Pros And Cons Of The Snail Darter

Pros And Cons Of The Snail Darter
Did you know that many big rivers and lakes have dams to control the water flow? I grew up in a
place that did not have many big bodies of water which made it hard to really appreciate what dams
do to help the environment. However, the Tellico Dam is a controversial issue. The Tellico Dam was
a planned to be built by the Tennessee Valley Authority, but got delayed once they discovered a
endangered species. Where the government was allowing the Tennesseans to build the dam, in
Lenoir City, Tennessee, there was a small population of a rare species of fish, the Snail Darter. The
Snail Darter is a very small species of fish found in Eastern Tennessee freshwater. A little bit larger
than the average paperclip, this animal is part of the perch family and primarily feeds on aquatic
snails. The females can lay about 600 eggs a year. Found in shallow water, the darters, in captivity,
only live up to about four years and even less in the wild. Completing the dam would likely wipe
out the Snail Darters in that area, and the Darter could become an extinct species. I believe that we
should keep the Endangered Species Act strong to protect animal and plant species such as the
Darter. My reasons for this are that the act protects our native species, animal/plant ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Endangered Species Act was created to help save the endangered and threatened species and
help their ecosystems. Basically, its purpose is to slow down the extinction rate. Created on
December 28, 1973 by Congress, this act protects about 2270 species of animals and plants and
helps many ecosystems. This act was signed by the president of the time, Richard Nixon. A species
being endangered means that the species is likely to go extinct without help. A species being
threatened means that the species could soon become and endangered species without help. The
Endangered Species Act is important because it protects the animals we have
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Lake Overflow Hypothesis
John Strong Newberry first introduced the idea of Lake Overflow in 1861 after discovering that the
Bidahochi Formation, an old lake basin, at times was dry and at other times held freshwater. This
led to Newberry to propose the first hypothesis. Essentially Newberry came to the conclusion that a
lake ponded behind a structure and eventually over spilled on a low spot of that structure incising
the Grand Canyon (Intro Part 1). Although Newberry didn't provide much evidence to support his
claim, a man named Eliot Blackwelder revisited this claim in 1934 and provided a much needed
piece of evidence. Blackwelder discovered the Muddy Creek Formation, a deposit of local fluvial
deposits that drained around the area of Lake Meads current location. This discovery ... Show more
Stop 4A, 4B , 4D, and 10C provide the evidence. In stop 4A we discover that green clay is present
which states that a lake was present and it was not shallow. Stop 4B holds facts that strongly suggest
that Lake Bidahochi overflowed. "The formation is split into three members. The upper member,
with the localized green clay deposits, possibly formed from a lake that over spilled the Kaibab
Plateau and cut Grand Canyon" (Stop

Battle Between Snail Darter Fish and the Telico Dam Essay
The snail darter case can be a little ridiculous. Its between the 3–inch snail darter fish and then
whether to build the Tellico dam. The main eye attention to this argument is whether we should let
the snail darter fish live or not. If we build the Tellico dam to snail darters will die. On the other
hand its a big deal because the snail darters are on the endangered species list. In my opinion I'm on
the snail darter fish side because I think the fish should live. The cost to build the dam is eighty
million dollars. To me that a lot of cash, how about you? I can understand how this case got serious
and that some people favor the side of the dam and some other favor the side of the snail darter like
I do. Yes the snail darter fish is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tellico Dam serves to divert water through a short canal into Fort Loudon. This dam being built is
very good for trout and bass fishing. In the 1950's thousands of dams were being built then in 1970's
they decided to build a dam. In the Little Tennessee River. Its length was 3,238 feet its height was
129 feet. Total capacity is 467,600 acre feet, the surface area is 14,200 acres.
Another thing is the Endangered Species Act it is a very important part of this argument it is the
main problem of why the Tellico dam had to stop the process of building it for a while. Basically,
the Endangered Species Act is one of the dozens of United States environmental laws passed in the
1970's. It also has a listing status which is ETC and it stands for Endangered Threatened Candidate.
The Endangered Species Act is an act to provide safety of the endangered and threatened species of
fish, wildlife, and plants, and for other purposes. My opinion too is that I think it is an amazing to
have this if we didn't have this some of our animals would be dead. Its great to know we still have
people out there who worship and care for all species of animals.
One of the reasons to keep the Snail Darters is because I care for all living things I really don't think
this fish should die. Plus it has no reason to die, what did it ever do to us?
Just because it is maybe three inches doesn't mean let it die! I say let it live. All of this mess with
court

The Snake River History
The Snake River is the largest tributary of the Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest. One of the
most important rivers in the region, it rises in the mountains of the Continental Divide near the
southeastern corner of Yellowstone National Park and flows through Idaho and Oregon before
finally emptying into the Columbia River in Washington. Fifteen dams have been built on the 1040
mile Snake River and its tributaries, mainly for purposes of providing irrigation water and
hydroelectric power, ranging in size from small diversion dams to major high dams. While the many
dams have transformed the region's economy, they have also had an adverse environmental effect on
wildlife, most notably on wild salmon migrations. Nearby Hells Canyon is one ... Show more
Early fur traders and explorers noted regional trading centers, and archaeological evidence has
shown some to be of considerable antiquity. One such trading center in the Weiser area existed as
early as 4,500 years ago. On the Snake River in southeastern Washington there are several ancient
sites. One of the oldest and most well–known is called the Marmes Rockshelter, which was used
from over 11,000 years ago to relatively recent times. Eventually, two large Native American groups
controlled most of the Snake River: the Nez Perce, whose territory stretched from the southeastern
Columbia Plateau into northern Oregon and western Idaho, and the Shoshone, who occupied the
Snake River Plain both above and below Shoshone Falls. Below Shoshone Falls, the economy
centered on salmon, who often came up the river in enormous numbers. Salmon were the mainstay
of the Nez Perce and most of the other tribes below Shoshone Falls. Above the falls, life was
significantly different. The Snake River Plain forms one of the only relatively easy paths across the
main Rocky Mountains for many hundreds of miles, allowing Native Americans both east and west
of the mountains to interact. As a result, the Shoshone centered on a trading

Bull Creek Research Paper
Bull Creek is a 45–50 acre dog–friendly natural park and swimming hole owned/managed by the
city of Austin. The stream running through the center is perennial and runs over a small man–made
damn. The park is close to Loop 360 and there is ample parking at several points along the hiking
path. Bull Creek is mainly popular as a hiking spot you can bring your dogs to, rock climbing off of
one particular granite face, and swimming. We did not swim on our visit because we had our kids
with us and the creek has tested positive for fecal matter on several occasions after rain – most
likely overland flow washing in waste from the dogs that use the park. The hiking trail stretches ~3
miles through the Bull Creek green belt. It would not make a good

Tellico Dam Case Study
(1.) The ride sharing service, Uber, is a successful and disruptive service in the car service industry;
however, the business model creates a dynamic situation for individual Uber drivers. According to
Bales and Woo (2017), Uber drivers are independent contractors who do not receive the same
benefits as taxi drivers, including protection from individual liability. While debate exists between
the drivers and Uber over the employee or contractor classification, Uber asserts that the legal
obligations fall upon drivers due to the freedom associated with drivers' work hours. Due to the risks
of liability from vehicle incidents, Akalp (2015) recommends that Uber drivers set up a limited
liability corporation in order to protect drivers from losing personal assets in the event of being sued
in contractual disputes. In addition, Akalp (2015) recommends that an S Corporation tax status
provides a more convenient ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Perhaps a plan to preserve the habitat through the creation of a spillway to allow moving water for
the snail darters was needed in order for the construction of the dam. Nevertheless, an important
concept is gained from the Tellico Dam case, which is the paradigm between business, government,
and society. For example, Plater (2013) describes the media coverage surrounding the Tellico Dam
case as an important factor in the outcome. The media focused on the impact to the snail darter and
neglected the impact to the local community in the event the dam was not completed. However, the
main failure lay at the feet of the TVA because the organization failed to address the concerns of
society. TVA should have consulted with the community and environmentalists about the impacts of
the dam's construction, thus creating a dialog with the community and providing realistic strategies
to mitigate risks and improve public

Durkheimian Theories Applied to Buffalo Creek Essay
This essay will describe Emile Durkheimâ€™s concepts of social integration and social/moral
regulation and will explain how Durkheim connects them to suicide. It will then utilize those
concepts to analyze the social effects of the Buffalo Creek flood, as described in the book
â€œEverything In Its Pathâ€?, by Kai T. Erikson, showing other consequences besides higher
suicide rates.
Durkheimâ€™s concept of social integration refers to social groups with well–defined values,
traditions, norms, and goals. These groups will differ in the degree to which individuals are part of
the collective body, also to the extent to which the group is emphasized over the individual, and
lastly the level to which the group is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, we have Fatalistic suicide, which occurs in societies with high levels of social regulation.
This is only briefly discussed in Durkheimâ€™s work, as he saw Fatalistic suicide, â€œas a rare
phenomena in the real world.â€? (I1) An example might be someone with an overregulated and
difficult life, like a slave.
In order to understand how Durkheimâ€™s concepts apply to the Buffalo Creek disaster, you must
first know some things about Buffalo Creek, West Virginia. Prior to the disaster in 1972, Buffalo
Creek was a typical coal mining community, home to some five thousand people. It had changed
over the years, population rose and fell with the periodic coal booms, the population had actually
risen to two or three times its present size in 1972. Most of the people who came and left were
mainly temporary, just following the work. However, some who left were lifelong residents and
â€œan even more substantial number of young persons who had grown up in the area.â€? (23) They
left for the same reasons that all young people leave this type of community; they did not want to be
cast in the roles of previous generations. So, before the flood on February 26, 1972, the
residentâ€™s of Buffalo Creek had very high levels of social integration and social regulation. It
was a very

The Intake Structure Essay
The Intake structure is provided in three separate shafts for stop–log gate, trash rack and service
gates are provided. Following types of gates are proposed. Emergency / Stop Log Gates Provision
of one emergency gate of size 5000M X 7000OM – MT Capacity EOT Crane with lifting beams is
made for lifting and lowering the emergency gate. Arrangement of ACC hoisting structure is to be
provided. Trash Rack Gate: Trash Rack Panels with E.O.T cranes of 20 Metric Ton Capacity with
lifting beam and RCC hoisting structure is proposed. Service Gate The service gate consists of gate
of size 4X9 meter with hydraulic lifting and lowering system. Intake Tunnel: A circular Intake
Tunnel of 7.2 m finished dia with 50 cm R.C.C lining is proposed, considering 4 m/s limiting
velocity. Length of intake tunnel is proposed as 227 m with radius of curvature 70 m at the junction
with intake structure. A bed slope of 1:100 is provided. Head Race Tunnel: A circular HRT of 7.2 m
finished dia with 50 m R.C.C lining is proposed. Length of HRT is proposed as 30 m upto the
junction of Y–piece. Discharge through the tunnel is considered as 160 cumecs. Pressure Shafts: It
is proposed to install 2 units of 40MW reversible turbines. A steel line Y–piece is provided to branch
the pressure shafts, after which two circular steel lined pressure shafts 2.9m dia, are provided upto
spiral case inlet. Similar arrangement is provided on the d/s after draft tube control valves. Power
House: Power House

Case Study: The Governor Edmund G. Brown California Aqueduct
The Governor Edmund G. Brown California Aqueduct is a system of canals, tunnels, and pipelines
that transports water collected from the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the valleys in Northern and
Central California to Southern California. The over 400–mile aqueduct is the primary feature of the
California State Water Project.
The California Aqueduct is operated and maintained by the Department of Water Resources (DWR).
The California Aqueduct includes one pumped–storage hydroelectric plant (Gianelli Power Plant).
Gianelli is located at the base of San Luis Dam, which forms San Luis Reservoir, the largest off
stream reservoir in the United States.
The aqueduct begins at the San Joaquin–Sacramento River Delta at the Banks Pumping Plant, which
pumps

Pros And Cons Of Flood Control Essay
Flood control is a public good that helps to prevent flooding which, benefits the community, but can
cause market failure. Flooding can cause serious property damage and harm the lives of people and
other species. Floods can be caused by many reasons such as, high tides, hurricanes, tsunamis,
heavy rains, broken dams and more. Flood control is used to help prevent disasters caused by
flooding waters. Flood control is important everywhere, but it is even more important in areas where
there are large amounts of water like the Mississippi River, the Gulf Coast, East and West Coast, and
even the Great Lakes. There are many more areas, but those are just to name a few. In areas like
these, flood control is a public good because everyone has the ability to benefit from whatever is
being used to control the flood such as, dams, levees, sea or break walls, sand bags etc. Public goods
are not excludable nor rival in consumption which means everyone has access to it. The government
provides money for flood control to be built making them a public good and free for everyone to use
as protection against floods. Since flood control is free and the government pays for the flood
prevention this means it is a free market. A free market is an economic system where price is
determined by unrestricted competition. Market failure is when a market fails to allocate resources
efficiently. A public good can cause a market failure because if people get to use an item for free,
firms cannot

Carvin vs. Arkansa Power and Light
Case Study 4 CARVIN vs. ARKANSA POWER AND LIGHT,
14 F.3d 399, 1993 U.S. Court of Appeals for Eighth Circuit
You be the Judge
By: Jenny Wagner
December 23, 2009
Did the easement relieve Arkansas Power and Lights from liability for flooding? Yes, Arkansas
Power and Light should not be held liable for damage to property cased by flooding where an
easement existed.
In 1923–1947 Arkansas Power and Light (AP&L) constructed several dams on two Arkansas lakes,
Hamilton and Catherine. AP & L obtained "flood easements" on property adjoining the lakes. AP&L
sold lake side property and kept the easement in force. These flood easements permitted AP&L to
"clear of trees, brush, and other obstruction and to submerge by ... Show more content on
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Alabama Power Co., 1989).
References
Beatty, J., Samuelson, S. (2009). Introduction to Business Law,, 3rd Edition.
Cengage Advantage Books
Carvin v. Arkansas Power and Light, No. 90–6055, 1991 WL 540481, slip op. at 4–7 (E.D. Ark.
Dec. 2, 1991)
Jones v. Scott, 256 Ark. 653, 509 S.W. 2d 831, 833 (1974)
Borders v. Alabama Power Co., 547 So. 2d 446, 447 (Ala.1989).
Ark. Code. Ann. Sec. 15–22–210(1) Arkansas Soil & Water Conservation

How Did Mulholland Use St. Francis Dam?
The St. Francis Dam was built in 1926 in the month of May by William Mulholland. Mulholland
used concrete as the material to build the damn. The St. Francis Dam was Mulholland's first
concrete based dam. He had previous experience with earthen dams but decided to practice outside
of his expertise and use concrete. This decision was was because the mountainous site lacked the
sufficient amount of clay or water to construct hydraulic fills. The design of the downstream of the
dam was a wide set of sets. Its materials were made of unreinforced concrete. It was designed to
hold back water through its sheer weight pressing down onto the ground with the support of an
arched plan that took advantage of the water pressure behind it to compress the dam between the
sides of the canyon that supports the lateral pressure of the arch. The initial design of the dam
specified a 500 feet radius of curvature for the main structure, with a height of 175 feet and a width
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were many failure factors that were a result of Mulholland's decision. He neglected cracks
that were observed after the dam was completed. The failure involved water pressure pushing
horizontally against the dam's wall and the weight of the dam directed downward. The resultant of
the two forces was between was diagonally downwards across the toe of the base. This resultant
force caused the dam to rotate and overturn about the toe. Mulhollands lack of knowledge in
concrete structures showed when he did not include cut–off walls and grout curtains as they would
be sufficient to reduce the possibility of water infiltrating beneath the dam. Without it, the water
seeped under the dam and caused the dam to become buoyant. This geological hazard was the result
of the failure, which was from sediment flowing into streams of water from landslides that pushed
against the dam's wall and caused it to tilt downwards towards the

Johnstown Flood
Johnstown Flood. Directed by Mark Bussler. Produced by Mark Bussler. Janson Media, 95 mins.
The Johnstown flood, of May 31st 1889, is a devastating part of American history that forever
changed the lives of thousands of people. Before the destructive flood more than 30,000 people
lived in Johnstown and surrounding towns. The main industries of the time were the Pennsylvania
Railroad and Cambria Iron Works, who also supplied houses that were often times built just at the
edge of the Conemaugh River, which ran through Johnstown.
The South Fork Dam above Johnstown was built in 1852, and was bought out 5 years later by the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company. The railroad company, looking to build railroad tracks, soon built
the dam up for that purpose.

Teton Dam Response Paper
Response Paper 4 The thirst for water has lead individuals and organizations to build dams across
rivers at an alarming rate. During the early 1900s dams were being built so fast it was no longer big
news when a dam was completed. These structures provided controlled irrigation water and
hydroelectric power to the communities not only close to the reservoirs and dams, but also provided
irrigation water and hydroelectric power to communities many miles away from the river.
Negatively blocking the flow of the river has impacted fish ecosystems, increased evaporation of
water, and flooded intricately important landscapes. These negative impacts, it can be argued, affect
the humans living downstream or within the flood plain of the dam site. Dams ... Show more
The dam had been hastily built on a site that should not have a dam or a large body of water.
Engineers and government officials were slow to learn that dams site need to be thoroughly assessed
to be safe. Closer to home, the Teton Dam is an example of how the perceived need to have water
can create dangerous and often deadly consequences. The Teton Dam was built in southern Idaho's
Snake River basin on the Teton River. Extensive studies were conducted at the site to test for things
like water availability and soil structure. The main aim was to provide water that could be used in
times of drought as a buffer. The area was irrigated well using wells; however, extra water is always
welcome in the southern Idaho desert. Many of the short comes of the site were over looked.
Engineers stated that the dam could be built well enough to overcome the issues in the land. On
June 5 the engineers were proved wrong. Throughout the day leaks that had developed the day
before grew larger. By midmorning the dam gave way spilling its contents into the flat open Snake
River Plain. The flood waters wiped out the small town of Wilford, crashed through Rexburg, and
flowed through Idaho Falls. In the end 11 people died and countless homes were floating

Essay on New Orleans Levees
For years now the discussions have arose about the levee systems in America and how some are not
safe and need to be replaced. This problem has been focused on the levee system in New Orleans.
Many engineers and other people have asked the question whether or not the present levee system in
New Orleans could withstand a huge wave or a direct hit from a powerful hurricane. These
questions were answered when Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans as a Category 3 hurricane which
isn't even the most powerful. After the hurricane hit the levee system failed and there were many
breaches in the system, which lead to the flooding of most of the city. My question is what could
have been done to stop this disaster from happening and what now can be ... Show more content on
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Back in the 1800's there were severe floods in New Orleans that displaced their residents more than
one. The floods occurred in 1816, 1823, and 1849. The levees back then were roughly in the same
places that the levees are during Katrina. During the 1849 flood, many residents' homes were
flooded for up to 40 days (Colten 3). In the same article, Colten also says, that almost 2,000 homes
and 12,000 residents were the ones displaced. "In response to this flood, like others before and after,
officials raised the levee height and thereby encouraged additional urbanization on the floodplain"
(Colten 3). So obviously over the years New Orleans has not learned and the tradegy will just keep
happening. It has happened countless times and still I can't stress it enough of how much New
Orleans hasn't learned by their mistakes. This is not opinion this is fact, it is written fact that the
same problem keeps occurring at the same place, the same way but different time after time. In
1915, another major hurricane hit New Orleans and over two meters of water was stuck in the
"bowl" levees built around the city. "This huge mass of water overwhelmed the NEW city pumps
and contributed to the damage of around 20,000 buildings" (Colten 3). And again in 1947 a major
hurricane hit New Orleans again and flooded fairly new Jefferson Parish, and after the storm the
flood water didn't go back down again it pooled in the "bowl" of

Natural Disasters
Throughout history natural disasters have terrorised mankind. The problem with natural disasters is
humans cannot control them, they can create preventative measures and usually can find where the
disaster is going to happen but that is the extent of human's ability to control them. When creating
preventative measures there is always a budget in mind that keeps everything from being foolproof,
which makes large scale disasters sometimes make those preventive measures not enough to
completely stop them but only helps reduce cleanup time. In certain cases like large quantities of
rain that cause flooding the flood waters are directed towards dams that can hold a certain amount of
water before the dam breaks, at max capacity the dam must be opened in some cases causing more
flooding downstream causing for a longer cleanup time. In Nick Stockton's article "How Will
Huston Handle the Deluge Hurricane Harvey" from August 28, of 2017 in the online version of
Wired, he effectively uses logos to show how the project manager is handling rain control during
this natural disaster while also showing how casualties and property damage were minimized.
Stockton begins his piece with logic that shows how natural disasters can cause major damage.
Stockton explains that Hurricane Harvey, a category four hurricane that went through Houston,
Texas, had winds up to "130 miles per hour." This is relevant due to the fact that these winds can
pick things up and make them fly into buildings or

National Geographic Society, National Geography: West And...
Buttes West and East Mitten Buttes Monument Valley, Utah 36° 59.3857 N 110°04.8213 W An
isolated hill with steep sides and a flat top External forces like weathering and erosion create buttes.
Streams slowly cut through a mesa or plateau Buttes aren't populated and people don't migrate there
because they are isolated and usually in desserts. There's no water or (soil for food). People can't
survive in buttes. Society, National Geographic. "Butte." National Geographic Society. © 1996–
2016 National Geographic Society., 09 Oct. 2012. Web. 19 Sept. 2016. Delta Ganges Delta Ganges,
Bangladesh 21°57.1953 N 89°09.1185 E Deltas are wetlands that form as rivers empty their water
and sediment into another body of water, such as an ocean, lake, ... Show more content on
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In America Many native Indians traveled across and lived on plains. One of their sacred animals the
buffalo lived all across these plains. Buffalos were a huge part of their culture and used in rituals,
sacrifices, folks and more. "Great Plains". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica
Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2016. Web. 19 Sep. 2016 Wetland Atchafalaya River Swamp
Louisiana, USA 30°13.1985 N 91°35.1655 W Wetlands are lands consisting of marshes or swamps.
Wetlands are transition zones between land and aquatic systems where the water table is usually
near or at the surface, or the land is covered by shallow water. Wetlands form when there is poor
drainage or where water builds up over soil. Wetlands are disease–ridden places, so people won't get
sick. They have natural water quality improvement, flood protection, shoreline erosion control. The
wetlands are a source of food because the wetlands ecosystems have all different animals. It's also a
source of income from the fishing industry. AG, Framepool. "Swamp / Atchafalaya River /
Louisiana / USA | HD Stock Video 767–907–402 | Framepool Stock Footage." Framepool Stock
Footage Library. 2001–2016 by Framepool AG, n.d. Web. 19 Sept.

Natural Hazards and the Interaction of Physical and Human...
Natural Hazards and the Interaction of Physical and Human Processes
The earth has been producing hazards for millennia these include earthquakes and volcanoes caused
by the movement of tectonic plates, and also wind and water elated disasters such as tornadoes and
tsunamis, these can be varied by a countries location such as suffering drought due to be land locked
or an island, also the relief on the land can contribute greatly to the hazards it faces.. All of these
cause great destruction and can involves lots of energy, these events do not become disasters unless
there are human factors involved, when people live on a fault line they are risking suffering from an
earthquake, this combination of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some natural hazards can be effected by the actions of humans, the deforestation of forests in
Indonesia is suspected to have contributed to the mudslides their, the resulting loss of life could be
blamed on illegal logging which had occurred. The flood risk of countries is also increased by the
urbanisation of land, the concrete and other impermeable surfaces used mean that water reaches
rivers faster which can cause the river to burst it's banks, this occurred in Berkshire and other urban
areas by the M4 which closely follows the route of the river Thames and its tributaries, this had
flooded many time in recent years and the problem in acerbated by the increased urbanisation of the
land. The Mississippi was straitened to be better for human usage the problem being that the river
returns to its original route when it is flooded or moving excess water, causing widespread damage
and erosion. Also those building on unstable or perilous land can have future problems, many homes
are

The Yima Project Case Study
Yuma and some surroundings agricultural areas are a flooding plain. This makes the soil very fertile
and good for planting many different vegetables and plants. Yuma has virtually 3 days of sunshine
with sparse mounts of rain. The Colorado river is very close to Yuma, at a couple points crossing
through it. This serves as a main source of water for the acres of farming land available. "I stopped
at Yuma on my return from Colorado to examine the conditions under which irrigation has been
practiced on the Algodones Grant with a view to determine whether or not gravity canals are likely
to prove feasible for the general irrigation of that district, as against pumping. The following report
has been prepared to embody my conclusions on the matter. ... Show more content on
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The first water to ever flow through the Yuma Siphon was released on June 29, 1912. The All
American Canal was to serve the Yuma Project, the Palo Verde Irrigation District, the Imperial
Irrigation District, and lands in the Imperial and Coachella valleys. In addition, 16,000 acres of
mesa lands in the Palo Verde Irrigation District are entitled to 3.85 MAF annually with Priority 4
allocating 550,000 acre–feet annually to the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.
This was all decided and agreed on in the California Seven–Party Agreement of 1931. The Yuma
Project did have both positive and negative effects on Yuma, the irrigation system, and the
agricultural community. Luckily, there was a much larger margin of positive ways it affected the
community than negative ways. The Yuma Project had a negative impact on the steamer companies
that used the Colorado river to take shipments upriver to other places. They could not get past dams
that were built not long after business started booming. When the Yuma Project had just started to be
developed, there were a lot of kinks to work out. The canals were extremely shoddy and flooded

East Verde River Case Study
Below the Mogollon Rim near Payson runs the East Verde River, a waterway that is supplemented
with discharge of water collected on The Rim at CC. Cragin Reservoir. According to Clay
Thompson of the Arizona Republic, the area gets its name from the mechanization of the water's
power through a metal water wheel fashioned from milk cans that was used by gold miner James
"Dave" Greer to crush ore and supply a sluice box with water.
The United States Geological Survey pinpoints the waterway's rate of flow at Camp Verde, Arizona,
60 some miles down the canyon. Median flow for June 1 hovers at 82 feet per second, though the
canyon that guides it can become a raging torrent, once funneling 481 cubic feet per second through
its rocky shoals on June 1 of 1992. Fortunately, our visit to the popular recreation area was marked
with a serene 63 cubic feet per second chattering down the river. ... Show more content on
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The river plunges down weathered rock dotted with copses of juniper, sycamore, oak, and
manzanita. Crags soar on each side of the canyon, funneling the river's flow over falls and delta–like
redirections among interspersed jagged and polished rock beds. My daughters alternate between
rushing ahead and falling behind as we hike the two miles to the destination falls and its
accompanying pool of crystal water. The river itself alternates between barely shoe depth trickles,
raging, frothy falls, and deep, crisp, and clear swimming holes that seem to be hollowed out of the
living rock for the express purpose of completely immersing one's

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Terraced Fields
Terraced fields have existed in many ancient human civilizations for thousands of years. They are
ubiquitous; from the Incas to the Chinese, even in Europe, we see terraced fields developed and
used for many purposes. Most terraced fields were constructed for agriculture, but some are
developed to control floods and other purposes.
To this day, we still see some terraced fields around the world, which allows us to admire their
natural beauty. However, while we are admiring the beauty of terraced fields, many seemed to forget
to learn from them in solving our current water problems. Dam constructions have been a
controversial one–size–fits–all solution to many water–related problems, yet when I visited Cheng
Kung University in Tainan, I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They found that the terraced fields in the Loess Plateau region results in higher soil moisture while
maintaining soil fertility. This means that plants are able to absorb more water from the soil during
the second crop. In the dry West China, such natural water conservation is significant in helping
farmers grow their plants throughout the year. Terraced fields also tremendously reduced erosion in
the region. Comparing the erosion modulus of regular sloped land and terraced land in the region,
the erosion modulus of terraced land is about 1.8% that of the regular sloped land. This means that
terraced land preserved and improved the soil in the region for sustainable agriculture. With better
and richer soil, agriculture production yield increased dramatically, which generated a lot of
revenue. Since each step of terraced fields are shallower than dams, they could also become the
habitat of many birds. According to the definition of wetlands from RAMSAR, any body of water,
static or flowing, with water depth of less than six meters could be considered as wetlands. If we
follow this definition, then technically terraced fields could be considered as a collection of
wetlands. Although this definition would open the door to many legal issues dealing with wetlands,
which are beyond the scope of this paper, it would give reasons to wetland conservationists to
support building terraced

Flood Insurance Prevention
Many homeowners feel that their house and property will always be protected as long as the annual
insurance premiums are paid on time and standard coverage is in place. However, there is a big
misconception when it comes to repairs and replacement costs for a dwelling that has suffered water
damage due to flooding. Homeowners with properties located within a floodplain typically must
purchase additional flood insurance in order to be protected from a severe loss that could leave a
household in financial ruin and without a place to live.
According to the Insurance Information Institute, "It's important to note that, as a rule, homeowners
and renters insurance does not cover damage from flooding. To protect your home, be sure to
understand the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Insurance through the NFIP can only be purchased if a person's home is located within a designate
area that is at risk for potential flooding. If a property owner is unsure about their dwelling's
eligibility with the NFIP, he or she should contact the president of the local homeowner's association
or check with an insurance agency in the area. These individuals will be able to provide a map of the
local flood plains and make area residents aware of the need to purchase flood insurance.
"If you are a renter or homeowner (residential policy); or business owner (non–residential policy)
and your property is located in a NFIP–participating community, you can purchase a policy,"
explained FEMA. "There is typically a 30 day wait period between when you buy a flood insurance
policy and when it goes into effect, but there are some exceptions."
During the home buying process, realtors should alert all prospective buyers if a house they are
selling is in a flood zone and therefore requires the purchase of flood insurance. This is also
something a home inspector should make note of in the report for prospective buyers. Typically
bank lenders will not sign off on a mortgage unless flood insurance is purchased and in place at the
time of closing, so it is beneficial to be aware of FEMA's 30 day wait

Tellico Dam Controversy
It's All About Giving a Dam
"The dam and reservoir required the purchase of about 22,000 acres of land" 1–1 . This is the
number that lies at the heart of a wound and a controversy that is deeply rooted in Eastern
Tennessee. While the number is large and significant, it is not the amount of land that was lost to the
Tellico Dam project that caused the people of that area such grief. Rather, it was the meaning of the
land that once intertwined irreplaceable history, livelihoods, sport and the like of a community for
centuries. At a time in the nation's history where just the pitch for job growth and
intercommunication between urban and countryside peaked the interest of hurting rural
communities, TVA was met with harsh opposition from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, due to the demand for soldiers for World War II the wheels of the operation did not
officially begin until almost 30 years later (1). Approval for the Tellico project came in the early
1960s when the TVA had the unified support of congressional delegates from Tennessee, as well as
all other southeastern states that would be directly affected by the damming of the Little Tennessee
River. On April 15, 1963, after the endorsement for the project was approved, congressional funding
was sought after in order to move forward with foundational structure. Finally, after a few minor
complications in procedure, the Public Works Appropriation Act included $3.2 million to begin the
construction of the tellico Dam in March of 1967. (21) Originally, the support for the dam on the
governmental side was lacking, due to the notion that the benefit to cost ratio hovered around .6 to
1. The rationale for such dismal projections was due to the fact that Tellico Dam could not stand
alone as a power generation project. This forced the TVA to adjust how they pitched the idea to
receive enough funding to ensure that the idea received enough support.(16) Rather than focusing
on a energy efficiency and infrastructural growth as a platform, the Authority presented to plan as
social benefit the otherwise rural and quiet society. The

The Construction Of A Dam And Its Impact On The Social,...
These articles discuss the construction of a dam's project in Mapuche territories and its impact on
the social, political and economic life of the indigenous community. The Mapuche people of
Southern Chile have a long history and they were able to defend their independence despite many
raids by giving many sacrifices. But a final defeat their on the hands of Chilean army forced them to
be at the mercy of Chile's government and then began a long and different fight for survival. They
were forcefully relocated to reserves, where the lands were unfit and insufficient to sustain life.
Chilean commercial expansion resulted in the exploitation of natural resources of Mapuche
communities. Specially the activities like forestry, hydroelectric ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Mapuche community has knocked the door of many authorities to let their grievances be
addressed, and justice be provided. They have made many protests but all fell on the deaf ears of
concerned authorities. Their appeal and protest is based on retaining ancestral lands, concerns over
environmental and social impacts, and the secrecy of all process. Despite all protests of local
communities, ENDESA and IFC were initially reluctant to consider the demands of the Mapuche
people. Even the audit reports of DR Downing, an anthropologist hired by IFC, about the social and
environmental impacts and weakness of the project were not fully publicized as it found substantial
evidence that the Pehuen foundation has failed to compensate all affected people adequately.
Lately, because of the international pressure and fear of losing credibility IFC server notice to
ENDESA that failure to meet the environmental conditions of loan would result in declaration of a
default. ENDESA made a smarter move and repaid IFC amount by securing funds from a German
private development bank. Side by side, Mr Downing filed three back to back human rights
violations complaints on the grounds of intentional and willful violation of human and civil rights of
the community. Other inquires were also conducted by Worlds Bank inspection panel, AAA
Committee for human rights (CfHR). Both concluded that IFC refusal to release

Reservoir and Sedimentation Assessment
Introduction
The 1960's were considered the "golden age for dam construction" and contributed to thousands of
dams being built across the United States. Dams are regualarly built to support recreational
activities as well as hydroelectric power and water supply purposes but people recently have
realized many of the negative impacts affiliated with them. Many are now 50 years old and due for
relicensing which involves many tradeoffs for dam owners and public stakeholders to consider.
Urbanization below such structures has brought up safety concerns from land owners and
recognition of ecosystem degradation has flooded recent news and reports. Dam decommissioning
is becoming more of a viable option for aging dams that are abandoned and have lost their
economical use. Over 500 dams have been removed from US riverine systems since 2000 and 51
alone in 2013 (American Rivers, 2013).
Each dam considered for removal requires a cost–benefit analysis to determine the best possible
objectives and plan for removal. Many social, ecological, and economical factors become part of the
overall proposal. The fragmented rivers divide many biotic communities and restrict migration for
different species and organisms. Many ecosystems suffer from poor water quality and sedimentation
loss downstream from dams. The removal of these structures restores historic flow regimes and free
flowing water that once existed in their natural and aesthetically pleasing states. This paper will look
at

Mulholland Villain Or Visionary Analysis
William Mullholland designed and supervised the construction of the Los Angeles
aqueduct, a 200–mile system to transfer water from Owens Valley to the San Fernando Valley. In
March 1928, the St. Francis Dam failed and Mulholland's career was in shambles. In the article
Villain or Visionary, written by Eve Bachrach, Mullholland's career and achievements are put in
question. Opinions of Mulholland diverge once the dam fails. Bachrach's article asks the
question, "Was he motivated by greed, played by the rich men who hoped to be made richer by a
secure water source in San Fernando Valley, or was he merely a zealous public servant serving
the greater good?" (9).
Mulholland was born in Belfast, Ireland on September 11, 1855. He first arrived in Los
Angeles in 1877. Mulholland ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I loved it so much" (9).
Ironically, his granddaughter Catherine Mullholland believed that this was not true. Catherine
says that he got a job digging wells and taught himself engineering on the job. Even though we
don't really know if his love for Los Angeles came at first, Mullholland was the city's strongest
supporter. In Caroline Mullholland's telling, she explains that "Mullholland's belief that Los
Angeles would never reach is potential without water from Owens Valley drove his support of
the project" (9). Even though many people from Owens Valley opposed the project, Mullholland
"maintained that Owens Valley land owners were fairly compensated for their land" (9).

Many people still opposed the Los Angeles aqueduct, commenting and criticizing it. The
Los Angeles newspapers "called it unnecessary and colossal waste of money" (9). Many rumor
started to spread about Mullholland and his aqueduct. Some of these rumors include,
"Mullholland and his backers lied about the immediate need for water, secretly dumped water to
create an artificial draught, and passed an unnecessary ordinance prohibiting people

Literature Review : The Small Hydropower ( Shp )
CHAPTER 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 SMALL HYDROPOWER (SHP) AAAAAAA 1. Powers
et al (1985) did an assessment study on the fishway development and design. Method of water
control and the degree and type of water control were formed the basis to classify fish passes.
Swimming speed of the fishes was related to their lengths for designing the fish passes. Energy
required by the fishes upstream was determined for three scenarios: (i) passing through the pools in
fishways (ii) ascending a sloping channel like waterfall or spillway (iii) jumping over a weir or
waterfall. [23] 2. Kamula et al (2000) studied the effects of modifications on the hydraulics of Denil
fishways. The location of the highest velocities in the cross section of Denil fish passes was
determined to be on the sides and not in the center. Since there is a non– uniform flow in the fish
passes hence the velocities are not symmetrically distributed along the mid–axis. The plots for
dimensionless discharge for the studied designs and for the standard Denil pass were found to be
almost parallel to each other. The topmost portion of the Denil fishpass is subjected to higher
velocities so must be designed accordingly. [24] 3. Boubée et al (2003) studied the downstream
migration and passage technologies for diadromous fishes in the United States and New Zealand.
Intake screens in the form of rotating drums have been the most

Examples of Business Law and Ethics in the Buffalo Creek...
Logan County, West Virginia is home to a small area called the Buffalo Creek Hallow. Numerous
towns sprang up over years in this coal rich creek since the boom of the mining industry. The year
1970 saw the most prosperous year for coal, the increased demand attracted new mining companies
to set up shop at Buffalo Creek however a flood during a cold winter morning in 1972 changed the
lives of the residents forever.
The coal mining history of Buffalo Creek can be traced back all the way to 1940s. At that time,
Lorado Coal Mining Company opened Mine No.5 at the almost the top of the Buffalo hallow. The
dumping of sludge from this mine was happening at the mouth of the middle fork. It functioned just
like a dam and was viewed like one ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Just after Dam No. 3 started to show symptoms of collapsing, the Pittson Company sent a bulldozer
to dig a drainage pitch in an attempt to alleviate some pressure.
At 7:45 AM, as the men were doing repair work, water started to flow down the valley. Multiple
lives could potentially have been saved if residents of the Buffalo Hallow were informed of the
potential disaster and magnitude of its occurrence. The Pittston Coal Company ignored warnings
from all major government departments like the mining bureau, the National Guard, the State
Police, and even the local sheriff's office. At 7:59 AM, the dam officially collapsed and lead to
major blasts as boiling yellow suffer coal deposits came in contact with rushing water from the
stream. At 8:01 AM, a huge outburst of 130 million gallons of water stream swept away the whole
Buffalo Creek and drifted along all the coal manufacturing waste with it. This tragedy claimed 123
lives, injured 1000 and also left 4000 people homeless. Alongside these statistics, the disaster left
countless scars on the survivors and the citizens of West Virginia. In an attempt to absolve The
Pittson Coal Company from any legal responsibility, company officials insisted the flood was "an
act of God". They argued that there absolutely nothing with the dam expect that it

Elora Gorge Research Paper
This photograph was taken on a field trip to Elora Gorge. Elora Gorge is an important landscape in
Ontario and is also a prime example of significant change to a landscape by physical processes.
Largely, it is the result of erosion by water at the end of the last glacial period. The most recent
glacier over North America, the Laurentide Ice Sheet, resided almost all over Canada. Eventually,
the sheet melted, allowing water possessing a strong stream discharge to be released in numerous
directions. One of these melt–out pathways formed the Elora Gorge. Similar to how other gorges are
created, it was the energy of the river water rushing from the melting glacier that was able to cut
into the surface of the bedrock. Streams carved through

Hurricane Katrina Flood Risk Analysis
Article #1: Flood Risk Management in the United States and the Impact of Hurricane Katrina.
Article #1 Major points: The major points that the article focused on were that since people have
first stepped foot on this continent, flooding has always been present. This constant presence has
required the federal and local governments to help assist with the flood control, management, and
the damages that flooding causes. There have been many policies established to help with floodplain
management, but since the terrorist attack on September 11th, the risk analysis approach has taken
precedent over the other policies (Galloway 302). Different disasters in our history have encouraged
a variety of action from the government and other organizations. For instance, failing dams
prompted a national dam safety program and analyzed the risks of those living below dams (301).
Also, after Hurricane Katrina, levee maintenance importance was increased; as there were major
levee malfunctions that heightened the destruction. The integrity of these infrastructures (dams,
bridges, levees) that protect the population should be maintained and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, flood insurance was established in areas that are located within the floodplain (302), as
well as the relocation and removal of buildings in areas at risk of continual flooding. Furthermore,
after Hurricane Katrina, levee maintenance importance was increased. Hurricane Katrina also
instilled the importance of proper preparation before the disaster strikes. The government has
actively helped with the continual flood management in America; sharing the cost with local, state,
and federal governments (302). There are many factors and policies in the preparation and
management for flooding, but since the attacks on September 11th, the risk analysis approach has
taken precedence

Irrigation In Yumma Essay
Irrigation Throughout Yuma County
Yuma has came a very long way with irrigation. With Yuma being so dry and having sand it was
easy to plant soil and make canals and dams. There has been major challenges, and many successful
achievements for irrigation, with flooding, sediment removings, and building the canals.
Some challenges that Yuma County had with the Irrigation System was flooding, the use of water
for crops on farmland, the supply of water for irrigation, and the transfer of water from the canals.
Millions of years the Quechan Indians would depend on the flooding river to fertilize and irrigate
the farmlands crops Companies had formed irrigate lands in the Yuma Valley, but they were not
successful at all with this plan they thought would work.
It was challenging to get the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The technology had got better because they started using sprinklers and the drip irrigation. The
sprinklers were positive because they had a limit on how much water to use to water the crops
which was something they needed a limit on because water was valuable. They had created multi–
crop production system which were different type of crops that did not use so much water which
helped save money for the yuma project.
Some negative effects the Yuma project had were water issues with the Colorado River, the canal
getting clogged from trash, farm workers that were not as skilled as the others, the population was
growing so they could not use as much land because they had to build residential areas like house
for the people, and flooding. A major flood happened in 1916 which lasted only a few months it was
6 to 8 feet deep and it was in the lower part of the downtown Yuma part. This had affected the
canals, all of yuma because they could not drive anywhere or build things, or even grow anything
because of the

Two Layer Floodgate Lab Report
Two–Layer Floodgate Can an increase of layers on a floodgate improve the performance of the
floodgate? If a second layer of popsicle sticks is added to a model floodgate made out of popsicle
sticks, then the two–layer floodgate will be able to block more water. The control variables for this
experiment include where both tests were conducted (bathtub), the materials used for each floodgate
(same brand of popsicle sticks), the 20x6.x8.5 floral foam blocks on each side of the bathtub, the
location in the bathtub that the floodgates were placed in; all of these variables were the same for
each experiment. The independent variable was how many liters of water in the bathtub at one time.
The dependent variable was the amount of water the floodgate held back (measured in how high the
water level was on the south end of the bathtub). The floodgate with one layer was the control
group; the two–layered one was the experimental group. The first procedure for this experiment was
to gather your materials. Next was to build the floodgates and set up the bathtub. To conduct the
experiment, pour 2 liters of water into the bathtub from the south end at a time, and log the results.
The first design of this experiment involved no clay or floral foam blocks, instead the floodgate was
positioned between two towels. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The design of the floodgates couldn't help but be flawed. No popsicle sticks will be created
completely the same. Therefore, when hot gluing them together, they won't match up perfectly, and
this will create small gaps that water can creep through. Also, the popsicle sticks may have shifted
before the glue was dry. The clay may have also let water through it. The clay was not allowed to
dry and stick to the bathtub before the experiment, and that was probably the problem. Water may
have evaporated or been absorbed by the floral foam or clay. All of these variables could have
caused the results received from this

James Bay Project Pros And Cons
April 30, 1971, Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa proposed plans to create the idea of Hydro–
Quebec. This would be a state–run electric company, taking a hydro–electric strategy that would
dam many Northern Quebec rivers and in turn open the opportunity for thousands of jobs. It would
also open the opportunity for Quebec to get a new trade base for Quebec to surplus power for export
and would attract investment in exposed industries. In 1973, the James Bay Project was initiated,
which indicated the damming of many rivers and flooding the surrounding areas. Since then, it
became progressively under the review of the community, internationally. The basic argument about
the moral issue is not moral for the reason that an admired and important ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
If they flood the river to make unnatural lakes, it damage the delicate wildlife. The water contains
mercury poison so it affects the aquatic animals and those consuming the aquatic animals. If anyone
eats it, it can cause health issues to them. Although, according to my research "Northeastern Canada
has, per unit of surface area, more flowing water than almost anywhere else on the globe." Due to
the numerous rivers that flow into the James Bay and Hudson Bay, this can potentially increase
economic growth. Since 1963, the plans of this project were started. The mission was to reconstruct
the natural waterways into the dams and reservoirs to produce electric power for Canada and New
England. When Europeans were first established to Northern America, the Cree and the Inuit were
compelled to relocate further North every time a marketable resource discovery was detected. In
1975, the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement between Hydro–Quebec and the Indians was
reasoned to solve the issue between the two concerns. Nonetheless, the Cree and the Inuit believe
the agreement was violated. They did not execute the environmental effects assessment. On the
other side, Hydro–Quebec says otherwise. They believe that it was implied in the contract that the
business could finsish what it had

Maintaining Floodgates For Water Conservation At Dams
MAINTAINING FLOODGATES FOR WATER CONSERVATION AT DAMS
ARUNA G.NARESH
M.Tech Student,EEE, Asst.Prof,EEE,
Aarushi Engineering college, Aarushi Engineering college,
Warangal, Telangana, India. Warangal, Telangana, India.
Mail.id:arunakoripelli128@gmail.com Mail.id: nareshsce@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Once the level within the dam surpasses certain level, the dam is at risk of collapsing. To avert this,
we ought to constantly monitor dam level to ensure that dam structure doesn 't cave in underneath
the pressure from the water. A dam is really a barrier that impounds water or subterranean streams.
The primary water quality related parameters that should be supervised are Temperature, Turbidity
and ph. This paper describes the theoretical aspects associated with the work we 're doing and also
the particulars concerning the illustration showing the automation of dam gates. Dams generally
serve the main reason for retaining water, while other structures for example floodgates or levees
(also referred to as dikes) are utilized to manage or prevent water flow and drainage into specific
land regions. You can do this by manipulating the ton gates when the level surpasses certain limits.

Personal Narrative: A Day In Helena Montana
It was a warm summer day in Helena Montana. The sky was overcast and even though the sun was
barely visible, it was still warm. You could smell the smell of freshly mowed lawns in the crisp air.
But the thing that happened next was a terrible thing that happened in the blink of an eye. The
ground shook and people started to panic. The thing that happened was bound to happen and it
hadn't happened 70,000 years. The Yellowstone national park supervolcano erupted and everyone
near Yellowstone died instantly. Even though Helena was not destroyed by the eruption it was
definitely affected. When the eruption hit a family with the last name of Robinson was on a tour of
the walking mall. The Robinson family consisted of two boys a mother and a father. ... Show more
'Oh my god!" cried ruby. " It will be alright" reassured josh. As they sped down the highway, they
noticed how everyone else was also evacuated. And then the cars in front of them slowed down and
eventually stopped. The Robinsons could not see why the cars stopped and so josh got out of the car
and looked and then ran back to his car. "What is is?" asked ruby. "A giant car pile–up I don't think I
wanna try to get through it so we have to turn around." rambled Josh. "Josh we have to help the
people in the car crash!" panicked ruby. "Listen ruby I need to get you guys to safety if it's the last
thing I do I need to make sure you're safe." snapped Josh. Even though you could tell that ruby
disagree she did not argue. So they turned around and moved on. As they left Montana and entered
Canada it was nearly 12:00 o'clock and everyone was asleep but Josh. The Canadians were
welcoming all Americans who were affected by the eruption. And the Robinson family and many
others were finally safe, but their homes were destroyed. And their lives would never be the same
because they would always remember when Montana was

Global Climate Change And Creating A Sustainable Energy...
Energy efficiency is a key step in reducing our impact on global climate change and creating a
sustainable energy future. Electricity production is the number one source of greenhouse gases and
the leading cause of industrial air pollution in the United States. Most of our electricity comes from
coal, nuclear, and other non–renewable power plants. Producing energy from these types of sources
takes a severe toll on the environment by polluting the air, land, and water supply. In order to stop
polluting the atmosphere and the environment around us, we must take action and implement the
use of renewable resources into our electricity grid and overall economy. Renewable energy can be
used to produce electricity with less environmental impacts ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Power plants that use coal leak toxic metals into local groundwater and produce a lot of additional
waste. Gasoline that is burned in combustion engines emits large amounts of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere thus contributing to climate change. Natural Gas is mostly made up of methane, which
is a lot more effective at trapping heat than carbon dioxide, making it more problematic as a
greenhouse gas (What Are Non, 2013). There are also the impacts of nonrenewable resources in
terms of health risks for individuals living across the globe. Uranium, which is used in nuclear
power plants, can cause numerous health issues. Including, major birth defects and abnormal heart,
liver and kidney functions with overexposure (What Are Non, 2013). Also, coal miners that inhale
dust can contract black lung disease, which kills around 4,000 miners per year in the United States.
Finally, there is the issue of supply and demand as they are nonrenewable resources; once they are
gone there is no way to create new ones. Thus, they are more and more expensive as they are used.
Due to this and the price increase, the technologies that we use to make our lives easier will become
useless if the fuel that is used to power them ceases to exist. If alternatives are not pursued and
perfected, a shortage would result in chaos.
However, in order to achieve the switch from nonrenewable resources to renewable resources, it is
important to understand what it is. Renewable energy is energy

Essay On Decision Making
Caused by a controlled release of water, a boat rescue of one family in the neighborhood close to the
Barker reservoir found a distraught mother who made this statement: "They have to do what they
had to do." Accordingly, managers use six steps to decision–making to affect organizational
performance. Fundamentally, these six steps are especially critical as these decisions will affect
human lives. In Texas, August 2017, hurricane Harvey became a life–threatening, catastrophic event
as it dropped more than 30 inches of rain, as well as, forceful winds on the city of Houston and
surrounding coastal towns, within three days. So, this rare event presented a challenge for the Army
Corps of Engineers as the flooding caused structural ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
C. Do nothing and hope the dams do not break. However, this alternative will have devastating
effects on millions of Texans who are not already living within flood ravaged areas.
4. Among all the alternatives, I chose option B; a controlled release of water from the Barker and
Addicks dams to prevent flooding in the city of Houston and surrounding areas.
5. Implementing this plan requires that all people evacuate the areas affected by the release of water
from the levees, then, direct the controlled release towards those areas that are already flooded.
6. Establish a procedure for feedback from within and outside of the organization, including;
management, employees, local and federal officials, and residents. This procedure will include the
following important steps:
"Compare what actually happened to what was expected to happen as a result of the decision.
Explore why any expectations for the decision were not met.
Derive guidelines that will help in future decision making." (George & Jones, 2017, p. 174)
In the end, this decision–making process is one that places loss of life at the forefront of the most
important factors to consider. Ultimately, rather than risk a devastating dam break in the middle of
hurricane Harvey, the best alternative is to make a controlled release of water. Thus, after generating
possible alternatives, as well as, assessing each one for legal, ethical, economical, and practical
feasibility, I came

Reflection Of The Rainbow Bridge
This documentary is about a group of engineering experts who attempted to recreate the famous
Rainbow Bridge depicted in the Quingming Scroll, created in the time of the Song Dynasty. A
multinational team, compromised of Professor Tang, multiple engineering experts and native
Chinese workers come together to decipher how the Rainbow Bridge was actually made, because
the bridge itself and any blueprints for it have long since been lost to time. The entirety of the
documentary focuses on completing this one architectural project, but there were many steps needed
to get the perfect result. First, they had to decide how to go about creating the skeleton of the bridge.
A question that's reiterated throughout the documentary is whether the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
"From a historical point of view, it's quite clear the Song [Dynasty] had the most advanced steel and
iron technology in the world, so it certainly would have been possible for them to have iron nails"
(21:42–21:55). And in following the details in the Quingming Scroll, the team decided to lash the
timber beams together with bamboo. Once they managed to get bamboo long enough to work for
lashing, the skeleton, the most difficult part of construction, was essentially complete. While they
didn't actually need to travel to collect any of the items, a few members did travel to the Yellow
Mountains about 200 miles from the location in China where they were building the bridge, in order
to properly learn how to make the bamboo rope necessary for the lashing. The experts used in the
documentary were interesting and vital to making the documentary work. If Professor Tang hadn't
had a passion for history and engineering, then the whole project would have never happened. It was
also refreshing to see the specialists argue and discuss the best strategies for building the bridges.
Normally, we don't get to see this kind of interaction in professional documentaries. Everyone was
there for a purpose and had a role to serve. Though reconstruction was the basis of the entire
documentary, all the team had to go off of was a detailed and realistic piece of art found in the
Quingming Scroll and historical knowledge of the Song Dynasty. While they attempted to be fairly
accurate in

Questions On The Flood Management At Horrabridge And The...
1 Discussion on the flood management at Horrabridge and the Goals of protection?
1.1 Horrabridge
Horrabridge village is located 19km northwards of Plymouth city.River Walkham joins the village
which bears pack–horse Bridge to provide the only route to the town. 1 in 20 year standard defines
430m of flood defence on the bank of the river comprising raised masonry walls banks and a weir.
Within the River flood plain development led the situation to a risk of flooding within the
settlement. Chichester Court is being impacted by the flooding issues because of the hindrance in
surface water caused by sewer resulting into supercharging in the system.(Council, December 2014)
1.2 Risk
Potential risk of flood from the river can be seen in the figure below for 1% or more annual
probability floods. Maximum risk of property is at Plymouth and its surrounding areas where
Horrabridge is also included. 1,510 approx. properties are in danger. There is risk of surface water
flooding which due to environmental factors increasing day by day. (Cresswell, June 2012) 1.3
Goals to be perceived
Policy 4
This policy is applied where areas where a high risk is applicable to many people due to
environmental changes or social implementations to put in sustainability phase watching technical
viability and economic justification.
The policy applies to reduce to zero the minimum potential social and economic impacts whereas
evading potentially substantial environmental effects. Floodplain connectivity

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