2. Smoking
Smoking is a practice in which a
substance, most commonly tobacco, is
burned and the smoke is tasted or inhaled.
This is primarily practiced as a route of
administration for recreational drug use, as
combustion releases the active substances
in drugs such as nicotine and makes them
available for absorption through the lungs.
It can also be done as a part of rituals, to
induce trances and spiritual enlightenment.
3. History
The history of smoking dates back to as early
as 5000 BC in shamanistic rituals. Many
ancient civilizations, such as the Babylonians,
Indians and Chinese, burnt incense as a part
of religious rituals, as did the Israelites and the
later Catholic and Orthodox Christian
churches. Smoking in the Americas probably
had its origins in the incense-burning
ceremonies of shamans but was later adopted
for pleasure, or as a social tool. The smoking
of tobacco, as well as various hallucinogenic
drugs was used to achieve trances and to
come into contact with the spirit world.
5. LUNG CANCER
Lung cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell
growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can
spread beyond the lung in a process called metastasis into
nearby tissue or other parts of the body. Most cancers that
start in lung, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas
that derive from epithelial cells. The most common cause of
lung cancer is long-term exposure to tobacco smoke, which
causes 80–90% of lung cancers.
6. GANGRENE
Gangrene is a serious and potentially life-threatening
condition that arises when a considerable mass of body
tissue dies (necrosis). This may occur after an injury or
infection, or in people suffering from any chronic health
problem affecting blood circulation. The primary cause of
gangrene is reduced blood supply to the affected tissues,
which results in cell death. Diabetes and long-term smoking
increase the risk of suffering from gangrene.
7. NECK CANCER
Head and neck cancer refers to a group of biologically
similar cancers that start in the lip, oral cavity (mouth), nasal
cavity (inside the nose), par nasal sinuses, pharynx, and
larynx. 90% of head and neck cancers are squamous cell
carcinomas (SCCHN), originating from the mucosal lining
(epithelium) of these regions. Head and neck cancers often
spread to the lymph nodes of the neck, and this is often the
first (and sometimes only) sign of the disease at the time of
diagnosis.
8. HEART DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease (also called heart disease) is a
class of diseases that involve the heart, the blood vessels
(arteries, capillaries, and veins) or both. Cardiovascular
disease refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular
system, principally cardiac disease, vascular diseases of the
brain and kidney, and peripheral arterial disease. The causes
of cardiovascular disease are diverse but atherosclerosis
and/or hypertension are the most common. There is
therefore increased emphasis on preventing atherosclerosis
by modifying risk factors, such as healthy eating, exercise,
and avoidance of smoking.
