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- 2. ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋࡖ ࡀࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡉࡕ ࡀࡁࡀࡕࡊ ࡀ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡀࡕࡋࡔࡅࡔ ࡍࡌࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡉࡍࡉࡕࡖ ࡀࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡂࡀࡎ ࡀࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡇࡁࡅ ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋ , ࡀࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡖ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡌ ࡐࡉࡋࡀࡉ , ࡀࡉࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡋ ࡕࡉࡔࡓࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡌ ࡇࡁࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉࡋ ࡀࡉࡅࡄࡉࡕࡋ ࡀࡕࡋࡉࡔࡅࡔ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡕࡉࡁࡕࡉࡊ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ , ࡀࡂࡓࡀࡃࡅ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡅࡂ ࡇࡍࡌ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡄࡕࡉࡌ ࡊࡀࡓࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋࡖ ࡍࡀࡐࡀࡋࡅࡉ ࡀࡕࡋࡉࡁࡌࡅࡎ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡉࡀࡌࡃࡀࡒ ࡅࡄࡀࡌ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡕࡄࡉࡃࡀࡌࡅ ࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡌ ࡇࡁࡖ ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡉࡆࡉࡆࡀ ࡀࡉࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡋ ࡁࡀࡈࡅ . This is the second book of the Mandaean language books series. It has many lessons that the student learns from. These lessons in the book are from the lessons that I taught to my students. I wrote this series so that the learners can benefit from a curriculum and the first degree of teaching the Mandaean language, which has beautiful and beloved knowledge for dear students. 2
- 3. ࡗ ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋ ࡐࡀࡑࡅࡓࡀࡁ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡍࡀࡐࡀࡋࡅࡉࡁ ࡉࡀࡕࡅࡃࡄ ࡀࡆࡅࡒࡏ ࡍࡀࡁࡀࡆࡁࡅ ࡍࡀࡀࡈࡅࡂ ࡍࡀࡀࡃࡉࡏ ࡍࡌ ࡇࡐࡕࡉࡋࡀࡉ ࡍࡀࡀ , ࡓࡉࡕࡀࡉ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌࡖ ࡀࡉࡊࡍࡅࡁࡅ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡊࡀ ࡕࡉࡌࡀࡈࡅ ࡋࡊࡅࡋ ࡀࡍࡕࡀࡌࡀࡆ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄࡅ ࡇࡋࡉࡀࡕࡁࡀࡄࡌࡅ ࡇࡕࡅࡌࡄࡀࡓ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋ ࡐࡀࡋࡀࡉࡌࡋ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡁ ࡖ ࡐࡀࡑࡅࡓࡐࡀ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃࡅ ࡀࡉࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡍࡊࡅࡉࡀࡃࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡉࡁ ࡍࡀࡉࡌࡉࡎࡀࡌ ࡀࡕࡅࡔࡅ ࡀࡓࡌࡉࡌ ࡐࡀࡅ ࡀࡌࡅࡔࡅ ࡀࡕࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡌ ࡍࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉࡕ My happiness is for everyone to learn the Mandaean language as I learned the Mandaean language in a short time and in a short time and tasted its weights and the rules of its vocabulary, which increased her love and my love for her, and this is an invitation to every person who wants to learn the Mandaean language and here I present to you my books and lessons from which you will learn the word, verb, noun and also speech And the conversation ࡁࡀࡋ ࡉࡀࡄࡀࡅࡓࡐࡀ ࡅࡁࡑ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡋࡏ ࡉࡀࡓࡀࡌ ࡉࡀࡄࡀࡅࡓࡐࡀ ࡀࡕࡁࡀࡈ ࡀࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀࡀࡅ ࡌࡏࡅ My thanks to God for everything and my thanks to my father and mother and the good family ࡍࡅࡒࡕ ࡋࡉࡌࡀࡊ ࡌࡀࡓࡊࡀ Made by Akram Kamil 3
- 4. - - ࡀ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 1 ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡃ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡁࡅࡒࡉࡍ ࡀࡃࡄࡉࡋࡀ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡏ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡏ ࡅࡄ ࡏࡄ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡅࡄ ࡏࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡋࡈ ࡀࡆࡍࡉࡂ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡉࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡍࡉࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ 4
- 5. - - ࡁ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 2 ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡃ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡁࡅࡒࡉࡍ ࡀࡃࡄࡉࡋࡀ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡀࡆࡀࡄ ࡀࡒࡍࡀࡉ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡋࡉࡁࡉࡕ ࡀࡆࡀࡄ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡋࡈ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡄ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡄ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡄ ࡀࡒࡍࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡄ ࡋࡉࡁࡉࡕ ࡀࡆࡍࡉࡂ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡓࡌࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡍࡀࡄ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡍࡀࡄ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡍࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡅࡂ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡍࡀࡄ ࡀࡉ࡛ࡍࡕࡀ 5
- 6. - - ࡂ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 3 ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ( this.m ) ࡀࡆࡀࡄ, ( this.f ) ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ, ( these ) , ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ( house ) , ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ( that ) ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡈࡌ ࡀࡌࡏ , ( arrived ) ࡀࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀ ( family ) ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡍࡌ ࡁࡀࡓ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ ࡇࡕࡁࡓࡅࡔ ࡌࡏ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁࡋ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡖ ࡀࡌࡏ ࡀࡆࡀࡄ ࡍࡌ ࡔࡉࡔࡀࡒ ࡀࡈࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁࡋ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡅࡋࡓࡀࡌࡀࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡎࡀ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡊࡋࡉࡅࡄࡉࡍ ࡉࡀࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀ 6
- 7. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡍࡌ ࡁࡀࡓ ࡀࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ 2 . ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡌ 3 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡔࡉࡔࡀࡒ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡌࡏ ࡅࡏ 4 . ࡍࡅࡀࡌ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡖ 5 . ࡀࡌ ࡅࡄ ࡅࡂࡁ ࡊࡀࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡁࡀࡓ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ 2 . ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁࡋ ࡋࡉࡆࡀ 3 . ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡖ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ 4 . ࡃࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡓࡀࡃࡎࡅ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡊ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡃࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡏ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡆࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ , , , ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡀࡄ 1 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ 2 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡌࡔࡉࡍ 3 - ࡀࡌࡏ 4 - ࡀࡃࡋࡀࡉ 7
- 8. - - ࡃ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 4 ࡍࡀࡌ ( who ) ࡀࡊࡌ ࡅࡄࡀࡌ ࡀࡌ ، ، ، ( how ) ࡀࡌࡋࡀ ، ( why ) ، ࡅࡌࡀ ( why ) ࡀࡉࡋࡀ ، ( where, to where ) ࡀࡉࡍࡁࡀࡆࡌ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡔࡍࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡅ ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡒ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡖ ࡀࡂࡄࡍࡀࡁ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀ ࡀࡕࡓࡅࡕ ࡍࡉࡌ ࡍࡀࡁࡀࡆࡌ ࡖ ࡀࡔࡍࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡕࡓࡅࡕ ࡖ . ࡍࡉࡄࡉࡍࡀࡉࡌ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡅ . ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ࡖ ࡀࡔࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡄࡉࡍࡀࡉࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡀࡒࡅ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ ࡖ ࡋࡉࡆࡀ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡍࡀࡁࡆࡉࡌࡋ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡅ ࡇࡋࡉࡍࡁࡀࡆࡌ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡅ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ ࡀࡌࡉࡎࡀࡁ ࡀࡊࡌ 8
- 9. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡀࡉࡍࡁࡀࡆࡌࡖ ࡍࡀࡌ 2 . ࡀࡌ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ 3 . ࡅࡄࡀࡌ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡔࡉࡔࡁ 4 . ࡋࡉࡆࡀ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡌࡋࡀ 5 . ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡒ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡖ ࡀࡂࡄࡍࡀࡁ ࡅࡌࡀ 6 . ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡋࡉࡆࡀ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡋࡀ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡌ ࡀࡕࡓࡅࡕ 2 . ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡅ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡉࡄࡉࡍࡀࡉࡌ 3 . ࡍࡀࡁࡆࡉࡌࡋ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡋࡉࡆࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡅ 4 . ࡀࡌࡉࡎࡀࡁ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡊࡌ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ 5 . ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄࡊࡀ ࡀࡉࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡉࡋࡀ ࡅࡌࡀ ࡀࡌࡋࡀ ࡀࡊࡌ ࡅࡄࡀࡌ ࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡌ ، ، ، ، ، ، 1 - ࡋࡉࡉࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁࡋ 2 - ࡃࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀ 3 - ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡔ 4 - ࡍࡅࡓࡒࡉࡕ 5 - ࡋࡀࡂࡉࡋࡁ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ 6 - ࡀࡉ ࡋࡆࡉࡕ ࡉࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ 7 - ࡀࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ ࡍࡉࡓࡌࡀ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ 9
- 10. - – ࡄ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 5 ( ࡀࡄࡀ brother ,) ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ( sister ( , ) ࡀࡁࡋࡊࡀ dog , ) ( ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ he loves ( ,) ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ honey ) ࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡍࡌ ࡍࡉࡌ ࡁࡀࡓ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡕࡓࡍࡀࡀࡔ ࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡕࡓࡍࡀࡀࡔ ࡀࡌࡄࡀࡓ ࡀࡆࡍࡉࡂ ࡏࡄ ࡀࡁࡋࡊࡀ ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡅࡄ ࡌࡅࡉ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡎ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃࡋ ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡀࡉࡍࡁ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡋ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡖ ࡍࡀࡁࡉࡆ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡉࡃࡀࡃࡄࡉࡁ 10
- 11. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡍࡉࡌ ࡁࡀࡓ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡌ 2 . ࡀࡁࡋࡊࡀ ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡖ ࡍࡅࡀࡌ 3 . ࡏࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ ࡀࡌࡄࡀࡓ 4 . ࡍࡌ ࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡏࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ 5 . ࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡌ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡄ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ 2 . ࡀࡕࡓࡍࡀࡀࡔ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ 3 . ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡁࡋࡊࡀ 4 . ࡀࡔࡁࡅࡃ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡌࡅࡉ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡁࡀࡓ , ࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ , ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡓࡉࡕࡀࡉ , 1 - ࡀࡕࡓࡍࡀࡀࡔ ࡀࡌࡄࡀࡓ ࡏࡄ ࡇࡍࡉࡌ 2 - ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡍࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡋࡈ 3 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀ ࡀࡄࡀ ࡍࡌ 4 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 11
- 12. - - ࡅ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 6 (ࡀࡓࡅࡀࡕ ox ,) ࡀࡓࡁࡀࡃ ( field , ) ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ( bird ( , ) ࡀࡓࡁࡌࡏ lamb ( ,) ࡍࡀࡁࡉࡃ fold ( , ) ࡐࡀࡅࡀ barn ,) ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ( he sits ) ࡀࡓࡁࡉࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡅࡀࡕ ࡍࡀࡁࡉࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡁࡌࡏ ࡀࡄ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡋࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡀ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡉࡒ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡊࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡋࡏ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡗ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡒ ࡖ ࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡉࡒ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡋࡀࡂࡉࡋࡁ ࡀࡈࡄࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡄࡍࡀ ࡍࡌ ࡉࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡕࡀࡔ ࡅࡄ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡀࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡀࡉࡆࡄ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡆࡀࡄ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑࡁ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ 12
- 13. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡀࡓࡁࡉࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ ࡍࡀࡌ 2 . ࡍࡀࡁࡉࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡁࡌࡏ ࡏࡌ 3 . ࡅࡄࡀࡌ ࡋࡏ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ 4 . ࡖ ࡍࡀࡉࡒ ࡊࡀࡏ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ 5 . ࡀࡓࡄࡍࡀ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡉࡕࡀࡔ ࡍࡀࡌ 6 . ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑࡁ ࡀࡌ ࡃࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡅࡀࡕ ࡀࡓࡁࡉࡃࡁ 2 . ࡀࡓࡁࡌࡏ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ ࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡁࡉࡃࡁ 3 . ࡍࡀࡉࡒ ࡋࡏ ࡖ ࡊࡀࡀ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ 4 . ࡉࡀࡌ ࡍࡌ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡕࡀࡔ ࡀࡓࡄࡍࡀ 5 . ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑࡁ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓ , ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡕࡀࡔ ࡀࡈࡄࡀࡓ , , , 1 - ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ ࡓࡀ ࡋࡏ ࡚ ࡒ ࡀ 2 - ࡋࡀࡂࡉࡋࡁ ࡀࡋࡆࡀࡅ 3 - ࡀࡕࡓࡅࡀࡕ ࡀࡓࡁࡉࡃࡁ 4 - ࡀࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ 5 - ࡉࡀࡌ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡅ ࡀࡌࡄࡀࡋ 13
- 14. - - ࡆ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 7 (ࡀࡓࡉࡕ door ) ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ( towards ( ) ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂ garden ) (ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ tree ( ) ࡀࡃࡓࡀࡅ flower ) ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡇࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡀࡁࡓ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂ ࡀࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡃࡓࡀࡅ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡓࡏ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡀࡅࡄ ࡌࡀࡃࡀ ࡛ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡀࡉࡃࡋࡀࡉ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ 14
- 15. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡅࡄࡀࡌ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂࡁ 2 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡌࡀࡎ 3 . ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡕ ࡀࡊࡌ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡕࡉࡀࡁࡋ 4 . ࡖ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡀࡈࡅࡆ 5 . ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡖ ࡍࡅࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ 2 . ࡇࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ 3 . ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡁ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡀࡁࡓ ࡖ 4 . ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡉࡃࡓࡀࡅ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂ ࡀࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ , ࡇࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ , , ࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡓࡏ , ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ 1 - ࡀࡁࡓ 2 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ ࡖ ࡀࡃࡉࡋࡒ 3 - ࡀࡄࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ 4 - ࡀࡄࡀ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡀࡓࡉࡕ 5 - ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ 15
- 16. - - ࡇ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 8 ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ( teacher , ) ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ( student ( , ) ࡀࡓࡒ read ) ( , ࡇࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃ his lessons , ) ࡔࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐ ( understood ) ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡔࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡋ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡄ ࡓࡀࡍࡄࡀ ࡀࡉ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡕࡀ ࡌࡀࡃࡀ ࡀࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡋ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡇࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡓࡒ ࡇࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌࡋ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡀࡉࡃࡀࡃࡄࡉࡁ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 16
- 17. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡃࡅࡌ ࡃࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 2 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡔࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 3 . ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡍࡅࡀࡌࡋ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ 4 . ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡓࡒ ࡍࡀࡌ 5 . ࡍࡅࡀࡌࡋ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡓࡒ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡋ ࡔࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀ 2 . ࡋࡊࡅ ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕࡋ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ 3 . ࡀࡓࡒ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡇࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌࡋ ࡇࡉࡔࡀࡓࡃ 4 . ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡃࡀࡃࡄࡉࡁ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡓࡒ , ࡔࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐ ࡀࡉࡃࡀࡃࡄࡉࡁ ࡌࡉࡄࡀࡓ , , 1 - ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃࡋ 2 - ࡕࡀࡌࡉࡎࡅ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ 3 - ࡀࡉࡀࡉ ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ ࡌࡀࡓ 4 - ࡀࡉࡃࡓࡀࡅ 17
- 18. - - ࡈ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 9 ࡛ ࡐࡉࡋࡀࡉ ( learns , ) ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ( learner ( ,) ࡀࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅ notebook , ) ( ࡀࡉࡎࡓࡊࡅ chair , ) ࡁࡀ࡛ࡊࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡎࡓࡊࡅ ࡋࡏ ࡀࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ ࡁࡀ࡛ࡊࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡅࡄ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ ࡅࡄ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡌࡀࡓࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ 18 ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ
- 19. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡅࡄࡊࡀ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡀ 2 . ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡌࡊࡀ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡀ 3 . ࡅࡄࡊࡀ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ 4 . ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡉࡎࡓࡊࡅ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡋࡏ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ 2 . ࡁࡀ࡛ࡊࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ 3 . ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡅࡄ 4 . ࡛ ࡐࡉࡋࡀࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡛ ࡐࡉࡋࡀࡉ , ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅ , , ࡁࡀ࡛ࡊࡕ , ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡀ 1 - ࡁ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡀ 2 - ࡍࡌ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ 3 - ࡋࡀࡌࡕࡏ ࡀࡓࡌࡉࡌ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡅࡄ 4 - ࡔࡉࡓࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅ ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡋࡊࡅ 5 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ 19
- 20. - - ࡉ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 10 ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ( bird , ,) ࡈ ࡀࡈࡅࡆ ࡉࡉࡀ (ࡎ he flies , ) ࡀࡈࡉࡄ ( wheat ,) (ࡀࡓࡀࡎ barley ( , ) ࡍࡀࡉࡒ nest ( ,) ࡀࡉࡌࡍࡀࡀ melodies ) ࡖ ࡀࡋࡀࡒ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡓࡉࡁࡊࡀࡀࡋ ࡀࡈࡅࡆ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡌࡅࡔࡁ ࡎࡉࡉࡀࡈ ࡅࡄ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡅ ࡀࡈࡉࡄ ࡀࡓࡀࡎࡅ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉࡅ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡉࡒࡁ ࡀࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒࡅ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡌࡍࡀࡀ { ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ ࡋ ࡀ ࡀࡉࡌࡅ ࡀࡌࡄ ࡀࡆࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡔࡅ ࡀࡉࡉࡍࡀ ࡀࡔࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡍࡀࡁࡋ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡃࡀࡓࡌࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡃࡉࡓࡖ ࡀࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡀࡁࡓ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡂ ࡍࡅࡋࡉࡈࡉࡌ ( } ࡍࡀࡉࡌࡀࡉࡖ ) 20
- 21. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡀࡌ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ 2 . ࡎࡉࡉࡀࡈ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡋ 3 . ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀࡓࡉࡁࡊࡀ 4 . ࡅࡄ ࡊࡀࡏ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡖ ࡀࡋࡀࡒ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ 2 . ࡅࡄ ࡎࡉࡉࡀࡈ ࡀࡌࡅࡔࡁ 3 . ࡀࡓࡀࡎࡅ ࡀࡈࡉࡄ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ 4 . ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡍࡀࡉࡒࡁ 5 . ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡀࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡈ ࡀࡈࡅࡆ , ࡉࡉࡀ ࡎ , ࡀࡈࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡌࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓࡀࡎ , , 1 - ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡅ 2 - ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡑ ࡀࡒࡓࡀࡁ 3 - ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ 4 - ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ 21
- 22. - - ࡊ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 11 ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ ( friends ( ,) ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀ successful ( ,) ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁ school ( ,) ࡀࡉࡓࡒࡅࡀࡌ respects ( ,) ࡀࡉࡄࡉࡍ long live ) ࡃࡅࡓࡅ ࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡋ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡉ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀ ࡍࡅࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡉࡁࡃࡊࡀࡅ ࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡓࡒࡅࡀࡌ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁ ࡖ ࡃࡅࡓࡅ ࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡉࡄࡉࡍ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀ 22
- 23. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡃࡅࡓࡀࡅ ࡌࡀࡓ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ ࡀࡉࡋࡀ 2 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ ࡃࡅࡓ ࡖ 3 . ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡒࡅࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡌ 4 . ࡒ ࡀࡌ ) ( ࡀࡉࡃ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁ ࡅࡂ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡕࡉࡁࡋ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ 2 . ࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡅࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡉࡁࡃࡊࡀࡅ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 3 . ࡀࡉࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡉࡓࡒࡅࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡕࡉࡁ 4 . ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡉࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡉࡄࡉࡍ ࡀࡉࡓࡒࡅࡀࡌ ࡍࡉࡁࡃࡊࡀࡅ ࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡉࡋࡆࡀ , , , , 1 - ࡃࡅࡓࡅ ࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡒࡅࡔࡋ 2 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀ 3 - ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ 4 - ࡀࡉࡌࡄࡀࡓࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡁࡀ ࡍࡅࡋࡉࡃ 5 - ࡍࡅࡉࡀࡁࡀࡊࡃ ࡁࡀࡃࡊ to write ࡁࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡊ to lie 23
- 24. - - ࡋ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 12 ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ( peddler ( , ) ࡀࡓࡅࡆࡀࡄ apple ( , ) ࡀࡁࡌࡀࡓࡀࡒ watermelon ( , ) ࡀࡉࡒࡎࡉࡔ Eriobotrya , ) ࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡌࡅࡔ ( onion ,) ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ( buy ( ,) ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡒࡓࡀࡉ vegetables ) ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ࡀࡋࡀࡒࡁ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡓࡀࡌࡀࡅ ࡔࡉࡌࡔࡉࡌ ࡀࡉࡒࡎࡉࡔ ࡀࡁࡌࡀࡓࡀࡒ ࡀࡓࡅࡆࡀࡄ ࡀࡆࡅࡀࡌ ࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡌࡅࡔ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡓࡊࡀ ࡌࡅࡕ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡓࡀࡌࡀ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ؟ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡕࡎࡅࡁ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡒࡓࡀࡉ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ࡀࡓࡉࡎࡐࡀࡎ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ࡀࡔࡍࡀࡀ ࡋࡊࡅࡋ ࡍࡉࡁࡀࡆࡌ ࡇࡍࡉࡌ ࡁࡀࡎࡍࡅ ࡀࡉࡄࡀࡓࡀ ࡛ ࡐ ࡀࡉࡆࡅࡆࡅ 24
- 25. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ 2 . ࡍࡉࡁࡀࡆࡌ ࡍࡀࡌ 3 . ࡃࡅࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡌ ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ࡍࡀࡕࡎࡅࡁ ࡍࡌ 4 . ࡅࡄ ࡁࡀࡎࡍ ࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡒࡓࡀࡉ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡕࡎࡅࡁ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡌ ࡍࡌ 2 . ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡆ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ 3 . ࡍࡉࡁࡀࡆࡌ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ࡋࡊࡅࡋ 4 . ࡓࡀࡌࡀ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ؟ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡓࡅࡆࡀࡄ , ࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡌࡅࡔ ࡍࡉࡁࡀࡆࡌ , , ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆ ࡀࡁࡌࡀࡓࡀࡒ ࡁࡀࡎࡍ , , 1 - ࡌࡀࡃࡀ ࡖ 2 - ࡀࡒࡀࡌࡅࡎ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡇࡁࡉࡋ 3 - ࡇࡍࡉࡌ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡁࡀࡊࡕ 4 - ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡒࡓࡀࡉ 5 - ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡂ ࡀࡉࡒࡎࡉࡔ ࡅ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡓࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ 25
- 26. - - ࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 13 ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡉࡔ ( sleep ( , ) ࡇࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀ his family ( , ) ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡄࡌ washes ,) (ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡔ serves , ) ࡀࡕࡋࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡅࡀࡌ ( food ) ࡀࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡌ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡉࡔ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡅ ࡀࡕࡋࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡅࡀࡌ ࡇࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀ ࡌࡏ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡓࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ ࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡌ ࡀࡉࡌࡁ ࡀࡉࡃࡏ ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡄࡌ ࡀࡉࡅࡁࡀ ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡔࡅ ࡀࡉࡃࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡁ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒࡅ 26
- 27. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡀࡌ ࡃࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡒ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡋࡊࡅ 2 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡌࡏ ࡋࡉ ࡛࡛ ࡊࡀ 3 . ࡀࡌ ࡅࡄ ࡍ ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡔ 4 . ࡀࡌ ࡃࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡓࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ ࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡌ 5 . ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡕࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡏ ࡇࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀ ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡅ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡌࡏ 2 . ࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡌ ࡀࡉࡌࡁ ࡓࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡄࡌ ࡀࡉࡃࡏ 3 . ࡀࡉࡃࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡁ ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡔࡅ ࡀࡉࡅࡁࡀ 4 . ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡉࡔ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡉࡔ ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡔ ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡄࡌ , , , ࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ 1 - ࡀࡉࡌࡁ ࡀࡉࡃࡏ 2 - ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡄࡀࡁࡀ ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡋࡊࡅࡁ 3 - ࡋ ࡋࡉࡆࡀ 4 - ࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡌ ࡀࡌࡉࡎࡀࡁ ࡀࡌࡀࡈ 27
- 28. - - ࡍ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 14 ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀ ( baptizes ( ,) ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ believers , ) ࡀࡁࡀࡔ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ , ( ࡁࡉࡎࡍࡀ takes , ) ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡄࡀࡉ ( give , ) ( ࡌࡀࡒ before ) ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀࡁࡀࡔ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ ࡋࡊࡅࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡄࡉࡃ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡍࡀࡉࡌ ࡀࡉࡈࡔࡊࡅ ࡁࡉࡎࡍࡀࡅ ࡖ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡃࡁࡉࡍࡀࡋ ࡌࡋࡀ ࡍࡆࡀࡄࡁ ࡀࡔࡉࡁ ࡀ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡄࡀࡉ ࡌࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡒࡃࡉࡆ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡀࡕࡅ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀࡌ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡀࡕࡅ ࡛࡛ ࡁࡑࡀࡌࡅ ࡍࡅࡋࡉࡓࡈࡍࡀ ࡀࡋࡉࡀࡄࡁ ࡀࡔ ࡛ ࡐࡍࡀ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡍࡀࡉࡌ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡀࡁ ࡍࡀࡄࡉࡁࡔࡅࡕࡅ 28
- 29. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡍࡀࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ 2 . ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀ 3 . ࡅࡄ ࡁࡉࡎࡍࡀ ࡀࡌ 4 . ࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡄࡀࡉ 5 . ࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡃ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡉࡒࡃࡉࡆ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡌࡀࡒ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡀࡕࡅ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡄࡀࡉ 2 . ࡍࡀࡄࡉࡁࡔࡅࡕࡅ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡀࡁ ࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ 3 . ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 4 . ࡀࡉࡈࡔࡊࡅ ࡁࡉࡎࡍࡀࡅ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡍࡀࡉࡌ 5 . ࡍࡅࡋࡉࡓࡈࡍࡀ ࡍࡅࡄࡉࡀࡕࡅ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀࡌࡅ ࡀࡔ ࡛ ࡐࡍࡀ ࡀࡋࡉࡀࡄࡁ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡑࡀ ࡁࡉࡎࡍࡀ , , ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡄࡀࡉ ࡌࡀࡒ , , ࡍࡅࡃ ࡛ ࡁࡉࡍ 1 - ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡆࡍࡀࡂ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 2 - ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡉࡀࡄࡌ ࡀࡒࡃࡉࡆ 3 - ࡇࡋࡀࡁࡋ 4 - ࡀࡉࡈࡉࡔࡊ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡀࡁࡀࡈ 5 - ࡀࡁࡀࡔ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡓࡕ ࡀࡁࡀࡔ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡄ 29
- 30. - - ࡎ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 15 ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡂ ( vine ( , ) ࡀࡓࡉࡐ fruit ,) ࡛ ࡐࡉࡈࡀࡒ ( he picks up , ) (ࡌࡉࡎࡀࡌ he puts ( , ) ࡀࡋࡕࡊࡅ basket ) ࡀ࡛ࡍࡕࡉࡂ ࡀࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡋࡏ ࡀࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡏࡅ ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡅࡂ ࡀࡉࡁࡌࡏ ࡖ ࡀࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡅࡆࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡔࡉࡌࡔࡉࡌ ࡖ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡅ ࡁ ࡌࡉࡎࡀ ࡀࡆࡍࡉࡂ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡉࡏࡁ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡂࡍࡅࡓࡕ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡒࡀࡓࡅࡉ ࡀࡕࡉࡆ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡉࡂ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡈࡀࡒ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡌࡉࡎࡀࡌ ࡅࡄ ࡊࡀࡓࡉࡍࡃࡉࡎ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡉࡓࡌࡅࡕ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡌࡀࡈ ࡀࡕࡓࡀࡌࡅࡕ ࡀࡋࡕࡊࡅࡁ 30
- 31. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡀࡌ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂࡁ 2 . ࡀࡓࡅࡆࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡌࡊࡀ 3 . ࡀࡉࡂࡍࡅࡓࡕ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐ ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀࡓࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ 4 . ࡀࡕࡉࡆ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡌ 5 . ࡀࡌ ࡃࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡉࡂ 6 . ࡀࡌࡀࡈ ࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡀࡕࡓࡀࡌࡅࡕ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡌࡀࡓ ࡖ ࡀࡓࡅࡆࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ 2 . ࡀࡕࡉࡆ ࡀࡒࡀࡓࡅࡉ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ 3 . ࡀࡕࡓࡀࡌࡅࡕ ࡀࡌࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡄ 4 . ࡀࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡋࡏ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂ 5 . ࡀࡉࡂࡍࡅࡓࡕ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡉࡏࡁ ࡀࡆࡍࡉࡂ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐ ࡖ 6 . ࡊࡀࡓࡉࡍࡃࡉࡎ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡈࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡓࡌࡅࡕ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡉࡂ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂ , , ࡛ ࡐࡉࡈࡀࡒ ࡌࡉࡎࡀࡌ , 1 - ࡀࡌࡍࡅ ࡖ 2 - ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ 3 - ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡁࡌࡏ 4 - ࡀࡕࡁࡀࡓ 5 - ࡀࡕࡋࡊࡅࡁ ࡀࡉࡓࡌࡅࡕ 31
- 32. - - ࡏ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 16 ࡀࡃࡄ ࡍࡉࡕࡓࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕ ࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡄ ࡕࡉࡔ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡔ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡕ ࡀ ࡙ ࡔࡕ ࡓࡀࡎࡀ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡀࡃࡄ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡍࡉࡕࡓࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡔࡉࡌࡀࡄ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡀࡕࡔ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡔ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡕ ࡀ ࡙ ࡔࡕ ࡀࡓࡎ ࡍࡉࡓࡎࡀ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡓࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕ ࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡀࡔࡌࡀࡄ ࡀࡕࡉࡔ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡅࡔ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡕ ࡀࡔࡉࡕ ࡀࡓࡎࡀ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡀࡃࡄ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡍࡉࡓࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡀࡔࡌࡀࡄ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡀࡕࡉࡔ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡅࡔ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡕ ࡓࡀࡎ ࡀࡔࡉࡕ 32
- 33. - - ࡐ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 17 ࡀࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡏࡄ ࡔࡉࡓࡀࡃ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡍࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡔࡉࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡕࡀࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡉࡔࡓࡀࡃ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡉ ࡍࡉࡕࡀࡔࡓࡀࡃ 33
- 34. ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡏࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡍࡀࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡍࡉࡍࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡉࡍࡀ ࡕࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅࡕࡉࡓࡀࡒ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡉ ࡍࡉࡕࡀࡉࡓࡀࡒ 34
- 35. - - ࡑ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 18 ( ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡈࡌ plays ( ,) ࡌࡀࡕࡀࡄ there , ) ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ( student , ) ( ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ boy ) ࡌࡀࡕࡀࡄ ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡈࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡉࡃࡊࡀ ࡛ ࡁ ࡇࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡍࡅࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡉ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅࡕࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡉࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡉࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡕࡉࡋࡈ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 35
- 36. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡈࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡊࡀࡏ 2 . ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 3 . ࡉࡃࡊࡀ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡛ ࡁ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 4 . ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡌ ࡓࡉࡕࡀࡉ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡈ ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡈࡌ ࡌࡀࡕࡀࡄ 2 . ࡇࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡊࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 3 . ࡍࡅࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 4 . ࡍࡉࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡉࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡋࡉࡋࡀࡈࡌ , ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡊࡀ , ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ , ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ , ࡍࡅࡕࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ , ࡍࡉࡕࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡃࡊࡀ 1 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ 2 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡉࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ 3 - ࡀࡃࡋࡀࡉ ࡀࡍࡕࡉࡂࡁ 4 - ࡀࡉ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡉࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ 5 - ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ 6 - ࡍࡉࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡉࡎࡀࡓࡊࡅࡁ 36
- 37. - - ࡒ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 19 ࡀ ࡁ ࡂ ࡃ ࡄ ࡅ ࡆ ࡇ ࡈ ࡉ ࡊ ࡋ ࡌ ࡍ ࡎ ࡏ ࡐ ࡑ ࡒ ࡓ ࡔ ࡕ ࡀـ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡄࡁ ࡀࡓࡌࡉࡂ ࡊࡀࡓࡉࡃ ࡀࡉࡉࡄ ࡀࡋࡀࡅ ࡍࡀࡉࡀࡆ ࡀࡌࡉࡊࡀࡄ ࡀࡁࡅࡈ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡀࡋࡉࡊࡋ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋ ࡍࡀࡀࡌ ࡀࡓࡅࡍࡄ ࡀࡌࡀࡎ ࡍࡀࡉࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡐ ࡀࡕࡅࡑࡀ ࡀࡋࡀࡒ ࡀࡌࡔࡅࡓ ࡀࡕࡅࡔ ࡕࡉࡁࡉࡀࡕ ࡀـ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡅ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈࡁ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡄࡁ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓࡌࡉࡂ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡋࡀࡔ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡊࡀࡓࡉࡃ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡉࡉࡄ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡌࡋ ࡀࡋࡀࡅ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡑࡉࡍࡀࡋ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡌࡋࡀࡔ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡉࡀࡆ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡌࡉࡊࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡌࡋ ࡀࡁࡅࡈ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡑࡉࡍ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡅࡃࡀࡄ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡋࡉࡊࡋ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡅࡀࡆ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡄࡉࡁࡔࡅࡕ ࡀࡉࡀࡌࡃࡀࡒ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡁࡊࡀ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓࡅࡍࡄ ࡀࡉࡎࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡌࡀࡎ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡄࡁࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡉࡀ ࡀࡌࡎࡀࡁ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡐ ࡀࡌࡀࡈ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡕࡅࡑࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀࡌࡃࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡀࡌࡃࡀࡒ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡋࡀࡒ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡌࡔࡅࡓ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡃ ࡀࡉࡉࡄ ࡖ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡕࡅࡔ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡄࡁࡋ ࡕࡉࡁࡉࡀࡕ 37
- 38. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡊࡀࡓࡉࡃ 2 . ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ 3 . ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡅࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋ 4 . ࡖ ࡀࡋࡉࡊࡋ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡌࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡅࡀࡆ ࡁ - ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡅࡓࡈࡍࡀࡋ 1 . ࡖ ࡍࡀࡌࡋ ࡀࡁࡅࡈ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡑࡉࡍ 2 . ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡌࡅࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡅࡃࡀࡄ 3 . ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡋࡉࡊࡋ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡊࡅࡀࡆ 4 . ࡀࡉࡎࡀࡌ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡌࡀࡎ 5 . ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡄࡁࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡉࡀ 6 . ࡀࡌࡎࡀࡁ ࡖ ࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡓࡉࡐ ࡀࡌࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡓࡀࡌࡉࡌ ࡌࡉࡉࡀࡒ , ࡍࡀࡌࡋࡊࡅ ࡃࡀࡉࡀࡋࡖ ࡋ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡌࡏ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋࡁ ࡇࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡋ ࡅࡏ ࡓࡀࡁࡀ ࡅࡏ ࡕࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡏ 38
- 39. - - ࡓ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 20 (ࡍࡀࡉࡆࡀࡄ I see ( , ) ࡍࡀࡀࡄࡓࡀࡌ I inhale ( ,) ࡍࡀࡉࡂࡎࡀࡌ I go , ) (ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡌ hair ( , ) ࡀࡓࡅࡑࡀ neek ( , ) ࡍࡀࡉࡓࡀࡃ I carry ) ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡉࡀࡈ ( I taste , ) ࡒࡉࡓࡀࡎ ࡍࡀ ( I comb , ) ࡐࡉࡉࡀࡄ ࡍࡀ࡛ ( I wash ) ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡉࡀࡁ ࡍࡀࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡓࡉࡍࡄࡁ ࡍࡀࡀࡄࡓࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡋࡉ ࡛࡛ ࡊࡀࡅ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡌࡐࡅࡁ ࡍࡀࡉࡂࡎࡀࡌࡅ ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡂࡉࡋࡁ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡉࡀ ࡀࡉࡎࡊࡀ ࡍࡀࡉࡁࡂ ࡀࡔࡉࡓ ࡀࡉࡎࡊࡀ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡌ ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡉࡀࡄࡅ ࡀࡉࡌࡁ ࡉࡀࡔࡉࡓ ࡀࡈࡔࡀࡌࡁ ࡇࡋࡍࡀࡒࡉࡓࡀࡎࡅ ࡀࡔࡉࡓ ࡀࡉࡍࡉࡁ ࡀࡓࡅࡑࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡃࡊࡀࡅ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡈࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡋ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡃࡏࡁ ࡀࡉࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡉࡓࡀࡃࡅ ࡀࡉࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡓࡃࡁ ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡉࡀࡈ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋࡁ ࡒࡉࡓࡀࡎࡉࡒ ࡒࡉࡓࡀࡎ ) (= 39
- 40. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - ࡀ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ) ( 1 . ࡍࡀࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡀࡌࡁ 2 . ࡃࡅࡌ ࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡄࡓ ࡀࡓࡉࡍࡄࡁ 3 . ࡀࡌࡁ ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡋࡀࡄࡌ 4 . ࡍࡀࡉࡀ ࡀࡉࡎࡊࡀ ࡀࡌ 5 . ࡀࡉࡍࡉࡁࡀ ࡃࡅࡌ ࡀࡔࡉࡓ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡃࡊࡀࡅ 6 . ࡍࡀࡃࡉࡄࡀ ࡅࡄࡀࡌࡁ ࡀࡉࡍࡃࡉࡌ 7 . ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡉࡀࡈ ࡃࡅࡌࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡋࡉ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡀࡌࡐࡅࡁ 2 . ࡀࡓࡅࡑࡀ ࡀࡔࡉࡓ ࡀࡉࡍࡉࡁ ࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡃࡊࡀࡅ 3 . ࡀࡉࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡀࡓࡃࡁ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡉࡓࡀࡃ 4 . ࡍࡀࡌࡉࡉࡀࡈ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋࡁ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ 5 . ࡀࡃࡏࡁ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡈࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡋ ࡀࡉࡍࡃࡉࡌ 6 . ࡀࡓࡉࡍࡄࡁ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡍࡀࡀࡄࡓࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡍࡀࡉࡆࡀࡄ , ࡍࡀࡀࡄࡓࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡉࡓࡀࡃ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡉࡂࡎࡀࡌ , , , , ࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡉࡉࡀࡄ 1 - ࡍࡀࡒࡉࡓࡀࡎ ࡅ ࡀࡈࡔࡀࡌࡁ ࡀࡉࡌࡁ 2 - ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡋ 3 - ࡀࡕࡉࡆࡄࡀࡌ 4 - ࡀࡃࡓࡀࡅࡖ ࡀࡄࡉࡓ 5 - ࡀࡉࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡀࡉࡉࡀࡓࡃࡁ ࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡍࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ) ( 40
- 41. - - ࡔ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 21 ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡀࡂ (ࡍࡀࡉࡔ tooth ( , ) ࡀࡓࡀࡅࡉࡄ white ( , ) ࡀࡊࡌࡅࡏ black , ) (ࡀࡒࡀࡌࡅࡎ red ( , ) ࡀࡒࡓࡀࡆ blue ( , ) ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡎࡌ shose ) (ࡀࡒࡀࡓࡅࡉ green ( , ) ࡀࡃࡓࡀࡆ yellow ( , ) ࡍࡅࡕࡉࡊ dress ( , ) ࡋࡅࡂ pink ) ࡅࡄ ࡀࡓࡀࡅࡉࡄ ࡍࡀࡉࡔ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡊࡌࡅࡏ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡔࡉࡓ ࡋࡏ ࡖ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡌࡅ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡒࡀࡌࡅࡎ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡁࡉࡋ ࡀࡌࡀࡉࡅ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡒࡓࡀࡆ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡖ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡍࡅ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡎ ࡀࡒࡓࡀ ࡖ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡒࡓࡀࡆ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡀࡉ ࡀࡊࡌࡅࡏ ࡍࡍࡅࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡎࡌ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡎ ࡅࡀࡂ ࡇࡍ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡀࡒࡀࡓࡅࡉ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡒࡎࡏ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡀࡁࡄࡀࡆ ࡀࡅࡀࡆ ࡃࡏࡁ ࡖ ࡓࡅࡍࡄ ࡀࡋࡉࡍࡃࡀࡒ ࡅࡄ ࡀࡃࡓࡀࡆ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡅࡄ ࡋࡅࡂ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡍࡅࡕࡉࡊ 41
- 42. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡍࡀࡉࡔ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡃࡅࡌ 2 . ࡀࡔࡉࡓࡁ ࡖ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡅࡂ ࡀࡌ 3 . ࡀࡁࡉࡋ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡌ 4 . ࡃࡅࡌ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡌࡀࡉࡁ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡌࡅ 5 . ࡀࡌ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡁ ࡀࡒࡀࡌࡅࡎ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡉࡌࡏࡅ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ 6 . ࡊࡀࡏ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡒࡎࡏ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡌࡅ 7 . ࡓࡅࡍࡄ ࡀࡋࡉࡍࡃࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡀࡓࡀࡅࡉࡄ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡍࡀࡉࡔ ࡅࡄ ࡖ 2 . ࡀࡒࡀࡌࡅࡎ ࡀࡁࡉࡋ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡅࡄ 3 . ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡀࡉ ࡖ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡒࡓࡀ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡒࡓࡀࡆ ࡅࡄ 4 . ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡐ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡋࡏ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡎ ࡀࡒࡀࡓࡅࡉ 5 . ࡏࡁ ࡀࡁࡄࡀࡆ ࡀࡅࡀࡆ ࡖ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡃ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡒࡎࡏ 6 . ࡀࡋࡉࡍࡃࡀࡒ ࡅࡄ ࡍࡀࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡃࡓࡀࡆ ࡓࡅࡍࡄ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡃࡓࡀࡆ ࡀࡒࡀࡓࡅࡉ ࡀࡒࡓࡀࡆ ࡀࡓࡀࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡒࡀࡌࡅࡎ ࡀࡊࡌࡅࡏ , , , , , 1 - ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡋࡀࡄ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ . 2 - ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡅࡃࡀࡄࡖ ࡇࡅࡋࡀ . 3 - ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡌ . 4 - ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡕࡉࡆ ࡖ ࡐࡀࡅࡀ . 5 - ࡀࡌࡀࡉ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡇࡍࡅࡀࡂ ࡀࡌࡆࡅ . 42
- 43. - - ࡕ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 22 ࡌࡀࡎ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡓࡉࡔࡀ ࡛ ࡊ ࡇࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡍࡉࡓࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡉࡑ ࡀࡔࡌࡀࡄࡅ ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ ࡅࡄ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡉࡎࡓࡊࡅ ࡋࡏ ࡖ ࡇ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡋ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡂࡀࡎ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡉࡎࡓࡊࡅ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡁࡓࡀࡅ ࡀࡉࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ , ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡅࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡉࡋࡉࡋࡊࡀࡌ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ ࡀࡉࡓࡌࡀࡅ ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡋࡊࡅࡋ ࡍࡉࡓࡈࡍࡀࡅ ࡍࡅ ࡛ ࡊࡄࡀࡅࡓࡀ ࡛ ࡐ ࡀࡉࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ 43
- 44. ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡀࡉࡋࡀࡉࡔ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡀࡉࡍࡅࡏ ࡀ - 1 . ࡃࡅࡌ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡌࡀࡎࡋ 2 . ࡅࡄ ࡀࡉࡋ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ 3 . ࡀࡊࡌ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡉࡏ ࡛ ࡕ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ 4 . ࡀࡊࡌ ࡀࡉࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ 5 . ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡌ ࡀࡉࡃ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡒ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡓࡀࡃࡎ ࡁ - 1 . ࡇࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡍࡉࡓࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡉࡑ ࡀࡔࡌࡀࡄࡅ ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ 2 . ࡅࡄ ࡁࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡉ ࡇࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡉࡎࡓࡊࡅ ࡋࡏ 3 . ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁ ࡋࡊࡅ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ 4 . ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡅࡉࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡍࡉࡋࡉࡋࡊࡀࡌ ࡍࡍࡅࡉࡄ 5 . ࡀࡉࡓࡌࡀࡅ ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡉࡌ ࡋࡊࡅࡋ ࡍࡉࡓࡈࡍࡀࡅ ࡀࡉࡈࡒࡍࡅ ࡕࡊࡀࡅࡃࡁ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡌ ࡍࡉࡋࡀࡄ ࡌࡉࡎ ࡂ - ࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡀࡔࡌࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡓࡕ , , , ࡍࡉ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕ 1 - ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡉࡑ 2 - ࡀࡉࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡎ 3 - ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁ ࡇࡁ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ 4 - ࡀࡉࡍࡀ ࡛ ࡐࡋࡀࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡕࡉࡏ 44
- 45. - ࡖ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ࡀࡕࡅࡔ ࡀࡊࡓࡀࡆ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡅࡎࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡋࡉࡅࡄࡉࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡎࡀ ࡀࡉࡉࡄ ࡖ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡋࡉࡅࡄࡉࡍ ࡀࡉࡌࡉࡊ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡊ( ࡉ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡀࡉࡌ ) ࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ( ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡍࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ) ࡀࡌ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡌࡅࡔ ࡕࡀࡅ ࡍࡀࡉࡀࡁ ࡉࡀࡌࡅࡔ ؟ , ؟ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡌࡀࡎ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡌࡅࡔ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡕࡀ ؟ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡐࡀ ࡒࡀࡓࡏ ࡖ , ࡕࡉࡃ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ؟ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ , ࡀࡉࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ ࡕࡀ ؟ ࡀࡁࡉࡆࡏ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡋ ࡕࡀࡅ ࡍࡉࡏ , , ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡀࡋࡅࡐࡕ ) ( , ࡛ ࡊࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡁࡀ ࡍࡉࡏ , ࡉࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡓࡁ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡍࡅࡋࡓࡀࡈࡍࡀ ࡉࡀࡓࡀࡌ ࡍࡉࡕࡓࡀࡕࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡁ ࡕࡉࡓࡌࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡀࡃࡅࡄࡋࡀࡁ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡀࡋ ࡀࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀࡀ ࡌࡀ ࡀ ࡍࡀࡓ ࡋࡀࡆࡏ ࡒࡉࡃࡀࡆ ࡀࡕࡔࡀࡄ , ࡔࡅ ࡛ ࡐ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡔࡁ ࡀࡌࡀࡋࡔ ࡌࡏ 45
- 46. ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡁࡅࡒࡉࡍ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡅࡎࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡋࡉࡅࡄࡉࡕ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡅࡎࡀ ࡀࡉࡉࡄ ࡖ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡋࡉࡅࡄࡉࡍ ࡀࡉࡌࡉࡊ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡊ( ࡉ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡕࡀࡉࡌ ) ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ( ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ࡍࡀࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡐࡀࡔ ) ࡀࡌ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡌࡅࡔ ࡕࡀࡅ ࡀࡉࡓࡀࡌ ࡉࡀࡌࡅࡔ ؟ , ؟ ࡍࡀࡌ ࡃࡅࡓ ࡉࡀࡋࡉࡃ ࡀࡌࡅࡔ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡕࡀ ؟ ࡍࡌ ࡀࡓ ࡛ ࡕࡀ ࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡐࡀ ࡒࡀࡓࡏ ࡖ , ࡕࡀࡃ ࡛ ࡁࡀ ؟ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡕ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡍࡀࡀࡉࡅࡀࡄ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ , ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡀࡁ ࡕࡀ ؟ ࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡋ ࡕࡀࡅ ࡍࡉࡏ , , ࡀࡕࡁࡉࡆࡏ ࡀࡉࡕ ࡛ ࡊࡀ ( ࡀࡕࡋࡅࡐࡕ ) , ࡛ ࡊࡉࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡀࡉࡍࡁࡀ ࡍࡉࡏ , ࡉࡀࡋ ࡛ ࡕࡉࡏ ࡍࡅࡋࡓࡀࡈࡍࡀ ࡉࡀࡓࡀࡌ ࡀࡓࡁ ࡃࡀࡄ ࡍࡉࡕࡓࡀࡕࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡕࡍࡀࡁ ࡕࡀࡓࡌࡀ ࡛ ࡊࡉࡃࡅࡄࡋࡀࡁ ࡕࡉࡁࡁ ࡀࡋ ࡀࡕࡀࡔࡍࡀࡀ ࡍࡀࡀࡓࡌࡀ ࡀࡕࡔࡀࡄ ࡒࡉࡃࡀࡆ ࡋࡀࡆࡏ , ࡍࡉࡔࡅ ࡛ ࡐ ࡀࡉࡋࡉࡔࡁ ࡀࡌࡀࡋࡔ ࡌࡏ 46
- 47. ࡄ ࡀ ࡍࡅࡕࡍࡀࡀ ࡀࡒࡃࡉࡆࡁ ࡀࡕࡔ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡃࡉࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡀࡉ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡈ ࡀࡉࡓࡉࡔࡊࡀࡅ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄࡋ ࡍࡅࡕࡌࡀࡋࡔ ࡋࡅࡈࡍࡉࡌࡀ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡍࡅࡂࡎࡀࡕࡅ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁࡀࡊࡕࡋ ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡋ ࡇࡍࡌ ࡍࡅࡓࡁࡎࡉࡕ ࡖ ࡍࡉࡆࡀࡄ ࡍࡌ ࡌࡀࡓ ࡀࡓࡉࡐࡀࡔ ࡀࡉࡓࡄࡍࡀ ࡕࡉࡁ ࡖ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡋ . You are now really good and successful students because you have completed this book and you will go to a higher book where you will learn the beautiful Mandaean language, the language of Mesopotamia. 47
- 48. ࡀࡁࡀࡕࡊࡅ ࡍࡀࡀࡉࡍࡉࡕ ࡀࡁࡀࡊࡕ ࡀࡉࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌ ࡍࡀࡀࡔࡉࡋࡖ ࡀࡁࡀࡊࡕ ........................................................................ 2 - - ࡀ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 1 ................................................................................................................... 4 - - ࡁ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 2 .................................................................................................................. 5 - - ࡂ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 3 .................................................................................................................. 6 - - ࡃ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 4 .................................................................................................................. 8 - – ࡄ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 5 ............................................................................................................... 10 - - ࡅ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 6 ................................................................................................................. 12 - - ࡆ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 7 ................................................................................................................ 14 - - ࡇ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 8 ............................................................................................................... 16 - - ࡈ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 9 ............................................................................................................... 18 - - ࡉ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 10 ............................................................................................................... 20 - - ࡊ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 11 ............................................................................................................... 22 - - ࡋ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 12 ................................................................................................................ 24 - - ࡌ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 13 .............................................................................................................. 26 - - ࡍ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 14 ............................................................................................................... 28 - - ࡎ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 15 ............................................................................................................. 30 - - ࡏ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 16 .............................................................................................................. 32 - - ࡐ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 17 .............................................................................................................. 33 - - ࡑ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 18 ............................................................................................................. 35 - - ࡒ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 19 .............................................................................................................. 37 - - ࡓ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 20 .............................................................................................................. 39 - - ࡔ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 21 .............................................................................................................. 41 - - ࡕ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ 22 ............................................................................................................... 43 - ࡖ ࡀࡔࡀࡓࡃ ................................................................................................................... 45 48
- 49. ࡀࡉࡔࡓࡀࡔ ( Resources ) ࡀࡁࡓ ࡀࡆࡍࡀࡂ Ginza Rba ࡀࡉࡌࡄࡀࡓ ࡖ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡉࡍࡏ The Book of Anyani (Book of Religious Prayers) An Introduction to the Grammar of the Mandaean Language (1993- Naim Badawi, Haitham Mahdi Saeed) Mandaean Grammar (2002- Amin Fail) Drower, E. S., & Macuch, R. (1963). A Mandaic dictionary. Clarendon Press. All rights are save 49