Electric charge is measured in coulombs and is a fundamental scalar quantity that follows the principles of attraction and repulsion between like and unlike charges. Charges are additive and conserved, meaning they can be transferred but neither created nor destroyed. The quantization of charge denotes that it is an integral multiple of the elementary charge associated with electrons or protons.

1. Basic Properties of Charge

2. Electric Charge
 Amount of current flowing in a conductor is
measured in electric charge
 The SI unit of electric charge is 1 Coulomb
 Electric charge is a scalar and fundamental
quantity of a particle
 Like charges repel and unlike charges attract
each other

3. Basic Properties of Charge
 Electric charges are additive
 Charge is a conserved quantity, i.e. it can neither
be created nor be destroyed
 Quantization of Charge

4. Electric Charges are additive
 We can add electric charges to get overall charge
on the system
 If system has two charges q1 and q2 then total
charge of the system will be q1 + q2

5. Charges are conserved
 Electric charges can neither be created nor be
destroyed but can be transferred from one body
to another
 Charge can be transferred either by conduction or
induction

6. Quantization of Charge
 Charge of a system is integral multiple of basic
electric charge on an electron or proton ( e)
 q = ne is the general form of quantization of
charge where q is the charge, n is the number of
electrons/protons and e is electric charge on an
electron/proton (1.6 × 10-19C )

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