BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (ADULT) BLS

1. Prepared by:
VIJAYARADDI VANDALI &
KAMEL ABDI
FACULTY
DEPT OF NURSING
KOMAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,
SULEMANI, KURDISTAN.
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
ADULT

2. BasicLifeSupport
BACKGROUND
 Approximately 700,000 cardiac arrests per year
in Europe
 Survival to hospital discharge presently
approximately 5-10%
 Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival
of emergency services – double or triple
survival from SCA (sudden cardiac arrest)
 Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation
(within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60%
survival

3. BasicLifeSupport
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
SEQUENCES OF PROCEDURES PERFORMED TO
RESTORE THE CIRCULATION OF OXYGENATED
BLOOD AFTER A SUDDEN PULMONARY AND/OR
CARDIAC ARREST
CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND PULMONARY
VENTILATION PERFORMED BY ANYONE WHO
KNOWS HOW TO DO IT, ANYWHERE, IMMEDIATELY,
WITHOUT ANY OTHER EQUIPMENT
Protective devices

4. BasicLifeSupport
CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

5. BasicLifeSupport
Approach safely
Breathing 2
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
Chest compression 30
Open the airway

6. BasicLifeSupport
APPROACH SAFELY!
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
30 chest compression
Open airway
2 rescue breaths

7. BasicLifeSupport
CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check response +pulse
Shout for help
Call 122
30 chest compression
Open airway
Check breathing
2 rescue breaths

8. BasicLifeSupport
Shake shoulders gently
Ask “Are you all right?”
If he responds
• Leave as you find him.
• Find out what is wrong.
• Reassess regularly.
CHECK RESPONSE

9. BasicLifeSupport
SHOUT FOR HELP
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
30 chest compression
Open airway
Check breathing
2 rescue breaths

10. BasicLifeSupport
Approach safely
Check breathing
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
30 chest compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths

11. BasicLifeSupport
BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS
Airway
Breathing
Circulation (CAB)

12. BasicLifeSupport
30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
30 chest compressions
Open airway
2 rescue breaths

13. BasicLifeSupport
• Place the heel of one hand in
the centre of the chest
• Place other hand on top
• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
– Rate 100 min-1
– Depth 4-5 cm
– Equal compression : relaxation
• When possible change CPR
operator every 2 min
CHEST COMPRESSIONS

14. BasicLifeSupport
OPEN AIRWAY
Approach safely
Call 122
Check response
Shout for help
30 chest compression
Open airway
Check braething
2 rescue breaths

15. BasicLifeSupport
AIRWAY OPENING BY
NECK EXTENSION
Campbell

16. BasicLifeSupport
OPEN AIRWAY
Head tilt and chin lift
- lay rescuers
- non-healthcare rescuers
No need for finger sweep
unless solid material can be seen in the airway

17. BasicLifeSupport
OPEN AIRWAY
Head tilt, chin lift + jaw thrust
- healthcare professionals

18. BasicLifeSupport
CHECK BREATHING
Approach safely
Chest compression
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
Open airway
Check for breathing
2 rescue breaths

19. BasicLifeSupport
CHECK BREATHING
 Look, listen and feel
for NORMAL breathing
 Do not confuse
agonal breathing with
NORMAL breathing

20. BasicLifeSupport
RESCUE BREATHS
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 122
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths

21. BasicLifeSupport
RESCUE BREATHS
 Pinch the nose
 Take a normal breath
 Place lips over mouth
 Blow until the chest
rises
 Take about 1 second
 Allow chest to fall
 Repeat

22. BasicLifeSupport
Breathing: Mouth To
Nose (when to use)
Can’t open mouth
Can’t make a good seal
Severely injured mouth
Stomach distension
 Mouth to stoma (tracheotomy)

23. BasicLifeSupport
RESCUE BREATHS
RECOMMENDATIONS:
- Tidal volume
500 – 600 ml
- Respiratory rate
give each breaths over about 1s with enough
volume to make the victim’s chest rise
- Chest-compression-only
continuously at a rate of 100 min

24. BasicLifeSupport
CONTINUE CPR
30 2

25. BasicLifeSupport
Approach safely
Check response
Shout for help
Call 122
30 chest compression
Open airway
Check for breathing
2 rescue breaths

26. BasicLifeSupport
FOREIGN-BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION (FBAO)
Approximately 16 000 adults and children receive treatment for
FBAO in the UK yearly
SIGNS MILD obstruction SEVERE obstruction
“Are you choking?” “YES” Unable to speak,
may nod
Other signs Can speak, cough,
breathe
Can not
breathe/wheezy
breathing/silent
attempts to cough/
unconsciousness

27. BasicLifeSupport
ADULT FBAO TREATMENT

28. BasicLifeSupport
BACK BLOWS

29. BasicLifeSupport

30. BasicLifeSupport
ABDOMINAL THRUSTS

31. BasicLifeSupport

32. BasicLifeSupport
DEFIBRILLATION

33. BasicLifeSupport
AUTOMATED EXTERNAL
DEFIBRILLATOR (AED)
 Some AEDs will
automatically switch
themselves on when
the lid is opened

34. BasicLifeSupport

35. BasicLifeSupport
THANK YOU