The document discusses obesity, defining it as an excess amount of body fat. It notes obesity increases the risk of health problems like heart disease and diabetes. The causes of obesity are explained as including diet, lack of exercise, genetics, medical conditions, and other lifestyle factors. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet modification and increased physical activity, as well as medication or surgery in some cases. Prevention through diet, exercise, and weight monitoring is emphasized.

1. Obesity
R D Cagampan

2. What is Obesity?
• Obesity is when you have a high amount of fat
in your body.
• Obesity is not about more weight, it's about
more fat .
• You may weigh more because you are tall.
And this is normal.

3. • All of us love to have a well-built bodies
• Obesity is not just a cosmetic concern, it's also
a risk for some health problems, such as:
• heart disease, diabetes and the high blood
pressure and others.
Obesity

4. The good news is you can prevent your health
problems easily, and you can lose weight through
change in life and dietary style, increase physical
activity and others.

5. To know if you are obese or not, and this
is easy, all you want is to measure your
weight in Kilograms (kg) and your height
in meters (m), and then use this formula

6. This formula will give you your body mass index
(BMI). the obesity is diagnosed when the (BMI) is
30 or more. now look to this table below to
know more about the (BMI).
BMI Result
Less than 18.5 Underweight
18.8-24.9 Normal
25-29.9 Overweight
30-40 Obese
More than 40 very obese

7. • Now with the (BMI) you
can diagnose yourself as
an obese or not, but still
one problem.
• Some people like the
muscular athletes find
their (BMI) higher than
normal
• They have a normal
amounts of fat in their
bodies but they weigh
more because of muscles.

8. Some facts:
• Our daily body activities need energy from
food we eat.
• Many metabolic reactions in the body need the
energy from food, such as to warm up in cold
weather and to sweat in the hot days.
But when our food calories amounts exceed the
body need, they will be stored in the body as fat.

9. • Inactivity:
without activity we don’t
burn as much calories. and
we need to have more
exercise to burn the
excessive calories.
The causes of obesity is a combination of states and risk
factors that work together to store more fat in our bodies,
These factors include:

10. • Diets: some bad eating habits
like high calories diets especially
at night, or skipping a healthy
breakfast, and replace it by junk
fast food - all of that increase the
body fat .
• Pregnancy: some women after
the baby is born have an
increasing in their weight, and if
they don’t lose that weight, with
many pregnancies after that,
they may become obese.

11. • Lack of sleep: this cause
disturbances in the body hormones, and
increase the appetite. you also may crave
to high calorie food.
• Drugs: some medications lead the
body to gain more weight, these drugs
include, diabetes medications, steroids
and beta blockers, anti-seizure
medications, antipsychotic medications
and antidepressants drugs.

12. • Medical conditions: some diseases and syndromes lead the
body to store more fat and gain weight like Cushing syndrome.
some disease low the metabolic rate in the body and low the
amount of burned calories every day such as the
hypothyroidism. And some diseases lead the patient to low his
activity, such as the arthritis or maybe the patients with
paraplegia
• Genetics: genes affect the amount of body fat we store and
where to store,
• Family lifestyle: not because of the genes we find the
obesity runs in the families, it also because of their life style and
the food they eat. We can notice that some countries such as
USA, have more obese people than others countries like Japan
and this is because the culture and the life style.

13. • Age: obesity could occur at any age, but as age, we lose
more amount of muscles built. more amount of muscles give
higher rate of metabolism and calories burning. When we lose
them we reduce the calories burning and tend to fill the body
with fat.

14. What are the complications of obesity?
• Type 2 diabetes.
• High blood pressure.
• Stroke.
• Heart disease.
• Gallbladder disease.
• Osteoarthritis.
• Sleep apnea,( dangerous sleep disorder in which
breathing repeatedly stops and starts).
• High cholesterol and triglycerides.
• Metabolic syndrome.
• Cancer.
• Depression.

15. Moreover the quality of life may be lower, and maybe
we can't do everything we want and like as easily as
we would like, we can't join some family activities or
we may feel some ashamed or depressed.
List of some weight-related states:
• Depression.
• Sexual problems.
• Social isolation.
• Physical disability.
• Discomfort.

16. Yes, you must go to the doctor asking for help. It's
important to talk to your doctor honestly about yourself,
your health, your diets and your life style, because that
is very helpful to improve your health. So when you go
to a doctor write down some questions to ask.
Do you need to
go to the doctor?

17. The doctor will start his management with the following
tips:
Taking your obesity history: the doctor ask about
life style, your weight, how long you have been obese,
what factors make you obese, what diet you eat
typically, how your daily activities are, do you smoke or
drink, stress effect on your weight, what medication do
you take, family - if there is any one have the same
condition.

18. Physical examinations for your expected health
problem: the doctor first will start to examine your
general physical conditions and your vital signs including,
the blood pressure, the temperature, the heart rate and
heart sound, the lungs and the breathing sounds, and
examination for your abdomen. After that we will ask you
to have some blood test to look for the complications of
the obesity.
(BMI): of course the doctor will calculate your body
mass index.
Blood tests: the blood test he will ask to have include
the cholesterol test, fasting glucose, liver function test
,and thyroid tests.

20. the healthy weight is the main goal for obesity treatment.
and you can reach that by making a good treatment plan
with your doctor and may be a big team of nutritionist,
dietitian, obesity specialist and nurse.
This plan include:
Dietary changes.
Exercise and activity.
Behavior change.
Prescription medication.
Weight-loss surgery.
Treatment

22. Prevention is always better than the treatment, and
if you feel currently overweight or your body mass
index exceed 30, you need to start your
prevention program.
More exercise: 150 to 250 minutes of moderate
intensity activity every week is helpful to keep you
away from obesity, and these activities such as fast
walking and swimming.

23. Eat healthy: low calorie and fibers
rich food such as fruits, vegetables are
good food to have every day, but
saturated fats and sweets and alcohol
are extremely bad , they increase your
body weight, and threaten your health.
Monitor your weight:
monitoring your weigh and
calculating your body mass index
will be very helpful to know how
your prevention plan work.