The Transportation & Aviation Industry

1. THE TRANSPORTATION and AVIATION INDUSTRY (updated December 2014)

2. UNIT OBJECTIVES: 1. Identify the major modes of transportation for tourism. 2. Identify the influences of government regulations or political positions on transportation for tourism. 3. Analyze the issues and trends that will have impacts upon transportation for tourism.

3. TOPICS: 1. Conceptual Framework 2. Land-based Transport 3. Water-based Transport 4. Air Transport 5. Government regulations or political influences on transport for tourism 6. Future Trends

4. TRANSPORTATION: DEFINITION Transportation is a pre-condition for travel. It is a fundamental component of the tourism industry. Transport if frequently neglected in the analysis of tourism, often being relegated to a passive element of the tourist experience.

5. TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005 EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne Transportation links the various destinations and ferries people, goods, and services. Tourism is all about travel; and the role of transportation in its operation is vital.

6. TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005 EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne Transportation is an integral part of the tourism industry. It is largely due to the improvement of transportation that tourism has expanded.

7. TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005 EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne The advent of flight has shrunk the world, and the motor vehicle has made travel to anywhere possible. This reality coupled with changing work patterns and innovative marketing has driven international mass tourism through the years.

8. 11/14/12 TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005 EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne

9. 11/14/12 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Transport for Tourism Transport as Tourism

10. LAND BASED TRANSPORT http://www.slideshare.net/altheamurielpineda/land based-transport-governance-in-the-philippines- focus-on-metro-manila

11. LAND BASED TRANSPORT The Car

12. Rail Travel

13. Cycling

14. On Foot

15. Other References: 1. Land based Transport http://www.slideshare.net/altheamurielpineda/landbased- transport-governance-in-the-philippines-focus-on-metro- manila 2. Railways http://www.mb.com.ph/government-readies-plan-for-6-b- north-south-commuter-rail-project/Rail system http://www.mb.com.ph/government-readies-plan-for-6-b- north-south-commuter-rail-project/ http://www.urbanrail.net/as/mani/manila.htm http://www.pnr.gov.ph/

16. WATER-BASED TRANSPORT Cruising

17. Ferries

18. Pleasure Craft

19. AIR TRANSPORT Scheduled airlines offer a safe, convenient, reliable, frequent and relatively consumer oriented product. Airlines attract business travelers who appreciate the speed and flexibility between various flights, especially on popular routes as well as leisure passengers who enjoy the ability or arrive quickly and without spending time and money en route.

20. AIR TRANSPORT

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22. AIRLINES Scheduled airline: operate on the basis of their published rates.

23. 11/14/12 Charter services: do not operate according to published timetables, nor are they advertised or promoted by the airlines themselves.

24. 11/14/12 Air taxi services: privately chartered aircraft accommodating between 4 to 18 people, used particularly by business travelers.

25. THE SUCCESS OF LOW COST CARRIERS • Operation from secondary airports at major cities or from regional airports • Standardized fleet, initially of one aircraft type • Maximized aircraft capacity • Minimized in-flight costs • Reduce sales and distribution cost

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27. POLITICAL INFLUENCES Border Control

28. 11/14/12 The need for visa and transit visa Please Read http://www.rappler.com/business/special-report/world-economic-forum/58485-asean- common-visa-world-economic-forum

29. 11/14/12 Custom Control Source: https://philippines.visahq.com/customs/

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31. 11/14/12 The Philippines is using e-passport now because we want to keep up with the world standards of travel documents. Unlike the MRP which only has the minimum ICAO standards in travel documents, the ePassport is the world standard in travel documents. As an ICAO member, the Philippines is obligated to improve the security of its travel documents. By issuing of e-passports, the Philippines is giving its citizens a world-class consular service. Other countries will also honor and accept this kind of passport because of the biometric technology. More than 60 countries all over the world are already using e-passports. Government Regulations

32. Please Read these Sources: http://www.ofwguide.com/article_item-1192/What-You-Need-to-Know-About-the-E-Passport.html http://www.philstar.com/pinoy-worldwide/2013/12/27/1272506/dfa-old-passports-phased-out-2015

33. GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION OF PNOY: NEDA identified the following measures to improve the country’s market access and connectivity: 1. Renegotiate air service agreements 2. Reduce foreign carrier operation costs in the Phils. 3. Simplify border formalities / procedures for key growth markets 4. Upgrade secondary international airports; and 5. Improve sea and road transportation services

34. GOVERNMENT REGULATION: Passenger Bill of Rights 1. Offloaded Baggage 2. Overbooked Flights

35. GOVERNMENT REGULATION: Passenger Bill of Rights 3. Airline Promotions 4. Check-in

36. Please check out these other sources: http://www.gov.ph/summary-of-the-rights-of-air-passengers/ http://www.rappler.com/business/17691-air-passenger-right-bill-out-in-time-for- christmas-traffic GOVERNMENT REGULATION: Passenger Bill of Rights 3. Flight Cancellations 4. Flight Delays

37. FUTURE TRENDS • Efficiency • Globalization and integration • Environment policies

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40. Climate change and alternative future transport When thinking of the warming of the planet, the erratic weather patterns and the natural disasters that will likely occur and are occurring already, we can describe global climate change as one of the worst disasters to hit the humanity. Furthermore, destinations should expect climate change to have an impact on tourists’ purchasing trends. We will gradually see new means of transport gaining ground to the detriment of air traffic: Will tourists be willing to fly across the ocean if they consider the carbon footprint of their flights? Travelers may opt for journeys made by train, boat or coaches especially that these modes are nowadays offering more comfort, great web accessibility and timetables suitability. In addition, shorter trips within the same continent or the same geographical region will more likely outweigh the long ones.

41. Please Read 1. About airline deregulation in Asia found in “The Heavens Are Not Free” Chapter 3 ASEAN Coming Together in the Skies page 58 – 73 SOURCE: http://www.helvidius.org/wp- content/uploads/2014/06/Airline-Deregulation.pdf 2. Air traffic/service agreements http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/international/bil ateral_system.aspx http://www.routesonline.com/news/29/breaking- news/240567/revised-air-service-agreement-opens- door-to-more-flights-between-japan-and-philippines/ 3. On Rethinking the Role of Transportation in Tourism http://www.easts.info/on-line/proceedings_05/1767.pdf /#.VIZpbjGUdqV

42. Please Read 5. On unique Filipino modes of transportation http://www.tripsiders.com/blog/10-unique-modes- transportation-philippines/#.VIZpbjGUdqV 6. On sustainable tourism transportation http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=st- PAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA269&lpg=PA269&dq=sustainable+tourism+transportat ion&source=bl&ots=l0KI1Js__1&sig=L5Hk8JkTlcBwDCweVQwqHdE9zyg& hl=en&sa=X&ei=KRKDVO6LCcPVoATQwoJQ&ved=0CGwQ6AEwCTgK#v =onepage&q=sustainable%20tourism%20transportation&f=false http://www.sewta.gov.uk/uploads/documents/107/original/Sustainable_Tran sport_within_Tourism_-_July_2012.pdf?1349968257 7. On Bike Tourism http://bicycletouringpro.com/blog/history-of-bicycle- touring/

43. 11/14/12 Please Read 8. On Defunct Airlines in the Philippines https://airlinenewsphilippines.wordpress.com/defunct-airlines-in- ph/ 9. List of airports https://airlinenewsphilippines.wordpress.com/xxx/ 10. The government’s economic policy under PNOy http://www.iiss.org/en/events/events/archive/2014-0f13/february- e91c/fullerton-lecture-purisima-3d1d

44. AIR-BASED TRANSPORTATION SOURCES: COMMERCIAL FLIGHT HISTORY: http://www.space.com/16657- worlds-first-commercial-airline-the-greatest-moments-in- flight.html COMMERCIAL FLIGHT TIMELINE: http://www.burnsmcd.com/Aviation-Special- Report/Article/Timeline-of-Commercial-Aviation ICAO LIST OF AIRLINES AND THEIR OWNERSHIP http://www.icao.int/sustainability/Documents/PrivatizedAirlines. pdf