sem-5 gtu pharmacy

1. Aritha

2. SYNONYM: Ritha, Reetha, Arishta, Dodan, Dodani, Doda, Soapnut
B.S.: it consist of dried fruit of Sapindus Trifoliatus (S.I), Sapindus
Mukorassi (N.I.)
Family: Sapindaceae
• Geographical Source: Sub himalayan region, S.I. & N.I.

3. Cultivation & Collection:
• Propagated by seed.
• Grown well in deep loamy soil & need 150 to 200 cm of annual
rainfall.
• Tree can reach a height of 25 m & a grith of 3 -5 m in nearly 70 years
of its existance.
• Excellent tree for planting along the road.
• Flowring during summer.
• Fruit appears in july –aug. & ripens by nov.-dec.
• Fruit is collected during winter monhs for seed & sale in markert as
soap nut.

4. • Morphology:
• Leaves: compound, alternate, pinnate, abt. 25 to 30 cm long. Leaflet
are eliptic-lance shaped, smooth with tipped points and slightly oblique
base. Often found in pairs of 2-3 & are 8-18 cm long and 5 – 7.5 cm
wide. Greenish-white flower are terminal with velvaty axis.
• Fruit:
• Color: yellowish become black after ripening
• Odour: pleasant
• Taste: sweet then bitter
• Shape: globous
• Size: 1-2 cm in diameter
• Valvaty when young & become hard when maturing.
• It has small leathery-skinned drupe containing 1-3 seeds.
• Fruit become wrinkled when ripe.

5. • CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS:
• Fruit contains saponin(10-11.5%), sugure( 10 %) and mucilage. Sapindus
saponin is mixture of 6 sapindosides(A,B,C,D, & mukorozi
saponin(E1,Y1) like Dioscin, protodiscin, diosgenin, gitogenin,
chlorogenin & rusogenin.
• Seed contain fatty acid B-sitosterol, starch, sugars (10%), mucilage,
protein.
• Pericarp contain 2 new triterpenoid saponin emerginatoside-B & C
• Use:
• mucolytic agent, emetic, contraceptive, tmt of excessive salivation,
epelepsy, treat chlorosis.
• Anti inflammatory, antimicrobial activity, insecticidal activity
• Cosmetic, as a hair tonic. .

6. • Substituent & Adultrant:
• Sapindus delavayi
• Acacia sinuta (Lour.) Merrill
• Commercial verities:
• Sapindus emerginatus
• Sapindus laurifolius
• Sapindus delavayi