A presentation done at school for teachers and students to understand various facets about first aid that can be easily learnt and applied in daily course. Dr Amit Karkare

1. FIRST - AID
 What each of us should know...
 Revision
 Concept
 Education
 Comfort

2. definition
 It is the care given to an injured person to
STABILIZE until the professional medical
care is available.
 Common sense Vs Anxiety-Panic

3. FIRST THINGS FIRST!
 It is the FIRST aid... not FINAL.
 STABILIZE
◦ Emotionally
◦ Physically
◦ Haemo-dynamically
◦ Breathing & Circulation

4. Loss of Consciousness
 AIRWAY
 BREATHING
 CIRCULATION

5. ABC   step 2...

6. BLEEDING – types:

7. Bleeding: steps
 Direct pressure over
the bleeding point
 Elevation of the limb
(unless no #)
 Pressure over the
blood vessel
 Cold application

8. Specific bleeding: NOSE
 Mostly due to very delicate
capillaries within nose
 Trivial triggers - sneezing
 Pressure & Cold compress
 May vomit dark clots

9. Specific bleeding: SCALP
 Skin, blood vessels,
muscles and skull
within <1cm space
 Rich blood supply
but with muscular
guarding

10. Specific bleeding: puncture wound
a. THE OBJECT ACTS AS A PLUG
AND SHOULD NOT BE
REMOVED.
b. Keep the object from MOVING.
c. If object has been removed, it
is a case of BLEEDING.

11. Convulsions:

12. RECOVERY POSITION:
 Unconscious or semi-
conscious who is
breathing normal
 Not to be given if
spine or back injury
suspected

13. FRACTURES:
 STABILISE the lesion
with splint
 Put ICE PACK to
reduce the swelling
 DO NOT try to
restore the
alignment

14. HEAD INJURY:
 Signs to look for:
◦ Consciousness
◦ Convulsion
◦ Trauma
 Nose, Eye, Ear, Scalp
◦ Vomiting

15. Choking:

16. BURNs: chemical
 Wash under cold water
for at least TEN minutes
 Do not try to antidote
with other chemical
 Cover with clean cloth
 Ice pack

17. Heat Stroke:
 Usually exhaustion or
dehydration
 Recovery position till
regains consciousness
 Water & electrolytes
with glucose when
fully conscious - SIPs

18. SHOCK: fainting
 Check ABC
 Loosen clothing
 NOTHING BY MOUTH
 Make the victim lie down
◦ Face looks PALE – raist the TAIL
◦ Face looks RED – raise the HEAD
 Recovery position

19. ELECTRIC SHOCK:
 Shut off the electric current
 Check for:
◦ ABC
◦ Burns – external & internal
◦ Heart beats – regularity
◦ Injuries

20. Syncope:
 Vasovagal
◦ Pain / Bad news / Anxiety
 Postural hypotension
◦ Sudden rising
 Attention
 Recovery position

21. What NOT TO DO ?
 Do not discuss about the injury loudly
 Do not get create a crisis yourself
◦ If you can’t ACT, you can at least OBSERVE

22. The best aid...
THANKS !!