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Presented at IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference 2015, a collaborative work between University of Bristol(UK) and Nokia Networks(Chicago, US)
LTE-A Data Throughputs in Realistic Macro and Pico Cellular Environments
LTE-A Data Throughputs in Realistic Macro and Pico Cellular Environments
SIMING ZHANG
Interim report slides
Interim report slides
Chinaemerem Nwankwo
Abstract: While designing a cellular network, the main issue for the network planning is to achieve maximum capacity while maintaining an acceptable grade of service and good speech quality. Planning an immature network does not allow future growth and expansion. Wise & calculative re-use of site location in the future network structure will save money for the operator. For this reason, digital maps are one of the most essential elements to the network engineers while they have to think about expanding their business. However, the digital maps cost a lot of money. This problem can be mitigated if Google Earth is used. In this paper, the procedure of how to design a cellular digitized map on Google Earth is shown. By calculating the cell radius, implementing the single cell site, forming the 7-cell cluster and all the cells a low cost digitized map is designed. It is necessary to have a digitized map in mobile communication because ultimate goal includes efficient usage of RF wave, frequency reuse, total use of BW and last but not the least cost reduction. Keywords: Cellular digitized map, Cell radius, Google Earth.
Cellular digitized map on Google Earth
Cellular digitized map on Google Earth
IOSR Journals
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Ppt on smart small cell with hybrid beamforming for 5 g
Ppt on smart small cell with hybrid beamforming for 5 g
Bhaskar Gurana
The technology related to networking moves wired connection to wireless connection. The basic problem concern in the wireless domain, random packet loss for the end to end connection. In this paper we show the performance and the impact of the packet loss and delay, by the bit error rate throughput etc with respect to the real world scenario vehicular ad hoc network in 3-dimension space (VANET in 3D). Over the years software development has responded to the increasing growth of wireless connectivity in developing network enabled software. In this paper we consider the real world physical problem in three dimensional wireless domain and map the problem to analytical problem . In this paper we simulate that analytic problem with respect to real world scenario by using enhanced antenna position system (EAPS) mounted over the mobile node in 3D space. In this paper we convert the real world problem into lab oriented problem by using the EAPS –system and shown the performance in wireless domain in 3 dimensional space.
ENHANCED ANTENNA POSITION IMPLEMENTATION OVER VEHICULAR- AD HOC NETWORK (VNET...
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ijwmn
The Novel technique to modulate the nulls in the radiation pattern of IMT-Advanced base station (BS) towards the fixed satellite service is (FSS) affirmed in this paper. Designing a new algorithm to extract the nulls in the forbidding area and other base on MUSIC algorithm to estimate the direction of mobile user and control the handover technique is our major concern. A scenario of two mobile users (MS) moving around one FSS had been exclusively studied and simulated. Calculating the shortest separation distance after identifying the critical point and compare the result with the recent recommendation had shown how magnificent coexistence and spectrum sharing we can get.
Channel Overlapping Between IMT-Advanced Users and Fixed Satellite Service
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Positioning techniques have been a common objective since the early development of wireless networks. However, current positioning methods in cellular networks, for instance, are still primarily focused on the use of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which has several limitations, like high power drainage and failure in indoor scenarios. This study introduces a novel approach employing standard LTE signaling in order to provide high accuracy positioning estimation. The proposed technique is designed in analogy to the human sound localization system, eliminating the need of having information from three spatially diverse Base Stations (BSs). This is inspired by the perfect human 3D sound localization with two ears. A field study is carried out in a dense urban city to verify the accuracy of the proposed technique, with more than 20 thousand measurement samples collected. The achieved positioning accuracy is meeting the latest Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements in the planner dimension.
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Presented at IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference 2015, a collaborative work between University of Bristol(UK) and Nokia Networks(Chicago, US)
LTE-A Data Throughputs in Realistic Macro and Pico Cellular Environments
LTE-A Data Throughputs in Realistic Macro and Pico Cellular Environments
SIMING ZHANG
Interim report slides
Interim report slides
Chinaemerem Nwankwo
Abstract: While designing a cellular network, the main issue for the network planning is to achieve maximum capacity while maintaining an acceptable grade of service and good speech quality. Planning an immature network does not allow future growth and expansion. Wise & calculative re-use of site location in the future network structure will save money for the operator. For this reason, digital maps are one of the most essential elements to the network engineers while they have to think about expanding their business. However, the digital maps cost a lot of money. This problem can be mitigated if Google Earth is used. In this paper, the procedure of how to design a cellular digitized map on Google Earth is shown. By calculating the cell radius, implementing the single cell site, forming the 7-cell cluster and all the cells a low cost digitized map is designed. It is necessary to have a digitized map in mobile communication because ultimate goal includes efficient usage of RF wave, frequency reuse, total use of BW and last but not the least cost reduction. Keywords: Cellular digitized map, Cell radius, Google Earth.
Cellular digitized map on Google Earth
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Ppt on smart small cell with hybrid beamforming for 5 g
Ppt on smart small cell with hybrid beamforming for 5 g
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The technology related to networking moves wired connection to wireless connection. The basic problem concern in the wireless domain, random packet loss for the end to end connection. In this paper we show the performance and the impact of the packet loss and delay, by the bit error rate throughput etc with respect to the real world scenario vehicular ad hoc network in 3-dimension space (VANET in 3D). Over the years software development has responded to the increasing growth of wireless connectivity in developing network enabled software. In this paper we consider the real world physical problem in three dimensional wireless domain and map the problem to analytical problem . In this paper we simulate that analytic problem with respect to real world scenario by using enhanced antenna position system (EAPS) mounted over the mobile node in 3D space. In this paper we convert the real world problem into lab oriented problem by using the EAPS –system and shown the performance in wireless domain in 3 dimensional space.
ENHANCED ANTENNA POSITION IMPLEMENTATION OVER VEHICULAR- AD HOC NETWORK (VNET...
ENHANCED ANTENNA POSITION IMPLEMENTATION OVER VEHICULAR- AD HOC NETWORK (VNET...
ijwmn
The Novel technique to modulate the nulls in the radiation pattern of IMT-Advanced base station (BS) towards the fixed satellite service is (FSS) affirmed in this paper. Designing a new algorithm to extract the nulls in the forbidding area and other base on MUSIC algorithm to estimate the direction of mobile user and control the handover technique is our major concern. A scenario of two mobile users (MS) moving around one FSS had been exclusively studied and simulated. Calculating the shortest separation distance after identifying the critical point and compare the result with the recent recommendation had shown how magnificent coexistence and spectrum sharing we can get.
Channel Overlapping Between IMT-Advanced Users and Fixed Satellite Service
Channel Overlapping Between IMT-Advanced Users and Fixed Satellite Service
EECJOURNAL
Positioning techniques have been a common objective since the early development of wireless networks. However, current positioning methods in cellular networks, for instance, are still primarily focused on the use of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which has several limitations, like high power drainage and failure in indoor scenarios. This study introduces a novel approach employing standard LTE signaling in order to provide high accuracy positioning estimation. The proposed technique is designed in analogy to the human sound localization system, eliminating the need of having information from three spatially diverse Base Stations (BSs). This is inspired by the perfect human 3D sound localization with two ears. A field study is carried out in a dense urban city to verify the accuracy of the proposed technique, with more than 20 thousand measurement samples collected. The achieved positioning accuracy is meeting the latest Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements in the planner dimension.
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In next five years 5G is the most popular and anticipated mobile technology and beam forming is one of the important aspect of 5G networks Beam forming is a technique used by sensor arrays for a directional signal transmission or reception and is very important for number of applications like Radar, biomedicine, radio communications, SONAR The paper introduces beam forming technique sand its importance in the modern cellular society Irfan Nissar Bhat | Er. Harish Dogra "Beamforming for 5G Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18405.pdf
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In this paper, transmit beamforming and antenna selection techniques are presented for the Cooperative Distributed Antenna System. Beamforming technique with minimum total weighted transmit power satisfying threshold SINR and Per-Antenna Power constraints is formulated as a convex optimization problem for the efficient performance of Distributed Antenna System (DAS). Antenna Selection technique is implemented in this paper to select the optimum Remote Antenna Units from all the available ones. This achieves the best compromise between capacity and system complexity. Dual polarized and Triple Polarized systems are considered. Simulation results prove that by integrating Beamforming with DAS enhances its performance. Also by using convex optimization in Antenna Selection enhances the performance of multi polarized systems.
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In the mobile phone system, it is highly desirable to estimate the loss of the track not only to improve performance but also to achieve an accurate estimate of financial feasibility; the inaccurate estimate of track loss either leads to performance degradation or increased cost. Various models have been introduced to accurately estimate the path loss. One of these models is the Okomura / Hata model, which is recommended for estimating path loss in cellular systems that use micro cells. This system is suitable for use in a variety of environments. This study examines the comparison of path loss models for statistical analysis derived from experimental data collected in urban and suburban areas at frequencies of 150-1500 MHz’s The results of the measurements were used to develop path loss models in urban and suburban areas. The results showed that Pathloss increases in urban areas respectively.
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In future wireless networks, a significant number of users will be vehicular. One promising solution to improve the capacity for these vehicular users is to employ moving relays or car base stations. The system forms cell inside the vehicle and then uses rooftop antenna for backhauling to overcome the vehicular penetration loss. In this paper, we develop a model for aggregate interference distribution generated from moving/parked cars to indoor users in order to study whether indoor femto-cells can coexist on the same spectrum with vehicular communications. Since spectrum authorization for vehicular communications is open at moment, we consider two spectrum sharing scenarios (i) communication from mounted antennas on the roof of the vehicles to the infrastructure network utilizes same spectrum with indoor femto-cells (ii) in-vehicle communication utilizes same spectrum with indoor femto-cells while vehicular to infrastructure (V2I) communication is allocated at different spectrum. Based on our findings we suggest that V2I and indoor femto-cells should be allocated at different spectrum. The reason being that mounted roof-top antennas facing the indoor cells generate unacceptable interference levels. On the other hand, in-vehicle communication and indoor cells can share the spectrum thanks to the vehicle body isolation and the lower transmit power levels that can be used inside the vehicle.
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Location-based Services (LBSs) are IT services for providing information that has been created, compiled, selected, or filtered taking into consideration the current locations of the users or those of other persons or mobile objects.
Location Based services
Location Based services
Fraj Alshahibi
Cellular positioning (1)
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Cellular positioning (1)
Pabitra Kumar
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Ati location based_services
tienhoang00
Positioning techniques have been a common objective since the early development of wireless networks. However, current positioning methods in cellular networks, for instance, are still primarily focused on the use of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which has several limitations, like high power drainage and failure in indoor scenarios. This study introduces a novel approach employing standard LTE signaling in order to provide high accuracy positioning estimation. The proposed technique is designed in analogy to the human sound localization system, eliminating the need of having information from three spatially diverse Base Stations (BSs). This is inspired by the perfect human 3D sound localization with two ears. A field study is carried out in a dense urban city to verify the accuracy of the proposed technique, with more than 20 thousand measurement samples collected. The achieved positioning accuracy is meeting the latest Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements in the planner dimension.
NOVEL POSITION ESTIMATION USING DIFFERENTIAL TIMING INFORMATION FOR ASYNCHRON...
NOVEL POSITION ESTIMATION USING DIFFERENTIAL TIMING INFORMATION FOR ASYNCHRON...
IJCNCJournal
Hybridised_Positioning_Algorithms_in_Location_Based_Services
Hybridised_Positioning_Algorithms_in_Location_Based_Services
Navid Solhjoo
The location determination in obstructed area can be very challenging especially if Global Positioning System are blocked. Users will find it difficult to navigate directly on-site in such condition, especially indoor car park lot or obstructed environment. Sometimes, it needs to combine with other sensors and positioning methods in order to determine the location with more intelligent, reliable and ubiquity. By using ubiquitous positioning in mobile navigation system, it is a promising ubiquitous location technique in a mobile phone since as it is a familiar personal electronic device for many people. However, there is an increasing need for better development of proposed ubiquitous positioning systems. System developers are also lacking of good frameworks for understanding different options during building ubiquitous positioning systems. This paper proposes taxonomy to address both of these problems. The proposed taxonomy has been constructed from a literature study of papers and articles on positioning estimation that can be used to determine location everywhere on mobile navigation system. For researchers the taxonomy can also be used as an aid for scoping out future research in the area of ubiquitous positioning.
Ubiquitous Positioning: A Taxonomy for Location Determination on Mobile Navig...
Ubiquitous Positioning: A Taxonomy for Location Determination on Mobile Navig...
sipij
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Intelligent location tracking scheme for handling user’s mobility
Intelligent location tracking scheme for handling user’s mobility
eSAT Publishing House
telenity
telenity
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Iaetsd location-based services using autonomous gps
Iaetsd location-based services using autonomous gps
Iaetsd location-based services using autonomous gps
Iaetsd Iaetsd
The location in a mobile ad-hoc network, where each node needs to maintain its location information. which frequently updating its location information within its neighboring region, which is called neighborhood update (NU).and updating its location information to certain distributed location server in the network, which is called location server update (LSU). The operation costs in location updates and the performance losses of the target application due to location application costs which imposes question for nodes to decide the optimal strategy to update the location information, where the optimality is used for minimizing the costs. The location update decision problem is modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). The monotonicity properties of optimal NU and LSU operations with respect to location application cost under a general cost setting. Separable cost structure shows the location update decisions of NU and LSU. Which can be independently carried out without loss of optimality that is a separation property. From the separation property of the problem structure and the monotonicity properties of optimal actions which finds that 1) there always exists a simple optimal update rule for LSU operations 2) for NU operations. If no prior knowledge of the MDP model is available, then also it introduces a model-free learning approach to find a near-optimal solution for the problem.
Location Update In Mobile Ad Hoc Network Using Markov Model
Location Update In Mobile Ad Hoc Network Using Markov Model
Editor IJMTER
https://irjet.net/archives/V7/i2/IRJET-V7I2195.pdf
IRJET - A Review on Analysis of Location Management in Mobile Computing
IRJET - A Review on Analysis of Location Management in Mobile Computing
IRJET Journal
In wireless networks data are sent and received with impressive speed and ease. Mobile WiMAX is a broadband wireless solution that enables coverage of mobile and fixed broadband networks with flexible network architecture. Devised as a truly broadband access solution, the WiMAX technology offers promising features in terms of high bandwidth, extended coverage area and low cost. Despite having many advantages, WiMAX faces major research issues like QoS based bandwidth allocation, Roaming, Internetworking with other technologies, security and handoff. Handoff occurs when a mobile user goes from one cell to another without interruption of ongoing session. Many approaches have been proposed for reducing handoff delay. In this paper, we propose a new approach by which a critical area, an area far away from serving base station but still inside the coverage of serving base station, is found. And then overlapping area between serving base stations and neighboring base station are found and tabulated. According to the size of overlapping area, different weights are assigned where handoff threshold is changed adaptively to reduce handoff delay.
Reducing handoff delay by adaptive threshold tuning and location updates in m...
Reducing handoff delay by adaptive threshold tuning and location updates in m...
ijistjournal
In wireless networks data are sent and received with impressive speed and ease. Mobile WiMAX is a broadband wireless solution that enables coverage of mobile and fixed broadband networks with flexible network architecture. Devised as a truly broadband access solution, the WiMAX technology offers promising features in terms of high bandwidth, extended coverage area and low cost. Despite having many advantages, WiMAX faces major research issues like QoS based bandwidth allocation, Roaming, Internetworking with other technologies, security and handoff. Handoff occurs when a mobile user goes from one cell to another without interruption of ongoing session. Many approaches have been proposed for reducing handoff delay. In this paper, we propose a new approach by which a critical area, an area far away from serving base station but still inside the coverage of serving base station, is found. And then overlapping area between serving base stations and neighboring base station are found and tabulated. According to the size of overlapping area, different weights are assigned where handoff threshold is changed adaptively to reduce handoff delay.
Reducing handoff delay by adaptive threshold
Reducing handoff delay by adaptive threshold
ijistjournal
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)
ijceronline
IOSR Journal of Mobile Computing & Application (IOSR-JMCA) Volume 2 Issue 1
Prototyping the Future Potentials of Location Based Services in the Realm of ...
Prototyping the Future Potentials of Location Based Services in the Realm of ...
IOSR Journals
Indoor location tracking systems are used to locate people or certain objects in buildings and in closed areas. For example, finding co-workers in a large office building, locating customers within a shopping mall and locating patients in the hospital are a few applications of indoor location tracking systems. Indoor tracking capability opens up multiple possibilities. To address this need, this paper describes the implementation of a Bluetooth-based indoor location tracking system that utilizes the integrated Bluetooth modules in any today's mobile phones to specify and display the location of the individuals in a certain building. The proposed system aims for location tracking/monitoring and marketing applications for whom want to locate individuals carrying mobile phones and advertise products and services.
The proposed System for Indoor Location Tracking
The proposed System for Indoor Location Tracking
Editor IJCATR
Location management for pcs networks using user movement pattern
Location management for pcs networks using user movement pattern
IAEME Publication
Mobile relay configuration in data intensive wireless sensor networks
Mobile relay configuration in data intensive wireless sensor networks
Mobile relay configuration in data intensive wireless sensor networks
JPINFOTECH JAYAPRAKASH
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jce/pages/v12i4.html
Smart Way to Track the Location in Android Operating System
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IOSR Journals
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Pfandbriefe have been subject to the ups and downs of the covered bond market as it finds its new post-CBPP3 normal amid evolving rate dynamics and CRE fears. In our latest annual roundtable — held in association with the vdp and host Crédit Agricole CIB in Paris on 23 April – participants share their insights and expectations regarding the German product.
The Pfandbrief Roundtable 2024 - Covered Bonds
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Diversification is the practice of spreading investments across various assets to reduce risk exposure. By diversifying, investors aim to minimize the impact of any single investment's performance on their overall portfolio. This strategy involves allocating capital across different asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and commodities, as well as diversifying within each asset class.
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdf
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you cannot directly sell Pi Network coins in India or anywhere else, cause we are still in the enclosed mainnet of pi network. So right now. The only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified pi merchant. What is a verified pi merchant? A verified pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to exchanges supply chain and crypto whales. Now since pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings. The only way exchanges like huobi or htx can get pi is by mining pi coins or buying from miners. Now since its impossible for an average miner to contact an exchange supply chain. Pi network provided merchants and vendors who stand in between the miners and the exchange network. This is just a brief of our it works. I will leave the contact of my personal pi merchant. That's if you are interested in selling the pi coins. 👇 Tele gram- @Cryptopioneer1 Here it is. I myself have traded more than 10k pi coins successfully in the enclosed mainnet. All thanks to credibility. #pi #pinetwork #pisell #sellpi #pinetwork #india
How can I withdraw my pi coins to real money in India.
How can I withdraw my pi coins to real money in India.
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project ratio analysis of bcom studies important to project the ratios related to accounts. It is important to know the value of a firm or business assets
project ratio analysis of bcom studies .
project ratio analysis of bcom studies .
borndark09
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Overseeing individual accounting records shrewdly is the foundation of monetary dependability and thriving. It includes prudently taking care of pay, costs, reserve funds, and ventures to accomplish momentary objectives and secure long haul monetary prosperity. Savvy monetary administration starts with making a sensible financial plan that designates pay towards fundamental costs, investment funds, and obligation reimbursement, while likewise taking into consideration optional spending. Following costs steadily recognizes regions where spending can be diminished or advanced. Besides, saving routinely and building a backup stash gives a monetary wellbeing net to surprising costs or pay disturbances. Contributing shrewdly, taking into account factors like gamble resistance, time skyline, and enhancement, can assist with developing abundance after some time and accomplish monetary objectives like retirement or homeownership. Also, overseeing obligation capably, by taking care of exorbitant interest obligation first and keeping away from pointless acquiring, is critical for keeping up with monetary wellbeing. Eventually, overseeing individual accounting records intelligently requires discipline, arranging, and continuous assessment to adjust to changing conditions and needs, making ready for monetary security and opportunity.
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Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability and
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Discover how Falcon Invoice Discounting can boost your cash flow effortlessly by providing immediate access to funds tied up in unpaid invoices. Learn how this flexible financial solution can help your business maintain a steady cash flow, support growth, and navigate financial challenges with ease. Explore the benefits of partnering with Falcon to optimize your cash flow management today.
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Falcon Invoice Discounting: Boost Your Cash Flow Effortlessly
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After this first lecture in a series of ten you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
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1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining
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Can I exchange pi coins for usdt on HTX Well you can sell your pi coins easily. But not on HTX exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet. Exchanges like binance are only displaying the price not actually trading them. ✅ How can i sell my pi coins? Well right now in the enclosed mainnet miners are allowed to barter pi coins with merchants, What is a pi merchant? Since pi network is not doing any crypto presale or ico offerings, the only way exchanges like binance and huobi can get pi is by buying from miners. So a merchant is a verified pioneer who facilities the transactions between miners and exchanges supply chain.. ✅ How can i sell my pi coins to a merchant or how to find them? To avoid issues or pondering i will glady leave the contact of my personal pi merchant. I have traded more than 6k pi coins successfully in the enclosed mainnet without having issues. 👇 Telegram --- @Cryptopioneer1 Thanks for your time. And have a nice day. Meldin cares.
How to exchange my pi coins on HTX in 2024
How to exchange my pi coins on HTX in 2024
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project ratio analysis of bcom studies .
project ratio analysis of bcom studies .
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NO1 Best kala jadu karne wale ka contact number kala jadu karne wale baba kal...
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Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability and
Understanding China(International Trade-Chinese Model of development-Export l...
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1.
Combining GPS and
GSM Cell-ID positioning for Proactive Location-based Services 指導教授 : 劉宏煥 學生 : 江俊毅
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Architecture
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Evaluation
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Evaluation (cont.)
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Evaluation (cont.)
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Evaluation (cont.)
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