SLIDESHARE

1. BRUNEI AND SOUTH
KOREA
A COMPARISON OF
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
MA. CHRISTINA S. GABASAN ERLINDA A. GANAPIN
MAED – MATH PROFESSOR
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
GRADUATE SCHOOL
SUMMER 2018

2. OBJECTIVES:
Compare the Educational Systems of Brunei Darussalam
and South Korea in terms of:
a. Goals of Education
b. Historical / Cultural Perspectives
c. Government Funds
d. Organization and Management
e. Teacher Education Program
f. Problems in Education
g. Preparations for the challenges of 21st Century

3. GOALS OF EDUCATION
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA
• Early childhood care and education
• Universal primary education
• Promoting learning skills for young
people and adults
• Adult literacy
• Gender parity and equality in
education
• Quality education
• To provide educational
opportunities to all school aged
children and high quality human
resources to society
• To extend education throughout the
whole society by improving the
system of continuing higher
education, for those already
working, alongside the traditional
system

4. A Glimpse to History of Brunei…
• The Brunei Sultanate rose to prominence in the 15th and 16th centuries.
• However, its power gradually declined on the British and Dutch colonial empires
expanded.
• In the 19th century, the Sultan of Brunei sought British support in defending the coast
against Dayak pirate, and ennobled James Brook, a British adventurer, as Rajah of
Sarawak in 1839.
• In 1888, North Borneo became a British protected state.
• In 1906, a treaty was signed between Britain and Brunei making Brunei a full protectorate.
• The treaty assumed the succession of the ruling dynasty.
• In 1929, large resources of oil were discovered in Seria; these and subsequent
discoveries made Brunei a wealthy country.

5. • In 1959, a written constitution was introduced, thus, the residency agreement of 1906 was
revoked.
• In 1960s, Brunei considered merging with the Federation of Malaysia.
• In 1971, under an agreement with the UK, Brunei ceased to be a British protected state.
• The constitution was amended to give the Sultan full control over all internal matters, the
UK retaining responsibility for defense and foreign affairs.
• Brunei became fully independent sovereign state on January 1, 1984.
• Brunei is an energy rich Sultanate.
• Brunei has a well-educated, largely English-speaking population; excellent infrastructure
and a stable government intent on attracting foreign investment.
• Crude oil and natural gas production account for approximately 65% of GDP and 95% of
exports, which Japan as the primary export market.

6. A Glimpse to History of SOUTH KOREA…
• For over 400 years until 1873, Korea had been closed to outside contact
• 1910 - Japanese gradually made their way into Korea took complete control over Korea.
• As a colony of Japan, Korea was made to conform to the Japanese’s colonial administration. The Japanese
colonial administration was “autocratic, systemic, thorough, and used large numbers of ethnic Japanese
brought from the metropole to occupy key niches in the civil service, educational system, business, and
industry” (Sorensen, 1994).
• The Japanese’s rigid control on Korea was a way to ensure the assimilation of the ethnic Koreans.
• During this time, ethnic Japanese and ethnic Koreans had separate education systems with secondary
education highly restricted for ethnic Koreans. The medium of instruction in all schools regardless of the
system are in Japanese and taught by Japanese instructors.
• In 1919, after the failed independent movement, the ethnic Koreans realized that in order to become qualified
to be to regain their independence, acquisition of modern education was needed. No matter how hard the
Japanese tried to restrict the Koreans from education, ethnic Koreans managed to get their education and
even demanded more: from elementary school access to access in tertiary education.

7. • Finally, after 72 years of occupation, the Japanese left Korea in 1945. However, the Japanese
deliberately left the Koreans with a broken education system. Because all schools were taught by
ethnic Japanese, when they left there was a huge gap in trained manpower. There was a shortage
of teachers and the illiteracy rate was 78%.

8. MAPS AND FLAGS

9. DEMOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA
CAPITAL BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN SEOUL
TOTAL LAND AREA OF THE
COUNTRY
5,765 km2 100, 210 km2
POPULATION 433, 208 (2018)
51, 136, 935 (2018)
TYPE OF GOVERNMENT
ABSOLUTE MONARCHY OR
SULTANATE (LOCALLY KNOWN
AS MALAY ISLAMIC MONARCHY)
PRESIDENTIAL REPUBLIC
LANGUAGE
STANDARD MALAY (OFFICIAL
LANGUAGE) , ENGLISH
KOREAN, ENGLISH, JAPANESE,
CHINESE
RELIGION
ISLAM – 74%
Christianity– 26%
No affiliation – (56.1%); Protestantism –
(19.7%)
Buddhism – (15.5)
Catholicism – (7.9%)
Other – (0.8%)
Let’s Compare Brunie and South Korea

10. Government Funds in Education
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA
GDP 11.4 billion USD (2016)
26,938.50 USD per Capita
GDP SPENT ON EDUCATION (2016)
4.43%
TEACHER STUDENT RATIO
1: 12
GDP $1.934 trillion (2016)
$37,700 per Capita
GDP SPENT ON EDUCATION (2015)
5. 05%
TEACHER STUDENT RATIO
1:16

11. STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLING
BRUNEI
1- pre school
6- primary school
3- lower secondary
2- upper secondary
2- pre tertiary
*EDUCATION IS FREE
THROUGHOUT
INCLUDING UNIVERSITY
ABROAD AND NOT
COMPULSARY

12. SOUTH KOREA
6 – primary
3 – Middle School
3 –High School
*PRIMARY SCHOOL IS
COMPULSARY AND FREE
OF CHARGE
STRUCTURE OF SCHOOLING

13. GRADING SYSTEM
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA

14. LET’S COMPARE THE ORGANIZATION AND
MANAGEMENT
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA

15. LET’S SEE HOW DO THEY QUALIFY TEACHERS…
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA

16. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN EDUCATION
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA
• Language policies
• How societies use education language policies to manage
access to language rights and the consequences
• Ways in which states utilize language policies for
purposes of political and cultural control
 Although South Korea ranks No. 1 as the world best
education system and based on PISA result it ranks 7th in
math, 7th reading and 11th in Science, they also have a
problems like:
• Korean students are not satisfied with their life because of
the enormous amount of pressure they receive from
studying
• Teenage Suicide
• Hagwons and private tutors
• Ranks among the highest for household debt, depression,
divorce, and alcohol consumption

17. Preparations for the Challenges of 21st Century
BRUNEI SOUTH KOREA
1. Redefining Teachers Quality
2. Redesigning Programmes
3. Restructuring Institution
1. Integrative and convergence education
2. Six key competencies were defined as the core
skills
3. Emphasized the importance of “Happy Education”
to address the growing concerns for students’ well-
being

18. GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF THE
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Brunei government gives priority to their educational system and makes it accessible
to all the learners. They even provide the basic needs of their citizens to make sure that all
of them will be literate although schooling there is not compulsory. They don’t have serious
problems when it comes to education since the government provide what they need. South
Korea in the other hand is one of the top performing country in the world when it comes to
math, science and reading (based on PISA result 2015) and they placed No. 1 in the world
best educational system as of 2017. Therefore it only means that the educational system
there is outstanding.

19. CONCLUSION
In general, both countries aims high for the better future of their citizens in
the country. For them education is the key to change the world. Brunei wants
education for all and free while South Korea give high regards to those elite
student that cause problem to the society. Many students gets pressured
when they take the College Entrance Exam because for them it is very
important that you’ll past it. Many Koreans committed suicide because of the
pressure that they get in schooling, they don’t have time for leisure and other
recreational activities.

20. References:
www.studycountry.com/guide/KR-history.htm
http://www.studycountry.com/guide/BN-education.htm
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/465c/225a7070d9ff272b0d4c7be8858c00044617.pdf
https://tradingeconomics.com/brunei/public-spending-on-education-total-percent-of-gdp-wb-data.html
https://www.classbase.com-System
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137455536_2
http://theconversation.com/south-korean-education-ranks-high-but-its-the-kids-who-pay-34430
www.studycountry.com
www.classbase.com
www.best-country.com
seameo.org
www.tranferwise.com
www.southkoreaeducation.com
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002460/246052E.pdf
http://ice-moeth2017.seameo.org/presentation/ST1/ST1_02_Dr%20Shamsiah.pdf

21. THANK YOU!