Physical education

1. SESSION: - 2018-2019
PRACTICAL FILE FOR
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
SHRI. A.K. PATEL ALOK KUMAR BIND
SPORTS TEACHER CLASS: - 12 (SCIENCE)
K.V. GHAZIPUR ROLL NO:-5665292

2. This is to certify that the investigatory project on
‘Athletics’ and cricket has been sincerely and
satisfactorily conducted by ‘Alok Kumar
Bind of ‘Class 12th
(Science)’ , under the
guidance of ‘Shri.Alok Kumar Patel
Sir(School Teacher)
(Signature of Subject Teacher) (Signature of Principal)
(School Stamp) (Signature of Student)

3. Acknowledgment
I am grateful to the almighty for giving me the strength to
successfully conduct my experiments and for sustaining my
efforts which many times did oscillate.
I am deeply indebted to,
Shri. A.K Patel, our Physical Education
faculty, whose continuous constructive guidance this project is
timely completed. His valuable advice and suggestions for
correction or modification enhanced my performance very well
also my senior students who encouraged .
I am obliged to Mr. Keshwar Prasad, our principal
for providing the best of facilities and bring out innovation
and spirit of inquiry .

4. ATHLETICS
Athletics is an exclusive collection of
throwing, and walking. The most common types of
field, road running, cross country running
competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the
most commonly competed sports in the world. Athletics i
the exception of relay races and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a
team score, such as cross country.
Organized athletics are traced back to the
modern events are conducted by the member clubs of the
Athletics Federations. The athletics meeting forms the backbone of the modern
Olympics, and other leading international meetings include the
Championships and World Indoor Championships
disability compete at the Summer Paralympics
THE TRACK
It is split into six to ten lanes which circle
jumping events.
The winner of all races conducted on the track is the first person whose torso crosses
the finishing line.
A runner is disqualified from a race if they make two false starts, which are counted
they leave the starting
ATHLETICS
is an exclusive collection of sporting events that involve running
. The most common types of athletics competitions are
cross country running, and race walking. The simplicity of the
competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the
most commonly competed sports in the world. Athletics is mostly an individual sport, with
and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a
team score, such as cross country.
letics are traced back to the Ancient Olympic Games from 776 BC, and most
modern events are conducted by the member clubs of the International Association of
. The athletics meeting forms the backbone of the modern
, and other leading international meetings include the
World Indoor Championships, and athletes with a
Summer Paralympics .
which circle around an inner field used for throwing and
The winner of all races conducted on the track is the first person whose torso crosses
A runner is disqualified from a race if they make two false starts, which are counted
running, jumping,
athletics competitions are track and
. The simplicity of the
competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the
s mostly an individual sport, with
and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a
from 776 BC, and most
International Association of
. The athletics meeting forms the backbone of the modern Summer
, and other leading international meetings include the IAAF World
, and athletes with a physical
field used for throwing and
The winner of all races conducted on the track is the first person whose torso crosses
A runner is disqualified from a race if they make two false starts, which are counted if

5. STARTING BLOCK
Device made up of two adjustable pedals that allow sprinters to give themselves momentum
during a start.
SHORT DISTANCE RACES
 50 m., 100m., 200m.& 400 m
(Indoors).
MIDDLE DISTANCE RACES
 800 m & 1500m.
STARTING BLOCK
Device made up of two adjustable pedals that allow sprinters to give themselves momentum
RACES
SHORT DISTANCE RACES
50 m., 100m., 200m.& 400 m - 600 m
MIDDLE DISTANCE RACES
Device made up of two adjustable pedals that allow sprinters to give themselves momentum

6. SHORT DISTANCE RACES
• 100 m - The shortest running event in athletics.
• 200 m - As with the 100 m, the 200 m requires instant acceleration but it also needs
stamina to maintain the speed for the duration of the race.
• 400 m - The distance of one circuit around the track.
• 600 m (this is only included in Indoor Athletics competitions).
MIDDLE DISTANCE RACES
• 800 m - This consists of two circuits around the track, requiring the athlete to
demonstrate good speed combined with endurance.
•1500 m - Also known as the metric mile,the 1500m race requires athletes to run 3.75
times around the track. It requires endurance in order that contestants maintain speed and
have enough energy to make a final push to the finish line.
RACES
 LONG DISTANCE RACES
 3.000 m., 5.000 m & 10.000 m.
 ROAD EVENTS
 Marathon & Racewalking, 20 km.and 50 km.
LONG DISTANCE RACES
• 3000 m - A distance that is often run by runners who are comfortable at both 1500m
and 5000m.
•5000 m - Requiring extreme endurance and aerobic training the 5000 m requires
athletes to run 12.5 times around the track.
•10000 m - The longest track event in athletics competition, the 10000 m requires intense
training sessions in order that
the athlete can build up the stamina and mental determination necessary to run.

7. ROAD EVENTS
MARATHON
The marathon is a race covering the distance of 42.195 km, which was first run by a
Greek messenger in 490 BC.
RACEWALKING
Racewalking is a popular event world wide but it is usually only included in the major
competitions, including the Olympics, the Commonwealth Games and the IAAF Athletics
World Championships.
OTHERS RACES
RELAY HURDLES
4 X 100m 110 m. & 110 m.
4 x 200m 400 m.
4 x 400m 3000 m
4 x 800m
FIELD EVENTS
JUMPING EVENTS
 High Jump
 Long
 Jump
 Triple
 Jump
 Pole Vault

8. THROWING EVENTS
 Hammer
 Discus
 Javelin
 Shot Put
JUMPING EVENTS
1. Starting run - this is the period of time where the athlete gathers speed for the
2. Take off - this is the transition between the run and the jump with the athlete propelling
their body into the air.
3. Flight - this is the period of time when the body is airborne, sending them horizontally
away from the starting point in the
the high jump.
4. Landing - this is the point at which the athlete finishes the jump marking the distance
HIGH JUMP
In the high jump event, athletes sprint down a runway towards a four meter
long horizontal bar and jump vertically over the bar on to a cushioned mattress.
LONG JUMP
The long jump requires athletes to sprint down a runway and jump off a raised
platform into a stretch of sand or other marked area, with the aim of landing as
far from the starting point.
THROWING EVENTS
JUMPING EVENTS
this is the period of time where the athlete gathers speed for the
this is the transition between the run and the jump with the athlete propelling
this is the period of time when the body is airborne, sending them horizontally
away from the starting point in the long jump or triple jump and vertically over the bar in
this is the point at which the athlete finishes the jump marking the distance
In the high jump event, athletes sprint down a runway towards a four meter
orizontal bar and jump vertically over the bar on to a cushioned mattress.
The long jump requires athletes to sprint down a runway and jump off a raised
into a stretch of sand or other marked area, with the aim of landing as
the starting point.
this is the period of time where the athlete gathers speed for the take-off.
this is the transition between the run and the jump with the athlete propelling
this is the period of time when the body is airborne, sending them horizontally
long jump or triple jump and vertically over the bar in
this is the point at which the athlete finishes the jump marking the distance.
In the high jump event, athletes sprint down a runway towards a four meter
orizontal bar and jump vertically over the bar on to a cushioned mattress.
The long jump requires athletes to sprint down a runway and jump off a raised
into a stretch of sand or other marked area, with the aim of landing as

9. TRIPLE JUMP
Also known as ‘the hop, step and jump’ the triple jump requires the athlete to begin with
speed but to maintain energy for the take
POLE VAULT
The pole vault requires the athlete to clear the height of a horizontal bar
of a vertical pole, with the bar increasing in height as more athletes are eliminated from the
competition.
THROWING EVENTS
The four events are: the hammer, the discus, the javelin and the shot put .There are four
different throwing events included in athletics competition which require athletes to
demonstrate power, strength and accuracy
HAMMER
The ‘hammer’ is an extremely heavy metal ball
handle by a steel wire
DISCUS
Making use of a spinning technique to
the athlete to throw a disc shaped
JAVELIN
Also known as ‘the hop, step and jump’ the triple jump requires the athlete to begin with
speed but to maintain energy for the take-off.
The pole vault requires the athlete to clear the height of a horizontal bar with the assistance
of a vertical pole, with the bar increasing in height as more athletes are eliminated from the
THROWING EVENTS
The four events are: the hammer, the discus, the javelin and the shot put .There are four
events included in athletics competition which require athletes to
demonstrate power, strength and accuracy.
The ‘hammer’ is an extremely heavy metal ball weighing 7.2kg which is attached to a
technique to bring about speed and strength, the discus
throw a disc shaped object across the field as far as possible.
Also known as ‘the hop, step and jump’ the triple jump requires the athlete to begin with
with the assistance
of a vertical pole, with the bar increasing in height as more athletes are eliminated from the
The four events are: the hammer, the discus, the javelin and the shot put .There are four
events included in athletics competition which require athletes to
weighing 7.2kg which is attached to a
strength, the discus requires

10. The Javelin combines speed with great strength, requiring the athlete to throw
a long spiked pole as far as possible across the field
SHOT PUT
Requiring perhaps more strength than any other athletic event, the shot put requires the
athlete to throw an extremely heavy ball across a specified distance by transferring leg
strength up through the arms.
The Javelin combines speed with great strength, requiring the athlete to throw
r as possible across the field.
Requiring perhaps more strength than any other athletic event, the shot put requires the
athlete to throw an extremely heavy ball across a specified distance by transferring leg
The Javelin combines speed with great strength, requiring the athlete to throw
Requiring perhaps more strength than any other athletic event, the shot put requires the
athlete to throw an extremely heavy ball across a specified distance by transferring leg

12. Awards
The Dronacharya Awardees (for Coaches)
O.M. NAMBIAR, JOGINDER SINGH SAINI, HARGOBIND SINGH, KENITH OWEN BOSSAN, PROF.
KARAN SINGH, ILYAS BABBAR, BAHADUR SINGH, UDAY K. PRABHU., ANJU BOBBY GEORGE,
R. D. SINGH (2009), KUNTAL RAI (2011).
THE DHYAN CHAND AWARDEES
LABH SINGH MEHENDAL, PARS BUREAN, UDDAY PRABHU (2006) ISHAR SINGH DEOL
(2006), HAKAM SINGH (2008), PARSHURAM.
THE PADMA SHRI AWARDEES
MILKHA SINGH, KAMALJEET SANDHU, CHARLES BROMEO, CHAND RAM, GEETA JUTSHI,
P.T USHA, HAV. RAM SINGH, SHINY ABRAHAM, SUNITA RANI, BAHADUR SINGH, ANJU
BOBBY GEORGE
THE RAJIV GANDHI KHEL RATNA AWARDEES
K.M BEENAMOL (2008) ANJU BOBBY GEORGE (2004) ,JYOTIRMAYEE SIKDAR (1999)
SPORTS AWARD
ARJUN AWARDEES
1961 GURBACHAN SINGH RANDHAWA
1962 HAV. TARLOLK SINGH
1963 STEPHIE D'SOUZA
1964 MALKHAN SINGH
1965 KENNETH POWELL
1966 AJMER SINGH, B. S. BARUA
1967 PRAVEEN KUMAR, BHIM SINGH
1968 JOGINDER SINGH, MANJIT WALIA
1969 HARNEK SINGH
1970 MOHINDER SINGH GILL
1971 EDWARD SEQUEIRA
1972 VIJAY SINGH CHAUH
1973 HAV. SRIRAM SINGH

13. 1974 T. C. YOHANNAN, SHIVNATH SINGH
1975 INSPECTOR HARI CHAND AND V.ANUSUYA BAI
1976 BAHADUR SINGH AND GEETA ZUTSHI
1978 SURESH BABU AND ANGEL MARY JOSEPH
1979 R. GYANASEKARAN
1980 GOPAL SAINI
1981 SABIR ALI
1982 CHARLES BORROMEO, CHAND RAM AND M. D. VALSAMMA
1983 CAPT. SURESH YADAV, P.T. USHA
1984 RAJ KUMAR, SHINY ABRAHAM
1985 RAGHUBIR SINGH BAL, ASHA AGARWAL, ADILLE SUMARIWALA
1986 SUMAN RAWAT
1967 BALWINDER SINGH, VANDANA RAO, BAGICHA SINGH AND VANDANA SHANBAGH
1988 ASHWINI NACHAPP
1989 MERCY KUTTAN
1990 DEENA RAM
1992 BAHADUR PRASAD
1993 K SARAMMA
1994 ROSA KUTTY
1995 SHAKTI SINGH, JYOTIRMOYI SIKDAR
AJIT BHADURIA, PADMINI THOMAS (1096), NEELAM J.SINGH, RACHITA MISTRY, SIRI CHAND,
PARAMJEET SI NGH, S.D. ESHAN (1999), GULAB CHAND, SUNITA RANI, GURMET. KAUR, CAPT.
PFADUMAN SINGH,VEN KETERAPPA (HANDICAP), K.M. BEENAMOL, RACHAN GOVIL (2000),
BAHADUR SINGH (2002), ANJU BOBBY GEORGE (2003), SOMA VISHWAS, MADHURI SAXENA (2004),
JJ. SHOBHA, ANIL KUMAR (2006), MANJIT KAUR (2006), K. SINIMOL (2009), KRISHNA PUNIA,
JOSEPH ABRAHAM (2010), RANJITMAHESVARI (2003), RANJIT MABESHVARI (2013).
IMPORTANT TOURNAMENTS AND VENUES
TOURNAMENTS VENUE
National Athletic Championship 1 . Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium , Delhi
Asian Athletic Championship 2. Netaji Subhash National Institute , Patiala
World Athletic Championship 3. LNCPE Stadium , Gwalior
Asian Games 4. University Stadium , Trivandrum
Olympic Games 5. Nahar Singh Stadium , Faridabad
6. Ch . Charan Singh Stadium , Hissar
.

14. Since its foundation in 1912, the
the International Association of Athletics Federations
International Amateur Athletics Federation but changed later its name to reflect that the
sport had moved away from
IAAF has 213 member nations and territories, which are divided into six continental areas
(or area associations). The sports within athletics do not have their own independent
governing bodies at either international or continental level and, instead, all fall under the
athletics authorities.
Map of the six continental federations of the IAAF
 AAA – Asian Athletics Association
 CAA – Confederation of African Athletics
 CONSUDATLE – South American Athletics Confederation
 NACACAA – North America, Central America and Caribbean Athletic Association
 EAA – European Athletics Association
 OAA – Oceania Athletics Association
National level athletics organizations
their respective countries and most major competitions have some form of permit or approval
from their national body.
Organizations
Since its foundation in 1912, the international governing body for athletics has been
International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). It was initially known as the
ur Athletics Federation but changed later its name to reflect that the
amateurism towards professionalism in the late 1970s. The
IAAF has 213 member nations and territories, which are divided into six continental areas
The sports within athletics do not have their own independent
es at either international or continental level and, instead, all fall under the
Map of the six continental federations of the IAAF
Asian Athletics Association
nfederation of African Athletics
South American Athletics Confederation
North America, Central America and Caribbean Athletic Association
European Athletics Association
Oceania Athletics Association
organizations are responsible for the regulation of the sport within
their respective countries and most major competitions have some form of permit or approval
for athletics has been
(IAAF). It was initially known as the
ur Athletics Federation but changed later its name to reflect that the
in the late 1970s. The
IAAF has 213 member nations and territories, which are divided into six continental areas
The sports within athletics do not have their own independent
es at either international or continental level and, instead, all fall under the
North America, Central America and Caribbean Athletic Association
are responsible for the regulation of the sport within
their respective countries and most major competitions have some form of permit or approval