2. Herbert first conceived the idea of correlating the
teaching of various subjects. ‘All knowledge is one
unit’.
“The power of the mind does not depend upon the
amount of information accumulated in pieces, not
related to one another, but is rather on well-organised
system on which all these pieces of knowledge are
taught, showing their relationship with one another.”
This is known as the principle of Correlation.
Later on Zillar made this theory of correlation more
elaborate.
Then De Garmo and John Dewey laid stress on the
integration in the teaching of various subjects.
Today, correlating of teaching of different subjects is
considered highly essential
3. Acc.To Raymont, "No subject is ever well
understood and no art is intelligently practiced, if
the light which the other studies are able to throw
upon it is deliberately shut out.”
Technique which establishes reciprocal relationship
between different subjects of the curriculum for the
better and clear understanding of the subject under
discussion.
4. Correlation is the inter-relation of material.
The term ‘correlation’ in its simplest form
means “connect or to be connected” .
To be more precise, ‘Correlation’ means
mutual relations of two or more
things/persons
It is a technique of teaching learning which is
used to establish a reciprocal relationship
among the various subjects of the curriculum
and between the school environment and the
outside environment.
5. Education is a co-ordinated process and the
major aim of education is the ‘unification of
knowledge’ existing in the different branches
of learning.
Knowledge is one invisible whole, which cannot
be divided into water tight compartments.
Teaching of various subjects is hence
correlated.
A conscious effort is made to integrate
various subjects to treat the subject as a
synthetic whole
6. Correlation in teaching indicates a
technique which shows the reciprocal
relationship between various subjects of
the curriculum for making the knowledge
concrete and permanent.
It is the conscious effort made by teachers
teaching various subjects, to show
similarities or dependence of one subject
on another
7. Mind perceives knowledge as a whole. Therefore it becomes necessary to correlate
one subject with another. No subject can be taught in isolation
Fragments of knowledge may accumulate at one place in the form of distinct layers.
Since every piece of knowledge is gained through one and the same mind.
Failure in establishing links between the current layers of knowledge and previous
ones may be an obstacle to retention of earlier knowledge.
Knowledge is useful when it can be applied to day to day life. Correlation of a subject
with daily life helps to make the knowledge broad-based and makes knowledge
useful.
It strengthens skills that students encounter in one content area but also practice in
another, leading to mastery of those skills.(skill of making graph in maths and
economics)
It helps to lighten the burden of curriculum. e.g. economics teacher having taught
‘the law of demand and supply’, a commerce teacher may not have to again teach it
from beginning
8. 1. Need for correlation of subjects arises because it
a) Brings Association of ideas
b) Brings Stability of knowledge
c) Makes the burden of the curriculum light
d) All of the above
9. Complex and interrelated problems of life
Crowded curricula
Artificiality of treatment
Association of ideas
Gestalt point of view
New trends in curriculum
Stability of knowledge
Economy of knowledge
Development of interest in the subject
Makes the burden of the curriculum light
Development of human and social qualities
10. It gives sort of unity to the curriculum
It encourages all round development of the
child
Bridge gap between school and society
It prevents narrow specialization
It makes education natural
It establishes close relationship between
experience and knowledge
It makes lesson interesting and easy to
comprehend
12. 1) Incidental Correlation: correlation between
subjects occurring by chance not planned.
2) Planned Correlation: It’s a deliberate attempt to
correlate subjects.There are two types of planned
correlation:
a)Vertical Correlation- correlation of economics
with various branches of economics
b) Horizontal correlation- correlation of economics
with other subjects
c) Correlation with life.
13. An Commerce teacher can take help of …………. to correlate production,
consumption, distribution, exchange
a) Incidental correlation
b) Horizontal correlation
c) Planned correlation
d) Vertical correlation
14. Teacher who is teaching production of
cloth may explain to the students the
geographical factors like soil, climate that
are responsible for the production of
cotton is using:
a) Incidental correlation
b) Horizontal correlation
c) Planned correlation
d) Vertical correlation
15. Economics and Commerce
Economics and Political science
Economics and Geography
Economics and History
Economics and Mathematics
Economics and Sociology
Economics and Psychology
Economics and Agriculture
16. 1. Which statement is true
a) Economics is a branch of Commerce
b) Economics is not related to Hindi
c) Economics has no root without History
d) Economic situations have no say in the political life of a
country
17. Economics provides the base of commerce as
a subject of study
The development of Commerce is linked with
the economic development of the society
Commerce is sometimes regarded as
practical application of economic principles
Commerce is concerned with the ‘how and
why’ of economic activity
18. Main aim in Commerce is
to study about business, industry, trade and organization
study all activities beginning from production and leading up
to distribution
study of trade, banking, export, import, book-keeping, etc
All the above are closely associated with economics.
19. Why Economics is known as mother of
Commerce?
a) Commerce is generated from Economics
discipline
b) Economics is compulsory to understand
Commerce
c) Commerce connects cycle of production and
exchange
d) All of the above
20. Which statement is true?
a) Economics and commerce cannot be
studied separately.
b) They are inter-twined.
c) Through the knowledge of commerce, it is
possible to run the economy of a country
more efficiently.
d) All of the above
21. Development of Indian trade and industry
Indian banking system
Indian business organization
Indian currency
Economic laws and principles
22. Economics in past was known as the “Political
economy”
Economic situations have a decisive say in the
political life of a country
Every political party is supposed to have its
own economic programme
The burning questions of politics at the same
time are the questions of Economics-Garner
23. Economic and political policies and system
Colonization and decolonization
Monetary systems
Taxation
24. Agriculture, minerals, forests, industries and trade
are all influenced by geographical or physical
environment
It is geographical factors which govern the wealth
of a country or nation
The geographical factors determine the means of
livelihood of the people
If geographical conditions are favorable, economic
activities related to agriculture , trade, commerce,
industry flourish
Industrial centre come on account of climatic
factors
25. In economics we study about various goods.The production
is governed by various geographical factors such as nature of
soil, climate.
Economic conditions of a country depend to a large extent
on its geographical conditions.
India could become a great power in ancient times because
of its geographical situation and other conditions.
Agriculture, industry and other economic activities depend
to a large extent on geographical factors.
Availability of raw materials means of transport and types
land (plateaus, deserts, mountains, etc) are considered in
major decisions of business.
Certain industries and trade develop in a particular place
when geographical conditions favor them.
26. Important topics where relationship between
Economics and Geography can be established
a) Development of industries in India
b) Food problem
c) Development of Indian agriculture
d) All of the above
27. Localisation of industries
Indian trade
Development of industries in India
Sources of energy
Food problem
Development of Indian agriculture
28. “Economics without history has no root, history
without Economics ”
History is the store house of human civilization
and economics is based on human civilization
Many wars in past and the present owe their
origin to economic causes
Europe-Industrial revolution
First and second world war-for economic
considerations
We come to know about economic factors for
various historical events
29. Both subjects are social sciences.
After Industrial Revolution production of quantity and quality of goods
improved. Also resulted in competitive business for marketing of finished
goods.Gave rise to infighting among various developed European
powers which resulted in huge wars and new powers emerged.
First and SecondWorldWars were fought for economic considerations.
To get knowledge of various economic factors that were responsible for
various historical events, we have to depend on history.
History tells about the economic development of various countries.
When we read a particular period in history, we learn about economic
conditions prevailing in that period.
The beginning of medium of exchange such as gold coins and others are
studied in history.
30. The Russian revolution
French revolution
The war of American independence
Economic views
Malthus theory of Population
Monetary Economics
31. “Statistics are the straw out of which I like every
other economist, have to make bricks”
Marshall
Statistical data provide concreteness and
vividness to various economic situations
Drawing of curves, diagrams, graphs, sketches,
and tables in Economics depends on the
knowledge of mathematics and statistics
Almost all theories and practices in Economics
derive their reliability on the principles of
Mathematics and statistics
32. Solving numerical problems depicts correlation of economics with
a. Maths
b. Biology
c. Art
d. Geography
33. There exists very close relationship of economics with
mathematics particularly statistics.
Most of the economic theories are propounded on the basis
of statistical data.
In economics we make use of various mathematical
symbols.
To formulate theories, Geometry and Algebra are widely
used.
Without statistics the knowledge of economics remains
incomplete. Marshall said, “Statistics are the straw out of
which, I like every other economist have to make bricks”.
To draw graphs, sketches, and tables the teacher of
economics depends on mathematical knowledge.
34. Malthus theory of population
Quantity theory of money
Keynes theory of interest
Business knowledge
Law of production
Law of demand and supply
Elasticity of demand
Consumer’s surplus
35. Economics deals with production ,
consumption and distribution of wealth in
society. This statement reflects correlation
of Economics with
a) Geography
b) Sociology
c) Psychology
d) Agriculture
36. Principle of Economics can be applied only
when we have the knowledge of the
formation of the society
The economic policy of a country can only be
properly understood when we know about
social conditions of that country
The social structure, the family structure, the
religious inluence all cast a good deal of
impact on the economic conditions
38. Economics “studies human behaviour as
a relationship between ends and scarce
means which have alternative uses” This
definition reflects relationship of economics
with:
a) Geography
b) Sociology
c) Psychology
d) Management
39. If economic principles are laid down with an
eye on human psychology , one can be sure
to go a long way towards economic success
Bonus, prizes, incentives, service conditions,
job satisfaction all are concepts of psychology
increasing production
Important topic where relationship between
Economics and Psychology can be established
INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY
40. The function of agriculture are determined by
the principles of economics
Agriculture of a country cannot develop
unless it is based on certain economic
principles
Agriculture teaches about types of soil,
seeds, manure, water, etc and thus helps in
economic development of the country
