2. Body Proportions
• Infant head is ¼ their total length
• Adult head is 1/10 their total length
• Long trunk
• “pot-bellied” abdomen
• Short legs
– Cause for “toddling”
3. Bones and Teeth
• Mainly made of cartilage
– Lying in one position may flatten head
– “tummy time”
• Ossification
– Depositing of calcium and phosphorus
– Skeletal frame becomes sturdy
– 1 yr. Old has only 3 bones in hand; adult has 28
– Skull becomes one bone by 2nd year
4. Bones and Teeth
continued
• Deciduous teeth
– Nonpermanent are developed by birth
– Sequence is usually the same
– Timing varies
5. Motor Development
• Use and control of muscles that
direct body movements
• Gross-motor skills- large muscles
• Fine-motor skills – small muscles
6. Motor Skills Develop in 3
Patterns
A. General to Specific
B. Head to foot
1. head control
2. trunk control
a. rolling over
b. sitting
C. Leg control
1. crawling
2. standing
3. walking
