Sony Music Executive Summary Key Recommendations

Dominick10 Tb Ch08 1
Chapter 8 Sound Recording True/False 1. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the phonograph, thought
it would be useful as a dictation machine. Ans: T 2. When radio began to gain in popularity, sales of
records and record players skyrocketed. Ans: F 3. TV's rising popularity affected radio, but not the
recording industry. Ans: F 4. Rock music has roots in several musical genres, including rhythm and
blues. Ans: T 5. The dawn of the '60s brought a new clean
cut breed of rock star, thanks to American
record companies' desires to increase profits. Ans: T 6. Although some American recording artists
were prominent during the 1960s, the music scene became dominated by the "British Invasion." ...
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retail E. management Ans: A 26. One
stops are most closely associated with the ________ segment
of the recording industry. A. talent B. production C. distribution D. retail E. management Ans: C 27.
Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of the recording industry? A. it is a cultural force
B. it is an international enterprise C. it has been the center of social controversy D. it has never been
interested in the counter
culture E. it is a unique blend of business and talent Ans: D 28. Touring
arrangements are made by a record company's ________ department. A. A&R B. artist
development C. business D. advertising and merchandising E. field activity Ans: B 29. Recording
different instruments and singers separately is possible due to: A. advances in duplication
technology B. the producer's creative input C. overdubbing and equalization D. multitrack recording
E. digital recording Ans: D 30. The A&R department of a recording company is responsible for: A.
the actual recording sessions B. administration of recording artists C. scouting talent D. advertising
revenue E. none of these; A&R is NOT part of a recording company. Ans: C 31. Which of the
following types of retailers is increasingly important to the recording industry? A. big chains (Sam
Goody) B. mass merchandisers (Wal
Mart) C. bookstores (Borders) D. local independent record
stores E. record clubs Ans: B 32.
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Inversion Of Public And Private Life In Julius Caesar
In act 3 Scene 4, the relationship between Antony and Octavia is presented to us through the means
of the conversation that they have about the arising conflict between Antony and Caesar. Although
short, the scene manages to present to us the relationship of Antony and Octavia as a comparison to
Antony's relationship with Cleopatra and further the inversion of public and private life, as Antony
only discusses public life with his wife Octavia and private with Cleopatra. This scene is significant
as the relationship between Antony and Octavia is portrayed to portend the conflict and the future
war between the two polar opposites, Egypt and Rome and the allowance of Antony to focus on duty
and honor which was lost with Cleopatra as he was indulged ... Show more content on
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Throughout this Scene, Antony and Octavia do not talk about their private life and only discuss the
public issues, even when they are alone together. This is shown by their persistent talk about duty
and honor of Antony with his wife Octavia and the fact that it was not common for the husband and
wife to talk about their public life, whereas Antony only discusses private life with Cleopatra. The
fact that Octavia acts as the "reconciler" between Antony and Caesar also indulges her into their
public life that further justifies the point that there is an inversion of private life with Octavia and
that even in the only private scene of the play, they talk about public affairs. The inversion is further
shown by, "O my good lord, / Believe not all, or, if you must believe, / Stomach not all." From this
line we see that Octavia cares about Antony, nonetheless the fact that she means the news, justifies
the point that there is an inversion and that even when they are alone together, Octavia talks about
the news and public affairs around them. Furthermore, the effect that Octavia says this privately to
Antony, refers to the fact that their relationship is only based and was made due to public affairs,
when Antony married Octavia to sign and agree to bond to Caesar closely, as they were against the
same enemy, whereas with Cleopatra, Antony discusses private issues as he is in love with her. This
is showcased by, "There's beggary in the love that can be reckoned." Shakespeare shows through
these words Antony's love to Cleopatra, that he does not want to measure the extent of love. The
significance of putting this in the first scene of the play is to shows the strong love and bond
between Antony and Cleopatra and that the play ends with them dying together, signifies that the
whole play is actually revolving around their relationship and the relationship of Antony and

The Veldt By Ray Bradbury
Have you ever heard of the short story "The Veldt" by Ray Bradbury? Well I have and one possible
theme in this short story would be that don't let electronics take over you and your life. This story
was written in the 1950's about the future and what it would be like. The story focuses on the house,
and the main character bought for the children. The house has every machine you can think of, a
shoe tier, shoe shiner, and many other different machines. The main characters are George the father,
Lydia the mother, and Wendy and Peter are the children.
In the start of the story you start with the parents in the Nursery. The Nursery is like going into a 3D
box with realistic images right before your eyes. The author supports my theme with how he uses
descriptive words and explains what is happening in the story. The mother was thinking that the
Nursery was a different from when they first got it, and over time you start to see it really has. This
connects with my theme because when they were describing how the Veldt has changed, it was also
was connecting to how the kids has changed as well. Like this quote "George, I wish you'd look at
the nursery. Whats wrong with it? I don't know. Well, then. I just want you to look at it, is all, or call
a psychologist in to look at it. .. It 's just that the nursery is different now than it was. All right, let 's
have a look." Once you get into the story, you start to get to see the problem with it and how much
the kids love this

Sony Music Entertainment Executive Summary
Sony Music Entertainment Executive Summary
Originally launched as American Record Company in 1929, Sony Music Entertainment Inc. has
since established itself as a leading manufacturer of video, audio, communications, and information
technology products.
In September 1976, the joint venture CBS/Sony Records Inc. presented the market with the
revolutionary compact disc (CD) and began producing the disc in America in 1983. After joining
Bertelsmann AG, Sony eventually acquired BMG's stake in 2008, and began functioning as a wholly
owned subsidiary. In July 2012, Sony/ATV Music Publishing purchased the publishing rights of the
EMI group, which strengthened Sony's position as the world's largest music publisher.
Sony's innovative approach and successful brand name, being associated with numerous motion
pictures, computer entertainment, music, television, and online businesses, makes Sony one of the
most successful, extensive entertainment and technology companies in the world.
Despite Sony Entertainment's success, due to a declining industry, Sony has been unable to sustain
their profit margins from previous years. After an in–depth analysis of Sony Music Entertainment's
industry position and it's rival competitors , along with an assessment of their internal and external
environment, I have developed two recommendations that will increase Sony Music's long–term
profitability in the digital music industry. The following recommendations, derived from the
addendums below, will

The Death Of The River Bridge
In the community where I grew up folks didn't read the News Paper to find out what folks had done.
They already knew that from the "party line." They read the News Paper to find out if they got
caught.
I don't remember reading this story in the News Paper, but everybody knew about it anyway. There
was a young man driving along a lonely, dark and narrow road just north of town one night. As the
road approached the river bridge, there was a slight turn in the road. The boy failed to make the
curve and his automobile plunged into the river.
Shortly, another vehicle came into view and as it rounded the curve, the driver saw the half
submerged automobile. He stopped, jumped into the river and after quite a struggle he freed the
young man, and saved his life.
A few weeks later that same young man was taken before the court judge and charged with a very
serious crime. To the young man's amazement, the judge was the same man who had saved his life
at the river that night.
After the charges were made, the judge asks the young man, "Do you have anything to say for
yourself?" The young man said, "Sir, you can't condemn me to die, because you are the one who
saved my life just a few weeks ago when you pulled me from the river." The judge said, "Son, on
that day I was your savior, today I am your judge."
I wanted to tell that story so I could remind you of another Savior and Judge; the Lord Jesus Christ.
The Lord is gentle and kind. (James 3:17). He is all loving (Eph. 5:25)

Apple, Inc., The Electronics And Beats Music
Apple acquires Beats. Apple, Inc., the electronics giant, has acquired Beats Music and Beats
Electronics, the headphones giant, for $3.2 billion. Apple has enough money to buy or build any
company they want to from ground up. So, why did Apple acquire Beats Electronics and Beats
Music? According to NBC News, Apple CEO Tim Cook told Re/Code that the company "could
build about anything that you could dream of," adding that acquiring Beats would give them a "head
start" and add "kindred spirits" to company (Wagstaff, 2014). Given the years of musical experience
that both Dr. Dre, a well–known legendary artist and music producer and Jimmy Iovine, the
Chairman of Interscope Geffen A&M Records have and the energy they have brought to the hip–hop
and pop cultures, it is no wonder that Apple would have made the decision to acquire Beats
Electronics and Beats Music. In just six years, Dr. Dre and Iovine has sealed the whole consumer
market for high–end headphones. Beats also unleashed Beats Music, a streaming music service.
The negotiations take place at a critical time: the music market has seen a massive shift towards
streaming and away from downloads. U.S. revenue from downloads –– which iTunes dominates ––
dropped 1 percent to $2.8 billion in 2013, while streaming music revenue from the likes of Pandora
and Spotify soared 39 percent to $1.4 billion, according to the Recording Industry Association of
America (CBS News/AP, 2014).
Beats Music will allow Apple to compete

Reflective Statement
As an individual there were many things that I have found out about myself through learning in the
process of working on the Business Plan. One of the strengths that I have found out about myself is
that I found myself capable of carrying out more than one task at the same time. Also while I was
doing my research on market analysis I found out that most of the information needed is available
on the internet which made it easier for me to write my report. I have also found out that I tend to
work better in a group because when i working in a group I know what tasks i need to complete and
also be able to discuss them with other group members to find out whether my work is up to
standards or not. However, I did find it quite difficult to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since we only had 10 minutes to deliver the presentation, I personally rushing my words in order to
get the presentation finished on time and also to get my point across. therefore, I'd like to recover
my time management skills in future by a few making certain. I have written down the most
significant information in the slide so I it will help me remember and by practicing the presentation.
As at the end of our presentation we give they audience a time limit of 3 minutes to ask questions.
This would be extremely beneficial as the more relevant information is given about a particular
topic; the more audience will get attracted and would want to focus in the presentation.
I suppose in general our presentation went pretty well as we was more familiar with what we were
talking about and we had good understanding about the charity. In the presentation, we had included
a video clip which I myself assume attracted the audience attention. I believe it was very helpful as
at the end of the presentation, a few people mentioned the video clip questioning us that how the
charity helped the woman in the video showing their concern in the

Theatre Critique Of Friday Night Cafe 's The Yellow Wallpaper
Theatre Critique of Tuesday Night Café's The Yellow Wallpaper
Even before taking their seats in the theatre the audience is transported into the constraining and
chaotic mind of our protagonist, Jane. Jane has been locked in in a room with yellow wallpaper by
her husband as "treatment" for her hysteria. Her hysteria is played by a nameless character beside
her. In combination with symbolic blocking, the set and décor of this production create the perfect
environment to capture the inner turmoil of Jane and her relationship with the madness.
One expects when walking past the doors of a theatre to encounter a stage and perhaps someplace to
sit. However, when walking through the theatre doors one is confronted by a fabric wall and a dark
hallway created by hanging pieces of yellow curtains and blankets stitched together with visible
seams and patterns overlapping haphazardly. The people you saw enter before you disappear and
you're confronted by the question of where to go next. You walk along the dark makeshift hallway
until you find an open wooden door, through which you finally see the stage and realize that you
were only a few feet away from it the entire time. This makes up the audience's first interaction with
the The Yellow Wallpaper.
This design choice was a seamless way to draw audiences into the story and the mindset of the
characters within the play. In surrounding the stage and audience with the "yellow wallpaper" the
theatre experience becomes more intimate.

The Most Important Information / Key Concepts
The most important information/key concepts we need to understand from these chapters are:
Chapter 7: The Human relationship is unique in many ways. There are people who we have the
relationship by blood, and there are people who we choose to be with. The family came by birth; we
cannot choose who our parents and siblings. People we met at work is the other group of people that
we cannot choose. However, we can choose who our friends are and who will be our partners.
"Being in intimate relationships involve exposure at times to strong emotional experiences that
include hurt, fear, sadness, anger, jealously, loneliness, and love..." (Butaney & Chates, 2014).
This concept has been relevant in my life because I do not have a healthy ... Show more content on
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There could be something that I can do to reconcile or try to communicate with my father in a
different way.
Chapter 8: I love this chapter so much. "People who care for others have been found to have less
depression and higher life satisfaction–they are more protected from disease and even death."
(Napoli, 2014). My mom has been my greatest example and my anchor in life. The divorce between
my parent is quite ugly. They have been divorce for over a decade; my dad still talks about bad
things behind her back. I confronted my father that I know the exact reasons behind the divorce and
asked him to stop talking bad things about mom. Sometimes, I will tell my mom what my dad said
about her. She would not be angry; instead, she will ask me to forget about what he said and do not
let it disturb me. My parent has mutual friends, and I thought my mom will be disconnected with all
of them. Instead, she still stays in touch with them and even hang out with them. She is such a
woman who has a big and loving heart!
How can I use the information in the chapters to help me with my daily mindfulness practice?
Chapter 7: Paying attention to the people who we associate with is one of the mindfulness practice. I
have always try to pay attention to my family, friends, and neighbors. For example, one of my
friends moved to Utah about two years ago. I was so happy that I have a friend that I have known
for a

Horizontal Integration
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Competition DG Information, communication and multimedia Media
Vertical and horizontal integration in the media sector and EU competition law
Miguel Mendes Pereira*
"The ICT and Media Sectors within the EU Policy Framework"
U.L.B.–SMIT (Studies on Media, Information and Telecommunications) CEAS–Norwegian School
of Management, Oslo Telenor Broadcast
Brussels, 7 April 2003
OUTLINE
Introduction I. Convergence and integration 1. Technical convergence 2. Economic convergence 3.
Efficiencies II. Competition issues 1. The competitive arena 2. Foreclosure 3. The dominance test
III. Vertical integration 1. 2. 3. 4. The gate–keeper issue Foreclosure of input markets Leveraging
Network effects
IV. Horizontal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to have an idea of the recent increase in the price for audio–visual contents it is sufficient to
compare, for example, the price paid for broadcasting rights of the Football World Cups of 1990,
1994 and 1998 – 241 million ECU – with the price paid for the same rights in respect of the World
Cups of 2002 and 2006 – 1,7 billion Euro. Only large companies seem to be able to afford such
astronomical costs.
2
"Vertical and horizontal integration in the media sector and EU competition law" – M. Mendes
Pereira
In face of economic barriers of such dimension, media companies have shown a trend towards
concentration. 3. Efficiencies What appeared to be particularly new about these alliances and
mergers in the media industry was the search of not only the traditional economies of scale but,
above all, the search of economies of scope. This translated into an attempt to use the same product
in a number of different ways: pure entertainment and telecommunication, or entertainment and
information, or information and telecommunication. From an economic point of view, economies of

scope basically translate in lower Average Total Costs as a result of producing a wide range of
products. The main feature of this type of concentrations is the vertical integration of the different
levels of production and distribution of media products that leads to companies which are able

Animal Farm Old Major Analysis
Old Major is a twelve year old boar with a wise and benevolent appearance. He feels that it is his
duty to pass on his wisdom to the other animals before he dies. Old Major is the speaker of a speech
he makes in the novel Animal Farm. In his speech he argued the idea that men are the enemies of the
animals. Old Major's purpose is to convey the idea that the only way for the animals to get justice is
to form a rebellion. Old Major adopts a serious tone in order to convince the animals that the only
way to get justice from the enemies is to rebel against them.
Old Major begins his speech by recognizing that before he dies his job is to pass on his wisdom into
the other animals in the farm. To prove that he has qualifications in saying this, he states, "I have
had much time for thought as I lay alone in my stall" (5). He says this in order to prove that he has
had many hours to think and put his thoughts in order. This sharing of emotion creates a serious tone
that elaborates how the animals need to receive this wisdom before Old Major is no longer with
them. Old Major, the speaker, of a speech made in the novel Animal Farm believes that before his
death, his comrades need to obtain his knowledge on the nature of life.
Furthermore, Old Major shifts his topic in the middle of the speech by claiming that men are the
enemies of the animals. He argues that humans are evil when he states, "Why then do we continue in
this miserable condition? Because nearly the whole of the

Finding Fitra Is A Character Driven Drama
FINDING FITRA is a character driven drama that centers on a Muslim gay teen and his struggle to
tell others. Strong themes about rejection, tolerance, and acceptance help drive the plot.
What sets this story apart from other "coming–out" stories is that the protagonist, is both Muslim
and gay. Not only does he have to deal with his own sexuality, he also has to deal with his faith. This
makes for a solid hook.
The goal for Hashim is an emotional, inner goal. As he tries to come to terms, he's confronted with
some moral choices.
The concept of the script has merit and it's a relevant topic. It addresses a social need to help other
gay Muslims, who might find one's self in the same moral dilemma. Thus, while there are plenty of
strengths to build upon, the script would benefit from more development.
The story opens with the protagonist clearly stating the problem. He's making a video. It's a rather
mild opening. The story then transitions back in time to tell his story.
The current presentation feels more like it's made for a TV movie. There's nothing wrong with that,
but one can envision a stronger, more compelling storyline.
The current structure's pace is rather slow and the tension is rather mild. There are events in the
script like the "make over" that feel out of place.
There are also two competing goals. The story sets up the idea that his family is arranging a
marriage for him. This is actually very smart. It seems that this "ticking clock" will drive the story

Music Improvements During The 1960s Essay
Music improvements in 1960s "Life is a progress, not a station," said Ralph Waldo Emerson. Each
decade, changes occur in almost all areas in life, and music is one of the fields that describes better
that assessment. Since the 1960s, music has been going through a lot of changes in composition,
arrangement, production, and distribution. However, some people are still thinking that music
started getting worse since that time(Briggs). But, what if it was a positive change or a progress
people had to discover? Music is a powerful apparatus that shapes generations. In the 1960's, music
was a force that affected the way people thought and behaved(Welch). During that period, people
started composing their music in different ways. Many musicians wanted to share important
messages or their opinions about situations on that time: Protest songs were born. For example, Bob
Dylan and Woody Guthrie in their songs "Blowin' in the Wind" and "This Machine Kills Fascists"
were protesting against wars and conflicts. It was new and unique because most of the music
composers were being very creative in songwriting. They wanted to reach people's hearts and minds
with peace, justice and anti–war messages(Protest).
In 1965, Bob Dylan went electric at Newport Folk Festival. It was a big step because electric guitar
was getting more and more involved in live music since the early part of the 20th century (Electric
Guitar). However, Bob Dylan was booed during that Festival. The audience consisted

Examples Of Loss Of Innocence In Fly Away Peter
How does Malouf show the loss of innocence in Jim during World War One?
David Malouf's novel 'Fly Away Peter' charts out the life of protagonist, Jim Sadler. Jim Sadler starts
the novel as an innocent young man who lives on the Coast of Queensland. As Jim shows his love
and appreciation for birds, he ends up getting a job at a sanctuary owned by Ashley Crawthaw. His
job was to watch for the birds that migrated to and from the sanctuary. Throughout the novel the
readers are taken on the journey that Jim faces, from the innocence of a young adult to the horror
and brutality of the war. At the beginning of the novel the audience is introduced to Jim while he is
gazing in the far distance to where the swamp ended and the farmlands began(Malouf, D. Pg.1).
Jim's love for birds was strong, everything about them just amazed him – he could sit for hours and
watch them while naming each as he proceeded into the day. By being in the sanctuary, Jim is
protected from the harsh reality of the outside world. Having grown up in the country, he is
oblivious to how cruel the world is. Once exposing himself to the outside world and goes to the
town centre, without much awareness regarding the war, he feels pressured to join the War Effort.
Jim is aware of the need to extend his experiences within life and acknowledges the changes that
war will certainly bring. On Jim's arrival to the trenches he is hit with the harsh reality he thought he
would never understand. Being so distant from the

The Censorship of Art Essay example
The Censorship of Art While the censorship of art is not a new phenomenon, recent years have
witnessed renewed and intensified attempts to control popular culture. In particular, rap and rock
music have come under increasing attack from various sides representing the entire left and right
political spectrum, purportedly for their explicit sexual and violent lyrical contents. In this paper is
investigated which moral codes underlie these claims against popular music, how social movements
mobilize actions around these claims, and the way in which they are manifested in mechanisms of
control targeted at rap and rock music. Moreover, I explore how the performers and fans of these
musical styles have in turn articulated counter–claims, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was shocked to find out that one of the songs on the album, "Darling Nikki", contained a
reference to female masturbation. The same Prince song was also listened to by the daughter of
free–lance journalist Kandy Stroud, who was shocked to discover that her daughter was exposed to
"unabashedly sexual lyrics" (Stroud 1985:14). Around the same time, Susan Baker, wife of former
Treasury Secretary and White House Chief of Staff James Baker, overheard her 7–year old child
sing along to "Like a Virgin" by Madonna, which lead her to realize "what's going on in pop music"
(quoted in Roldan 1987:223). Also around the same time, Pam Howar, wife of a wealthy
construction executive, noticed the lyrical contents of the songs she was dancing to during her
aerobics classes, and discovered that her daughter was listening to the same kind of music over
breakfast. In April of 1985 the concerned parents, together with Sally Nevius, wife of former
Washington D.C. council chairman John Nevius, and Ethelynn Stuckley, wife of former
Congressman Williamson Stuckley, joined forces: on May 13, 1985, they formed the non–profit,
tax–exempt organization Parents Music Resource Center. Under the Presidency of Pamela Howar,
the PMRC compiled a mailing list to appeal to similarly concerned parents and to raise money. Soon
after its formation, affiliates of the PMRC included several U.S. Congressmen and Representatives.
On the same day of the PMRC's

Positives And Negatives Of The Internet
This essay will discuss both the positives and negatives of the Internet and how it has impacted on
the music industry. Piracy, distribution and networking are just some of the aspects that have
drastically changed the music scene since the arrival of the Internet. Has the Internet changed the
music industry for the better or worse?
In the early 1960s a computer scientist called J. C. R. Licklider proposed "the concept of a Galactic
Network". Investintech (2009) Licklider could see that having access to things like software, digital
libraries and banking all on a global network could be revolutionary. This idea of a global network
of computers "ultimately led to the creation of the ARPANET". Raychel Rappold (2014) The
ARPANET, which is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CNN Money (2010) Millions of downloaders were attracted by this prospect of free downloads,
which then quickly led to the attraction of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)
and artist such as Lars Ulrich of Metallica. This eventually led to a court order to shut Napster
down. "A heated legal battle between Napster and the RIAA ends in March with an injunction
against the site. Napster shuts down its network in July, declares bankruptcy, and is later reborn as a
legal music subscription service in 2001". Gearlog (2010)
The MP3 file format enabled music files to be shared with great ease across all computer systems.
"The development of the MP3 compression standard in the early 90s allowed vast amounts of digital
audio information to be compressed into manageable files". David Hesmondhalgh (2007) While the
MP3 file format has its positives such as being digital, relatively small in file size and maintaining
good sound quality it also meant it was very easy to share for free over the Internet.
Digital downloads have largely contributed to lack in CD sales and even forced some stores to close
down or revaluate their businesses. In 2004 Tower Records declared bankruptcy due to digital
downloading. "Tower, has been unable to cope with competition from digital downloading and file
copying". BBC News (2004) The RIAA released a report stating that streaming services such as
Spotify overtook CD sales last year, which is the first time in

The Effects Of Media On Body Dissatisfaction Of Young...
The media is an important aspect of the current society and is ever present to the public. With the
creation of new technology, there are more and more ways the media can be received and displayed
for people to see everywhere they go. There are so many media sights nowadays such as Instagram,
Twitter, and Facebook, as well as new magazines, commercials and other media publications made
every day that allow people to connect to current events and new trends. Although today's media has
the potential to have a positive or negative impact on the lives of the people, there have been many
controversial debates on the impact of the media on the body dissatisfaction of young girls and
adolescents. Body dissatisfaction can be described as "the negative self–evaluation of one's own
appearance and to be more physically attractive, and is fairly common in young girls and
adolescents. Approximately one hundred studies of media effects on body dissatisfaction have been
conducted with the majority of these showing at least some evidence," (Ferguson, Munoz,
Contreras, Velasquez). Many psychological experts and specialists have explored the effect of the
media on developing female girls and adolescent body image to conclude whether it has a
significant or insignificant impact on the body image of female adolescents and young girls. In the
current media, women are idealized as skinny, airbrushed, and flawless. "The media has been
harshly criticized for creating and perpetuating a cultural

Fork Radio Inc. : Overview
Overview Fork Radio Inc., DBA "SRCVINYL" is a leading retailing and manufacturing company
within the vinyl record industry. In addition to selling vinyl records online and at two brick and
mortar retail stores, srcivnyl currently works with the major record labels including, Sony, Universal
and Warner Music, to release albums for Top 40 artists on the vinyl format. All SRCVinyl's
manufacturing is currently done at other facilities throughout the world. In 2015, over 17 million
new vinyl records were pressed and sold, with that number on track for an increase in 2016. Despite
this confident increase in sales, the vinyl manufacturing industry has been plagued with a shortage
of manufacturers creating extreme turn around times. Prior to 2014, product was produced with a
around time of 2–4 weeks. The average turnaround time is currently 12–14 weeks in best case
scenarios, with a 6 month a regular occurrence. Because of this, srcvinyl is often not able to
manufacture enough product to fulfill the demand. Last year more than 13 million LPs were sold in
the United States, according to the Recording Industry Association of America, the highest count in
25 years, making it one of the record business's few growth areas. But the few dozen plants around
the world that press the records have strained to keep up with the exploding demand, resulting in
long delays and other production problems, executives and industry observers say. It is now
common for plants to take up to six

Nutrition Reflection
My strength in the yoga sequences from the start to the end of this year has improved. I can now feel
the weight distributed evenly in my hand and fingers holding my body up instead of using other
their areas of my body. I'm still working on my arm strength, I will say that it has improved because
there are definite changes but I have a long way to go to make the movement a fluid as possible. my
I stretch into downward dog, 1st I need to make sure don't pull up onto my toe(ballet habit) 2nd that
my head is in line with my body with my ribs in, I seem to have them out like chickens.
I was very disappointed with my squats on our assessment day as the week before I felt this new
strength within my movement that I was very proud and was looking forward to the assessment so I
could see how far they have come unfortunate I got most of the exercise wrong with little to no right
technique. as a dancer I no sometimes you this happens but never the less I would have loved to end
my last lesson of the year with a bang. I still am pushing my knee way too far out with my arms on
the downward squats as well as my head reversed back to no being in time with the movement with
that flippy head thing I do. on the single leg squats, i need to watch that my weight is not only on the
back leg but that I do not favor too much of one side. the same goes for the weight being on the
front leg when I'm coming up. I will say that my chest tension in this exercise way has improved. I
now need to

Case Study Of Madonna
Reading the Madonna case study, it is obvious that it was not Madonna's talent that made her the
queen of pop. One of the most important drivers of Madonna's success was her vision; a vision for
success. Since the very beginning Madonna knew that she wanted to become the most well known
female performer and that she would do everything in order to achieve it. It is clear that Madonna
had a strategy. The first step was for her to understand the industry and the customers, and she did
exactly that. Madonna swifted to the dance music that was prevailing in the clubs of New York at
the time. The next step for Madonna's success was her ability to acknowledge her own weaknesses
and competences. (1)
Very early in her career, Madonna realized that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She set a benchmark in the music world and she did that by making sure to have everything set
really good from the beginning. That is another very important aspect that differentiates her from
other bands and singers. When she started, she had a clear vision. That was to "Rule The World" as
she replied to Dick Clark, American Bandstand's presenter when she was asked "what do you really
want to do when you grow up?". Also, she had deep understanding of the music industry, her
competitive environment, and she played with what marketing–whiz Seth Godin would call Purple
Cows, which are remarkable products that make early adopters stop to get a closer look at them and
spread the word. When for example MTV banned her video clip, she immediately gave it to the
market along with her new songs. The market went crazy and thousands of people ran to purchase it.
Furthermore, she knew exactly how to exploit her strengths and how to protect her weaknesses, with
whom to work in order to value–up her product, and she knew how to effectively implement her
strategy and respond to changes in the music industry. It was a fact that her voice wasn't her strong
weapon, so she had to put much effort in other aspects in order to succeed. That is something very
difficult that not every artist is able to do in his field.

The Novel, And As The Film Unfolds
"I won 't be a carer any more come the end of the year, and though I 've got a lot out of it, I have to
admit I 'll welcome the chance to rest–to stop and think and remember. I 'm sure it 's at least partly to
do with that, to do with preparing for the change of pace, that I 've been getting this urge to order all
these old memories" (Ishiguro, 34). Over the course of the novel, and as the film unfolds, the whole
story is told in a series of flashbacks as Kathy reencounters her life. Kathy stumbles over every
difficult memory as she grapples with her life while trying to gear up for donations. Living in the
past may be easier to do rather than digest that her life has reached its peak. She has outlived
Helsham, her best friends, and now is alone to watch over the dying and wait for her time to
complete. The only way that she can go back and indulge in a time when things were somewhat
easier is by reliving her memories. There she can experience her time with Tommy on repeat, and
learn to muddle through all the things that she has lost and all that she has left. Kathy balances on
the line of experiencing her past and living in it. Although she claims that when her time to complete
is upon her she will welcome it and will comfort the rest from her memories, but it seems that she
uses the past as a coping mechanism. The past is easier, she lived it, she had a good life and reliving
it gives her a distraction from her impending fate. It may have been nostalgia at first but then

Music Industry Financials
TASK 1
Marginal costing is a traditional financial technique which is used by companies for short term
decision making within the music & entertainment industry. The concept of marginal costing is
concerned with the treatment of fixed costs and the relationship that exists between sales, variable
costs and contribution. This technique is often used by record labels to estimate the costs which they
will incur & profits they will earn per unit which is manufactured and sold.
Cost behaviour – we need to understand how costs behave at different levels of activity so that we
can determine what costs should have been for a trading period and estimate costs for a future
period. Cost behaviour studies the way that costs fluctuate. Two ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
of units
Margin of safety is the amount which a price of a product can drop before you stop making a profit.
It is also explained as the excess of actual sales over breakeven sales (expressed either as a no. of
units or as a percentage). This calculation is considered important in times of recession or where the
market is falling for other reasons. See the example below for explanation of how the margin of
safety is calculated.
Units sold = 500
Breakeven level of sales (units) = 357
Margin of Safety = 500 – 357 = 143 units
143 units ÷ 500 = 0.286 x 100 = 28.6%
Sales could fall by 28.6% before losses incurred
Although these calculations are used on a daily basis by companies within the music industry, we
must remember that these are all estimated figures. Music trends vary all the time, which makes the
music & entertainment industry very unpredictable, as well as a volatile market to work within.
In conclusion there is a lot of risk involved when investing in a product or service because the
amount of sales is always a predicted figure.
TASK 2 1. Royalty revenue under the traditional deal for a single CD unit is £0.76p. 2. Royalty
revenue under the traditional deal for a single digital download is £0.06p. 3. 31,579 CDs and
266,667 digital downloads. 4. Contribution per unit (CDs) is £4.55p and (Digital downloads) is
£0.47p. 5. The recoupment point is when 39,560 CDs and 255,319

American Rock Band Paramore As A Case Study
With the fast rising technology and the closer world community, the music industry has changed
dramatically in this modern world. In this case, I will choose an American rock band Paramore as a
case study. I will first start with an overview and a brief history of the band, afterwards I will focus
on the main four music business areas, which are Artist Management, Record Companies, Music
Publishing and Live Performance, examining how they operate in the industry and their relationship
between each area and with the band. Finally, I will finish up with a conclusion and my own views.
Body Text:
The American alternative rock band Paramore was formed in Franklin, Tennessee, USA in 2004.
The band originally formed by Lead Guitarist Josh Farro ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They mainly manage Rock/Metal bands, beside Paramore they also A Day To Remember,
Ballyhoo!, Beautiful Bodies, The Used, Whitechapel, Matt Woods...etc
Their original manager was Dave Steunebrink from Showdown management and Jeff Hanson the
manager for the Band Creed. After the death of Jeff Hanson in 2009, his assistant Mark Mercado
became the manager of Paramore. Dave Steunebrink discovered the lead singer Haley Williams
when she was 13 through one of his client songwriters/producers Richard Williams. David was
amazed by her vocal ability. They later introduced Haley Williams to Atlantic Records A&R Tom
Stomps, and Jason Flom the head of the A&R department signed her as a solo artist and brought out
her production deal with Dave Steunebrink and Richard Williams. Originally Atlantic plan to turn
Halley Williams into a pop star, but she declined and insisted that she wanted to be in a band and
play punk/rock music instead of being a manufactured pop princess. The label president Julie
Greenwald and the management team agreed to follow her wishes as a band. In an interview with
Dave Steunebrink organized by music business radio mentioned that Dave was also their music
lawyer. However, they approach things in a different way from normal concept. At that time Avril
Lavigne was the mainstream punk star of the world. Dave and his team are very aware of that and
they make sure Paramore will not take the same path. They signed a 360 deal with Atlantic and
instead of releasing

Spotify
Company Project : Spotify AB
Table of content
Introduction : p.3
1– : Historic and relation wih majors : p.3
1.1 Historic : p.3
1.2 Relation with majors : p.3
2– : The way its product is produced and marketed : p.4
2.1 A service : p.4
2.2 Three offers : p.4
2.3 Position on the market : p.5
2.4 How the product is marketed : p.6
2.5 An international offer : p.8
3– : Its objective and the evolution of its financial results over the last 2 years : p.9
3.1 Figures : p.9
3.2 France : An exceptional case : p.10
3.3 The global situation : p.11
4– : The organizational form of the business : p.11
4.1 A muting company : p.11
4.2 A functional organization : p.12
4.3 A geographical division : p.12
4.4 A ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This model is quite common on the internet with streaming music providers (Spotify, Deezer) but
also in video games with free–to–play games. Regarding Spotify the freemium model is composed
of three offers :
–The first one completely free where users have the basic functions (listening to music on computer,
with advertisement)
–The Unlimited offer where users no longer have the advertisement restriction but can only listen on
their computers : 4,99€/month
–The premium offer where users have no restriction and can listen on every device (computer,
smartphone, tablet) without internet connexion needed (music is stocked in the cache of the device
and is available thanks to data synchronisation) : 9.99€/month
It should be noted that, in France and only in France, in the first offer the unlimited music (with
adds) is not completely unlimited. Indeed, six months after the registration on Spotify (the

registration is mandatory to listen to music) there is a time limitation, users will not be able to listen
more than 10 hours of music per month and can't listen a track more than 5 times. However it 's easy
to bypass this restriction by creating another account with another e–mail address. Thus, it is not this
time restriction that will particularly push the customer to upgrade their account.
Furthemore the upgrade from the first offer to the Unlimited or Premium offer entails an upgrade of
the sound quality from 160 kbit/s to 320 kbit/s. Again, it is not this specific

The Four Seasons Research Paper
Background Jersey Boys on Broadway played Friday August 22nd at 8 Pm, and performed at the
August Wilson Theater in New York. The main characters consisted of Dominic Scaglione Jr. as
Frankie Valli, Richard H. Blake as Tommy DeVito, Quinn VanAntwerp as Bob Gaudio and Michael
Lomenda as Nick Massi. Jersey Boys is a musical memoir of the 1960's rock and roll group, The
Four Seasons. Through the progression of the play, the audience is taken on a journey as each
member of the group narrates a particular development emphasizing how the Four Seasons came to
be. In the first Act, Tommy DeVito walks out on stage and begins to tell the audience about the
development of the band. At first, the group started out as starting out as "The Variety Trio" along
with his brother, Nick DeVito and friend Nick Massi. At that time, Tommy discovered a confused
teenager, Frankie Castelluccio, and took him under his wing, teaching him everything he knows
about music. With Nick DeVito in prison, the band struggled to gain any form of success, they
changed their names multiple times until Bob Gaudio, singer and songwriter came along uniting the
lost group (Playbill: Jersey Boys). At this point, Bob takes over the account and informs the
audience of his previous hit single "Short Shorts". After negotiating an agreement, the group signs a
contract with a musical producer who ultimately does not live up to the end of ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The play Jersey Boys required a modest orchestra of which included nine players. The instruments
included (1) three keyboards, (2) a guitar, (3) a bass, (4) drums, (5) two woodwind players and (5)
trumpet. The two woodwind players alternated between a variety of instruments, (1) saxophone, (2)
clarinet, (3) flute, (4) oboe, and (5) saxophone (Playbill: Jersey Boys). "Sherry" sang by The Four

The Impact Of Internet On The United States Of America
In the 1960s the government of the United States of America (USA) requested computer scientists to
conduct research into building communication via computer networks, (Wikipedia, 2016).This
research gave rise to the origins of the internet which is now regarded as a global computer network
that provides a variety of information and communication facilities. This global network consists of
millions of different types of computers that maybe desktop or mobile, hardwired or wireless and for
personal use or for business, (Dewdney and Ride, 2014). Rapid growth of internet use became
evident in western countries such as North America in the mid 1990's while this growth was evident
from the late 1990's in developing countries, (Wikipedia, 2016). ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In contrast, those industries such as film, music and news have experienced a very deep impact
because the core product can be downloaded privately. Of these three, Di Maggio (2014) state that
the music industry has been the most challenged by the internet not only in relation to distribution
but also production. Waterman and Ji (2014) argue that like the newspaper industry, the music
industry was negatively affected because it was slow to adapt and capitalise on the efficiencies of
digital distribution and purchase.
Before the internet and digitalisation the major record companies such as Time–Warner, EMI group
and Deca used distribution methods that involved consumers listening to the radio, buying vinyl
records or audio–cassette tapes at music retail shops, reading about the music and artists in
newspapers or music magazines attending concerts and watching musicians perform on television,
(Hracs, 2012). In order to listen to the recorded music, consumers needed to have access to a radio, a
player for vinyl discs or audiocassette tapes and a television. They also needed to purchase music
recordings in available form at retail shops. Music artists such as Diana Ross and Nat King Cole
signed contracts with the major record labels and relied on the services provided by these companies
to record, promote and distribute their music, (McLeod, 2005). The companies provided specialised
services such as technical skills, recording studios with sound engineering, management,

Let There Be Light: Did Punk Rock Really Make a Difference
Let there be light, and there was light
Let there be sound, and there was sound
Let there be drums, there was drums
Let there be guitar, there was guitar, ah
Let there be rock
And it came to pass
That rock 'n' roll was born
All across the land every rockin' band
Was blowin' up a storm
And the guitar man got famous
The business man got rich –Angus Young, Malcolm Young, Bon Scott (AC/DC)
In the early 1950s when Rock and Roll was born, it was so new and so different than anything heard
before that by the time the above song was released more than 25 years later, it seemed like nothing
had existed before it. Punk Rock had a similar effect on the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Radio airplay was another gauge of success. When radio stations shifted away from live big–band
performances to pre–recorded rock and roll albums, disc jockeys were regularly bribed to promote
one song or artist more than others. This practice of payola, outlawed in 1960, lead to decreased
variety of music played on radio but also increased access of smaller labels to the airwaves
(Rennhoff). In recent years, however, deregulation of media ownership in the United States and the
swallowing up of smaller labels by the so–called Big–4 record companies (Universal Music Group,
Sony Music Entertainment, EMI Group, and Warner Music Group) has left only 28% of music
industry market share worldwide for independent labels (Boehlert).
Music Industry Market Share (2005)
Figure 1 (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry)
The 1960s Beatlemania and subsequent British Invasion movement in popular music supplanted the
industry–produced, sanitized teen idols such as Fabian and Frankie Avalon. The UK bands breathed
new life into rock and roll music and made it dangerous again with their unique, electrified fusion of
rhythm and blues and garage rock. What they also brought with them was a new means of
promotion: merchandise. When it came to t–shirts, Elvis Presley had the first (Easby and Oliver 3),
but the Beatles had the most. Soon posters, toys, lunchboxes, chewing gum, drum kits, record
players,

The Effects Of Music On The Music Industry
Throughout the ages people from all around the world have enjoyed music in their everyday lives.
Whether it be rock, hip hop, classical, or country, artist in every genre have put their heart and soul
into creating the ear stimulating music that we have come to tap our feet and sing along with each
and every day. That being said, a major problem is occurring in the music industry.Artist in today 's
music world are getting paid a fraction of what they should be getting paid when it comes to the
music that they create for consumers to hear.This revenue reduction also outlines a greater problem
which is crippling the music industry today.In this paper i will discover what is causing this decline
in revenue for artist and also try to give opinions of both the consumer/ music websites and also the
music industry on these issues. I will also input my opinion on how i feel about these ongoing issues
and whether or not i believe the present system is adequate or if something must be changed for the
greater good. .
The main reason for the industry 's decline, was the start of what is called the digital age( the digital
age is the start of online streaming of music). Since the start of the digital age, recording revenues
have been declining and continue to decline year to year. In the year 1999 the music industry was
worth 14.6 billion dollars and in the year 2009 it was only worth 6.3 billion.( Music's lost decade:
Sales cut in half) The reason for this drastic cut in revenue

The Effect Of Internet On The Music Industry
Last year, David Byrne claimed that "The internet will suck all creative content out of the world",
(The Guardian 2013) a dramatic opinion that suggests that the use of the internet in the music
industry is having harmful consequences. But is this entirely true? Music has always been an
important part of people 's lives, with the earliest forms of music being simply hitting rocks together
to produce sounds. Over the years, music has developed into something more profound; a way of
capturing the feelings and emotions of a composer or lyricist, which the listener can relate to and
empathise with. However, since the introduction of the internet, music and access to it has been
revolutionised, but how exactly has the internet affected the music industry?
A key difference between the consumption of music before the use of the internet compared to the
present day, is the form in which music can be bought. Before the internet, those who heard and
wanted to buy a single song would have to purchase the entire, physical album on which the song
was produced (unless the specific song was released as a single, although not all songs were),
whether this be a vinyl record, cassette tape or CD. This made record companies millions of pounds
in royalties, as people invested money into albums they did not really want in order to listen to the
one song they actually enjoyed. However, whilst big labels and record companies would be making
money, only a fraction of the earnings would actually

The Music Industry : The Advent Of The Internet
The music industry is one of the few industries that have enjoyed complete dominance in their
particular segment from their very beginnings all the way up to the late 1990s. Once the internet
began to take hold, and become available in every home, the music industry began losing ground in
their market segment. Digital downloading through the internet became so popular that record labels
began losing money at a significant rate. Their reaction to illegal downloading has been
controversial, as well as desperate at times. An analysis on the history of the music industry, the
advent of the internet as it applies to the recording industry, and the legal and ethical implications of
their reaction may offer some clarity in how the record labels may move forward and still maintain a
profit.
The music industry has a vast history that has brought music into the homes of people since the
invention of the phonograph in the late 1800s (Borg, 2003). In the beginning, the music industry
was lucrative. The industry was controlled by a small handful of major record labels that had a
monopoly on music mediums. There was only one medium, which was the record album, and they
promoted these records through the radio (Borg, 2003). Back then, the record labels had a tight grip
on the products they were selling. It was very difficult to bootleg a record because transferring a
recording was more expensive than actually purchasing a record (Borg, 2003). Beginning in the
1960s more mediums

Independent Record Label Essay
The Music Industry has been a constant in the hearts of fans and the general public for years. During
those years, music companies were ran a certain way that may have seemed successful for a while.
Everything changed when Independent Record Labels were created. Music was revolutionized when
the effects of Independent Record Labels took place, when Atlantic Records was created, and when
founders, producers, and artists worked together to create a viable business and music outlet. Music
was indeed revolutionized when the effects of Independent Record Labels took place. Atlantic
Records and Stax both play a role in showing how Independent Record Labels were so successful.
Before Atlantic Records, there had been Independent Record Labels but ... Show more content on
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In 1947, Atlantic Records was created by Ahmet Ertegun and Herb Abramson in New York City
(Callahan and Edwards). This would end up being one of the biggest and most important
achievements in music history. As discussed in the previous paragraph, Atlantic Records was able to
incorporate many different kinds of genres into their label making them unique compared to their
competitors. Callahan and Edwards describe the jazz musicians that they had as "giants", such as
Lester Young and Sidney Bechet. The fact that they were able to have connections with these
"giants" shows that from the start, they appealed to the big stars and I believe this showed they were
destined for stardom. Atlantic Records also produced multiple #1 hits in the R&B category in the
1950's (Callahan and Edwards). In the late 1950's and throughout the 1960's, Atlantic Records
created many big soul hits as well (Callahan and Edwards). This record company was able to do it
all. Another big time period was from 1953–1955 when pop artists started to cover R&B songs
(Callahan and Edwards). Atlantic Records was able to jump on this new trend and this became a big
part of their success and continued fame (Callahan and Edwards). The ability to capitalize on market
trends is important in all facets of business and Atlantic Record showed that they were smart in
running the business. Atlantic Records had a great relationship

The Article ' Psych Me Out ' Essay
The article "Psych Me Out" is about a recent graduate, Stacy, who just got hired to work for a small
local CPA firm as a junior accountant. Since he was one of the top graduates of his class, his
managers expected more out of him and therefore assigned him tasks that he has not been trained
on. Since Stacy was still in the process of learning the ropes he was struggling with meeting due
dates. Due to his poor performance his managers, Bob and Leandra, were more critical of him than
they should have been, and reprimanded Stacy by placing him on probation and taking away his
chance of receiving any bonuses. Throughout the year, Stacy's job continued to be a challenge. Since
he still had not been adequately trained on how to do certain tasks, he had a higher possibility of
making a mistake, and if a mistake rises, his managers are more likely to once again reprimand him,
rather than trying to fix the problem in a more positive way where Stacy would gain the benefit of
learning from his mistakes. Since the firm was struggling with accounts, a psychologist was brought
in to determine the situation and the main cause for this poor turnover. After many employees,
including Stacy, complained about the poor work conditions, the psychologist eventually confirmed
that the reason for the failing firm was due to poor managing in the work place. After the managers
heard about the suggested reasons to why their firm was failing, they decided that instead of trying
to fix their managing

Music And Technology Aid AAnother
Music and technology aid one another. In a way a person can capture music they love through
technology and then the electronic companies flourish due to the sale and popularity of these
electronic devices. If a person wants to listen to music they can turn on a stereo or TV, choose a CD
or DVD to play, or listen to a songs downloaded in ITunes. All of these devices are proof to show
how technology is used to record, play, and change the way music is heard. A look through history
will show how far society has come in music alone. The development of technology has changed the
way the music industry operates and the way society hears and purchases music today.
It started off with humming, then singing. People sang in church choirs, in the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Edison believed that the phonograph would have a positive effect on business, culture, and
education. Out of the invention of the phonograph, three distinct qualities were discovered of
recorded music: portability, affordability, and repeatability. Thanks to the phonograph and its
portability, Americans could hear the "classics" through recordings since professional musicians'
never ventured to the rural areas. Portability would have meant nothing if not for its affordability. In
1890 the cost of the phonograph was $40, and by the 1900's it was reduced down to five dollars.
Poor blacks could also afford the phonograph, and in their minds it was a way to try and achieve
equalities among whites by listening and learning their culture. Repeatability was believed to serve
two main functions: to single out the good music versus the bad and to help listeners to appreciate
the art of the classics. Due to the fact that recording music had a maximum of three to four minutes,
musicians had to drastically cut the time of their music to make more money. The phonograph was
later called a gramophone and then it was known as the wax cylinder. The phonograph went out of
"style" when the FM radio was invented and spread throughout American homes.
In 1933, what thought to be just a dream, became a reality. Edwin Armstrong invented the

Internet Piracy and the Music Industries Business Model -...
Research Project:
The Music Industry's dramatic business model change from physical sales to digital downloads, how
much the record labels are affected by internet piracy and how to regulate it.
Information Discovery, Analysis and Interpretation
Contents Page Page
1. Executive Summery 3
2. Scope of Report 4
3. Overview 5 4.1 The Definition of Internet Piracy and the Damage it ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
I will analyse the cost to the music industry of internet piracy over the last decade, Quantify and
qualify the argument that an illegal download is equal to one song purchased. I will use the
statistical and financial data from the RAII and other authorities to outline my findings.
Also I will controversially conclude whether the music industry is benefiting from music piracy,
whether the music industry is now an open market business, and the attitude of artists to an open
market compared to that of their record labels and the RAII copyright authority.
3 Overview
3.1 The Definition of Internet Piracy and the Damage it causes
The term internet piracy has been around for the last decade, describing the illegal activity of
downloading and sharing copyrighted material freely. The Recording Industry Association of
America warns companies and consumers about the threat of internet piracy:
"Music theft is a real, on–going and evolving challenge. Both the volume of music acquired illegally
without paying for it and the resulting drop in revenues are staggering. Digital sales, while on the
rise, are not making up the difference" (RIAA, 2012)
In 2007 the Institute for Policy and Innovation estimated that the total cost of Internet Piracy,
specifically to the music industry, is costing the US economy over $12 billion a year:
"As a consequence of global and U.S.–based piracy of sound recordings, the U.S. economy loses
$12.5

Miss Peregrine 's Home For Peculiar Children
Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children is a science fiction novel that was presented to the
reading world in 2011 by Ransom Riggs. This year the characters of Riggs's novel made their way
to the big screen under the direction of Tim Burton. While critics rave about the wonders of Burton's
skills to transform the novel into a believable reality, I have some other views. My views dig past
the screen and break apart the struggles and decisions Burton made while directing. While I agree
with Hoffman, who noted this film is "Tim Burton's best in 20 years" (2016), there are some scenes
that left me confused and upset. To begin breaking down the adaptation, it must first be placed in a
category. This category tells us which form of adaptation it is and what we can expect under these
circumstances. I, personally, categorize this as a pluralist adaptation. During my screening of the
film, I spent a good chunk of my time looking for the analogies and similarities between the two.
This made it much easier to pick out the differences that lead me to conclude that the adaptation was
pluralist in nature. I also noticed how the film stuck quite closely to the novel's spirit, this made the
film more inviting and accurate. Riggs himself said in an interview that "[Burton] took the ideas I
had and made them bigger and more vibrant than I'd imagined"(Riggs, 2016). Another characteristic
of the film that made it a pluralist adaptation is how much it exists as its own production; yet many

The Discourse Of Authenticity Within The Music Industry
The discourse of authenticity in mass music culture has consistently been a recurring topic; from the
mid–1960s onwards, the rise of rock n' roll intensified a strong culture explicitly concerned with the
authenticity of musical artists.1 Remaining increasingly valued, a certain popular music approach
emerged, privileging anti–commercial, direct relationships between the autonomous act and its
audience 2 over manufactured, commoditized acts mediated before cultural consumption. The
conflict between commerce and authenticity3 portrays popular music industrial personnel and
practices as ingenuine, manipulative, and corrupted. However, Ed Sheeran, known as an
"unconventional pop star", 4 appears to defy his commercial surroundings; despite prominence in an
industry viewed with negative skepticism, his success revolves the rhetoric of true merit and talent.
Whether legitimate or not, Sheeran's perceived passion and genialness should not be absorbed as is;
like all cultural texts, Sheeran's image and music is neither autonomous nor uninterrupted in
cultural–industrial contexts. By analyzing Sheeran's strategic brand management and marketing, this
essay will argue that authenticity within the music industry is often enhanced and promoted for
profit, and in this case, affecting the direction and contents of Sheeran's sophomore album, x
(pronounced "multiply"). Ultimately, cultural texts that reach a popular audience are always under
market–oriented influences, no matter how hidden

A Short Story : A Story?
At that moment, I lost it. Tears streamed down my eyes, and instantly I hugged her and started
sobbing. Knowing that a single comment of mine made a difference touched me so profoundly. I felt
like I was hugging myself, old Sarah. I understood how she felt. I too wanted someone to invite me,
to feel validated. She was probably confused why I was crying, but so was I, maybe I was also
crying because I was letting out all the earlier emotions, colors, drain away.
"Hey Gwen, there you are," Chia said, "you just disappeared."
I released Makenzie and dried my eyes, hoping that I didn't look like a raccoon.
"Oh yeah, I was just saying hi to some of my old friends." Reena, Tanaya, and Ellie's mouth dropped
as they processed this. "Er, and these are also some of my cousin's Sarah's friends."
"Oh hi, nice to meet you," Chia said amiably, shaking each of their hands. Chia, she was so friendly
to everyone. Are you okay? Chia then asked, examining my eye makeup.
"Uh, yeah. You know what, yeah, I'm great! In fact how about we all get into the dance floor and
make our own group!" I wanted to add something about forming a sisterhood, but it just seemed a
little too over the top. Surprisingly, however, all the girls agreed, and we marched into the dance
floor and began to dance.
"Gwen!" Kiara said, suddenly materializing.
"Kiara!" I screamed, and we both embraced each other at once. I laughed so hard that I wanted to
start crying again, or maybe Kiara was hugging so tightly that it was

The Physici A Woman With Your Doctor Or Healthcare...
Alexandria: Not only was I more comfortable, I felt like I had to because I was giving her a hard
time.
Interviewer: How about the gender of the physician? If it was a male, do you think that would have
changed? Is your primary care also a female?
Alexandria: Right now, my regular is a female, but I did get checked up by a male once. There was a
female nurse, but I would just rather have a women. It is just more comfortable.
Interviewer: What outcomes do you want when talking with your doctor or healthcare provider
about human trafficking? What did you want to come form that conversation?
Alexandria: I just wanted her understanding and he not to have a hard time and to understand why I
am acting this way.
Interviewer: Did you want her to give you any kind of resources or did you not need any resources
and it was just more after the fact and you needed –
Alexandria: No, I did not need any resources.
Interviewer: You needed the healthcare.
Alexandria: Yeah.
Interviewer: So, you didn't need any other resources, this experience was post –
Alexandria: Yeah, it was just that she was having a very hard time even inserting the object and she
couldn't at all. So, that affects –
Interviewer: Your exam.
Alexandria: Yeah.
Interviewer: Again, I think we have touched in this, but how would you want your doctor or
healthcare provider to react?

Alexandria: More understanding.
Interviewer: We are going to talk about uncertainty. Did you feel unsure about whether or not

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