

A Single Payer Health Care System
Despite recent changes that have slightly improved the proficiency and productivity of the American
health care system, it continues to be a deficient and muddled operation that damages both the lives
and livelihoods of those that depend on its competence. Rather than looking to the efficient systems
established by the majority of the developed world, The United States still clings to its archaic and
incompetent model of privately controlled health care. This has created a structure where, despite
paying nearly twice that of other western countries, the life expectancy and quality of treatment is
either the same, or inferior. We spend more tax money per capita than many other nations, spend
more as private individuals, and still experience mediocre outcomes that often result in bankruptcy
for the person or family attempting to receive proper care (Squires, 2015). Instead of this abhorrent
example of incompetence and instability, The United States should switch to a single–payer health
care system.
One method of implementing this system would be through the United States Congress. Dealing
with any issue in regards to legality or lawmaking, the legislative branch is responsible for passing
bills, representing their constituents, and funding any project or action taken by the government (233
– 235). The lawmaking process begins when an idea or opinion gets presented to a congressman.
Should their constituents be in favor of the idea, they will draft a bill, or have their

Single-Payer Health Care System: A Case Study
While America has more doctors per one–thousand people the doctor office waits would be
dreadful, it would be similar to waiting at the Department of Motor Vehicles. Under a single–payer
health care system, patients would have to wait to schedule an appointment then wait for an
additional time to see the doctor, much like the Department of Motor Vehicles. Michael Tanner and
Cannon both strengthen this analogy by stating that "the wait for heart surgery can be as long as 25
weeks" in Sweden and "some will probably die awaiting treatment" (Cannon and Tanner). They also
wrote that nearly nine–hundred thousand British citizens were awaiting treatment at a National
Health Service hospital and over fifty–thousand surgeries were canceled, most likely due to lack of
resources (Tanner and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unlike the United States, Sweden has a mixed market economy and a single–payer or universal
health care system. Sweden as a whole could also be categorized as a socialist economy because
their taxpayer system is "designed to redistribute wealth more evenly among the population via
social programs" implying that the government's goal to is create a society where everyone can be as
equal as possible (EW). Essentially, this allows the individuals in society who do not work to leech
off those who do work. With the understanding that someone individuals simply cannot work due to
disease or condition, there is some leeway for government assistance. However, if the everyday
individual is receiving something without working to climb up the financial ladder the program and
the economy would suffer a major collapse. This lack of motivation will lead to less and less
economic competition which will lead to what Teddy Roosevelt fought so hard against in the late
1880s through the early 1990s (The Independence Hall

The Paradox of the Affordable Care Act
The Paradox in the
Affordable Care Act
Submitted By:
Vodney Wynn vewynn@aol.com October 12, 2014
PA582_CourseProject
Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................3
The History of Healthcare Reform............................................................................................4
The Problem with the ACA.........................................................................................................6
The Current Policy.......................................................................................................................8
Policy Alternatives.....................................................................................................................10
Evaluation Criteria.....................................................................................................................10
Policy Recommendation...........................................................................................................12
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................13
References..................................................................................................................................14
Introduction
Recent health care reform ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
17.1% of Americans who did not have coverage prior to the ACA will have access to quality
affordable health insurance through their State's health insurance marketplace, or the expansion of
Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (Sommers, Kenney, & Epstein,
2013). Furthermore, there is also a mandate for employers to advance access to work based
coverage.
Through successful implementation millions of Americans would benefit from the imposition of
health insurance through the ACA. The law intended to cover the poorest Americans under the
Medicaid expansion option and to cover low and middle–income earners with new health insurance
exchanges. However, in June 2012, the Supreme Court overruled a portion of this landmark victory
by giving each state the option to forego the Medicaid expansion provision. The Court's ruling
creates a breach in the ACA's potential to afford healthcare to the working poor and abandons those
who do not quite qualify for market place subsidies. Consequently, a large segment of the United
States population will remain uninsured due to the lack of affordability.
The following analysis will explore the current health insurance problem under the ACA. It will

discuss the proposed policy of Medicaid Expansion and the impact of States not cooperating with
the implementation of such provision. Moreover, a recommendation on strategies to alleviate the
health

Single Payer Healthcare System
Abstract: A single payer healthcare system is essentially a health care program in which all medical
services are paid though government infrastructure and funding. Thus, all citizens under a single
payer system have health insurance coverage and equal access to all healthcare services. Many
countries such as the United Kingdom have maintained a successful full single payer healthcare
system, therefore indicating that it is a viable solution to increase healthcare coverage. The United
States does have aspects of a single payer in place already such as Medicare and Medicaid,
nonetheless the United States healthcare system is greatly fragmented between private and public
healthcare coverage. Consequently, it is possible to expand on Medicare ... Show more content on
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One major part of the U.S. healthcare system is Medicare, which is designed to deliver healthcare to
those who are 65 or older, and also Medicaid, which delivers healthcare to those that are certain
level below the poverty line. These two are the main parts of the Untied States healthcare system to
deliver access to the highest risk groups, the old and impoverished. The majority of health insurance
is provided by private insurance companies, 49% of which is through employers, however, after the
passage of the ACA many have taken advantage of market place premiums.1 This fragmentation of
a healthcare system poses several issues as healthcare costs continue to rise, and it is difficult to
implement a universal

Single Payer Health Care Essay
Is The U.S. Ready for Single Payer Health Care? The beginning of the article started off very strong
with the Republican views on how replacing theAffordable Care Act/ Obamacare seems to be
beneficial because Americans believe that the government needs to provide healthcare for all which
is "Medicare for all." Throughout government; the left and right sides do not see eye to eye but in
this discussion, they both seem to acknowledge the likelihood of this new system. Republican
Senator Jerry Moran said that "If we leave the federal government in control of everyday health care
decisions, it is more likely that our health care system will devolve into a single–payer system." This
means that people are seeing health care as a right, not a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the article, it says that more than thirty percent of Americans support this push to have a
personalized plan. The Pew Research Center reported that 60% of the population said that the
government should ensure health care coverage but 39% said that the government should not which
brings up a question, where is the other 1% leaning. The influence of private investors, companies
and government programs have completely taken over the health care system so the core roots of
what was originally established have been somewhat lost. Pharmaceutical companies are very
against the push to single–payer health care because it jeopardizes their profit off their patients.
Looking at how the investors see Obamacare is that they get to control the prices of medications,
they mandate how much a procedure may cost and it can fluctuate depending on where you want to
seek care. The single–payer option completely discards the monopolies out of health care and also
underpays physicians. "In a single–payer system," Dr. Michael Accad from San Francisco says,
"planners decide arbitrarily what the payments should be, and payments fall because there are no
competitors and no choice for providers to bid up payments." A study did show that primary care
physicians received higher pay with Medicare rather than a centralized system such as Canada. Dr.
Accad says that single–payer systems in Canada, the United Kingdom, and other developed

Essay On Single Payer Health Care
The U.S should adopt a single–payer health care system because it would ensure that everyone has
access to quality health care regardless of whether they can pay for it or not. It would allow millions
to have quality care and remain healthier for longer periods of time. The single–payer, health care
system, gives everyone the right to quality healthcare. The single–payer health care system, is not
without its faults if the U.S employed a single payer system that would mean that it is government
controlled and research universities, physicians, and medical equipment manufacturers would all
essentially become government employees. First, the pros of having a single payer health care
system are well documented. According to GUJHS (April 2004; Vol.1, No.3) "A single–payer
system, in which the government finances health care but the delivery of health care services in
under private control, is the only way to achieve distributional efficiency in the U.S' health care
system." In the single–payer system, a "single–payer" refers to the funding that would be made up of
a single public or quasi–public agency that finances everyone's medical ... Show more content on
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One drawback I found across all my research was that health care is regarded as an economic good,
based on the individual buying the health care, rationing relies on the ability to pay for it, and
individuals are responsible for finding their care. "Americans should not adopt a national health care
plan because embedded in the nation's culture are the deontological values of individual
responsibility, self–reliance, and capitalism, and the market–oriented society supports private rather
than government solutions to social problems of health, like all other economic goods, healthcare is
a business" (GUJHS 2004). Since health care is looked at as an economic right, many do not want to
pay for someone else's

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