Essay question: Camels must cope with hot desert environments where water is scarce and the ambient temperature is often higher than the camel\'s core body temperature. Discuss as many physics-based adaptations as you can think of with which the camel might keep from overheating while minimizing its water loss. You don\'t need to calculate anything, but be sure to discuss the relevance of all of the possible heat transfer mechanisms in play, and the physics of each adaptation. (The adaptations you list don\'t necessarily have to be ones actually used by camels, but rather ones that a camel might have used.) Solution Ectotherms maintain heat production and homeostasis by gaining heat from external environmental sources whereas endotherms maintain heat homeostasis by gaining heat from internal organs for instance in camel\'s heat producing source is liver by various enzymatic reaction due to production of ATP and converted to heat. They obtain physicas based adaptation by gaining heat from inner organs via heat of convection. T = M (metabolic heat rate) – [ R + Conductive heat + convective heat (for camle) + E] Heat Production is the process of gaining heat by metabolic process in camel\'s body Heat loss or heat transfer in camel to outside environment is under the control of the following processes – heat of conduction (W/m2) or heat of convection (W/m2). Endothermic animals such as camels are characterized by warm-blooded nature as they maintain more body temperature compared to outside environment Heat of conduction first observed in camel because camel is going to maintain constant 41C degrees of inner body temperature in desert environment in which heat transfer occurs through its body tissue followed by hair covering the body. Later, heat transfer normally resisted by the thickness of skin layers & the flow of heat is varied according to thermal conductivities. Therefore, the sum of the resistance to heat flow is equal to the total of conduction & resistance effects. Later, a “conduction heat transfer coefficient can be denoted & it is followed by transfer heat into the air where convection and radiation contribute to this step..

1. Essay question: Camels must cope with hot desert environments where water is scarce and the
ambient temperature is often higher than the camel's core body temperature. Discuss as many
physics-based adaptations as you can think of with which the camel might keep from overheating
while minimizing its water loss. You don't need to calculate anything, but be sure to discuss the
relevance of all of the possible heat transfer mechanisms in play, and the physics of each
adaptation. (The adaptations you list don't necessarily have to be ones actually used by camels,
but rather ones that a camel might have used.)
Solution
Ectotherms maintain heat production and homeostasis by gaining heat from external
environmental sources whereas endotherms maintain heat homeostasis by gaining heat from
internal organs for instance in camel's heat producing source is liver by various enzymatic
reaction due to production of ATP and converted to heat. They obtain physicas based adaptation
by gaining heat from inner organs via heat of convection.
T = M (metabolic heat rate) – [ R + Conductive heat + convective heat (for camle) + E]
Heat Production is the process of gaining heat by metabolic process in camel's body
Heat loss or heat transfer in camel to outside environment is under the control of the following
processes – heat of conduction (W/m2) or heat of convection (W/m2). Endothermic animals such
as camels are characterized by warm-blooded nature as they maintain more body temperature
compared to outside environment
Heat of conduction first observed in camel because camel is going to maintain constant 41C
degrees of inner body temperature in desert environment in which heat transfer occurs through
its body tissue followed by hair covering the body. Later, heat transfer normally resisted by the
thickness of skin layers & the flow of heat is varied according to thermal conductivities.
Therefore, the sum of the resistance to heat flow is equal to the total of conduction & resistance
effects. Later, a “conduction heat transfer coefficient can be denoted & it is followed by transfer
heat into the air where convection and radiation contribute to this step.