Use of mutants in understanding seedling development.pptx
Ricostruzione della meteorologia urbana con WRF
1. Ricostruzione della
meteorologia urbana con WRF
Application over Rome, Milan, Turin, Bologna, Bari and Palermo
using 1-way nesting
Results verification for year 2015
2. Meteorological model configuration
WRF AWR V3.8.1
1-way nesting:
driven from WRF coarser resolution run
Urban parameterization:
Building Environment Parameterization (BEP),
multi-layer urban canopy model
Urban parameters derived from the building
data included in the «Geoportale Nazionale»
Grid spacing: 1 km
Vertical grid: 41 levels (12 m ÷ 50 hPa)
Boundary conditions: WRF National scale run
(x=5km, hourly fields)
Spin-up: 1 day
Cumulus convection: off
Land Use: CORINE 2012 + 3 urban
sub-classes
3. WRF urban schemes
To take full advantage of BEP, it is necessary to have high vertical
resolution close to the ground (to have more than one model level
within the urban canopy)
Single-layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) is
embedded within the first model layer.
Kusaka et al. (2001) ; Kusaka and Kimura
(2004).
BEP (building effect parameterization) and BEM (building energy
model) are multi-layer urban canopy models.
Martilli et al. (2002); Salamanca and Martilli, 2010
4. Land use Re-classification
New categories:
31 – Low-intensity residential
32 – High-intensity residential
33 – Commercial/Industrial
Normal USGS category:
1 – Urban
Definition of each class parameters in file:
URBPARM.TBL
5. CORINE -> USGS+urban
USGS Urban classes:
32 – High-intensity residential
31 – Low-intensity residential
33 – Commercial/Industrial
33 – Commercial/Industrial
33 – Commercial/Industrial
33 – Commercial/Industrial
33 – Commercial/Industrial
33 – Commercial/Industrial
33 – Commercial/Industrial
15 – Mixed Forest
33 – Commercial/Industrial
CORINE 44 Classes:
1 111 Continuous urban fabric
2 112 Discontinuous urban fabric
3 121 Industrial or commercial units
4 122 Road and rail networks and associated land
5 123 Port areas
6 124 Airports
7 131 Mineral extraction sites
8 132 Dump sites
9 133 Construction sites
10 141 Green urban areas
11 142 Sport and leisure facilities
7. STREET PARAMETERS:
# (sf_urban_physics=2,3)
# urban street street building
# category direction width width
# [index] [deg from N] [m] [m]
1 0.0 15. 31.
1 90.0 15. 31.
2 0.0 20. 31.
2 90.0 20. 31.
3 0.0 25. 56.
3 90.0 25. 56.
END STREET PARAMETERS
BUILDING HEIGHTS: 1
# (sf_urban_physics=2,3)
# height Percentage
# [m] [%]
5.0 15.0
10.0 27.0
15.0 19.0
20.0 19.0
25.0 10.0
30.0 7.0
35.0 3.0
END BUILDING HEIGHTS
BUILDING HEIGHTS: 2
# (sf_urban_physics=2,3)
# height Percentage
# [m] [%]
5.0 6.0
10.0 12.0
15.0 13.0
20.0 26.0
25.0 24.0
30.0 14.0
35.0 5.0
END BUILDING HEIGHTS
BUILDING HEIGHTS: 3
# (sf_urban_physics=2,3)
# height Percentage
# [m] [%]
5.0 21.0
10.0 47.0
15.0 15.0
20.0 6.0
25.0 5.0
30.0 4.0
35.0 2.0
END BUILDING HEIGHTS
In red font
URBPARM.TBL parameters
modified from the analysis
of Rome building data
obtained from the
«Geoportale Nazionale»
Many other parameters could be defined
(presently pre-defined values are used)
# FRC_URB: Fraction of the urban landscape which does not have natural
# vegetation. [ Fraction ]
# (sf_urban_physics=1,2,3)
#
FRC_URB: 0.85, 0.85, 0.85
8. Simulation Urban scheme Surface scheme PBL scheme Vert. levels
Reference Noah-MP MYNN2 35
Urb1 SLUCM Noah MYNN2 35
Urb2 BEP Noah Boulac 41
Urb3 BEP+BEM Noah Boulac 41
WRF Test Simulations
• Reference config. = best options from different recent experiences
• Urb1/2/3 choices for Surface & PBL schemes are forced by compatibility
• Urb2/3 number of levels is increased because first levels should be within urban canopy
10. Comparison with ARPA Lazio
stations measurements
Denominazione ID Latitudine Longitudine
Quota sul
Livello del mare
(m)
Tipologia
Roma - Boncompagni AL007 41.909317 12.496543 72 Urbana
Tor Vergata AL001 41.841714 12.647589 104 Rurale
Castel di Guido AL004 41.889417 12.266364 61 Rurale
Tenuta del Cavaliere AL003 41.929044 12.658332 57 Suburbana
Rome
17. Conclusions
Test simulations performed in Rome and Milan show that WRF
urbanizations with BEP scheme :
• improves the wind speed reconstruction over the urban area removing
the overestimation obtained with standard parameterizations
• Does not improve temperature/humidity reconstruction at urban
locations, the temperature increase and humidity decrease are
excessive particularly in Milan
• Tuning of urban parameters should be attempted to improve results
18. Yearly simulations
5km grid spacing national scale simulation
with METAR nudging
Vs
1km urbanised local scale simulation
(1 way nudged with 5 km ones)
