The document discusses referencing and citation styles. It provides definitions of citations and explains their purposes, which include avoiding plagiarism and allowing readers to verify sources. The document outlines several common referencing styles like APA, MLA, Chicago and their origins. It also compares the key differences between APA and MLA formats for formatting papers, in-text citations, references, and citing various sources like books, websites, social media posts etc. Finally, it discusses patterns of in-text citations using ibid and loc. cit. and how to add and customize footnotes.
The document discusses referencing and citation styles. It provides definitions of citations and explains their purposes, which include avoiding plagiarism and allowing readers to verify sources. The document outlines several common referencing styles like APA, MLA, Chicago and their origins. It also compares the key differences between APA and MLA formats for formatting papers, in-text citations, references, and citing various sources like books, websites, social media posts etc. Finally, it discusses patterns of in-text citations using ibid and loc. cit. and how to add and customize footnotes.
The document describes Robert Glaser's basic model of teaching which includes five components: instructional objectives, entering behavior, instructional procedures, performance assessment, and feedback loops. The model shows how performance assessment feeds back to each component to improve the teaching process. The components are then defined in more detail, with entering behavior describing students' prior knowledge and skills, instructional procedures outlining the teaching methods used, and performance assessment evaluating how well students achieved the objectives.
- Introduction skills are used to connect students' prior knowledge to new knowledge being taught through questions, statements, and teaching aids.
- A micro-teaching lesson plan format is provided that includes objectives, components, pupil-teacher statements, student responses, and evaluation.
- The purpose of introduction skills is to motivate students and build their interest and attention in the lesson through properly extending terminology and chaining ideas.
- This document discusses internal and external evaluations of projects and programs.
- Internal evaluations are carried out by project team members, while external evaluations are done by those outside the project team.
- Both types of evaluations have advantages and disadvantages - internal evaluations have better implementation understanding but less impartiality, while external evaluations have greater impartiality but less understanding of implementation issues.
Social sciences and discipline सामाजिक विज्ञान और अनुशासनabhisrivastava11
This document discusses the scope and importance of social sciences. It defines social sciences as the academic disciplines dealing with the study of social life and interactions of groups and individuals. It notes that studying social sciences provides information to help create better societies by understanding how societies work, why they exist, and how they have functioned historically. The document outlines many areas of focus within the core social sciences disciplines of education, politics, economics, law, sociology, psychology, journalism, management, and linguistics that are important to research.
The document describes Robert Glaser's basic model of teaching which includes five components: instructional objectives, entering behavior, instructional procedures, performance assessment, and feedback loops. The model shows how performance assessment feeds back to each component to improve the teaching process. The components are then defined in more detail, with entering behavior describing students' prior knowledge and skills, instructional procedures outlining the teaching methods used, and performance assessment evaluating how well students achieved the objectives.
- Introduction skills are used to connect students' prior knowledge to new knowledge being taught through questions, statements, and teaching aids.
- A micro-teaching lesson plan format is provided that includes objectives, components, pupil-teacher statements, student responses, and evaluation.
- The purpose of introduction skills is to motivate students and build their interest and attention in the lesson through properly extending terminology and chaining ideas.
- This document discusses internal and external evaluations of projects and programs.
- Internal evaluations are carried out by project team members, while external evaluations are done by those outside the project team.
- Both types of evaluations have advantages and disadvantages - internal evaluations have better implementation understanding but less impartiality, while external evaluations have greater impartiality but less understanding of implementation issues.
Social sciences and discipline सामाजिक विज्ञान और अनुशासनabhisrivastava11
This document discusses the scope and importance of social sciences. It defines social sciences as the academic disciplines dealing with the study of social life and interactions of groups and individuals. It notes that studying social sciences provides information to help create better societies by understanding how societies work, why they exist, and how they have functioned historically. The document outlines many areas of focus within the core social sciences disciplines of education, politics, economics, law, sociology, psychology, journalism, management, and linguistics that are important to research.
2. Selection of the Topic or Unit to be Programmed
Identify information Related Previous Knowledge
Writing instructional Objective
Development Specific Outlines of Contents
Construction the Criterion Test
प्रोग्राम करने के लिए लिषय या इकाई का चयन
संबंलित लिछिे ज्ञान की िहचान करें
लनर्देशात्मक उद्देश्य िेखन
लिकास की लिलशष्ट रूिरेखा
मानर्दंड िरीक्षण का लनमााण
PREPARATORY PHASE
3. 1. Introductory Frame प्रस्तािना
2. Teaching Frame लशक्षण
3. Practice Frameअभ्यास
4. Evaluation Frameमूलयांकन
Development Phase
4. 1. Statement कथन
2. Response प्रलतलिया
3. Feed Back प्रलतिुलष्ट
Construction of frame
राजा दसरथ की तीन राननयााँ थी बड़ी रानी का नाम कौशल्या थे जजनके पुत्र का
नाम राम था राजा दसरथ के बड़े पुत्र का नाम.......है. King Dasaratha had three
queens, the name of the elder queen was Kaushalya, whose son's name was Ram,
the name of the elder son of King Dasaratha is …….
Ramराम
5. Testing:
• Individual Tryout व्यलिगत िरीक्षण
• Small Group Try Out िघु समूह िरीक्षण
• Field Try Out क्षेत्र िरीक्षण
Testing And Evaluation Phase
6. Error Rate
Error Rate% = Total no. of Error X 100 ,
Total no. of Response X No. Of Students
Not more than 10%
Evaluation
7. • Programme Density
• TTR = Total No. Of different type of Response in Programme
Total no of response Required in Programme
Value of TTR Should be 0.25 < >0.33.