structure and functions of the brain

1. The BRAIN

2. • it is located in the skull
• it has 3 layers (MENINGES)
1. Inner layer
- a wall that prevents bacteria from
reaching the brain.
2. Middle layer
- supplies nutrients and oxygen
3. Outer layer
- inner surface of the skull
Structure of the Brain

3. 3 PARTS OF THE BRAIN
•Brain Stem
- lowest section of the brain that
connects to the spinal cord.
- acts a pathway for message to
traveling between some parts of
the brain and the spinal cord

4. 3 Parts of the Brain Stem
• Medula
- controls involuntary movement
• Pons
- connects to major motor and sensory
nerves from the spinal cord
• Midbrain
- controls the eye movement and size of
the pupils. It coordinates with the head
movement and with sight and sound

6. CEREBELLUM
•It is at the back of the brain
stem and linked to it by nerve
tracts.
•It receives information from
muscle and balance organ in
the inner ear.

8. CEREBRUM
• It consists of billion of highly organized
neurons
• Glia cells supports the neurons and provides
oxygen and nutrients
• It is divided into 4 lobes or sections
1. Frontal
2. Temporal
3. Pariental
4. Occipital

9. •THALAMUS and
HYPOTHALAMUS
Thalamus
- consists of 2 egg shaped masses of
nerve tissue which receives message
from the sensory neurons and send
them to specific areas in the cerebrum
where they are interpreted.

10. Hypothalamus
- it lies between the thalamus and
pituitary gland.
- it receives sensory messages, controls
body temperature, heartbeat, kidney
function and sleeping pattern
- the function of pituitary gland is
controlled by the hypothalamus

13. FUNCTION OF THE
BRAIN
•It is the body’s control center
•Receives message from and
sends messages to all organs
and tissues of the body
•It controls both voluntary and
involuntary activities