Taller sobre el sistema político de España, impartido por Susana Rodríguez Ávila, profesora de CCSS y directora del IES Mercedes Labrador.
Proyecto I CHANGE Erasmus+
España 2017
2. During much of the 20th. century Spain was
politically unstable.
Three assassinated prime ministers in the space
of 24 years (1897, 1912, 1921), not to mention
numerous bombings, attempts on the life of the
king, labour strikes, uprisings, rumbling
separatism and military repression are
uncomfortable reminders of the volatile nature
of Spanish life in the first quarter of the 20th
century.
3. Unfortunately, things did not get better after this: a
discredited monarchy was subsumed, from 1923 to 1931,
into a strange hybrid of monarchy and dictatorship.This was
followed, from 1931 to 1936, by a Second Republic, it meant
a kind effort to modernize the country and level it with
other European states.This was broke for a coup d´état,
then a bloody Civil War (1936-39), and finally a long
dictatorship (1939-75) under General Francisco Franco.
4. Following Franco’s victory in 1939, Spain was for a
while an international pariah. It was refused entry
into the newly formed United Nations, France closed
its border, and members of the UN removed their
ambassadors.
But attitudes changed dramatically in the 1950s with
Soviet expansionism and the threat of communism
around the world. Suddenly Franco’s repressive
regime and fascist connections were conveniently
forgotten in favour of his staunch anti communism,
particularly for the U.S.A.
5. After Franco’s death in November 1975, a new
Constitution was approved, the monarchy restored
and political and social transition achieved despite
earlier fears that the country would sink into
violence. The peaceful transition from a highly
centralised, dictatorial regime to a pluralistic, liberal
democracy
6. Modern Spain is made up of 17 autonomous regions.
Spain, as a nation, has always been a tough sell, and the
battle between centralization and regionalism has been
a constant in recent Spanish history.
7. Since the first elections after the Franco era, Spain
has seen two problems in the political area:
1.- The nationalism problem.
In a country with a diversity of regions, some of them
think that they must be independent. Basque
nationalists (with a terrorist group: ETA, now almost
gone), and Catalonia think that they must separate
from Spain.
This problem can be characterized like extremism, so
they don´t look for a political solution.
8. 2.The presence of “The Two Spains” alluding the two
bands in the Civil War.
There are problems in the war and transition
interpretation that one and the other do.The wounds
have not totally healed because the dictatorship has
been never officially condemned.
This problem can not be characterized like extremism.
Both postures have their democratic political parties
with legal representation in the Parliament.
