Transatlantic Slave Trade Negatives

Transatlantic Slave Trade Negatives
The transatlantic slave trade had both negative and positive outcomes on both the slaves and the
European settlers that acquired them. It is true that the Americas would not have been built without
forced immigration of slave trading. But because it was lucrative and convenient, the Europeans and
other nations enabled this behavior for over 500 years. Because of the decision to maintain free
labor and enforce slavery the African people suffered physical mistreatment, cultural oppression and
a decrease in their population.
The slaves were mistreated in many ways. It began first with the Middle passage where Africans
were separated from their homeland and crammed onto ships for more than 2 months toward the
Americas. Before arriving to shore many slaves lost their lives in great numbers. Throughout the
middle passage at least a million died and eleven million survived().
According to Western Hertiage book, the slave ship would hold about 600 to 700 people, in which
they were cramped in a space smaller a childs coffin (495). In this crammed position it was hard to
even use the toilet buckets so that had to live in their own filth and the filth others.
There were many eye–witness accounts that endured this devastation across the Atlantic. In
particular, Olaudah Equiano in his novel expressed his experience on this ship:
The stench of the hold while we were on the coast was so intolerably loathsome, that it was
dangerous to remain there for any time, and some of us had
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Effects Of The Transatlantic Slave Trade
Europeans began infiltrating West Africa in the 1500's, a time where many various empires thrived.
The Portuguese forcibly took young men, women, and children to Cape Verde to work day–by–day
on a sugar plantation. The idea of slaves skyrocketed in popularity ever since. It gained traction in
the following centuries, gradually thinning out the West African population; however, the
Transatlantic Slave Trade, the trade that brought Ghanaians and many other ethnicities to the
Americas, caused a dramatic drop in population, gender ratios, and quality of life.
West Africa was considered to be the "Middle Passage" of the triangular trade routes. Europeans
would come to Africa bearing goods such as guns, wine, and textiles. They would demand slaves in
return. Most tribes complied due to their fear of the ruthlessness of the Europeans. Those who would
not go willingly would be forcibly removed from their homes. Strong men, women of childbearing
age, children, families, and even small villages were sacrificed in the name of the European's
demand.
From the various removals of Africans from their respective tribes and kingdoms, Europeans would
chain each of the soon–to–be–slaves to each other by the ankles. After they were chained tightly to
the point of no escape attempts, "africans were marched to the coast [for] a journey that could last
up to 300 miles" (Lewis). The marches lasted days, and would consist of little breaks for food and
sleep. On every march, about 10% of the

The Transatlantic Trade During The 1700s
Whether you are referring to early Israel in the Bible, the transatlantic trade during the 1600s,
modern times, slavery has found a way to rear its ugly head in one way or another. It would appear
that a person being a chattel to another person, as Merriam–Webster defines slavery, has been
around for practically an eternity. Not only has it been –and still is –present, but slavery has been
worldwide. No matter what type of slavery –forced labor, debt labor, sex slavery, or child slavery–
the topic has proven to be very controversial in history. For American history in particular, slavery is
one reason the Civil War began in 1861. In addition to the Civil War, multiple court cases have risen
from this culture of forced labor. Cases like ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One aspect that was not an uncertainty was the reason for Robert Newsom's purchase of Celia.
Newsom's wife had died for nearly a year by the time of Celia's purchase leaving him with his son
Harry and his two daughters Virginia, the eldest of the two, and Mary. Virginia "had probably
assumed the duties of mistress of the house upon her mother's death". With her "assuming the
responsibilities", "Newsom still lacked a wife" and a sexual partner (pg. 21). The sexual partner
Newsom so longed for was Celia's role as soon as Newsom purchased her. Celia was considered
both property and concubine (pg. 22). In fact, upon arrival from Audrain County, Robert Newsom
raped Celia (pg. 24). This act became an ongoing practice of Newsom. "Life for Celia would entail
continual sexual exploitation by her master. (pg. 25)" As time went on, Celia grew closer and
romantically involved with another slave named George (pg. 29). Aware of Celia's predicament with
Newsom, George grew jealous and insisted that Celia "break off her relationship with Newsom" (pg.
29). Because of George's demands and Newsom's frequent visits of sexual intercourse, Celia
pleaded with Newsom to leave her alone or she would hurt her. Disregarding Celia's request,
Newsom simply replied by saying "he was coming to her cabin that night" (pg. 34). Staying true to
his word, Newsom did go to Celia's cabin where he was struck once when he approached Celia. A
second blow was given when the man

The Transatlantic Slave Trade And The United States
My ancestors, along with many other African Americans living in society today are decedents of
African slaves. I can remember as far back as age 5 listening to the elders in my family talk about
slavery. The word slavery originated when millions of African men and women were forcible taken
from their families and the familiar surroundings of their African villages. Brought here to an
unfamiliar environment and forced to work on plantations in different parts of the United States,
usually from sun up to sun down. the transatlantic slave trade formally began in 1518, when King
Charles I of Spain sanctioned the direct importation of Africans to his colonies in the America. The
transatlantic slave trade became a lucrative international ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Whippings, executions, beatings, and rape. all of these were common humiliations suffered by
slaves. In reality, treatment of slaves ranged from mild to cruel and sadistic. Under slavery, slave–
owners, controlled, and sold entire families of slaves. Slave owners might decide to sell families or
family members for profit, as punishment, or to pay debts. Slave–owners also gave slaves away to
grown children or other family members as wedding gifts. Slave children were considered ready to
work and leave home once they were 12–14 years old. Darker–skinned slaves worked in the fields,
while lighter–skinned slaves worked as house servants and had better clothing, food, and housing.
Slaves were forbidding from reading or writing so they adopted a strong oral tradition of expression
through songs, prayers, music, and story–telling. This allowed many slaves to feel a sense of cultural
connection the home of their origin. this provided them a way of educate the younger generation on
the customs, cultures and traditions. Growing up in a multigenerational household that included
extended family members I learned how important that family/kinship bond is in providing moral
and psychological support to a child. Although, they were captured and forcibly brought to America
as slaves that did not prevent my ancestors from holding on to the religious practices that were
common in their homeland. The musical rhythms, drumming, shouting,

The Transatlantic Trade And Investment Partnership
Introduction: During the EU Parliamentary elections of May 2014, the Transatlantic Trade and
Investment Partnership (TTIP) came under much public scrutiny and has sparked a fierce debate on
the European Union competencies vis à vis member states competencies and increased the Euro–
skeptics' critiques of a "democratic deficit" within the EU. Advocates of TTIP claim that this trade
deal, if signed, would bring enormous benefits to both shores of the Atlantic, that it is a debt–free
economic stimulus to the stagnant European economy and it will set a "golden standard" for future
Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with third countries. Non–governmental organizations (NGOs) and
consumer protection activists fear that such a deal would lower domestic health, safety and
environmental standards. Anti–TTIP movements, united under the "stop–TTIP campaign"
throughout Europe, have been using many evocative images such as American chlorine–washed
chicken, hormone–treated meat, and genetically modified food, to explain their opposition to a
comprehensive trade agreement between the EU and the United States. With this paper, I intend to
analyze the possible impact that a TTIP agreement could have for the Italian agricultural sector,
what is at stake for it and what could be the limits to a successful agreement. My thesis is that the
Italian agricultural sector would greatly benefit from an EU–US trade agreement that would open
possibilities for economic growth without new burdens for

Introduction: Most nations are opting for treaties that will facilitate trade for their investing partners.
Consequently, it is not unusual to see agreements enacted to protect foreign investors through
international arbitrations. But the recent Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) to
facilitate trade between EU and the U.S. along with its ISDS inclusion is the kind of trade everyone
is questioning and has raised concerns. Despite that, negotiations are still undergoing to include
ISDS provisions in TTIP, is this, the type of agreement that will lead to a prosperous trade
agreement? Establishing a parallel alternative method of dispute resolution system or ISDS,
allowing private investors that are much representative of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
An overwhelming majority of Europeans has spoken out against ISDS. The Commission must take
their own consultation results seriously and immediately stop negotiations on TTIP." (Bar, 2014).
From the constitution, our governmental power should be founded by the people, for the people, but
we are seeing this power being shifted and founded by the corporation, for the corporation. Besides
monopolizing their specific industries, these corporations are pursuing this cut throat approach into
buying people's rights. Now it is up to us as a society to decide, whether we want our nation's voice
to come from the government created by the people or from the corporation owned by private
investors who bears little to the interest of the public society as a whole.
Threat to State Sovereignty: Giving Private Corporations, the right to bypass states laws, is a threat
for states to be able to freely develop future public policy. That undermines the interest of the states
and that of the population. That means member nations cannot make wise decisions for their
populations. ISDS provisions are damaging because, it allows private tribunal to overturn state
regulations and policies which are in place to protect the state and the populations. ISDS is being
used by corporations, to challenge unfounded corporate interest that are damaging to the society.
Abbott pointed, "If it sounds dystopian, that's because it is.

The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic Slave Trade was an organization of capturing and selling African slaves. This took
place in the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through the 19th century. Muslims constituted a
significant percentage of Africans that were brought to the Americas in servitude. Books such as
"Servant of Allah" and "The Prince Among Slave" describes and documented life of Muslim slaves
throughout the Transatlantic Slave Trade and also, show how Muslim slaves struggled , persisted,
and survived throughout early stages of slavery in America. The Muslim servants were the most
educated and resistant among slaves , they exerted a disproportionate influence on slave life in the
Americas. While many slave owners tried to strip many Muslim slaves of their culture, their way
prevailed and this helped them advance during the slave trade. Language, assimilation, and tenacity
are major factors that helped Muslim slaves in America, without these markers their success in the
new world would have not existed. The movie " Prince among Slaves" is centralized around the
theme that Muslim Africans persisted in the America and Caribbean's because of their educated
background, which allowed them to conform to American life, without losing their sense of home.
It has been well documented that Muslim slaves were systematically able to rise to high position due
to them learning new language and being well educated.In fact, when the Spanish brought the very
first Africans to the New World, they

Transatlantic Airlines report Essay
Executive summary
We have analyzed the existing booking policy of TransAtlantic Airlines and identified potential cost
saving.
The implementation of the suggested new booking policy would lead to reduction of total expected
costs per flight on average by £8,100.
Furthermore, the new policy would increase the predictability of total costs per flight. With 90%
confidence new costs will be in a range £750 and £4,800 as compared to the current range of £1,900
to £20,300. The comparative description of the policies is presented in table 1.
Analysis of existing policy quick fix
Base case model
The foundation of current policy is based on the analysis in table 1. We observe that the total costs
for both classes are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Quick look at the summary table helps us identify that the proposed quick fix is the least value
destructing policy out of three policies. It has the lowest mean of total costs, the lowest probability
of exceeding £10,000 as well as the narrowest range of the cost.
To be more assured, we have additionally conducted probability dominance analysis (figure 2),
which tells that both current and quick fix policy have deterministic dominance (always better) then
no overbooking policy (green line). Whereas the quick fix (blue line) has stochastic dominance over
currently employed policy (red line). The outcome of current policy maybe occasionally better than
our proposed solution, but in the majority of cases the quick fix policy will be better.
Figure 2 Probability dominance analysis
Policy optimization
In order to identify the optimal booking policy we have conducted simulation with 40 different
booking levels for business and economy. As these two variables are independent, we have
conducted consequential analysis. Results for business class level booking are in (figure 3). The

detailed information about tested values is in Appendix B.
Figure 3 Optimal booking policy
We have observed that the lowest expected value of total costs is achieved at 427 and 133 accepted
reservations for economy and business respectively. The comparison of current policy against new
policy can be found in table

Effects Of The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic slave trade, lasting for over four centuries, affected various groups of people in very
contrasting ways. It was the host of horrific, dehumanizing, and immoral experiences, but also of
economic gain, adventure, and business. It was the first time that slavery had been conducted a large
scale, and because it occurred during a time of need for manual labor on plantations, land owners
saw the potential purchasing of slaves as an opprintunity to upscale their businesses. Through the
perspectives of Olaudah Equiano, a captured African slave, Thomas Phillips, an English merchant,
and African King Affonso I, it is clear that the Europeans and Africans that took part in the
transatlantic slave trade had very different experiences and perceptions regarding the slave trade,
primarily because of a difference in power, a difference in background, and a difference in
technology.
A divide in power between groups of people can lead the group with more power to take advantage
of and undermine the group with less power. In regards to the Atlantic slave trade, this is quite
evident. While the slave trade took place, Europeans were far more powerful than Africans. At the
time, Europe was comprised of many militarily strong nations that had a history of conquering and
expanding, while Africa consisted of relatively small villages and no powerful nations capable of
defending or conquering as the Europeans did. "Equiano was seized from his home at the age of
eleven and sold into

Causes Of Transatlantic Slavery
Trans–Atlantic slavery in the 15th century was sparked by the growing hunger for money and
power, and was discouraged during the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. The ideologies of
Charles Darwin and Karl Marx help us understand and explain the reason for the rise and fall of this
type of slavery. Great Britain's capitalistic society, strengthened their drive to form colonies leading
to the exploitation of colonial people. The development of the slave trade started off with the
Portuguese in the 15th century who were looking to get around Muslims who had a monopoly on
the sub–Saharan trade in gold and spices. They exported small amounts of slaves to Europe where
they would work or serve in the cities. Near the end of the 15th century other countries became
interested in the profitable slave trade due to the agricultural growth of societies, this caused the
demand for slaves to increase. When we look at the impact the slave trade had on Africa we see that
African populations were greatly reduced during this era, and this stunted the growth of the country.
The slave trade caused raids and wars within Africa that brought about additional deaths and
established unstable communities within the country. Britain was able to make their daily lives
easier with the trade of slaves, it helped raise the standard of living, as well as emerge as the super
power of colonization. Great Britain at this time could be considered as the nation of subversion and
power, owning up to

Transatlantic Trade And Investment Partnership
In June 2013 the European Commission and the U.S. government have commenced negotiations for
the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), a proposed free trade agreement between
two of world's largest economic and political partners. If weathered through the political storms,
TTIP would replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) as the world's largest free
trade area, with a combined GDP of $31 trillion. Commonly eclipsed in the public mindset by the
zenith of the emerging markets, BRICS and especially China, U.S. investment in the Eurozone is
actually three times greater than in the whole of Asia, and the EU investment in the U.S. is an
overwhelming eight times greater than that in India and China combined! The U.S. and EU, aside
from the historic legacy of geopolitical cooperation, are the largest trading partners of most other
countries in the world and represent a third of world trade flows. What's at stake? According to the
Office of United States Trade Representative's report, TTIP would result in the annual EU GDP
growth of 68 to 119 billion euros and U.S. GDP growth of 50 to 95 billion euros by 2027. If shared
equally among the affected populations, this growth would hypothetically translate into additional
annual disposable income for a family of four of 545 euros in the Eurozone and 655 euros in the
U.S. respectively. Once fully implemented, TTIP is expected to increase economic and labour
productivity to

Transatlantic Slave Trade Research Paper
The transatlantic slave trade impacted the lives of enslaved African's negatively by the people
becoming unhealthy, losing their culture and the loss of freedom. Becoming malnourished leads to
poor health; helps sickness to spread into your family, and may help you to reach the end of your
life. The transatlantic slave trade also impacted a great amount of people through loss of culture,
loss of identity, stories, information and architecture. Another huge thing that affected the people in
the transatlantic slave trade was their freedom and how valuable it was. Freedom played a big part in
the transatlantic slave trade because of the loss of housing, families, friends and not being able to be
educated. (Unesco, Culture page 1) This lead to No one should ever forget that nourishment was and
still is important. Many people were undernourished and could not have the nourishment that they
needed because of the transatlantic slave trade. Malnourishment was caused by lack of food and
water. Food was a very big problem for the slaves and even the captains. The captains thought that
food was too expensive, and tried to buy as little ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Riches and Misery page 1). The African's spent a lot of their time gathering money and building
relationships, only to be torn away from their families and stripped of the opportunity of education
and schooling. (Capture and Enslavement) African's had no entitlement to life and had nowhere to
go unless they were ordered to do something. As the slaves said, "we work until we can see until we
can't see", which was representing the Sunrise till the sunset. This means that the African's were
working all day, picking cotton, harvesting sugar cane, planting and collecting rice, growing and
harvesting coffee; they also built things like houses, railroads, and they used to repair

Analysis Of Katherine Mckittrick 's ' The Transatlantic...
Throughout time there have been different episodes where history has been made when it comes to
racialized bodies. There are negative impacts that people have been suffering with due to
colonialism, racism, and violence. Unfortunately, there are people who are choosing either to forget
about history or ignore the major incidents that people of other races were subjected to. It is
interesting how when you look closer at history it provides a clear explanation about issues that have
been happening in today's world.
Katherine McKittrick's article goes back to "transatlantic slavery" and how this important historical
event negatively impacted the lives of black bodies throughout history. Because of this occurrence,
white bodies use 'power ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout the article, the author looks at the historical events in the US as they relate to how
history has impacted the geographic location of black bodies within the cities and how this impacts
their lives. McKittrick focuses on how these events normalize 'racial violence' and create the
aforementioned binary. Clearly, people who were 'with' were the white people in power supporting
each other and continued black slavery and the plantation economy. Obviously, the people who were
placed in the 'without' category were black bodies – they were the main focal point of white people.
Furthermore, this binary not only created a visible and economic difference, but it also reinforced
violence against black bodies, who were the ones who suffered a negative impact that is still visible
in today's society. She also talks about urbicide, the events and destruction of certain cities, and how
that causes white supremacy and/or relocation because of the more Westernized ideas that results
from that (i.e., increased incarceration, deportations, urban crises, etc.) (McKittrick, 2011, p. 951).
McKittrick looks at all of this through the history of colonialisms, racism, urbacide, slavery, and
white supremacy. Here, she tries to identify the limitations that racialized bodies have because of
these experiences, and how it is now difficult for them to step outside of the stereotypes; these
events limit them from stepping outside of this box that has been created.

The Contributions Of The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place in the Atlantic Ocean starting in the
15 th century all of the way through the 19 th century. The majority of the people that contributed to
the trade route were enslaved African American people. The South Atlantic and
Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, making goods, and clothing to
sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New
World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th
centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires. The Portuguese were the first
people to engage in the new slave trade in the 16 th century, they also set out many different
expeditions to explore the oceans south of Portuguese.
In the transatlantic slave trade many different slaves were forced to be in the trade. Some of the
different ethnic groups that participated in this are Portuguese, British America, Spanish
Empire, French, British, Dutch, and Danish. The slave trade first came about when the new contacts
between the "old word" which is Eurasia and Africa and "new world" which is North
America and South America. For many years the strong tidal wave made travel by sea hard because
the ships then weren't as strong as the ships we now have today. This made communication between
the continents particularly hard to do. Slavery was practiced in some parts of Africa, Europe, Asia,
and the Americas for many centuries

The Impact Of The Transatlantic Slavery On Liverpool
The Impact of Slavery on Liverpool
The transatlantic slave trade was undisputedly an imperative part of English history, and furthermore
an essential foundation in shaping social structures and economies. This was perhaps most notable
in the city of Liverpool; a city, whose input into the slave trade managed to transcend it from a small
fishing town to one of the most renowned cities in the country. This essay will explore and
contextualise the transnational slave trade within Liverpool and its various intricacies; addressing
both the social and economic factors of the use of slavery along with, inevitably, its abolition. The
essay will utilise and inspect a variety of sources cited from various eras, each providing a unique
perspective that can be both explored, and applied in a wider context to Liverpool's society and
relevant ideologies, ergo addressing the question of the impact that slavery had unto the city of
Liverpool.
Context to the Transatlantic Slave Trade and How it was Integrated into Liverpool:
The transatlantic slave trade was integrated into England amid the 16th century (with the first
occurrence of the trade taking place in 1563.), where it began to develop as one of the country's
most lucrative trades. Nowhere was this more evident than in the case of Liverpool, a city that
ascended into prosperity from the spoils of the triangular trade.
One of the first instances of English slaving voyagers was that of John Hawkins, a Plymouth
merchant who led some of

The Transatlantic Trade Investment Programme
1. Introduction This report presents information on the Single European Market since its setting up
in 1986 as an amendment of the Treaty of Rome, and the Single European Act (SEA) signed in
1987, which came into effect in 1992. It also covers how the internal market works. Moreover, it
will analyse its successes, failures and recent changes. Finally, it will address the future prospects
for expansion, further development in the relation to the Transatlantic Trade Investment Programme
(TTIP) and UK membership. 2. The setting of the Single European Market and its workings EU
integration is political as well as economic. The single market is a project to create free trade within
EU members into a single economy. The Treaty of Rome set ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
At present, The EU is the world's most economically potent internal market (See appendix 1). Non–
EU countries from within the wider European Economic Area are required to pay the Common
Custom Tariff. The internal market is regulated by the Commission and it has authority over a range
of areas of economic policy. Its regulations are passed down to national governments via directives
that are then adopted into national law. The Commission has implanted many regulations such as on
working hours. Those regulations need a amount of bureaucracy but also have a significant role in
ensuring fair competition between European companies. For example the EU Commission fined 17
bathroom equipment makers €622 million for price–fixing in 2010. 3. Successes A. Goods –
Eliminating tariff barriers promote intra–EU trade, creates new job and aids business. Thus, it
develops a superior global position. Intra–EU trade is now greater external trade from the EU. For
instance, some countries in North Europe do 70 % of their exports to the EU (See appendix 2).
Around 54% of private sector companies in manufacturing experienced a positive impact on their
total sales, mainly on the back of higher intra–EU exports. Benefits were created by the lower costs
and removal trade barriers. Furthermore, exports to non–EU countries also rose. For instance,
companies within Netherland, Spain and Italy experienced increased business

The two majors drivers that led to the transatlantic slave trade was the European desire for the
agricultural products of the Americas and the need for laborers to work the land in the Americas. All
participants, besides for the slaves, benefited from the trading.
The transatlantic slave trade, or the triangular slave trade, was a trade route between Europe, Africa,
and the Americas. The English desire for raw goods and agricultural materials was a result of their
strong economic policy of mercantilism. In 1650, the British pursued the policy of mercantilism in
international trade. Mercantilism is the idea, that in order to strengthen economically strength, a
nation must export more than import. To achieve this balance, the regulatory laws were passed. The
regulatory laws created a system whereby Americans would provide raw materials to Britain, and
Britain then produced manufactured goods that were sold in European markets and in the colonies.
Between 1651 and 1673, four Navigation Acts were passed. The Navigation Acts stated that only
English ships could carry items between imperial ports. Also, goods like rice, furs, and tobacco,
could not be shipped to other nations except through Scotland or England. A third rule was that the
Americans who produced raw goods would be paid bounties. However, protectionist tariffs were
raised on these goods produced in other places. Finally, Americans were not allowed to compete
with English manufacturers. Mercantilism was the English

Impact Of The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The transatlantic slave trade played a pivotal role in European nations and greatly impacted the
economy financially. The transatlantic slave trade also known as the triangular trade was the
network of three continents where men, women and children of African background were enslaved
and deported from their homes. The trade itself had three steps. Ships with goods left Western
Europe to leave to Africa where they exchanged them for slaves. Goods would include of weapons,
gunpowder, textile pearls and other manufactured goods. Exchange of these goods for slaves could
take a week to several months. Then Africans were transferred to America where they were sold
there for goods including rice, tobacco and cotton. This trade route has been ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Which resulted in the majority of slaves employed in the sugar district. Plantations like sugar, cotton
and coffee were labour intensive and required slaves which advantaged Europe as more cheap
labour would be more goods that could be sold into the marketplace.
Due to the end of the slave trade, the Europeans had insignificant hurdles to overcome as slavery
played a crucial role to the economy to the local regions. Midst the 18th Century, slaves were an
essential asset of agricultural products as they were the main source of labourers. Due to the end of
the slave trade costs in production increased which derived for a higher cost for the same goods in
the market. (Anstey 1975,p.34) This heavily impacted Europe as slavery played a central role in the
prosperity of economy which made things difficult in Europe.
The Slave trade also affected the British economy in an number of ways. (Hardy 2006) The cotton
mills in Britain where the trademark of the "industrial revolution" which turned to cheap slave
produced cotton from the New world as it was hard to purchase at the same price anywhere else.
The British were also able to attain sugar through cheap slave produced goods. The British economy
was able to expand due to the profits of the slave trade. Other factors that also impacted the British
economy was the advancement in technology, agriculture, textile and the stability of political
institutions. "It

Transatlantic Slave Trade
From the seventeenth century on slaves became the focus of trade between Europe and Africa.
Europe's conquest and colonization of North and South America and the Caribbean islands from the
fifteenth century onward created an insatiable demand for African laborers, who were deemed more
fit to work in the tropical conditions of the New World. The amount of slaves took across the
Atlantic Ocean slowly grew, from around 5,000 slaves a year in the sixteenth century to more than
100,000 slaves a year by the eighteenth century.
"Changing political circumstances and trade alliances in Africa led to changes in the geographic
origins of slaves throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Slaves were generally the
unfortunate victims of territorial expansion by imperialist African states or of raids led by predatory
local strongmen, and various populations found themselves captured and sold as different regional
powers came to prominence." Weapons , which were very often exchanged for slaves, increased the
level of fighting by giving military strength to previously polities. "A nineteenth–century tobacco
pipe from the Democratic Republic of Congo or Angola demonstrates the degree to which warfare,
the slave trade, and elite arts were intertwined at this time." Also "The pipe itself was the prerogative
of wealthy and powerful individuals who could afford expensive imported tobacco, generally by
trading slaves, while the rifle form makes clear how such

Mending the Transatlantic Rift Essay
Mending the Transatlantic Rift
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 ushered in an era of dramatic change for foreign policy
and the international system. Most obviously, the United States' sense of invulnerability eroded as an
acute awareness to the perils of terrorism gripped the American public. In American foreign policy,
the dominant paradigms evolved. Whereas the Cold War notion of the centrality of powerful nation–
states had helped order the Bush administration's outlook before the attacks, the new paradigms
explicitly accounted for the importance of non–state actors and rogue regimes as the salient
elements of American foreign policy. In emphasizing rogue states, President George W. Bush
focused on regime change in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Established as a Cold War–era counterweight to Soviet power, NATO is characterized by its
"commitment to democratic values and practices that, along with its unique, integrated military
structure, sustains it even at times when its members' short–term strategic calculations diverge."
(Hunter) In theory, then, the bonds between the United States and Europe should be close and
enduring. Indeed, the interests of the two entities have largely converged throughout NATO's half
century history despite occasional differences.
A rift has emerged in this alliance in the aftermath of the attacks of September11, 2002 that analysts
characterize as "unprecedented in its scope, intensity, and, at times, pettiness." (Asmus) Immediately
after the attacks, Europe coalesced in support for the United States as sympathy for Americans
dominated public opinion. The goodwill evaporated quickly, however, when it became clear that the
United States planned to use the altered geopolitical landscape as one of the justifications for a
preemptive war to displace Saddam Hussein's dictatorial

The Rise Of The Transatlantic Slave Trade
Second Exam / Essay 1 The rise of the Transatlantic Slave Trade started with the helpless souls of
Africans. Many people of this time would classify slavery as a natural order, state, or fate. They
believed that people were either born as a slave or would later become one because it was their
predetermined destiny or fate. Later, world cultures regarded POW's as a natural state. POW stands
for Prisoners of War, and is defined as a person who is captured and held by an enemy during war,
especially a member of the armed forces. Slavery in Africa was an ancient market, it was a thousand
years old. In Africa, the concept of wealth and property were defined by two things: people and
cattle. The concept of wealth and property in Europe were defined by gold and land. People would
associate African people as property because they would tend to generate wealth. The Africans were
employed in many ways: as servants, concubines, soldiers, administrators, and field workers. The
individuals were not only used to produce food for the colonies but were also the ones put to work
to supply any other demand. It was apparent that countless Africans did not have the right to do
anything as they pleased. They lives of these individuals were held at the owner's discretion; the will
to have an opposition was nonexistent, and each and every command was expected to be fulfilled
when coming from their owners. These owners were the individuals that quite simply decided the
fate of these prisoners.

Existing from 16th to the 19th centuries.
The atlantic slave trade also known as the Transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by
slave traders of enslaved african people, mainly from africa to the americas,and then their sale there.
The slave trade used mainly the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage. existed from 16th to
the 19th centuries.The development of colonies created by European countries is one of the main
causes of the trade. There was a demand for many labourers for the sugar, tobacco, and cotton
plantations in America.The reason why they didn't just hire people , is because paid labor was too
expensive, and indigenous people had been largely wiped out by disease and conflict, for this reason
the colonies turned to Africa to provide cheap labour in the form of slaves.
The first shipment of slaves was from West Africa to the Americas,across the Atlantic ocean, this
took place in the early 1500s.Slaves were now being sold by European, Arab, and African
merchants. While Europeans purchased large numbers of Africans, and sent them far away to work
in colonies they aren't the only responsible ones for the slave trade. Africans were not strangers to
the slave trade or to keeping of slaves.Africans bear some responsibility themselves, some African
societies had their own slaves long before trade. The Africans cooperated with Europeans to sell
other Africans into slavery, Europeans relied on African merchants as well as soldiers and rulers to
get

Introduction: Many nations are opting for treaties that will facilitate trade for their investing
partners. Consequently, it is not unusual to see agreements enacted to protect foreign investors
through an independent international law system and arbitration to free these investors from local
judicial pressure. But the recent Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) to facilitate
trade between the EU and the U.S. along with its ISDS inclusion is the kind of trade everyone is
questioning and has raised concerns. Despite that, negotiations are still undergoing to include ISDS
provisions in TTIP. Is this, the type of agreement that will lead to a prosperous trade agreement?
Establishing a parallel alternative method of dispute resolution system or ISDS, allowing private
investors that are much representative of large corporations to bypass our local laws through private
tribunals is a threat to our society, our public system, our democracy, therefore a threat to the
establishment of our public policies. It is time to stop this manipulative agreement. In the next
paragraphs, I will give my views as to why ISDS negotiations should be suspended by all means and
why it is an impediment to the foundation of our constitutional rights as well as the mandated
judicial system in place to promote the well–being of our society. Obstructing our democracy: ISDS
provisions are enacted for the sole purpose of getting around, our democratic system. How can it be
right for our

Transatlantic Slave Trade
There has always been a great debate on why the British Parliament chose to abolish the slave trade,
after all, this was the richest part of Britain's trade in the 18th century. Most importantly, Britain
benefited immensely from the Transatlantic Slave Trade as it was extensive and flooded into the
country bringing wealth which established newly funded industries. However, there were multiple
humanitarian and economic factors that were responsible for the abolition of the transatlantic slave
trade and the effect it had on the economic and political stability of Britain and West Africa in the
nineteenth century. By the 18th century, the abolitionist movement and the anti–slavery sentiment
among the British population rose significantly, with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although this may have been considered a minor or infinitesimal role, it was the humanitarian goals
that inspired the anti–slavery sentiment among the British population. Which eventually influenced
Britain capitalist to think clearly about the economic factors that made it possible to abolish
transatlantic

Transatlantic Declaration, New Transatlantic Agenda, And...
The United States has formally maintained diplomatic relations with the European community since
1947 when the US and many European states were founding signers of the General Agreement on
Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The agreement was designed to provide an international forum that
encouraged free trade between member states by regulating and reducing tariffs on traded goods and
by providing a common mechanism for resolving trade disputes. The WTO replaced GATT as the
organization overseeing the multilateral trading system in 1994, and now consists of 144 member
states. There are three recent landmarks observed by the European Commission: the Transatlantic
Declaration, New Transatlantic Agenda, and the Transatlantic Economic Partnership. In 1990 the
Transatlantic Declaration was adopted, laying down the principles for greater EU/US consultation
and cooperation in the fields of economy, education, science, and culture. In 1995 the New
Transatlantic Agenda (NTA) and the EU/US Joint Action Plan were adopted, providing a framework
for partnership under four platforms: promoting peace, stability, democracy and development
around the world; responding to changes; contributing to the expansion of world trade and fostering
closer ties; building bridges across the Atlantic Ocean. The Transatlantic Economic Partnership
(TEP) was formed in 1998 to tackle technical barriers to trade and stimulate multilateral
liberalization. This is to be done by integrating labor, business,

In our past class we had discussion about Britain's role in the transatlantic slave trade and its
abolition. For me, discussing this topic made me realize that events of transatlantic slavery have
widespread consequences in modern society now. Plantation owners often amassed large fortunes
due to how much they could grow, of products such as sugar, tobacco, cotton, and indigo dye. This
also had to do with the obvious fact that they saved enormous cost by using slaves instead of paying
for workers. The fact that the average wealth of a British citizen was £42 in Britain, but in Jamaica
the average wealth of a British citizen was £2000. Another example of this wealth is the existence of
country houses which were lavish and a major class/status

Introduction: Many nations are opting for treaties that will facilitate trade for their investing
partners. Consequently, it is not unusual to see agreements enacted to protect foreign investors
through an independent international law system and arbitration to free these investors from local
judicial pressure. But the recent Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) to facilitate
trade between the EU and the U.S. along with its ISDS inclusion is the kind of trade everyone is
questioning and has raised concerns. Despite that, negotiations are still undergoing to include ISDS
provisions in TTIP. Is this, the type of agreement that will lead to a prosperous trade agreement?
Establishing a parallel alternative method of dispute ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ISDS is dangerous for democracy, our environment, consumer protection and other important
standards. An overwhelming majority of Europeans has spoken out against ISDS. The Commission
must take their own consultation results seriously and immediately stop negotiations on TTIP." (Bar,
2014). From the constitution, a nation's power should be founded by the people, for the people, but
we are seeing this power being shifted and founded by the corporation, for the corporation. Besides
monopolizing their specific industries, these corporations are pursuing this cut throat approach into
buying people's rights. Now it is up to us as a society to decide, whether we want our nation's voice
to come from the government created for the people or from the corporation owned by private
investors who bears little to the interest of the public society as a whole.
Threat to State Sovereignty: Giving Private Corporations, the right to bypass state laws, is a threat
for states to be able to freely develop future public policies. That undermines the interest of the
states and that of the population. That means member nations cannot make wise decisions for their
populations. ISDS mechanism is damaging because, it allows the private tribunal to overturn state
regulations and policies which are in place to protect the state and the populations. ISDS is being
used by corporations, to challenge unfounded corporate interests that are

The Transatlantic Time: The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic time was actually the Atlantic slave trade that took place across the Atlantic Ocean
from the 16th through the 19th centuries. The search for new trade routes, the rise of merchant
capitalism, and the desire to exploit the potential of a global economy initiated the European age of
discovery. European exploration and colonization frequently had disastrous results for the
indigenous peoples. The transatlantic discord that has emerged since the late 1990s marked a
historical breakpoint not a temporary one. During the first stage between the US and European,
transatlantic relations were guided by balance of power logic. The order in the Atlantic was one of
the militarized rivalries, with the major countries. America steered

Summary: The Transatlantic Slave Trade
A white male with a criminal record is 5% more likely to get a job than an equally qualified person
of color with a clean record. A white male with a criminal record is 5% more likely to get a job than
an equally qualified person of color with a clean record. This is just one kind of racism that people
of color face on a regular basis. How about the fact that white people are 78% more likely to be
accepted to the same university as an equally qualified person of color. This, again, is everyday
racism. Racial prejudice can easily be traced back to The Transatlantic Slave Trade. The
Transatlantic Slave Trade is primarily known as the reason behind the forced migration of between
12 – 15 million people from Africa to the Americas from the middle of the 1400's to the mid 1800's.
The Slave Trade not only led to the violent and unjust transport of millions of Africans, but also to
the demise of many more. The Slave Trade is responsible for the development of a mindset, bent on
racial superiority, racial group stigmatization, and the utilization of many racially–based stereotypes
that still plague modern America.
Though maybe one of the most direct connections to make, during the slave trade, white, Christian
slave owners would think of their slaves as less than human, or inferior, to hide their ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
eugenicists. Margaret Sanger, creator of the American Birth Control League ( originally, an
organization centered around the basic ideology of eugenics), looked on fondly as Hitler and
Mussolini spread their ethnic cleansing and terror, calling it a general "cleansing of the race". She
couldn't have possibly foreseen the ways in which her idealistic dream could be perverted and used
as justification for the mass executions and genocides that took place during World War II. But it

The Transatlantic Slave Trade And Africa
In the last two decades, scholars have analyzed and debated the transatlantic slave trade and this
eventually transformed the field of Atlantic history. John Thornton's Africa and Africans in the
Making of the Atlantic World, 1400–1680 changed the way scholars view the role of Africans
because of its revisionist perspective and ground breaking interpretations of the slave trade. This
book clearly changed the way the scholars analyzed the role of Africans in the British and Spanish
Empires because it challenged traditional notions about the institution. Thornton argues that African
merchants and rulers willing participated in the slave trade; thus, the unwilling victims of slavery
were active in their own subjugation. While the author clearly articulates his thesis in a cohesive
manner, he overlooks and simplifies information that would support/improve his argument. The
author divides the text into main sections to provide a clear distinction between events in Africa and
the cultural transformations in the New World. In the first section, Thornton examines the
interactions between Africans and the Portuguese, Spanish and British on the African mainland.
According the author, the development of commerce, the origins of navigation, and economic goals
differed between the two groups, which affected social and cultural relations. For instance, Thornton
comments that an older "romantic school of historians maintained that Europeans undertook this
exploration for the pure joy of

The institution of slavery has remained unchanged over the hundreds of years it has been illegal, but
the world around it has. The development of slavery is due majorly to the need for cheap labor to
tend to things called cash crops. Cash crops were crops that could be planted and grown cheaply,
and sold for good money. As the Europeans settled into new areas, like the new world, they began
building more farms, and therefore, required laborers to work on them. Thus, the transatlantic slave
trade began, forming a tri–angle between the old world, Europe, the new world, the Americas, and
Africa. As the atlantic trade grew, the number of slaves rose exponentially, and the farmers, and
plantation owners of the southern United States were producing crops, and making money, at the
expense of the slaves. The transatlantic slave trade was outlawed by two of the major governments
in 1807, which outlawed only the trade of slaves over the atlantic, not the actual institution of
slavery. Which wasn't outlawed in America until 1865 with the passing of the 13th amendment
through Congress.
The transatlantic slave trade was a booming industry that lasted for nearly four centuries. It began in
the mid 15th century, with the Portuguese sailing down, and exploring the west coast of Africa. It
became such a big industry because the plantations of the south needed laborers to tend to the cash
crops, and in a way, they couldn't afford actual workers, because they would not profit as much off
of

BSCL415–T102
Nancy, Sylvia, Flora and Tony
6.2 Group assignment
The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a bilateral free trade agreement
between the United States and Europe, covering trade in services, government procurement, rules of
origin, technical barriers to trade, agriculture, customs and trade facilitation. If it completed, it will
cover the world one–second of GDP. Transatlantic trade and investment partnership agreement is
Europe and the United States launched trade preferential agreements, to create Europe and the
United States FTA, the official is expected to make the EU GDP increased by 0.52%, but this data is
a major controversy, so three rounds of negotiations failed to reach consensus.
There are some benefits of proposed TTIP. Firstly, it can bring more job to people. Based on the
transatlantic trade and investment partnership build up. There increased the international trade, some
of company will enhance their business. This can result in them investing more, so it can create
more work to service more people. As the report from European Commission's Impact they predict
the good effect like If TTIP can set up, it forecast that TTIP could earn the Netherlands between €1.4
and €4.1 billion. Moreover, it is a big transform to small and medium company, also beneficial to
new enterprises, due to the Netherland has a special position for these company which obtained
from TTIP. Meaning that they work differently through the border and the

Reasons For The Transatlantic Slave Trade
Themes
The transatlantic slave trade was responsible for the forced migration of between 12 – 15 million
people from Africa to the Western Hemisphere from the middle of the 15th century to the end of the
19th century. The trafficking of Africans by the major European countries during this period is
sometimes referred to by African scholars as the Maafa ('great disaster' in Swahili). It's now
considered a crime against humanity.
The slave trade not only led to the violent transportation overseas of millions of Africans but also to
the deaths of many millions more. Nobody knows the total number of people who died during slave
raiding and wars in Africa, during transportation and imprisonment, or in horrendous conditions
during the so–called ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's estimated that British ships were responsible for the forced transportation of at least 2–3 million
Africans in that century.
So dominant were British ships and merchants that they carried away African captives not only to
British colonies in North America and the Caribbean but even to the colonies of their main
economic rivals, the French and Spanish, as well as to others'. Geographical spread
The majority of kidnapped Africans weren't already slaves in Africa. They were free people who
were kidnapped to provide the labour that the European powers required to build their colonies in
the Americas. The largest numbers of Africans – almost 5 million – were imported into Brazil, but
enslaved Africans were sent to most of the colonies of South and Central America and the
Caribbean, as well as to what became the United States.
Some Africans were transported to Europe and lived in such countries as Portugal and France as
well as in England. The Triangular Trade
The transatlantic slave trade is sometimes known as the 'Triangular Trade', since it was three–sided,
involving

The Origin Of Transatlantic Accents In The English Language
Transatlantic accent had a strong resemblance to musical type of speaking compared to details that
accompany the world's many leading phonetics that come from a sustained form of education. The
fact that transatlantic accent was mainly spoken by the affluent people in the society, means that it
copied the phonetics that educated people used to speak and dropped the letter "r" form the words
used in the accent, especially from the British accents. In fact, transatlantic accent upon embracing
the culture of "r" less pronunciation was promoted as the correct and right international English.
Schools of acting, speech, and elocution adopted transatlantic accent and the "r" less pronunciation
as a method and taught it in the schools. Speech schools in the United States advanced the accent,
thereby, attracting so many people from the elite families to join acting, elocution, and speech
schools in order to learn the transatlantic accent (Jenny).
The official origin of transatlantic accent traces its roots in Australian phonetics. The accent was
popularized by the William Tilly who taught in Columbia University, who introduced the Australian
phonetic consistency in the United States. The professor introduced the consistency of Australian
phonetics using a conscious standard of American speech. The phonetic grew to define the American
classical accent that was eventually identified as transatlantic accent that started declining during the
Second World War. Transatlantic attracted

Transatlantic Slave Trade Essay
The trading and distribution of slaves were important to the development of western colonies.
According to, to the "Trans–Atlantic Slave Trade Database", during the transatlantic slave trade, an
estimated 12.5 million Africans were stripped from their countries and sent all over the west, of
those only about 10.5 million made it to the intended destination ("Trans–Atlantic Slave Trade").
From the 10.5 million, about 493,163 (5 percent) went to Barbados, a small British island in the
west indies ("Trans–Atlantic Slave Trade"). Barbados was influential in the development of the
American Lowcountry. Barbados was also significant in the development of Carolina's plantation
and slave infrastructure. As a result, many of the slaves that were ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The settlement didn't last but in 1669, the Lord Proprietors drafted a constitution called,
Fundamental Constitution of Carolina. The constitution formed the basis of the colonies government
on subjects like religious tolerance, slavery, rights of defendants, and land notability. Two specific
provision influence the migration of many to the colony. The 97th provision states "Opinions
concerning Matters of Religion, the liberty whereof they will expect to have allowed them, and it
will not be reasonable for us on this account to keep them out..." Religious freedom was important
to many of the arriving settlers. The 110th provision stated that "Every Freeman of Carolina shall
have absolute Power and Authority over his Negro Slaves, of what Opinion or Religion soever."
Addition to the 110th provision the Lord Proprietors offered the settlers twenty acres of land during
the first year of settlement for every black male they owned, and ten acres for every black female
("Barbadians in

Letter To The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic Slave Trade was the transportation of slaves that were shipped from Africa to the
America's. It lasted for more than three and a half centuries from the middle of the 15th century to
the end of the 19th century. It all started when the Portuguese and other European empires
discovered that they could start expanding overseas further south (Africa). They realized that they
wanted to capture African Slaves and bring them to specific places. Soon the America's were
discovered by Christopher Columbus. After it was discovered the Spanish copied them and took
most of their slaves to Brazil (America's). On my map/model, each letter represents a certain place
and why it's important to the slave trade. To start off, letter

The Transatlantic Slave Trade was one of the biggest human rights violation in history. An estimated
10 million slaves were carried across the Atlantic Ocean beginning in the early 1500's until the mid–
1800's. Imprisoned slaves consisted primarily of West African tribes from along the coast. The sale
of slaves in the Americas was legalized in 1510, resulting in the beginning of preparations for the
first African cargo ship to set sail in 1518. This was the start of a new era.
The very beginning of the Transatlantic Slave Trade can be traced back to the 1400's, when the
Americas were discovered and Portugal started to trade with the West Africans. Soon, plantations
and mines were set up in South America. At first, the Europeans used the natives ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
For centuries slaves were traded with the Muslims of North and East Africa. This trade of slaves,
however, was still very minor compared to what was soon to strike. There was also a very large
amount of Africans that were already farmers and miners. Therefore, the Africans were the perfect
target for the Europeans.
Slaves were carried across the Atlantic Ocean on cargo ships that could hold about five hundred
people. They were crammed below the decks and chained together to ensure no escape. Everyone on
the slave ships spoke different languages, so the slaves could not even converse with each other. If a
slave refused to eat, he would be taken atop the deck and flogged. In some cases, when a slave was
particularly rebellious, he would be thrown by a rope overboard, and dragged along the bottom of
the boat. Sea life was absolutely miserable.
The Transatlantic Slave Trade had a very negative impact on Africa. Tribes were torn apart, and as a
result, some of the brightest men and women of Africa were lost to hard labor. Farming and food
production ceased because the workers would be captured. When there wasn't enough to eat, any
Africans that escaped the Europeans slave cargo ships would die. Wars broke out amongst tribes
because of confusion, fear, distress, and revenge. Racism was severely spread throughout the world,
and a feeling of superiority over a person because of their race, gender, religion, culture, or age
broke

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership is nothing short of a hot–button issue in both the
European Union, and to a lesser extent, the United States. The agreement would open up barriers
that have previously been closed, and smooth out road bumps that made transatlantic trade a hassle
from both sides of the Ocean. But that road has been a long time coming, and the end is hardly in
sight. The partnership was first proposed in 2013, and was predicted to be finalized by 2014. Today,
economists predict that the date of completion will fall somewhere between 2019 and 2020
(Blenkinsop).
But what is to blame for the hold up? It is true that the partnership faces fierce civilian opposition on
both sides, but surely angry mobs armed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Despite the fact that it is commonplace in both US and EU law, the subtle differences between the
two practices have been a massive source of contention in the TTIP negotiations. One must beg the
question, where will the compromise be found? It is clear that in order for TTIP to see passage,
either the United States will need to tighten their laws, or the European Union will need to loosen
theirs. An ideal solution to this issue would be a comprimise that takes into account the economic
costs and benefits of US and EU GI regulations.
Current Status of GI's in the US and Europe
Although held in different respects, geographic indication is on the books in both the European
Union and the United States, as both are signatories to the TRIPS agreement. The TRIPS agreement,
or the Agreement on Trade–Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, was enacted in 1995
during the negotiations of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ("Overview: The TRIPS
Agreement). The agreement has set the standard of how GI's are to be handled across the members
of the WTO, although it provides room for discrepancies. Because of this, geographical indication is
not a practice scoffed at or ignored in the United States. If a carton of orange juice is labelled as
"Florida Orange Juice", one can rest assured that the product did originate in the sunshine state, or
else the company would be at a massive risk of being sued. Likewise, if TTIP were to pass,

Transatlantic Trade Between Africa And Africa
During the mid–fifteenth century, the transatlantic slave trade occurred throughout the world and
lasted well over four hundred years. Oversea trade between Africa and the Portuguese, along with
other European kingdoms, formed, which began what is known as the transatlantic slave trade.
Along with a variety of goods, copious amounts of slaves, roughly twenty–five million, were traded
between the continents of Europe and Africa. Driving the trade were politics, economics, religion,
business, and a desire for profit. Along with the majority of the African population being traded
elsewhere in the world, the overwhelming amount of deaths and low fertility rate among the
indigenous people neared the African culture to distinction. Among the documents provided, all can
be grouped into two main groups: attitudes and impact. During the years 1450 to 1800, the
Europeans showed a large amount of varied opinions towards the Transatlantic Trade slave and the
impact of the trade towards the included civilizations.
As noted before, there are two potential groups in which the twelve documents could be grouped,
the first group being attitudes. A document characterized as this would include information on the
Europeans' attitudes towards the transatlantic slave trade. The documents that have been categorized
in this group are documents one, three, five, and eleven. To begin, document one is an excerpt from
Voyage to the Isle de France by J.H. Bernardin. In this document, Bernardin

Transatlantic Slave Trade Negatives

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Beth Salazar

More from Beth Salazar (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Transatlantic Slave Trade Negatives