1. CROSS-COUNTRY RACESCROSS-COUNTRY RACES
SeasonSeason
The VenueThe Venue
Designing the CourseDesigning the Course
The CourseThe Course
DistancesDistances
The StartThe Start
Drinking/Sponging and Refreshment StationsDrinking/Sponging and Refreshment Stations
Mountain RacesMountain Races
2. Cross-Country RunningCross-Country Running
Is aIs a sportsport in which runners compete to complete a coursein which runners compete to complete a course
over open or rough terrain. It differs fromover open or rough terrain. It differs from road runningroad running oror
track runningtrack running principally in the course, which may includeprincipally in the course, which may include
grassgrass, mud,, mud, woodlandswoodlands, and water. It is a popular, and water. It is a popular
participatory sport, and usually takes place in temperateparticipatory sport, and usually takes place in temperate
regions during the autumn and winter when soft conditionsregions during the autumn and winter when soft conditions
underfoot prevail.underfoot prevail.
3. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
TempatTempat
Litar mestilah direka bentuk pada sebuahLitar mestilah direka bentuk pada sebuah
kawasan yang terbuka atau belukar, yangkawasan yang terbuka atau belukar, yang
sedapat-dapatnya dilitupi rumput, dengansedapat-dapatnya dilitupi rumput, dengan
halangan semula jadi, yang bolehhalangan semula jadi, yang boleh
digunakan oleh pereka litar untukdigunakan oleh pereka litar untuk
membina litar yang mencabar danmembina litar yang mencabar dan
menarik.menarik.
4. SEASONSEASON
Should normally extend throughout theShould normally extend throughout the winterwinter
monthsmonths after the close of the track and fieldafter the close of the track and field
season.These events are also used for preparingseason.These events are also used for preparing
the athletes for the normal Track & Fieldthe athletes for the normal Track & Field
season ahead.season ahead.
5. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
Mereka Bentuk LaluanMereka Bentuk Laluan
Dalam perlumbaan yang ada ramaiDalam perlumbaan yang ada ramai
peserta, ruang yang kecil atau halanganpeserta, ruang yang kecil atau halangan
lain yang akan menafikan pesertalain yang akan menafikan peserta
membuat larian tanpa kekangan haruslahmembuat larian tanpa kekangan haruslah
dielakkan bagi 1,500m yang pertama.dielakkan bagi 1,500m yang pertama.
6. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
Mereka Bentuk LaluanMereka Bentuk Laluan
Selain kawasan permulaan dan penamat,Selain kawasan permulaan dan penamat,
litar tidak harus mengandung mana-manalitar tidak harus mengandung mana-mana
jalan lurus yang panjang. Sebuah litarjalan lurus yang panjang. Sebuah litar
yang “semula jadi”, berbalam-balam,yang “semula jadi”, berbalam-balam,
dengan selekoh yang lancar dan jalandengan selekoh yang lancar dan jalan
lurus yang pendek, adalah yang palinglurus yang pendek, adalah yang paling
baik.baik.
7. VENUEVENUE
The course must be designed on anThe course must be designed on an openopen oror
woodland areawoodland area, covered as much as possible, covered as much as possible
byby grassgrass, with, with natural obstaclesnatural obstacles ((small hills,small hills,
rough terrain and water jumpsrough terrain and water jumps) which can be) which can be
used by course designer to build a challengingused by course designer to build a challenging
and interesting race course.and interesting race course.
TheThe running arearunning area must bemust be wide enoughwide enough toto
accommodate all the athletes to run openlyaccommodate all the athletes to run openly
and also to include all the necessary facilities.and also to include all the necessary facilities.
8. DESIGNING THE COURSEDESIGNING THE COURSE
AA course loopcourse loop must be designed, with the loopmust be designed, with the loop
measuring betweenmeasuring between 1750m1750m andand 2000m2000m..
It is recommended that each long loop should have aIt is recommended that each long loop should have a
total ascenttotal ascent of at leastof at least 10m10m..
Existing natural obstacles shall be used if possible.Existing natural obstacles shall be used if possible.
However, very high obstacles should be avoided, asHowever, very high obstacles should be avoided, as
shouldshould deep ditchesdeep ditches,, dangerous ascents/descentsdangerous ascents/descents..
It’s preferable thatIt’s preferable that artificial obstaclesartificial obstacles should not beshould not be
used but if such use is unavoidable they should be madeused but if such use is unavoidable they should be made
to simulate natural obstacles.to simulate natural obstacles.
9. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
LaluanLaluan
Laluan harus ditandai dengan pita padaLaluan harus ditandai dengan pita pada
kedua-dua sisi.kedua-dua sisi.
Satu koridor 1 m lebarnya dibuat diSatu koridor 1 m lebarnya dibuat di
sebelah laluan untuk kegunaan pegawaisebelah laluan untuk kegunaan pegawai
dan media.dan media.
Laluan haruslah 5 m lebarnya, kecuali diLaluan haruslah 5 m lebarnya, kecuali di
permulaan dan penamatpermulaan dan penamat
10. THE COURSETHE COURSE
The course shall be clearly marked with tapes on both sides. It isThe course shall be clearly marked with tapes on both sides. It is
recommended that all along one side of the course, arecommended that all along one side of the course, a 1m wide1m wide
corridorcorridor, heavily fenced from the outside of the course, shall be, heavily fenced from the outside of the course, shall be
installed for the use of theinstalled for the use of the organizersorganizers andand media personnelmedia personnel only.only.
Crucial areas must be fencedCrucial areas must be fenced; in particular the; in particular the start areastart area
(including the warm-up and the call room area) and(including the warm-up and the call room area) and finish areafinish area..
TheThe general publicgeneral public shall be allowed to cross the course in theshall be allowed to cross the course in the earlyearly
stagesstages of the race at well organized cross-over points,of the race at well organized cross-over points, marshaledmarshaled
by stewardsby stewards..
It is recommended that apart from the start and finish areas, theIt is recommended that apart from the start and finish areas, the
course be a width ofcourse be a width of 5m5m, including the obstacle areas., including the obstacle areas.
11.
12. DISTANCESDISTANCES
IAAF World Cross Country Championships should beIAAF World Cross Country Championships should be
approximately:approximately:
Senior Men:Senior Men: Long Course 12kmLong Course 12km
Senior Women:Senior Women: Long Course 8kmLong Course 8km
Junior Men:Junior Men: Long Course 8kmLong Course 8km
Junior Women:Junior Women: Long CourseLong Course 6km6km
13. THE STARTTHE START
Shall be started by firing of a gun. TheShall be started by firing of a gun. The
commands and procedure for races longer thancommands and procedure for races longer than
400m shall be used – which is: “400m shall be used – which is: “On YourOn Your
MarksMarks”!”!
In international races,In international races, five- minfive- min,, three-minthree-min andand
one-minute warningsone-minute warnings shall be given.shall be given.
Departure boxesDeparture boxes shall be provided and theshall be provided and the
members of each team shall be lined up behindmembers of each team shall be lined up behind
each other at the start of the race.each other at the start of the race.
14. DESIGNING THE COURSE cont….DESIGNING THE COURSE cont….
In races where there are large number of athletes, narrowIn races where there are large number of athletes, narrow
gaps or other hindrances which would deny the athletesgaps or other hindrances which would deny the athletes
unhampered run shall be avoided for theunhampered run shall be avoided for the first 1500mfirst 1500m..
Crossing of roadsCrossing of roads or any kind ofor any kind of macadamized surfacesmacadamized surfaces
shall be avoidedshall be avoided or at leastor at least kept to a minimumkept to a minimum..
Apart from the start and finish areas, the courseApart from the start and finish areas, the course must notmust not
contain any other long straightcontain any other long straight. A “. A “naturalnatural”, undulating”, undulating
course withcourse with smooth curvessmooth curves andand short straightshort straight, is most, is most
suitable.suitable.
15. DRINKING & SPONGINGDRINKING & SPONGING
STATIONSSTATIONS
WaterWater and other suitableand other suitable refreshmentsrefreshments shall beshall be
available at the start & finish of all races.available at the start & finish of all races.
For all events, aFor all events, a drinking/sponging stationsdrinking/sponging stations
shall be provided every lap, if weathershall be provided every lap, if weather
conditions warrant such provision.conditions warrant such provision.
16. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
Stesyen Minuman / Pembasahan danStesyen Minuman / Pembasahan dan
Minuman SegarMinuman Segar
Air dan minuman segar lain yang sesuai harusAir dan minuman segar lain yang sesuai harus
disediakan di tempat permulaan dan penamatdisediakan di tempat permulaan dan penamat
semua perlumbaan. Bagi semua perlumbaan,semua perlumbaan. Bagi semua perlumbaan,
satu stesyen minuman/ pembasahan harussatu stesyen minuman/ pembasahan harus
disediakan bagi setiap pusingan, jika keadaandisediakan bagi setiap pusingan, jika keadaan
cuaca menuntut bekalan sedemikiancuaca menuntut bekalan sedemikian
17. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
Pengiraan SkorPengiraan Skor
Pada akhir perlumbaan, hakim-hakim akanPada akhir perlumbaan, hakim-hakim akan
menentukan kedudukan peserta yang dikira bagimenentukan kedudukan peserta yang dikira bagi
setiap pasukan yang bertanding, campurkan dansetiap pasukan yang bertanding, campurkan dan
pasukan yang mendapat agregat terendah akanpasukan yang mendapat agregat terendah akan
diisytiharkan menangdiisytiharkan menang
18. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
Pengiraan SkorPengiraan Skor
Semasa menentukan agregat, kedudukan mana-Semasa menentukan agregat, kedudukan mana-
mana peserta yang tidak menyumbang kepadamana peserta yang tidak menyumbang kepada
skor dan pelumba individu dimansuhkan danskor dan pelumba individu dimansuhkan dan
kedudukan peserta berikutnya diubah suaikedudukan peserta berikutnya diubah suai
dengan sewajarnyadengan sewajarnya
19. PERATURAN 250PERATURAN 250
Perlumbaan Merentas DesaPerlumbaan Merentas Desa
Pengiraan SkorPengiraan Skor
Jika seri, ia harus diselesaikan dengan kelebihanJika seri, ia harus diselesaikan dengan kelebihan
kepada pasukan yang anggota yangkepada pasukan yang anggota yang
menyumbang skor menamatkan perlumbaanmenyumbang skor menamatkan perlumbaan
lebih hampir kepada tempat pertamalebih hampir kepada tempat pertama
