The document discusses the differences between metals and non-metals. It states that metals account for about two thirds of all elements and 24% of Earth's mass. Metals have properties like strength, conductivity, and high melting points. Non-metals do not conduct electricity or heat well and are very brittle. Non-metals exist as gases and solids at room temperature, unlike metals which are typically solid, and do not have a metallic luster. The document then provides a table comparing various properties of metals and non-metals.

1. METALS AND NON-METALS
Metals account for about
two thirds of all the
elements and about 24%
of the mass of the
planet. Metals have
useful properties
including strength,
ductility, high melting
points, thermal and
electrical conductivity,
and toughness.
Non-metals are not able to
conduct electricity or heat very
well. As opposed to metals, non-
metallic elements are very
brittle, and cannot be rolled into
wires or pounded into sheets.
The non-metals exist in two of
the three states of matter at
room temperature: gases (such
as oxygen) and solids (such as
carbon). The non-metals have no
metallic luster, and do not reflect
light.

2. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METALS AND
NONMETALS
METALS NON-METALS EXCEPTIONS
Metals are malleable
and ductile
Eg. Gold and silver are
the most malleable and
ductile.
Non-metals are
neither
malleable nor ductile.
Carbon fiber is highly
ductile.

3. Metals are good
conductors of
heat and electricity. Eg.
Silver is
the best conductor of
electricity
Non-metals are bad
conductors
of heat and electricity.
Graphite is a good
conductor
of Electricity.

4. Metals are
lustrous(shiny)
Non-metals are non-
lustrous
(dull)
Iodine crystals are
lustrous.

5. Metals are generally
hard.
Non-metals are brittle
not hard.
Metals like lithium ,
sodium
and potassium are
soft.
Non-metals like carbon
(diamond) is the
hardest
substance on Earth.
Au P Na
K
Li
Diamond

6. Metals are generally
solids at
room temperature
Non-metals are
solids, liquids
and gases.
Metal-mercury is a
liquid.
BROMINE

7. Metals have high
density
Non-metals have low
density
Metals –lithium,
sodium and potassium
have low density.
Non-metal –carbon
(diamond)
Has high density.
Metals have high melting
and
boiling points.
Non-metals have low
melting
and boiling points.
Metals –like
Gallium(300C),Cesium(280C
),
Sodium(980C),Potassium(
640C)
Have low melting points.
Non-metals like-diamond
(35500C), graphite (37000C)
have high melting points.

8. Metals are sonorous Non-metals are non-
sonorous.
Metals have high tensile strength Non-metals have low tensile
strength.

9. Metals are silver
grey in colour
Non-metals are of
different
colours
Metals like gold-
yellow, copper
- reddish brown.
Al
Fe
S
Au
Cu

10. Metals form basic
oxides
Non-metals form
acidic oxides
Oxides of Al, Zn and
Sn are amphoteric
in nature
ZnO
Al2O3
MgO
NaO
NO2
P2O5