A small introduction to the topic Complication of Respiratory tracyt infections

1. Complications of
Respiratory tract infections
AKSHAYA M
PHARM D
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2. COMMON COLD
• Cold sinus infection(sinusitis):inflammation of
the mucus membrane that line the sinus
cavity more mucus secretion
blockage of sinus cavity
head ache upper tooth ache cough
• Asthma attack: asthma attack may occur in
the patient with asthma and cold
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3. • PHARYNGITIS
• Ear infection
• Sinusitis
• Abscess near the tonsil
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4. SINUSITIS
• Abscess(increased pus in the body)
• Meningitis
• Osteomyelitis(infection to the bone)
• Orbital cellulitis(skin infection around the
eye)
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5. CYSTIC FIBROSIS
• Pneumothorax(build up of air flow between
the lung and chest wall causes the lung to
collapse)
• Pulmonory HTN
• Bronchiectasis(enlarged damaged airway)
• Coughing up blood
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6. OTITIS MEDIA
• Mastoiditis(infection of the mastoid space)
• Meningitis
• Bacteremia
• Speech and language impairment
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7. THE FLU
• The most common complication of flu is a sec
ondary bacterial chest infection which develo
ps in addition to
the viral infection. Occasionally, this can beco
me serious and develop into pneumonia.
• Other serious complications of flu are uncom
mon.
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8. PNEUMONIA
• PLEURISY
Pleurisy is the
condition when the two thin linings between the lungs and your rib
cage become inflamed.
• PLEURITIC PAIN
which is a sharp, stabbing pain in the
chest that occurs in one place when you breathe in.
This can also be a symptom of pleurisy.
• PLEURAL EFFUSION
fluid can build up in the space between
the lungs and the wall of the chest. This is known
as a pleural effusion. If this fluid becomes infected (empyema), it will
usually be drained using a needle or a thin tube.
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9. Other complications of pneumonia can include:
• deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ,lung abscess
blood infection, such as septicaemia or bacteraemia
Blood infections can make you very ill and normally
need to be treated in hospital.
Rarely, pneumococcal pneumonia can cause an infec
tion of the membranes that cover the brain
(pneumococcal meningitis).
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10. ASTHMA
• life style disruption
a. chronic lack of sleep impedes the ability to function
properly @ work and school
b. decreased physical activity may leads to psychological stress
and depression
• Air way remodelling
asthma causes chronic inflammation of the airway ,if it is not
treated properly leads to permanent structural changes in the
airways
• Death
severe asthma attack constrict the airway
respiratory failure
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11. COPD
• Respiratoy infection
COPD patients are more susceptible to cold ,flu and pneumonia,any
infection leads to breathlessness and further damage to lung tissue
• Pumonory HTN
high BP in the arteries that bring blood to your lung
• Heart problems
increased risk of heart diseases
• Lung cancer
Smoker with chronic bronchitis have greater risk of developing lung
cancer than do smokers who don’t have chronic bronchitis
• Depression
decreased physical activity leads to stress and depression
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12. • CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
• severe Dyspnea
• Pneumonia
• Respiratory depression
• Corpulmonale :enlargement and weakness of
right heart ventricle due to lung disease
• Pneumothorax :collection of air or gas in lung
causing lung collapse
• COPD
• EMPHYSEMA
• DEATH
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13. • BRONCHIOLITIS
• Cyanosis :due to lack of oxygen-lip ,skin
appears blue in colour
• APNEA (long pauses in breathing) in youngest
infants
• Dehydration
• Fatique
• Respiratory failure
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14. Drug therapy
• Paracetamol ( fever)
• NSAIDs - Ibuprofen( body pain and fever)
• Anti histamines – diphenhydramine ( nasal secretion)
• Nasal ipratropium ( diminish nasal secretion)
• Antitussives -dexomethorphan,codeine ( cough)
• Honey ( cough)
• Dexamethasone and Prednisone – oral/nasal
( inflammation of the airway passage and swelling and
congestion)
• Decongestants - psudoephedrine, phenylephrine
( nasal congestion)
• Antibiotics
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