This is my slides presentation as a keynote speaker at International Conference on Medical Design (MD) 2020 organised by National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taiwan, on 22 November 2020. I have been working with older adults since 2012 and I have been publishing my work on old people & technology since then. For this presentation, I referred a lot from the works of my PhD students: Dr Nahdatul Akma, Azaliza and Mohd Ikhsan. Based on their works, I was able to provide some insights on how to design for the elderly.

1. Designing for
Elderly
Fariza Hanis Abdul Razak
Universiti Teknologi MARA, MALAYSIA

2. Who am I ?

3. Old People in Malaysia

4. Who Are Old People in Malaysia?
• Anyone aged 60 and above (JPA, 2011)
• The new National Policy for Older Persons (2011) acknowledges the
older persons as citizens with varied background and experiences, have
the rights to enjoy a comfortable and respected life and contribute to
the development of the nation.
• This policy is the government’s commitment to create a conducive
environment for older persons who are independent, with dignity, high
sense of self-worth and respected by optimizing their self-potential
through a healthy, positive, active, productive and supportive ageing to
lead a well-being life.

5. Statistics of Old
People in Malaysia
• 60+ comprise 11% and 65+ comprise 7% in 2020
• Malaysian Chinese make up 7.8% of total old population (2015)
• 60+ population is expected to reach 15% in 2035
2,094,700
2190000
2293200
1,950,000
2,000,000
2,050,000
2,100,000
2,150,000
2,200,000
2,250,000
2,300,000
2,350,000
Population of Old People 65 and above
Source: Department of Statistics Malaysia (2020)
2018 2019 2020

6. Digital Divide (Norman, 2006)
ECONOMY –
HAVING TECHNOLOGY
USABILITY –
KNOWING HOW TO USE
EMPOWERMENT –
DECIDING WHAT’S THE BEST

7. What we know about
our old people

8. What is in old people’s
phone
• Those that matter to
them
• Islamic apps
• Azan – call for
prayers
• Zikir –
‘remembering’
God
• Quran – holy
book

9. Spirituality – more religious

10. Spiritual User Experience
(SUX)

11. Old people
experience
with mobile
Quran

12. The original
3E (expressing
emotion &
experience)
diary

13. Modified 3E
Diary-
Nahdatul
Akma Ahmad
(2018)

14. Subjective Feelings
Fear God Motivated Calm
Peaceful Connectedness Energised

15. How we worked with
them

16. User Requirements Elicitation Techniques with Old People (Azaliza Zainal, 2020)
Elicitation Technique Findings (Antona, 2010) Our Findings
Interview Needs adjustments Needs adjustments
Observation Suitable Needs adjustments
Activity diary Suitable Suitable
Art-based approach Suitable Needs adjustments
User trials Needs adjustments Needs adjustments
Focus group Needs adjustments Needs adjustments
Prototyping Suitable Suitable
Brainstorming Needs adjustments Needs adjustments
Workshop - Suitable

17. Factors
Influencing
methods
working
with old
people
Age-related ability
Knowledge & experience
Emotion
Culture
Privacy

18. What we learned from
them

19. Islamic Calendar App

20. Senior Citizen Community
Website

21. Design Principles for Elderly Users
• Familiarity
• Learnability
• User feedback
Cognitive Decline
• User control
Emotional
Tiredness
• Security & privacy
• Relationship
• Spiritual well-being
Human Values
Usability
Flexibility
Values

22. Fariza Hanis Abdul Razak
fariza@tmsk.uitm.edu.my