Management of Rural and Urban Development

1. Metropolitan Governance
Arrangements in the Philippines
MPA 213 (Management of Rural and Urban Development)
Presented by : Bjorn Kaye T. Nicolas, EMT, RN, MSN

2. Metro Manila Development Authority
•Is an agency of the Republic of the
Philippines created embracing the
cities of Manila, Quezon City,
Caloocan, Pasay, Mandaluyong,
Makati, Pasig, Marikina, Muntinlupa,
Las Piñas, Parañaque, Valenzuela,
Malabon, Taguig, Navotas and San
Juan and the Municipality of Pateros.

3. •The Agency is headed by a chairman, who is
appointed by and continues to hold office as
the discretion of the president.

4. Functions of MMDA
 Planning
Monitoring
Coordination

5. History of MMDA
November 07, 1975 -
President Ferdinand Marcos
issued presidential Decree
824 creating Metro Manila
and its managing public
corporation the Metropolitan
Manila Commission (MMC).

6. First Lady Imelda Marcos appointed as
Governor
Ismael Mathay Jr appointed as
Vice-Governor

7. January 09, 1990 –
President Corazon Aquino
issued Executive Order No.
392 in accordance to article
18 section 8 of the 1987
Philippine Constitution
replaced commission with
Metropolitan Manila
Authority (MMA).

8. Jejomar Binay of the Municipality
of Makati served as its first chairman
Ignacio Bunye of the Municipality
of Muntinlupa year 1991
Ismael Mathay Jr. of the
Municipality of Quezon City
year 1992

9. March 01, 1995 – President
Fidel V. Ramos, the congress of the
Philippines composed of the senate
and the house of representatives
passed the RA No. 7924 creating the
Metropolitan Manila Development
Authority (MMDA).

10. Prospero Oreta as the
first chairman of
MMDA year 1995.

11. Metro Manila Council
• Governing board and policy making
body of MMDA.
• Composed of the mayors of the cities
and municipalities.

12. Together with the following Departments:
1. Department of Transportation (DOTr)
2. Department of Public Works and Highways
(DPWH)
3. Department of Budget and Management
(DBM)
4. Philippine National Police (PNP)
5. Housing and Urban Development
Coordinating Committee (HUDCC)

13. Functions of the Councils
1. It approves metro-wide programs, projects, issues,
rules, regulations and resolutions deemed necessary
by the MMDA.
2. Approves the annual budget there of for submissions
of the Department of Budget and Management (DBM).
3. It promulgates rules and regulations and sets policies
and standards for metro-wide application governing
the delivery of basic services, prescribes and collects
service and regulatory fees, imposes and collects fines
and penalties.

14. Metro Manila Development Authority
Functions and Powers:
1. Formulate, Coordinate and regulate the
implementation of medium and long term plans and
programs for the delivery of metro-wide services, land
use and physical development within Metropolitan
Manila.
2. Prepares, coordinate and regulate the implementation
of medium term investment programs to metro-wide
services which shall indicate sources and uses of funds
for priority programs and projects.
3. Undertake and manage on its own metro-wide
programs and projects for the delivery of specific
services under its jurisdiction subject to the approval
of the councils.

15. 4. Coordinate and monitor the implementation of such plans,
programs and projects in Metro Manila.
5. The MMDA shall set the policies concerning traffic in
Metropolitan Manila, coordinate an regulate the
implementation of all programs and projects concerning
traffic.
6. Install and administer a simple ticketing system, fix impose
and collect fines and penalties for all kinds of violations and
traffic rules and regulation, confiscate and suspend or revoke
drivers licenses in the enforcement of such traffic laws and
regulations the provisions of RA 4136 and PD 1605.

16. Metropolitan Arrangements in the Philippines:
A New Urban Development Challenge
According to Philippine Institute for Development Studies,
Metropolitan arrangements vs. decentralization contemporary
regional development phenomenon occurring in the
Philippines is the emergence of new regional spaces through
the formation of metropolitan arrangements. A metropolitan
arrangement is a conglomeration of a highly urbanized city and
the local government units contiguous to it, engaging in co-
operative urban development ventures.
https://issuu.com/ryacat/docs/pidspn9810

17. ***Both the 1986
Philippine Constitution
and the 1991 Local
Government Code
grant local
Government the
power to group
themselves for
purposes commonly
beneficial to them.

18. Metropolitanization
• would in effect make local governments give up
some of the some broader powers.
• According to economic standpoint, urban services
can be more efficient if they are jointly planned and
delivered thereby creating economies of scale greater
positive externalities will spill over to society as a result
of metro arrangements.

19. Metropolitan Arrangements in the Philippines
- Metro Arrangements in the Philippines are a
phenomenon of the 1990’s.

20. There are four precursors of Metropolitanization
1. Common pressing problems can lead local governments
to band together in hopes of a better solution.
2. Regional development programs which defines certain
areas targeted for development, often provide the
impetus for theses areas to metamorphose into metro
arrangements.
3. A simple edict from the national government can put a
previously non existent metro arrangement into map.
4. The initiatives of the locals themselves can give use to
metro arrangements.

21. Policy Issues
The following are issues that need to be resolved.
1. What structure to adopt
2. A crisis of identity, a question of loyalty
3. Conflicting priorities
4. Harmony in diversity

22. Three Basic Models of Arrangements
(Metro Structures)
1. Metropolitan City – a single LGU has responsibility for
all local functions.
2. Jurisdictional Fragmentation – the responsibility for
the same local functions is lodged with the
component LGU’s of the metro arrangement.
3 types
1a. Council
2b. Authority
3c. Metro Arrangement

23. 3. Functional Fragmentation
– The functional fragmentation under which component
LGU’s have limited responsibilities for service delivery.
- The model authorizes autonomous local entities with
corporate powers to undertake specific services on a
metro-wide basis.

24. 1a. Metro Development Council – a governing body composed of city
and towns mayors comprising the metro arrangements.
Leadership is appointed from among members.

25. 2b. Metropolitan Development Authority – Much more attractive
structure in view of its relative institutional permanence greater
corporate powers and functions
The head of the authority is typically government appointed.

26. 3c. Metropolitan Government – There is single-tier council and the
city and municipal mayors acts as area managers.

27. Challenges in Metro
2. Solid Waste Disposal
and Management
1. Transport and traffic
Management

28. 5. Shelter Services
4. Zoning and Land
Use Planning
3. Flood control and
sewerage
management

29. 8. Pollution Control
7. Urban Protection/Public Safety
6. Health and Sanitation

30. 9. Elderly Services
10. Emergency Rescue
11. Manpower Development and Employment

31. 12. Water Supply
13. Peace and Order
14. Trade and Investment Promotion

32. The Emergence of Metropolises
• Associated with the country’s drive to become more modern
and competitive global economy is the emergence of
metropolises, which is defined in theory as large urban
settlement having at least one million population. Given such
definitions, the only metropolises that would qualify are
Metro Manila, Metro Cebu and Metro Davao. There are,
however, other metropolises that do not qualify to the
theoretical standards but behave functionally as such and are
henceforth classified as metropolitan arrangement.
Ruben G. Mercado and Rosario G. Manasan (2001).

33. Metropolis vs. Metropolitan Arrangements
Angotti (1993) in writing a modern day perspective on
metropolitanization in the world has suggested a general rule-of-
thumb in defining a metropolis by referring to it as a large urban
settlement with at least one million population. A city is different
from a metropolis as the former is only a medium-sized settlement
with a population between 100,000 and one million. Also a unique
feature of a metropolis is that its geographical area usually extends
across several local government boundaries. Metropolitan
arrangement is a term being introduced in this paper to define or
classify other and the local government units contiguous with it
enter into a cooperative venture in planning and implementing
urban development activities.
Ruben G. Mercado and Rosario G. Manasan (2001).

34. The formation of metropolitan arrangements have
emerged mostly in the 90s. With many of these
arrangements being established, this paper asks: Is this
just a fleeting phenomenon given the recent emphasis
placed worldwide on mega-cities? Or, is this a prelude to
future trend in the management of the urban
environment in the 21st century Philippines? If there are
significant benefits to this form of geopolitical
cooperation, how can these be strengthened and
enhanced as an alternative mechanism for effective and
efficient urban service delivery?
Ruben G. Mercado and Rosario G. Manasan (2001

35. Metro
Arrangements
https://issuu.com/ryacat/docs/pidsdps9831

36. Population: 387, 000
Land Area: 973 square kilometers
Total # of politico-administrative units: 5
Organizational structure: Metro
Authority (Propose)
Metro BLIST

37. Population: 9.45 million
Land Area: 6.33 square kms
Total # of politico-administrative
units: 17
Organizational Structure:
Metro Manila Development
Authority (MMDA)
Metro Manila

38. Metro Naga
Population: 502, 299
Land Area: 1,258 square kilometers
Total # of politico-administrative
units: 15
Organizational structure: Metro
Naga Development Council
(MNDC)

39. Population: 1.44 million
Land Area: 923 square kilometers
Total # of politico-administrative
units: 10
Organizational Structure: Metro
Cebu Development Council
MMCDC)
Metro Cebu

40. Population: 437,000
Land Area: 208 square
kilometers
Total # of politico-administrative
units: 4
Organizational Structure: Metro
Iloilo Development Council
(MIDC)
Metro Iloilo

41. Population: 1 million (City proper)
Land Area: 2,211 square kilometers
(City proper)
Total # of politico-administrative
units: 1 (City proper)
Organizational Structure: Davao
Integrated Development Program
(DIDP)
Metro Davao

43. References
• Ruben G. Mercado and Rosario G. Manasan (2001). Metropolitan
Arrangements in the Philippines: Passing Fancy or the Future
Megatrend. Available from: [accessed Sep 22
2018].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24110733_Metropo
• https//en.m.wikipedia.org.
• https//issuu.com
• www.officialgazette.gov.ph

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