Automatic segmentation of spinal canals in ct images via iterative topology refinement
•Download as DOCX, PDF•
0 likes•153 views
I3E Technologies, #23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex, Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001. IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE, NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE, APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE, MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
A framework for automated spine and vertebrae interpolation based detection a...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex, Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
VISCERAL challenge ISBI 2014 presentation
Multi-atlas based segmentation is an approach that requires little or no interaction from the user. It has been evaluated with high accuracy and consistent reproducibility in different anatomical structures. In this method, multiple atlases identify the location of one or more structures in the patient volume. The label volumes of the atlases are transformed taking the coordinate transformation obtained from image registration of each atlas to the target volume. A stochastic gradient descent optimisation is performed for the desired metric during the process. Since multiple structures are segmentation targets in the VISCERAL benchmark, a hierarchical selection of the registrations improves the segmentations of all the structures. A global affine registration is followed by individual affine registrations using a local binary mask to enforce the spatial correlation of each anatomical structure separately. These masks are obtained from the morphological dilation of the output labels of the different atlases registered in the previous step. The method is repeated for the non-rigid registration. The registrations of the bigger structures are used as a starting point for the closely related smaller structures, which are harder to segment. Most of the registrations of the initial
bigger structures (liver, lungs, urinary bladder) will be reused in the method which makes it faster than segmenting each structure individually from the start. Also the creation of regions-of-interest with the local masks speeds up the image registrations and improves the output estimations. The labels from the different atlases are fused using a per-voxel majority voting threshold in a single label volume that provides a final estimate location of the structures in the target volume. The images are downsampled in all but the final step to increase even more the speed of the algorithm. The method was tested with contrast-enhanced computed tomography images and 10 different anatomical structures: liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, urinary bladder, trachea, lumbar vertebra and gallbladder. It can be then applied to any modality and any anatomical structure using a relatively small training set.
Parametric Human spine.
This interim report summarizes a project to develop a parametric model of the human spine to model scoliosis. The objectives are to create parametric models of individual vertebrae based on existing anatomical data and modeling techniques, and assemble them into a full parametric spine model that can be adjusted for scoliosis. So far, the student has conducted a literature review on relevant anatomy, modeling approaches, and existing data, and begun parameterizing vertebrae based on key dimensions and relationships between regions. Next steps include completing vertebrae models, assembling the full spine, adding an angular adjustment method, validating the model, and finishing the report.
Medical image computing - BMVA summer school 2014
This document provides an overview of medical image registration and segmentation techniques. It summarizes image registration as transforming one image to align with another by optimizing a similarity measure. It describes registration of different images of the same subject (intra-subject), different subjects (inter-subject), and images over time (serial registration). It also summarizes segmentation techniques including EM-based, graph-cut, atlas-based, and patch-based segmentation.
Presentation on deformable model for medical image segmentation
Introduction to Image Processing
Steps of Image Processing
Types of Image Processing
Introduction to Image Segmentation
Introduction to Medical Image Segmentation
Application of Image Segmentation
Example of Image Segmentation
Need for Deformable Model
What is Deformable Model??
Types of Deformable Model
Congenital anomalies and Normal skeletal variants- Cervical spine
The document discusses several congenital anomalies and normal variants of the cervical spine, including:
- Platybasia, which is flattening of the skull base angle. It can occur alone or with skeletal dysplasias. Most cases are asymptomatic.
- Basilar invagination, where the upper cervical vertebrae are positioned too far superiorly in relation to the skull base. It can be primary/congenital or secondary due to bone disease. Symptoms typically begin in the third to fourth decade of life.
- Occipitalization of the atlas, the most common craniocervical junction anomaly, is failure of segmentation of the atlas from the occiput.
Fuzzy c-means clustering for image segmentation
1. The document discusses fuzzy c-means clustering, an image segmentation technique that allows pixels to belong to multiple clusters, unlike k-means clustering.
2. The fuzzy c-means algorithm initializes membership values and centroid values, then iteratively updates these values until convergence.
3. Experimental results on sample images show the output segmentation for varying numbers of clusters, demonstrating both capabilities and limitations of fuzzy c-means clustering.
Orthopedics 5th year, 3rd lecture (Dr. Hamid)
This document summarizes the anatomy of the thoracic and lumbar spine. It describes the typical structures of the 5 lumbar vertebrae and discs, as well as the lordosis and exiting nerve roots. It also outlines the anatomy of a typical lumbar vertebra, including the body, vertebral foramen, intervertebral foramen, and ligaments. Additionally, it discusses the spinal cord, nerve roots, conus medullaris, and cauda equina as they relate to the lumbar spine.
Recommended
A framework for automated spine and vertebrae interpolation based detection a...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex, Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
VISCERAL challenge ISBI 2014 presentation
Multi-atlas based segmentation is an approach that requires little or no interaction from the user. It has been evaluated with high accuracy and consistent reproducibility in different anatomical structures. In this method, multiple atlases identify the location of one or more structures in the patient volume. The label volumes of the atlases are transformed taking the coordinate transformation obtained from image registration of each atlas to the target volume. A stochastic gradient descent optimisation is performed for the desired metric during the process. Since multiple structures are segmentation targets in the VISCERAL benchmark, a hierarchical selection of the registrations improves the segmentations of all the structures. A global affine registration is followed by individual affine registrations using a local binary mask to enforce the spatial correlation of each anatomical structure separately. These masks are obtained from the morphological dilation of the output labels of the different atlases registered in the previous step. The method is repeated for the non-rigid registration. The registrations of the bigger structures are used as a starting point for the closely related smaller structures, which are harder to segment. Most of the registrations of the initial
bigger structures (liver, lungs, urinary bladder) will be reused in the method which makes it faster than segmenting each structure individually from the start. Also the creation of regions-of-interest with the local masks speeds up the image registrations and improves the output estimations. The labels from the different atlases are fused using a per-voxel majority voting threshold in a single label volume that provides a final estimate location of the structures in the target volume. The images are downsampled in all but the final step to increase even more the speed of the algorithm. The method was tested with contrast-enhanced computed tomography images and 10 different anatomical structures: liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, urinary bladder, trachea, lumbar vertebra and gallbladder. It can be then applied to any modality and any anatomical structure using a relatively small training set.
Parametric Human spine.
This interim report summarizes a project to develop a parametric model of the human spine to model scoliosis. The objectives are to create parametric models of individual vertebrae based on existing anatomical data and modeling techniques, and assemble them into a full parametric spine model that can be adjusted for scoliosis. So far, the student has conducted a literature review on relevant anatomy, modeling approaches, and existing data, and begun parameterizing vertebrae based on key dimensions and relationships between regions. Next steps include completing vertebrae models, assembling the full spine, adding an angular adjustment method, validating the model, and finishing the report.
Medical image computing - BMVA summer school 2014
This document provides an overview of medical image registration and segmentation techniques. It summarizes image registration as transforming one image to align with another by optimizing a similarity measure. It describes registration of different images of the same subject (intra-subject), different subjects (inter-subject), and images over time (serial registration). It also summarizes segmentation techniques including EM-based, graph-cut, atlas-based, and patch-based segmentation.
Presentation on deformable model for medical image segmentation
Introduction to Image Processing
Steps of Image Processing
Types of Image Processing
Introduction to Image Segmentation
Introduction to Medical Image Segmentation
Application of Image Segmentation
Example of Image Segmentation
Need for Deformable Model
What is Deformable Model??
Types of Deformable Model
Congenital anomalies and Normal skeletal variants- Cervical spine
The document discusses several congenital anomalies and normal variants of the cervical spine, including:
- Platybasia, which is flattening of the skull base angle. It can occur alone or with skeletal dysplasias. Most cases are asymptomatic.
- Basilar invagination, where the upper cervical vertebrae are positioned too far superiorly in relation to the skull base. It can be primary/congenital or secondary due to bone disease. Symptoms typically begin in the third to fourth decade of life.
- Occipitalization of the atlas, the most common craniocervical junction anomaly, is failure of segmentation of the atlas from the occiput.
Fuzzy c-means clustering for image segmentation
1. The document discusses fuzzy c-means clustering, an image segmentation technique that allows pixels to belong to multiple clusters, unlike k-means clustering.
2. The fuzzy c-means algorithm initializes membership values and centroid values, then iteratively updates these values until convergence.
3. Experimental results on sample images show the output segmentation for varying numbers of clusters, demonstrating both capabilities and limitations of fuzzy c-means clustering.
Orthopedics 5th year, 3rd lecture (Dr. Hamid)
This document summarizes the anatomy of the thoracic and lumbar spine. It describes the typical structures of the 5 lumbar vertebrae and discs, as well as the lordosis and exiting nerve roots. It also outlines the anatomy of a typical lumbar vertebra, including the body, vertebral foramen, intervertebral foramen, and ligaments. Additionally, it discusses the spinal cord, nerve roots, conus medullaris, and cauda equina as they relate to the lumbar spine.
Scoliosis
This document provides an overview of scoliosis, including:
- Definitions and classifications of scoliosis types like idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, etc.
- Descriptions of curve patterns, measurements, and radiographic assessments.
- Clinical features and evaluations like trunk examination, scoliometer use, and Adams forward bend test.
- Etiology, progression risks, and long-term effects of different scoliosis types.
- Common curve classifications including King's type and Cobb angle measurement method.
It serves as a reference for the clinical presentation, evaluation, and management considerations for different scoliosis conditions.
Spine mri bir 2 copy
MR Imaging of the Spine. How I do it, Common Pitfalls in Image Interpretation, How many sequences per body part. Formula for planning sequences in 30 minutes. Cases and differentials. Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy and Advances
radiology.Spine 1.(dr.ameer)
Plain film x-rays are useful for initially evaluating spinal trauma and detecting abnormalities like fractures and disc space narrowing. CT scans are better for detecting spinal fractures and bone fragments in the spinal canal. MRI is the best imaging technique for evaluating the spinal cord, nerves, soft tissues, and detecting conditions like disc herniations, spinal tumors, and spinal cord injuries. It can also detect bone marrow abnormalities and is the most accurate test for multiple myeloma, metastases and infections affecting the spine.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of spinal cord tumour.
This document discusses the radiological imaging and classification of spinal cord tumors. It describes how spinal cord tumors are classified as extra-dural, intra-dural extra-medullary, or intra-medullary. Common benign extra-dural tumors discussed include hemangioma, osteoid osteoma, osteochondroma, eosinophilic granuloma, and epidural lipomatosis. Imaging findings for diagnosing these tumors with x-ray, CT, and MRI are provided. Malignant primary tumors of the spine discussed include chordoma, lymphoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. Metastatic tumors to the spine are also mentioned.
Spine radiography
The document discusses spine radiography and provides guidelines for evaluating cervical and thoracolumbar spine x-rays. It emphasizes using a systematic approach to evaluate coverage, alignment, bones, spacing, soft tissues and image edges. Factors like normal anatomy, fracture patterns and the three-column injury model are reviewed. Clinical assessment is important as some fractures may be missed on x-rays alone. CT may be needed if injury is suspected or x-rays are unclear.
Dip Image Segmentation
The document discusses image segmentation techniques. Image segmentation subdivides an image into constituent regions or groups. Segmentation algorithms fall into two categories based on intensity values: discontinuity and similarity. Discontinuity-based algorithms detect points, lines and edges using techniques like gradient operators and Laplacian filters. Similarity-based algorithms include thresholding, region growing, and region splitting/merging.
Anatomy of spine
The document provides an overview of spinal anatomy including:
1) It describes the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes used to view the spine on imaging and their anatomical divisions.
2) The basic structures and functions of vertebrae are outlined including protection of the spinal cord, flexibility, and load distribution.
3) Ligaments, joints, vasculature and innervation of the spine are summarized at different regions from cervical to lumbar.
Image segmentation ppt
This document provides an introduction to image segmentation. It discusses how image segmentation partitions an image into meaningful regions based on measurements like greyscale, color, texture, depth, or motion. Segmentation is often an initial step in image understanding and has applications in identifying objects, guiding robots, and video compression. The document describes thresholding and clustering as two common segmentation techniques and provides examples of segmentation based on greyscale, texture, motion, depth, and optical flow. It also discusses region-growing, edge-based, and active contour model approaches to segmentation.
CT Scan Image reconstruction
1. Computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction involves estimating digital images from measured x-ray projection data. Early methods included back projection, which was simple but produced blurred images.
2. Modern commercial CT scanners use analytical methods like filtered back projection or Fourier filtering to reduce blurring. These methods apply spatial or frequency domain filters to projection data before back projecting to reconstruct the image.
3. Iterative reconstruction methods were also developed and provide better image quality than analytical methods but are too computationally intensive for clinical use. Current research aims to make iterative methods fast enough for real-time medical imaging.
Market segmentation PPT
Market segmentation involves dividing a target market into subgroups with distinct needs, characteristics, or behaviors. It allows companies to target specific marketing strategies at select customer groups. The key benefits are increased marketing effectiveness, greater customer satisfaction, and cost savings. Common bases for segmenting consumer markets include geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral factors. While segmentation provides focus, its limitations include increased costs when targeting multiple segments and potential issues from narrowly defining segments.
Basics of CT & MRI
This document provides an overview of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It discusses the history and development of CT from the early 1970s to present day, including the evolution from first to fifth generation CT scanners. Key aspects of CT technology covered include the basic principles, components like the x-ray tube and detectors, and types of scans like conventional tomography and cone beam CT. The document also briefly introduces magnetic resonance imaging.
Mri ppt
MRI uses magnetism and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft tissues in the body. It was developed based on principles of nuclear magnetic resonance and the first MRI exam took 5 hours to produce one image. Key components of an MRI scanner include powerful magnets to align hydrogen nuclei in tissues, gradient coils to localize images, and radiofrequency coils to transmit signals and receive returning signals used to construct images. MRI provides advantages over other imaging techniques by using no ionizing radiation and allowing cross-sectional imaging in any plane with good contrast resolution.
Market segmentation presentation
The document discusses different types of market segmentation. It defines market segmentation as breaking buyers into internally similar but externally different groups. There are four main bases for segmentation: geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral. Demographic segmentation divides the market based on variables like age, gender, income, occupation, and household size. Psychographic segmentation uses psychological attributes, lifestyles, and attitudes to develop behavioral profiles of customers. Behavioral segmentation focuses on factors like usage occasions, benefits sought, and brand loyalty.
CT based Image Guided Radiotherapy - Physics & QA
This document discusses quality assurance for CT-based image guided radiotherapy. It describes existing technologies like kV CBCT, MV CBCT and XVI imaging. It provides details on the XVI system including its x-ray generator, imaging panel, image acquisition and reconstruction process. The document outlines various quality assurance tests for geometric accuracy, image quality and registration including uniformity, spatial resolution and accuracy tests using phantoms.
Parsons and Robar, Volume of interest CBCT and tube current modulation for i...
This document describes a study investigating volume of interest (VOI) cone-beam CT (CBCT) using a dynamic blade collimation system and tube current modulation. The system uses a four blade dynamic collimator that can track an arbitrary VOI defined in treatment planning. Measurements showed VOI CBCT improved contrast-to-noise ratio by a factor of 2.2 compared to full-field CBCT for the same dose. Dose was reduced to 15-80% within the central axis plane and less than 1% out of plane compared to full-field CBCT. Incorporating tube current modulation further increased contrast-to-noise ratio by 1.2, providing a total improvement of 2.6
Automatic Segmentation of the Lumen of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound B-mod...
Automatic Segmentation of the Lumen of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound B-mod...Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
A new algorithm is proposed for the segmentation of the lumen and bifurcation boundaries of the carotid artery in B-mode ultrasound images. It uses the hipoechogenic characteristics of the lumen for the identification of the carotid boundaries and the echogenic characteristics for the identification of the bifurcation boundaries. The image to be segmented is processed with the application of an anisotropic diffusion filter for speckle removal and morphologic operators are employed in the detection of the artery. The obtained information is then used in the definition of two initial contours, one corresponding to the lumen and the other to the bifurcation boundaries, for the posterior application of the Chan-vese level set segmentation model. A set of longitudinal B-mode images of the common carotid artery (CCA) was acquired with a GE Healthcare Vivid-e ultrasound system (GE Healthcare, United Kingdom). All the acquired images include a part of the CCA and of the bifurcation that separates the CCA into the internal and external carotid arteries. In order to achieve the uppermost robustness in the imaging acquisition process, i.e., images with high contrast and low speckle noise, the scanner was adjusted differently for each acquisition and according to the medical exam. The obtained results prove that we were able to successfully apply a carotid segmentation technique based on cervical ultrasonography. The main advantage of the new segmentation method relies on the automatic identification of the carotid lumen, overcoming the limitations of the traditional methods.Technical aspects of dental CBCT - Dr. Kavan Gandhi
CBCT, TECHNICAL AND PRINCIPLES, ARTIFACTS, IMAGING HARDWARE, ACQUISITION, RECONSTRUCTION, VISUALIZATION, MANIPULATION
Computed tomography angiography of the hepatic, pancreatic, and spleenic circ...
Computed tomography angiography of the hepatic, pancreatic, and spleenic circ...Al-YAQIN DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASONIC CLINIC BAGHDAD
This document discusses techniques for multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) of the hepatic, pancreatic, and splenic circulations. Key points include:
- MDCTA allows for acquisition of high spatial and temporal resolution data to delineate both vascular anatomy and parenchymal pathology for preoperative planning.
- Biphasic hepatic protocols include arterial and portal venous phases to detect hypervascular tumors. Pancreatic protocols include a parenchymal phase and portal venous phase.
- Dual-energy CT can generate virtual unenhanced images to reduce radiation dose and iodine-specific images to enhance contrast resolution. Low kVp imaging and virtual monochromatic images also improve hypervascularPhysics of Multidetector CT Scan
Basic physics of multidetector computed tomography ( CT Scan) - how ct scan works, different generations of ct, how image is generated and displayed and image artifacts related to CT Scan.
CT Angiography Lower Limb
This document provides information on performing and interpreting CT angiography of the lower limbs. It discusses scanning techniques, protocols, contrast injection, and principles of timing acquisitions. Image post-processing includes MIP, VR, and MPR. Interpretation requires scrutinizing calcifications and stents to avoid overestimating stenosis. Peripheral CTA is useful for evaluating occlusive disease, aneurysms, trauma, infections, embolism, and postoperative surveillance. Examples demonstrate various vascular pathologies.
CT and MRI of Aortic Valve Disease: Clinical Update
This article from Current Radiology Reports explores new improvements in CT and MR imaging techniques, which yield valuable information for patients with a variety of aortic valve and root pathology.
Coronary CT- angiogram: physics
- Coronary CT angiography uses x-rays and contrast material to examine the coronary arteries with high spatial and temporal resolution. It is non-invasive compared to traditional coronary angiography.
- Key factors for cardiac imaging include high temporal resolution (<250ms), spatial resolution (<0.75mm), and synchronization with the cardiac cycle using ECG gating. Prospective and retrospective gating, partial and multi-segment reconstruction, and low pitch values (<0.5) help achieve this.
- Advances in multi-detector CT scanners, faster gantry rotation times (<330ms), and improved reconstruction algorithms now allow temporal resolutions as low as 80ms for coronary CT angiography.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Scoliosis
This document provides an overview of scoliosis, including:
- Definitions and classifications of scoliosis types like idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, etc.
- Descriptions of curve patterns, measurements, and radiographic assessments.
- Clinical features and evaluations like trunk examination, scoliometer use, and Adams forward bend test.
- Etiology, progression risks, and long-term effects of different scoliosis types.
- Common curve classifications including King's type and Cobb angle measurement method.
It serves as a reference for the clinical presentation, evaluation, and management considerations for different scoliosis conditions.
Spine mri bir 2 copy
MR Imaging of the Spine. How I do it, Common Pitfalls in Image Interpretation, How many sequences per body part. Formula for planning sequences in 30 minutes. Cases and differentials. Seronegative Spondyloarthropathy and Advances
radiology.Spine 1.(dr.ameer)
Plain film x-rays are useful for initially evaluating spinal trauma and detecting abnormalities like fractures and disc space narrowing. CT scans are better for detecting spinal fractures and bone fragments in the spinal canal. MRI is the best imaging technique for evaluating the spinal cord, nerves, soft tissues, and detecting conditions like disc herniations, spinal tumors, and spinal cord injuries. It can also detect bone marrow abnormalities and is the most accurate test for multiple myeloma, metastases and infections affecting the spine.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of spinal cord tumour.
This document discusses the radiological imaging and classification of spinal cord tumors. It describes how spinal cord tumors are classified as extra-dural, intra-dural extra-medullary, or intra-medullary. Common benign extra-dural tumors discussed include hemangioma, osteoid osteoma, osteochondroma, eosinophilic granuloma, and epidural lipomatosis. Imaging findings for diagnosing these tumors with x-ray, CT, and MRI are provided. Malignant primary tumors of the spine discussed include chordoma, lymphoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. Metastatic tumors to the spine are also mentioned.
Spine radiography
The document discusses spine radiography and provides guidelines for evaluating cervical and thoracolumbar spine x-rays. It emphasizes using a systematic approach to evaluate coverage, alignment, bones, spacing, soft tissues and image edges. Factors like normal anatomy, fracture patterns and the three-column injury model are reviewed. Clinical assessment is important as some fractures may be missed on x-rays alone. CT may be needed if injury is suspected or x-rays are unclear.
Dip Image Segmentation
The document discusses image segmentation techniques. Image segmentation subdivides an image into constituent regions or groups. Segmentation algorithms fall into two categories based on intensity values: discontinuity and similarity. Discontinuity-based algorithms detect points, lines and edges using techniques like gradient operators and Laplacian filters. Similarity-based algorithms include thresholding, region growing, and region splitting/merging.
Anatomy of spine
The document provides an overview of spinal anatomy including:
1) It describes the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes used to view the spine on imaging and their anatomical divisions.
2) The basic structures and functions of vertebrae are outlined including protection of the spinal cord, flexibility, and load distribution.
3) Ligaments, joints, vasculature and innervation of the spine are summarized at different regions from cervical to lumbar.
Image segmentation ppt
This document provides an introduction to image segmentation. It discusses how image segmentation partitions an image into meaningful regions based on measurements like greyscale, color, texture, depth, or motion. Segmentation is often an initial step in image understanding and has applications in identifying objects, guiding robots, and video compression. The document describes thresholding and clustering as two common segmentation techniques and provides examples of segmentation based on greyscale, texture, motion, depth, and optical flow. It also discusses region-growing, edge-based, and active contour model approaches to segmentation.
CT Scan Image reconstruction
1. Computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction involves estimating digital images from measured x-ray projection data. Early methods included back projection, which was simple but produced blurred images.
2. Modern commercial CT scanners use analytical methods like filtered back projection or Fourier filtering to reduce blurring. These methods apply spatial or frequency domain filters to projection data before back projecting to reconstruct the image.
3. Iterative reconstruction methods were also developed and provide better image quality than analytical methods but are too computationally intensive for clinical use. Current research aims to make iterative methods fast enough for real-time medical imaging.
Market segmentation PPT
Market segmentation involves dividing a target market into subgroups with distinct needs, characteristics, or behaviors. It allows companies to target specific marketing strategies at select customer groups. The key benefits are increased marketing effectiveness, greater customer satisfaction, and cost savings. Common bases for segmenting consumer markets include geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral factors. While segmentation provides focus, its limitations include increased costs when targeting multiple segments and potential issues from narrowly defining segments.
Basics of CT & MRI
This document provides an overview of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It discusses the history and development of CT from the early 1970s to present day, including the evolution from first to fifth generation CT scanners. Key aspects of CT technology covered include the basic principles, components like the x-ray tube and detectors, and types of scans like conventional tomography and cone beam CT. The document also briefly introduces magnetic resonance imaging.
Mri ppt
MRI uses magnetism and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft tissues in the body. It was developed based on principles of nuclear magnetic resonance and the first MRI exam took 5 hours to produce one image. Key components of an MRI scanner include powerful magnets to align hydrogen nuclei in tissues, gradient coils to localize images, and radiofrequency coils to transmit signals and receive returning signals used to construct images. MRI provides advantages over other imaging techniques by using no ionizing radiation and allowing cross-sectional imaging in any plane with good contrast resolution.
Market segmentation presentation
The document discusses different types of market segmentation. It defines market segmentation as breaking buyers into internally similar but externally different groups. There are four main bases for segmentation: geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral. Demographic segmentation divides the market based on variables like age, gender, income, occupation, and household size. Psychographic segmentation uses psychological attributes, lifestyles, and attitudes to develop behavioral profiles of customers. Behavioral segmentation focuses on factors like usage occasions, benefits sought, and brand loyalty.
Viewers also liked (13)
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of spinal cord tumour.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of spinal cord tumour.
Similar to Automatic segmentation of spinal canals in ct images via iterative topology refinement
CT based Image Guided Radiotherapy - Physics & QA
This document discusses quality assurance for CT-based image guided radiotherapy. It describes existing technologies like kV CBCT, MV CBCT and XVI imaging. It provides details on the XVI system including its x-ray generator, imaging panel, image acquisition and reconstruction process. The document outlines various quality assurance tests for geometric accuracy, image quality and registration including uniformity, spatial resolution and accuracy tests using phantoms.
Parsons and Robar, Volume of interest CBCT and tube current modulation for i...
This document describes a study investigating volume of interest (VOI) cone-beam CT (CBCT) using a dynamic blade collimation system and tube current modulation. The system uses a four blade dynamic collimator that can track an arbitrary VOI defined in treatment planning. Measurements showed VOI CBCT improved contrast-to-noise ratio by a factor of 2.2 compared to full-field CBCT for the same dose. Dose was reduced to 15-80% within the central axis plane and less than 1% out of plane compared to full-field CBCT. Incorporating tube current modulation further increased contrast-to-noise ratio by 1.2, providing a total improvement of 2.6
Automatic Segmentation of the Lumen of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound B-mod...
Automatic Segmentation of the Lumen of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound B-mod...Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
A new algorithm is proposed for the segmentation of the lumen and bifurcation boundaries of the carotid artery in B-mode ultrasound images. It uses the hipoechogenic characteristics of the lumen for the identification of the carotid boundaries and the echogenic characteristics for the identification of the bifurcation boundaries. The image to be segmented is processed with the application of an anisotropic diffusion filter for speckle removal and morphologic operators are employed in the detection of the artery. The obtained information is then used in the definition of two initial contours, one corresponding to the lumen and the other to the bifurcation boundaries, for the posterior application of the Chan-vese level set segmentation model. A set of longitudinal B-mode images of the common carotid artery (CCA) was acquired with a GE Healthcare Vivid-e ultrasound system (GE Healthcare, United Kingdom). All the acquired images include a part of the CCA and of the bifurcation that separates the CCA into the internal and external carotid arteries. In order to achieve the uppermost robustness in the imaging acquisition process, i.e., images with high contrast and low speckle noise, the scanner was adjusted differently for each acquisition and according to the medical exam. The obtained results prove that we were able to successfully apply a carotid segmentation technique based on cervical ultrasonography. The main advantage of the new segmentation method relies on the automatic identification of the carotid lumen, overcoming the limitations of the traditional methods.Technical aspects of dental CBCT - Dr. Kavan Gandhi
CBCT, TECHNICAL AND PRINCIPLES, ARTIFACTS, IMAGING HARDWARE, ACQUISITION, RECONSTRUCTION, VISUALIZATION, MANIPULATION
Computed tomography angiography of the hepatic, pancreatic, and spleenic circ...
Computed tomography angiography of the hepatic, pancreatic, and spleenic circ...Al-YAQIN DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASONIC CLINIC BAGHDAD
This document discusses techniques for multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) of the hepatic, pancreatic, and splenic circulations. Key points include:
- MDCTA allows for acquisition of high spatial and temporal resolution data to delineate both vascular anatomy and parenchymal pathology for preoperative planning.
- Biphasic hepatic protocols include arterial and portal venous phases to detect hypervascular tumors. Pancreatic protocols include a parenchymal phase and portal venous phase.
- Dual-energy CT can generate virtual unenhanced images to reduce radiation dose and iodine-specific images to enhance contrast resolution. Low kVp imaging and virtual monochromatic images also improve hypervascularPhysics of Multidetector CT Scan
Basic physics of multidetector computed tomography ( CT Scan) - how ct scan works, different generations of ct, how image is generated and displayed and image artifacts related to CT Scan.
CT Angiography Lower Limb
This document provides information on performing and interpreting CT angiography of the lower limbs. It discusses scanning techniques, protocols, contrast injection, and principles of timing acquisitions. Image post-processing includes MIP, VR, and MPR. Interpretation requires scrutinizing calcifications and stents to avoid overestimating stenosis. Peripheral CTA is useful for evaluating occlusive disease, aneurysms, trauma, infections, embolism, and postoperative surveillance. Examples demonstrate various vascular pathologies.
CT and MRI of Aortic Valve Disease: Clinical Update
This article from Current Radiology Reports explores new improvements in CT and MR imaging techniques, which yield valuable information for patients with a variety of aortic valve and root pathology.
Coronary CT- angiogram: physics
- Coronary CT angiography uses x-rays and contrast material to examine the coronary arteries with high spatial and temporal resolution. It is non-invasive compared to traditional coronary angiography.
- Key factors for cardiac imaging include high temporal resolution (<250ms), spatial resolution (<0.75mm), and synchronization with the cardiac cycle using ECG gating. Prospective and retrospective gating, partial and multi-segment reconstruction, and low pitch values (<0.5) help achieve this.
- Advances in multi-detector CT scanners, faster gantry rotation times (<330ms), and improved reconstruction algorithms now allow temporal resolutions as low as 80ms for coronary CT angiography.
Pearling stroke segmentation with crusted pearl strings
The document describes a novel segmentation technique called Pearling for extracting idealized models of networks of strokes from images. Pearling computes the centerlines, bifurcations, and thickness of strokes in real-time by optimizing the positions and radii of a discrete series of overlapping disks (pearls) traced along each stroke. A continuous stroke model is defined by interpolating between the discrete pearl positions and radii. Pearling is designed to produce a model slightly wider than the stroke to ensure it fully contains the stroke boundary. It simultaneously computes a narrower core model inside the stroke boundary. The difference between the outer pearl string and inner core captures the stroke boundary and surrounding image data.
4.pptx
The document discusses the principles of computed tomography (CT) scanning. It describes how CT works by obtaining multiple X-ray transmission views of the patient by rotating an X-ray tube and detector array around the patient. The detector readings are used to reconstruct a CT image composed of pixels representing the linear attenuation coefficients of tissue. Tissue densities are expressed using Hounsfield units scaled relative to water and air. The key components of a CT system that enable image acquisition include the gantry, X-ray tube, detectors, data acquisition system, and computer for image reconstruction.
Total Variation-Based Reduction of Streak Artifacts, Ring Artifacts and Noise...
Optical projection tomography (OPT) is a computed tomography technique used to image samples between 0.5-15mm in size. It involves taking 2D projections of a sample rotated over 360 degrees and computationally reconstructing the 3D structure. Standard reconstruction uses filtered backprojection which can produce streak and ring artifacts. Total variation minimization has been shown to improve reconstruction quality by smoothing small fluctuations while preserving edges. The document reviews various techniques for reducing artifacts in OPT reconstruction through additional projections, model-based iterative methods, and total variation minimization.
Review on Medical Image Fusion using Shearlet Transform
This document reviews medical image fusion using the shearlet transform. It discusses how medical image fusion combines information from multimodality images like CT, MRI, PET into a single image. The shearlet transform allows for more efficient encoding of anisotropic features compared to wavelets. The proposed algorithm involves decomposing registered input images using shearlet transforms, applying fusion rules to select coefficients, and reconstructing the fused image. Medical image fusion using shearlets can improve diagnosis by combining complementary anatomical and functional details from different imaging modalities.
Computed Tomography
Computed tomography (CT) provides cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. CT has evolved through several generations with advances in technology. Modern multi-detector CT allows acquisition of multiple slices simultaneously, reducing scan time. Helical or spiral CT involves continuous table movement and X-ray rotation, allowing whole organ or body coverage with minimal artifacts. Pitch relates the table speed to beam width and affects radiation dose and anatomic coverage. CT has advantages over conventional radiography including better contrast resolution and ability to distinguish between tissues.
computed Tomography
Computed tomography (CT) uses rotating X-rays and computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the body. CT provides advantages over conventional radiography like distinguishing between tissues with similar densities and detecting differences as small as 0.5% contrast. Modern CT systems use multiple detector rows to acquire multiple slices simultaneously during each rotation, improving coverage and reducing scan time. Advanced techniques like multiplanar reformation and 3D rendering provide additional diagnostic information from CT images. Artifacts can arise from factors like the helical acquisition and differences between detector rows.
CT History
The document provides an overview of the history and development of computed tomography (CT) scanning. It discusses how CT was pioneered by Godfrey Hounsfield and Allan Cormack in the 1970s, for which they received the 1979 Nobel Prize. It describes the early prototype CT scanners and technological advances that increased scanning speed, such as the introduction of spiral/helical scanning. The document also outlines the basic principles of CT imaging and image reconstruction methods.
Post operative assessment of acl reconstruction
Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a well-established surgical procedure. However, post-operative imaging in the early phase is not routinely performed. The rationale for performing such imaging is to provide a baseline examination for future controls, to provide immediate feedback to surgeons regarding tunnel placement, and to assess placement of fixation devices
Combining ordered subsets and momentum for accelerated x ray ct image reconst...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex, Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
sure poster
This document discusses a method for reducing streak artifacts in micro computed tomography (micro CT) scans of blood vessels containing metal stents. Micro CT scans of stented vessels are compromised by streak artifacts caused by the attenuating metal struts. The proposed method assigns energy-dependent attenuation coefficients to pixels, models the x-ray spectrum passing through the image, and creates correction arrays to divide out spectral effects before image reconstruction. This computationally corrective process improves the reconstructed images and biological interpretation by reducing artifacts from the stents. Future work includes applying the technique to real micro CT data and further refining the x-ray spectrum and reconstruction models.
CBCT in dental practice
This document discusses cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and its applications in dental practice. CBCT provides sub-millimeter resolution images of the maxillofacial skeleton in a fraction of the time and radiation dose of conventional CT. It allows reconstruction of 3D volumetric data into multiplanar reformatted images. Specific applications discussed include implant planning, pathology assessment, temporomandibular joint imaging, and orthodontics. Advanced display modes like curved planar reformation and volume rendering provide familiar views useful for clinical evaluation and measurement.
Similar to Automatic segmentation of spinal canals in ct images via iterative topology refinement (20)
Parsons and Robar, Volume of interest CBCT and tube current modulation for i...
Parsons and Robar, Volume of interest CBCT and tube current modulation for i...
Automatic Segmentation of the Lumen of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound B-mod...
Automatic Segmentation of the Lumen of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound B-mod...
Technical aspects of dental CBCT - Dr. Kavan Gandhi
Technical aspects of dental CBCT - Dr. Kavan Gandhi
Computed tomography angiography of the hepatic, pancreatic, and spleenic circ...
Computed tomography angiography of the hepatic, pancreatic, and spleenic circ...
CT and MRI of Aortic Valve Disease: Clinical Update
CT and MRI of Aortic Valve Disease: Clinical Update
Pearling stroke segmentation with crusted pearl strings
Pearling stroke segmentation with crusted pearl strings
Total Variation-Based Reduction of Streak Artifacts, Ring Artifacts and Noise...
Total Variation-Based Reduction of Streak Artifacts, Ring Artifacts and Noise...
Review on Medical Image Fusion using Shearlet Transform
Review on Medical Image Fusion using Shearlet Transform
Combining ordered subsets and momentum for accelerated x ray ct image reconst...
Combining ordered subsets and momentum for accelerated x ray ct image reconst...
More from I3E Technologies
Add
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Design of a low voltage low-dropout regulator
This document outlines the sections and contents for a project report on designing a low-voltage low-dropout regulator. It includes sections for an abstract, introduction, literature survey, existing and proposed systems, advantages, requirements, diagrams, implementation, testing, conclusions, and references. Contact information and course offerings are also provided for i3e Technologies.
An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Aging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
A combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fft
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders novel components, method...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Pre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encoding
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Ultrasparse ac link converters
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Single inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converter
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Reliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost converters
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...
The document describes a proposed switched mode power supply (SMPS) system that uses a front-end power factor corrected Zeta converter to improve power quality. The front-end converter reduces 100-Hz ripple and improves power factor and voltage regulation. Simulation and testing of a laboratory prototype showed the proposed SMPS enhanced performance under varying input voltages and loading conditions, meeting international power quality standards.
Pfc cuk converter fed bldc motor drive
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...
This document discusses optimized operation of a current-fed dual active bridge DC-DC converter for photovoltaic applications. It analyzes the operating principle and soft-switching conditions over a wide operating range with phase shift and duty cycle control. An optimized operating mode is proposed to achieve minimum RMS transformer current and extend the soft-switching region to reduce losses. Experimental results from a 5 kW hardware prototype verify the analysis. Contact and location information is also provided for an organization that develops IEEE software and hardware projects.
Online variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
I3E Technologies,
#23/A, 2nd Floor SKS Complex,
Opp. Bus Stand, Karur-639 001.
IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
NON-IEEE PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
APPLICATION BASED PROJECTS AVAILABLE,
MINI-PROJECTS AVAILABLE.
Mobile : 99436 99916, 99436 99926, 99436 99936
Mail ID: i3eprojectskarur@gmail.com
Web: www.i3etechnologies.com, www.i3eprojects.com
More from I3E Technologies (20)
An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...
An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...
Aging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic
Aging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...
A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...
A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...
A combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fft
A combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fft
Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders novel components, method...
Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders novel components, method...
Pre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encoding
Pre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encoding
Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...
Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...
Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...
Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...
Single inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converter
Single inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converter
Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...
Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...
Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...
Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...
Reliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost converters
Reliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost converters
Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...
Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...
Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...
Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...
Online variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
Online variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
Recently uploaded
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 08 Doors and Windows.pdf
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 08 Doors and Windows
Data Driven Maintenance | UReason Webinar
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Mechanical Engineering on AAI Summer Training Report-003.pdf
Mechanical Engineering PROJECT REPORT ON SUMMER VOCATIONAL TRAINING
AT MBB AIRPORT
一比一原版(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
SCALING OF MOS CIRCUITS m .pptx
this ppt explains about scaling parameters of the mosfet it is basically vlsi subject
Recently uploaded (20)
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 08 Doors and Windows.pdf
2008 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Illustrated - Ching Chapter 08 Doors and Windows.pdf
4. Mosca vol I -Fisica-Tipler-5ta-Edicion-Vol-1.pdf
4. Mosca vol I -Fisica-Tipler-5ta-Edicion-Vol-1.pdf
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
Mechanical Engineering on AAI Summer Training Report-003.pdf
Mechanical Engineering on AAI Summer Training Report-003.pdf
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...
1FIDIC-CONSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-2ND-ED-2017-RED-BOOK.pdf
1FIDIC-CONSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-2ND-ED-2017-RED-BOOK.pdf
Automatic segmentation of spinal canals in ct images via iterative topology refinement
- 1. AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION OF SPINAL CANALS IN CT IMAGES VIA ITERATIVE TOPOLOGY REFINEMENT ABSTRACT Accurate segmentation of the spinal canals in computed tomography (CT) images is an important task in many relatedstudies. In this paper, we propose an automatic segmentationmethod and apply it to our highly challenging image cohort that isacquired from multiple clinical sites and from the CT channel ofthe PET-CT scans. To this end, we adapt the interactive randomwalksolvers to be a fully automatic cascaded pipeline. The automaticsegmentation pipeline is initialized with robust voxel wise classification using Haar- like features and probabilistic boostingtree. Then, the topology of the spinal canal is extracted from thetentative segmentation and further refined for the subsequentrandom-walk solver. In particular, the refined topology leads toimproved seeding voxels or boundary conditions, which allowthe subsequent random-walk solver to improve the segmentationresult. Therefore, by iteratively refining the spinal canal topologyand cascading the random-walk solvers, satisfactory segmentationresults can be acquired within only a few iterations, even forcases with scoliosis, bone fractures and lesions. Our experimentsvalidate the capability of the proposed method with promisingsegmentation performance, even though the resolution and thecontrast of our dataset with 110 patient cases (90 for testingand 20 for training) are low and various bone pathologies occurfrequently.