The document discusses obesity as a significant health concern linked to various risks such as heart disease and diabetes, emphasizing the importance of understanding body mass index (BMI) for diagnosis. It outlines causes of obesity, including inactivity, poor diet, genetics, and medical conditions, and describes potential health complications associated with being obese. The text also highlights the necessity of consulting a doctor for diagnosis and treatment options, which may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.

1. Obesity
Done by : Mohammed A Qazzaz

2. Obesity
All of us love to have a well-built bodies, or at
least not to be obese, and we have the right to
think like that, because obesity is not just a
cosmetic concern, it's also a risk for some health
problems, such as heart disease, diabetes and the
high blood pressure and others.

3. I am sorry it looks dangerous but don’t panic, you
can prevent your health problems easily, and you
can lose weight through change the life and
dietary style, increase physical activity and others.

4. What is Obesity?
Obesity is that, you have a high amount of fat in
your body, and from that definition you can
notice that, obesity is not about more weight,
it's about more fat . To understand this you may
weight more because you are tall. And this is
normal.

5. Now you want to know if you are obese or
not, and this is easy, all you want is to
measure your weight in Kilograms (kg)
and your height in meters (m), and then
use this formula
Or you can use this one too

6. This formula will give you your body mass index
(BMI). the obesity is diagnosed when the (BMI) is
30 or more. now look to this table below to
know more about the (BMI).
BMI
Result
Less than 18.5 Underweight
18.8-24.9
25-29.9
30-40
More than 40
Normal
Overweight
Obese
very obese

7. Now with the (BMI) you
can diagnose yourself as
an obese or not, but still
one
problem.
Some
people like the muscular
athletes find their (BMI)
higher than normal, when
they most likely have a
normal amounts of fat in
their bodies, and the
answer is that, they
weight more not because
of fat, but because of
muscles.

8. What are the causes of obesity ?
Our daily bodies activities need energy come
from food we eat, and more exercise and
activities burn more calories that we get from
food. And not just the activities need to burn
calories, also many metabolic reactions in the
body need the energy from food, such as to warm
up in cold weather and to sweat in the hot days.
But when our food calories amounts exceed the
body need, they will be stored in the body as fat.

9. So the causes of obesity is a combination of states and risk
factors that work together to store more fat in our bodies,
and these factors include:
•Inactivity:
without activity you don’t
burn as much calories. and
you need to have more
exercise
to
burn
the
excessive calories.

10. •Diets: some bad eating habits
like high calories diets epically in
the night, or skipping a healthy
breakfast, and replace it by junk
fast food, all of that increase the
body fat .
•Pregnancy: some women after
the baby is born have an
increasing in their weight, and if
they don’t lose that weight, with
many
pregnancies
after
that, they may become obese.

11. •Lack of sleep: this cause disturbances
in the body hormones, and increase the
appetite. you also may crave to height
calories food.
•Drugs: some medications lead the
body to gain more weight, these drugs
include, diabetes medications, steroids
and beta blockers,
anti-seizure
medications, antipsychotic medications
and antidepressants drugs.

12. •Medical conditions: some diseases and syndromes lead the
body to store more fat and gain weight like Cushing syndrome.
some disease low the metabolic rate in the body and low the
amount of burned calories every day
such as the
hypothyroidism. And some diseases lead the patient to low his
activity, such as the arthritis or maybe the patients with
paraplegia
•Genetics: genes affect the amount of body fat we store and
where to store,
•Family lifestyle: not because of the genes we find the obesity
runs in the families, it also because of their life style and the food
they eat. We can notice that some countries such as USA, have
more obese people than others countries like Japan and this is
because the culture and the life style.

13. •Age: obesity could occur at any age, but when we get age
we lose more amount of muscles built. more amount of
muscles give higher rate of metabolism and calories burning.
When we lose them we reduce the calories burning and tend
to fill the body with fat.

14. What are the complications of obesity?
Now is obesity dangerous, the answer is yes, and if you are
obese you are at risk to have one or more of a great number
of obesity health problems. including:
•Type 2 diabetes.
•High blood pressure.
•Stroke.
•Heart disease.
•Gallbladder disease.
•Osteoarthritis.
•poor wound healing.
•Sleep apnea,( dangerous sleep disorder in which breathing
repeatedly stops and starts).
•High cholesterol and triglycerides.
•Metabolic syndrome.
•Cancer.
•Depression.

15. And many other conditions, moreover the quality
of life may be lower, and may be you can't do
everything you want and like as easily as you
would like, you can't join some family activities
or you may feel some shame or depressed.
And this is a list of some weight-related states:
Depression.
Sexual problems.
Social isolation.
Physical disability.
Discomfort.

16. Do you need to
go to the doctor?
Yes, you must go to the doctor asking for help. It's
important to talk to your doctor honestly about yourself,
your health, your diets and your life style, because that
is very helpful to improve your health. So when you go
to a doctor write down some questions to ask.

17. These questions about why you can't control your weight and
how you can do that. Ask about if you should see a
dietitian, ask about treatment options for obesity and for its
complications, ask about surgery and you may ask him about
what websites are useful for you to read more about your
health.

18. The doctor can't answer most of your question else he
ask you some questions and a after examining your
other health conditions. so the doctor will start his
management with the following tips:
Taking your obesity history: the doctor have a lot
of questions about your life style, your weight, when
you noticed it, how long you have been obese, what
factors make you obese, what diet you eat typically,
how your daily activities are, do you smoke or drink, do
you think the stress affect your weight, what
medication do you take. And he will ask you about your
family, if there is any one have the same condition,

19. Physical examinations for your expected heath
problem: the doctor first will start to examine your
general physical conditions and your vital signs
including, the blood pressure, the temperature, the heart
rate and heart sound, the lungs and the breathing
sounds, and examination for your abdomen. After that
we will ask you to have some blood test to look for the
complications of the obesity.
(BMI): of course the doctor will calculate your body
mass index.
Blood tests: the blood test he will ask to have include
the cholesterol test, fasting glucose, liver function test
,and thyroid tests.

21. Treatment
the healthy weight is the main goal for obesity treatment.
and you can reach that by making a good treatment plan
with your doctor and may be a big team of nutritionist,
dietitian, obesity specialist and nurse.
This plan include:
Dietary changes.
Exercise and activity.
Behavior change.
Prescription medication.
Weight-loss surgery.

23. The Prescription medication. Include:
Orlistat (Xenical).
Lorcaserin (Belviq).
Phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia).
Phentermine (Adipex-P, Suprenza).

24. The prevention is always better than the
treatment, and if you feel currently overweight or
your body mass index exceed 30, you need to start
your
prevention program.
More exercise: 150 to 250 minutes of moderate
intensity activity every week is helpful to keep you
away from obesity, and these activities such as fast
walking and swimming.

25. Eat healthy: low calorie and fibers
rich food such as fruits, vegetables are
good food to have every day, but
saturated fats and sweets and alcohol
are extremely bad , they increase your
body weight, and threaten your health.
Monitor
your
weight:
monitoring
your weigh and
calculating your body mass index
will be very helpful to know how
your prevention plan work.