Ratheesh Powerpoint Presentation

2. SABARIGIRI
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Anchal
Presented by
RATHEESH.R.
Option : Natural Science
Reg.No: 13379014

3. BRAIN AND
ITS ASSOCIATED PARTS

4. INTRODUCTION
The brain and the spinal cord are the important
parts of the nervous system.The brain is situated
inside a bony cranium.
The brain is covered by three layers. They
are called meninges. Meninges serve the
function of protection of brain and of providing
nutrients and oxygen to brain tissue through
their capillaries. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fills
the cavity between these layers.

5. PARTS OF A BRAIN
1.Cerebrum
2.Cerebellum
3. Medulla oblongata
4.Thalamus
5.Hypothalamus
6.Pons
7.Corpus Callosum

6. 1.Cerebrum
Cerebrum is the largest part
of the brain the surface is
highly convoluted-divided
into left and right
hemispheres - hemispheres
are bound by a horizontal
nerve tract called corpus
callosum near the base. The
outer cortex of the cerebrum
is grey matter and inner
medulla is white matter

7. Functions
Centre of consciousness
thorough, imagination, memory,
analytical thinking
Awareness of vision, hearing
,smell taste, touch, heat etc.
Control of voluntary action

8. 2.Cerebellum
Cerebellum seen
behind the cerebrum as
two lobes – longitudinal
grooves seen on the
surface in place of
convolutions – cortex is
grey matter and
medulla is white matter

9. Functions
Maintains balance and equilibrium
of body
Coordinates muscular activities and
impulses for this come from
cerebrum

10. 3.Medulla oblongata
Medulla oblongata is
the most basal part of
the brain. It continues
behind as the spinal
cord. Outer white
matter and inner grey
matter present.

11. Functions
Controls heart beat, breathing
contraction of blood vessels,
gastrointestinal movements
vomiting, sneezing coughing
and other involuntary
activities.

12. 4. Thalamus
Thalamus is the nerve centre seen
just bellow the cerebrum. it act as
relay station for incoming and outgoing
impulses

13. Functions
Relays transmission of impulses to
the cerebrum and from the
cerebrum.
Prevents passage of many of the
impulses to cerebrum during sleep.
Narcotics influence the thalamus
and thus prevents the passage of
pain impulses to cerebrum.

14. 5. Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
seen just bellow
the thalamus. It
connected to
the pituitary
gland through
nerves and blood
vessels

15. Functions
Maintains homeostasis by regulating
the body temperature, water level etc.
Centre of thirst, hunger sexual drive etc
Production of hormones oxytocin and
vasopressin.
Controls the secretion of pituitary
hormones
Helps to maintain the normal
constitution of blood.

16. 6. Pons
Pons connect the two
lobes of the cerebellum
horizontally
Functions
Functions as the centre
through which impulses
travel to and from the
cerebellum, spinal cord
and other parts of the
brain

17. 7. Corpus callosum
Corpus callosum connect the left and right
cerebral hemispheres