3. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:01 PARTS OF A PLANT 02
22-08-20
PARTS OF A DICOT PLANT
The Entire Plant Consists of Two Systems, Namely
• Root System and
• Shoot System
ROOT SYSTEM
• A Part of Plant Present Below the Soil is called Root System.
• It Consists of Main Root, Lateral Roots and Rootlets.
• Root System involved in Absorption, Conduction and
• Anchorage.
SHOOT SYSTEM
• A Part of Plant Present Above the Soil is called Shoot System
• It Consists of Stem, Branches, Leaves and Buds.
• Stem and Branches are Involved in Support and Conduction.
• Leaves are Involved in Photosynthesis.
5. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:02 PARTS OF A LEAF & FLOWER 04
22-08-20
Parts of a Dicot Leaf
⚫ The Three main parts of a typical leaf are
⚫ Leaf Base
⚫ Petiole and
⚫ Lamina
⚫ Leaf Base is a Basal Part of the Leaf which Attach the Leaf to the Stem.
⚫ Petiole is the Stalk of the Leaf.
⚫ Leaf Blade or Leaf Lamina is a Green Flat Expanded Area of the Leaf for
Photosynthesis.
⚫ Stipules are Two Lateral Outgrowths at Base of Leaf.
Parts of a Dicot Flower
⚫ Flower has a Stalk called Pedicel.
⚫ A Flower is a Condensed Modified Shoot System for Sexual Reproduction in
Angiosperm.
⚫ Bract is a Small Leaf-like Structure in its Axil Flower Develop.
⚫ Bracteoles are also Small Leaf-like Structure on the Petiole is called Bracteoles.
⚫ Thalamus is a Distinct Part at the Tip of Pedicel in which Floral Parts Attached and also
called as Receptacle or Torus.
⚫ A Flower has Four Floral Parts, namely
⚫ Calyx -Made up of Sepals
⚫ Corolla -Made up of Petals
⚫ Androecium -Made up of Stamens
⚫ Gynoecium -Made up of Carpels
⚫ Androecium is a Male Part of the Flower and Gynoecium is a Female Part of the
Flower.
⚫
7. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:03 NYMPHAEACEAE 06
05-09-20 NELUMBO Sp.
IDENTIFICATION:
The given Plant belongs to the Family NYMPHAEACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
SERIES : THALAMIFLORAE
ORDER : RANALES
FAMILY : NYMPHAEACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Two Cotyledons in Seed
⚫ Presence of Tap Root System
⚫ Presence of Reticulate Venation in Leaves.
⚫ Presence of Pentamerous Flower.
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
⚫ Presence of Well Differentiate Calyx and Corolla
⚫ Presence of Free Petals in Corolla
SERIES : THALAMIFLORAE
⚫ Presence of Distinct Thalamus.
⚫ Presence of Hypogynous Flower
⚫ Presence of many Stamens and Pistils.
ORDER: RANALES
⚫ Presence of Numerous Stamens
⚫ Presence of Free Carpels
⚫ Presence of Minute Embryo with Fleshy Endosperm.
FAMILY : NYMPHAEACEAE
⚫ PLANTS are mostly Herbs
⚫ LEAVES are Simple, Exstipulate with Long Petiole
⚫ STEM is Underground-Rhizome
⚫ FLOWER are Pedicellate, Bisexual, Actinomorphic, Perigynous or Hypogynous and Thalamus is Fleshy or Spongy
⚫ CALYX Sepals- 4, Polysepalous and Imbricate Aestivation
⚫ COROLLA Petals- Many, Polypetalous and Imbricate Aestivation
⚫ ANDROECIUM -STAMENS are Many and Free. ANTHER are Dithecous, Adnate and Dehisce longitudinally
⚫ GYNOECIUM -OVARY is Multicarpellary, Multilocular, Apocarpous or Syncarpous Superior or Semi-inferior with Single or Many ovules
in each carpel on Marginal or Superficial Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Simple, Very Short and Terminal and STIGMA is Discoid
⚫ POLLINATION is Entomophily
⚫ FRUIT is Many seeded spongy Berry or Many seeded Achenes
9. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
NYMPHAEACEAE 08
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF NELUMBO Sp.
HABIT
⚫ Herbaceous Perennial
HABITATE
⚫ Floating Hydrophytes
ROOT
⚫ Branched Adventitious root
STEM
⚫ Underground stem – Branched Rhizome
LEAVES
⚫ Simple, Petiolate, Exstipulate, Alternate and Reticulate Venation
⚫ Petiole is very long. Leaf lamina is Orbicular and the diameter is Up to 1Metre
INFLORESENCE
⚫ Solitary and Terminal
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Ebracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular, Actinomorphic and Perigynous.
Thalamus is fleshy or spongy
CALYX
⚫ Sepals– 4, Polysepalous and Imbricate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫ Petals –Many, Polypetalous and Imbricate aestivation
ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are Many and Free. ANTHER is Dithecous, Adnate and Dehisce longitudinally
GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Polycarpellary, Polylocular, Apocarpous and Superior (sunken in receptacle) with Single ovule in each
carpel on Marginal placentation
⚫ STYLE is Simple, Very short and Terminal. STIGMA is Discoid
POLLINATION
⚫ Entomophily-Flowers are Showy, Attractive, Colored and Scented
FRUIT
⚫ Many seeded Achenes
SEED
⚫ Non-Endospermous
12. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:04 RUTACEAE 10
11-09-20 MURRAYA Sp.
:
IDENTIFICATION
The given Plant belongs to the Family RUTACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
SERIES : DISCIFLORAE
ORDER : GERANIALES
FAMILY : RUTACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Reticulate Venation in Leaves.
⚫ Presence of Pentamerous Flower.
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
⚫ Presence of Free Petals in Corolla
SERIES : DISCIFLORAE
⚫ Presence of Disc Shaped Thalamus.
⚫ Presence of Hypogynous Flower
ORDER: GERANIALES
⚫ Presence of Diplostemonous / Obdiplostemonous Stamens.
⚫ Presence of Numerous United Carpels.
⚫ Presence of Many Ovules in Axile Placentation.
FAMILY : RUTACEAE
⚫ LEAVES are Compound, Exstipulate with Dotted Glands.
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Cymose or Panicle.
⚫ FLOWERS are Pedicellate, Bracteate, Bracteolate, Bisexual, Pentamerous, Actinomorphic and
Hypogynous.
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary or Multicarpellary, Syncarpous Superior with Many ovules in Axile Placentation.
⚫ FRUIT is Berry or Hesperidium.
14. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
RUTACEAE 12
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF MURRAYA Sp.
HABIT -Branched Shrubs.
HABITAT -Mesophytes
ROOT -Branched Tap Root System.
STEM -Aerial Erect and Woody
LEAVES
⚫ Pinnately Compound, Petiolate, Exstipulate, Alternate and
Reticulate Venation with Dotted Glands.
INFLORESENCE-Terminal and Cymose Panicle.
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular,
Actinomorphic, Pentamerous and Hypogynous.
CALYX
⚫ Sepals–5, Gamosepalous and Valvate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫ Petals –5, Polypetalous and Imbricate aestivation
ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 10, Free and Obdiplostemonous.
⚫ ANTHER is Dithecous and Dehisce longitudinally
GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Syncarpous and Superior with
Single ovule in each carpel on Axile Placentation
⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal and STIGMA is Capitate
POLLINATION -Entomophily
FRUIT -Berry
SEED -Non-Endospermous
17. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:05 CAESALPINIACEAE 14
14-09-20 CAESALPINIA Sp.
IDENTIFICATION:
The given Plant belongs to the Family CAESALPINIACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
SERIES : CALCIFLORAE
ORDER : ROSALES
FAMILY : CAESALPINIACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Reticulate Venation in Leaves.
⚫ Presence of Pentamerous Flower.
SUB-CLASS : POLYPETALAE
⚫ Presence of Free Petals in Corolla
SERIES : CALYCIFLORAE
⚫ Presence of Cup Shaped Thalamus.
⚫ Presence of Perigynous or Epigynous Flower
ORDER: ROSALES
⚫ Presence of 10 to Indefinite Number of Stamens, may be some Staminode.
⚫ Presence of One to Many Carpels in Gynoecium.
FAMILY : CAESALPINIACEAE
⚫ LEAVES are Pinnately Compound and Pulvinate.
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Racemose – Corymb or Panicle.
⚫ FLOWER are Pedicellate, Bracteate, Bisexual, Zygomorphic and Perigynous
⚫ COROLLA Petals-5, Polypetalous and Ascendingly Imbricate Aestivation
⚫ OVARY is Monocarpellary, Unilocular, Half-inferior with Many Ovules in Marginal
Placentation.
⚫ FRUIT is Legume
22. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:06 ASCLEPIADACEAE 18
21-09-20 CALOTROPIS Sp.
IDENTIFICATION:
The given Plant belongs to the Family ASCLEPIADACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
SUB-CLASS : GAMOPETALAE
SERIES : BICARPELLATE
ORDER : GENTIANALES
FAMILY : ASCLEPIADACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Reticulate Venation in Leaves.
⚫ Presence of Pentamerous Flower.
SUB-CLASS: GAMOPETALAE
⚫ Presence of United Petals in Corolla
SERIES : BICARPELLATE
⚫ Presence of Two Carpels in Gynoecium.
⚫ Presence of Superior Ovary.
ORDER: GENTIANALES
⚫ Presence of Regular Flowers.
⚫ Presence of Epipetalous Stamens that arranged alternate to Petals
FAMILY : ASCLEPIADACEAE
⚫ PLANTS with Milky Latex.
⚫ LEAVES are Opposite-Decussate.
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Cymose Umbel.
⚫ FLOWER are Pedicellate, Bracteate, Bracteolate, Bisexual, Actinomorphic and Hypogynous.
⚫ COROLLA Ornamented with Hairy Outgrowth, called Corolline Corona.
FILAMENTS are unit to form a Ornamented Tube around the Gynoecium, called Staminal Corona.
⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and are attached to the Stigma to form Gynostegium or Gynostemium.
⚫ POLLEN in Pollinia with Translator.
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Sub-Apocarpous and Superior with Many Ovules on Marginal
Placentation.
⚫ FRUIT is a pair of Fellicle.
⚫ SEEDS with Comose Hairs.
24. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
ASCLEPIADACEAE 20
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF CALOTROPIS Sp.
HABIT
⚫ Highly branched Shrubs with Milky Latex.
HABITAT is Mesophytes
ROOT is Branched Tap Root System.
STEM is Aerial, Erect, Hollow and Woody
LEAVES
⚫ Simple, Sessile, Exstipulate, Opposite-Decussate and Reticulate Venation.
INFLORESENCE
⚫ Cymose – Umbellate Cymes.
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Regular, Actinomorphic,
Pentamerous and Hypogynous.
CALYX
⚫ Sepals–5, Polysepalous and Imbricate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫ Petals –5, Gamopetalous, Valvate Imbricate Aestivation. Corolla is Ornamented
with Hairy Outgrowth, this Corolla is called Corolline Corona.
ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 5 and Epipetalous.
⚫ FILAMENTS are unit to form Ornamented Tube around the Gynoecium, called
Staminal Corona.
⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and are attached to the Stigma to form Gynostegium
⚫ Pollens Collected in Clip Shaped Translator.
GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Bilocular, Sub-Apocarpous and Superior with Many Ovules
on Marginal Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Simple and Terminal
⚫ STIGMA is Capitate.
POLLINATION is Entomophily by Clip or Translator mechanism.
FRUIT is a pair of Follicle.
SEEDS are Endospermous with Comose Hairs.
27. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:07 LAMIACEAE 22
26-09-20 Leucas sp.
IDENTIFICATION:
The given Plant belongs to the Family LAMIACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
⚫ CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ SUB-CLASS : GAMOPETALAE
⚫ SERIES : BICARPELLATE
⚫ ORDER : LAMIALES
⚫ FAMILY : LAMIACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Reticulate Venation in Leaves.
⚫ Presence of Pentamerous Flower.
SUB-CLASS : GAMOPETALAE
⚫ Presence of United Petals in Corolla
SERIES : BICARPELLATE
⚫ Presence of Two Carpels in Gynoecium.
⚫ Presence of Superior Ovary.
ORDER: LAMIALES
⚫ Presence of Bilipped Corolla.
⚫ Presence of Four Didynamous Stamens.
⚫ Presence of Minute Embryo with Fleshy Endosperm.
FAMILY :LAMIACEAE
⚫ PLANTS are Aromatic Herbs.
⚫ LEAVES are Simple, Opposite or Whorled.
⚫ STEM is Quadrangular.
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Racemose or Special Type called Verticillaster
⚫ FLOWER are Pedicellate, Bracteate, Bracteolate, Bisexual, Zygomorphic and
Hypogynous.
⚫ COROLLA is Bilabiate.
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Tetralocular, Syncarpous and Superior with Many Ovules on
Axile Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Simple and Gynobasic.
⚫ STIGMA is Bifid.
⚫ FRUIT is Schizocarpic and Split in to Four one seeded Nutlets
29. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
LAMIACEAE 24
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF LEUCAS ASPERA
HABIT is Aromatic Herbs.
HABITAT is Mesophytes
ROOT is Branched Tap Root System.
STEM
⚫ Aerial, Erect, Herbaceous and Quadrangular with Glandular Trichomes.
LEAVES
⚫ Simple, Exstipulate, Opposite-Decussate and Reticulate Venation with Volatile Oil Secreting Glandular
Hairs.
INFLORESENCE
⚫ Special Type of Inflorescence -Verticillaster.
⚫ Verticillaster is a Condense Form of Inflorescence in which Flowers are arranged in Whorl at Nodes.
⚫ It consists of Two Dichasial Cymes ends with Monochasial branches on the either side of node of stem.
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Complete, Bisexual, Irregular, Zygomorphic, Pentamerous and
Hypogynous.
CALYX
⚫ Sepals–8-10 Toothed, Gamosepalous and Valvate Aestivation
COROLLA
⚫ Petals –5, Irregular, Gamopetalous, Valvate Imbricate Aestivation. Corolla is Bilabiate in which the Upper
Lip has 2 Petals and Lower Lip has of 3 Petals.
ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 4, Epipetalous and Didynamous.
⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous and Dehisce longitudinally.
GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Bicarpellary, Tetralocular, Syncarpous and Superior with Many Ovules on Axile Placentation.
⚫ The Ovary is Bilocular but it becomes Tetralocular due to False Septum.
⚫ The Nectar Secreting Disc is present below the Ovary.
⚫ STYLE is Simple and Gynobasic.
⚫ STIGMA is Bifid.
POLLINATION is Entomophily.
FRUIT is Schizocarpic, Split in to Four one seeded Nutlets.
SEEDS are Non-Endospermous.
32. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:08 EUPHORBIACEAE 26
28-09-20 Ricinus sp.
IDENTIFICATION:
The given Plant belongs to the Family EUPHORBIACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
⚫ CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ SUB-CLASS : MONOCHLAMYDEAE
⚫ SERIES : UNISEXUALES
⚫ FAMILY : EUPHORBIACEAE
CLASS : DICOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Reticulate Venation in Leaves.
SUB-CLASS : MONOCHLAMYDEAE
⚫ Presence of Single Whorl of Perianth.
⚫ Absence of Petals.
SERIES : UNISEXUALES
⚫ Presence of Unisexual Flowers.
FAMILY : EUPHORBIACEAE
⚫ PLANTS with Milky Latex.
⚫ LEAVES are Simple or Compound, Stipulate, Alternate or Opposite
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Racemose, Cymose or Special Type called Cyathium.
⚫ FLOWER are Pedicellate, Bracteate, Monochlamydeous, Unisexual,
Actinomorphic and Hypogynous.
⚫ PERIANTH- Tepals- 5, Gamophyllous and Valvate or Imbricate Aestivation
and mostly Sepaloid.
⚫ MALE FLOWERS - STAMENS are One to Many and Free.
⚫ FEMALE FLOWERS- OVARY is Tricarpellary, Trilocular, Syncarpous and
Superior with Two Ovules in each Carpel on Axile Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Branched in to Three and Terminal.
⚫ STIGMA is Bifid.
⚫ FRUIT is Schizocarpic Regma, Split in to Three one seeded Nutlets
34. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
EUPHORBIACEAE 28
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF Ricinus Sp.
HABIT is Highly Branched Shrub or Small Tree.
HABITAT is Mesophytes
ROOT is Branched Tap Root System.
STEM
⚫ Aerial, Erect, Hollow and Woody.
LEAVES
⚫ Simple, Palmately Lobed, Petiolate, Stipulate, Alternate and Reticulate Venation.
INFLORESENCE
⚫ The Inflorescence is Terminal and Racemose Panicle in which the Male Flowers at
the base and Female Flowers towards the Tip of Peduncle.
⚫
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate, Ebracteolate, Incomplete, Unisexual, Regular, Actinomorphic
and Hypogynous.
MALE FLOWERS
⚫ PERIANTH- Tepals- 5, Polyphyllous and Valvate Aestivation and mostly Sepaloid.
⚫ ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 5 and Polyandrous.
⚫ FILAMENT is Highly Branched and End with Anthers.
⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous, Basifixed, Introse and Dehisce longitudinally
FEMALE FLOWERS
⚫ PERIANTH- Tepals- 3, Polyphyllous and Valvate Aestivation and mostly Sepaloid.
⚫ GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Tricarpellary, Trilocular, Syncarpous and Superior with One Ovule in each
Carpel on Axile Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Branched in to Three and Terminal.
⚫ STIGMA is Bifid.
POLLINATION is Entomophily.
FRUIT is Schizocarpic- Regma, Split in to Three one seeded Nutlets
SEEDS are Endospermous and Carunculate.
37. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:09 POACEAE 30
02-10-20 Oryza Sp.
IDENTIFICATION:
The given Plant belongs to the Family POACEAE
REASONS:
SYSTAMATIC POSITION
⚫ CLASS : MONOTYLEDONS
⚫ SERIES : GLUMACEAE
⚫ FAMILY : POACEAE
CLASS: MONOTYLEDONS
⚫ Presence of Adventitious Fibrous Root System
⚫ Presence of Parallel Venation in Leaves.
⚫ Presence of Trimerous Flower.
SERIES : GLUMACEAE
⚫ Presence of Reduced Perianth.
⚫ Presence of scaly Bracts.
⚫ Presence of Unilocular Ovary.
⚫ Presence of Endospermic Seeds.
FAMILY : POACEAE
⚫ PLANTS are Mostly Annual, Biennial or Perennial Herbs
⚫ ROOT is Adventitious Fibrous.
⚫ STEM is Unbranched and Hollow.
⚫ LEAVES are Simple, Ligulate, Alternate and Parallel Venation. Leaf has Leaf Sheath and
Long Narrow Leaf Blade.
⚫ INFLORESENCE is Racemose-Spike.
⚫ FLOWER are Pedicellate, Bracteate(Lemma), Bracteolate (Palea), Bisexual or Unisexual,
Trimerous, Actinomorphic and Hypogynous.
⚫ PERIANTH- Tepals- 2-3, Reduced in to Lodicules.
⚫ STAMENS are 3 or 6 and Versatile.
⚫ OVARY is Monocarpellary, Unilocular and Superior with One Ovule on Basal Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Branched in to Two.
⚫ STIGMA is Feathery.
⚫ FRUIT is Dry Indehiscent – Caryopsis.
⚫ SEEDS are Endospermous.
39. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
POACEAE 32
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF Oryza Sp.
HABIT -Annual Herb
HABITAT -Mesophytes-Tropical to Temperate.
ROOT -Adventitious Fibrous Root System.
STEM
⚫ Aerial, Erect, Cylindrical and Hollow except at Nodes. Stem is Branching by
Tillers.
LEAVES
⚫ Simple, Ligulate, Alternate and Parallel Venation. Leaf has Leaf Sheath and
Long Narrow Leaf Blade.
INFLORESENCE
⚫ Racemose – Terminal Panicle consists of Smaller Units called Spikelets.
SPIKELET OF PADDY
⚫ The Spikelet has a Short Central Axis called Rachilla.
⚫ The Spikelet consists of 5 – Glumes, 2 – Lodicules, 6 - Stamens and a Pistil.
FLOWER
⚫ Pedicellate, Bracteate(Lemma), Bracteolate(Palea), Bisexual, Trimerous,
Actinomorphic and Hypogynous.
PERIANTH
⚫ Tepals- 2, Reduced in to Lodicules.
ANDROECIUM
⚫ STAMENS are 6 and Free.
⚫ ANTHERS are Dithecous, Versatile and Dehisce longitudinally
GYNOECIUM
⚫ OVARY is Monocarpellary, Unilocular, and Superior with One Ovule on
Basal Placentation.
⚫ STYLE is Branched in to Two.
⚫ STIGMA is Feathery.
POLLINATION is Anemophily.
FRUIT is Caryopsis Enclosed by Glume and Palea.
SEEDS are Endospermous.
43. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:10 AEGLE MARMELOS 36
05-10-20
IDENTIFICATION:
The Given Medicinal Plant is Identified as BEAL TREE
FAMILY NAME : RUTACEAE
BIOLOGICAL NAME : AEGLE MARMELOS
ENGLISH NAME : BEAL TREE or WOOD APPLE
TAMIL NAME : VILVA MARAM
MORPHOLOGY OF PLANT
• It is Deciduous Tree Mostly Found in Temple.
• Branches are Thorny.
• Leaves are Trifoliate Compound.
• Fruit is Berry with Woody Rind.
MEDICINAL USES
• The Active Principle Compound is Marmelosin.
• Unripe Fruit are used as an Astringent.
• The Fruit is used as a Remedy for
• Ulcer
• Common cold
• Dryness of Eyes
• Fruit Pulp is control Intestinal Parasites
• Fruit Pulp is a Good Remedy for
• Stomach Trouble
• Diarrhoea and
• Dysentery.
• Pulp of fruit is Good Laxative.
• Leaves are used for the treatment of Ophthalmic, Deafness,
Indigestion and Piles
• Roots are used for Colitis and Intermittent Fever
45. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:11 AZADIRACHTA INDICA 38
05-10-20
IDENTIFICATION:
The Given Medicinal Plant is Identified as NEEM TREE
FAMILY NAME : MELIACEAE
BIOLOGICAL NAME : AZADIRACHTA INDICA
ENGLISH NAME : MARGOSA or NEEM TREE
TAMIL NAME : VEMBU
MORPHOLOGY OF PLANT
•It is Highly Branched Sacred Tree.
•Leaves are Pinnately Compound.
•Flowers are yellow or Cream
•Fruits are Drupes.
MEDICINAL USES
•The Active Principle Compounds are Azadirachtin and Nimbidin.
•Leaves are Antiseptic
•Leaf Decoction is used to Clean Wounds and Cures Ulcers, Eczema
and control Itching.
•Leaf Paste is Applied on the Boils for cure.
•Tender Twigs are used to Clear Teeth.
•Bark Decoction is given to Relieve Joint Pains due Chicken Guninea
•Leaf and Bark Infusion are given an Antiperiodic for Malarial Fever.
•Bark and Leaves Decoction is used in the treatment of
• Leucoderma
• Chicken Pox
• Tuberculosis
• Syphilis
•Seed Oil (Neem Oil) removes Worms.
•Seed is used to Prepare Biopesticides, Soaps and Tooth Paste.
47. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:12 OCIMUM SANCTUM 40
05-10-20
IDENTIFICATION:
The Given Medicinal Plant is Identified as HOLY BASIL
FAMILY NAME : LAMIACEAE
BIOLOGICAL NAME : OCIMUM SANCTUM
ENGLISH NAME : HOLY BASIL or SACRED BASIL
TAMIL NAME : TULASI
MORPHOLOGY OF PLANT
•It is an Annual Aromatic Herb.
•Leaves are Simple and Opposite
•Stem is Quadrangular and Covered with Soft Hairs.
•Inflorescence is Thyrsus – a Raceme of Cymes.
•Corolla is Bilabiate
•Fruit is Schizocarpic with Four Nutlets.
MEDICINAL USES
•The Essential Oil are Eugenol, Carvacrol, and Nerol
•Fresh Leaf Juice is used for Respiratory Infection and Cough..
•Fresh Leaf Juice is used for Bronchial Asthma in combination with Black
Pepper and Ginger.
•Fresh Leaf Juice is Given with Honey for Bronchitis and Cough.
•Fresh Leaf Juice is applied externally on Cutaneous Lesions on
Ringworm.
•Fresh Leaf Juice is used as an Antidote for Snake Bite and Scorpion
Bite.
•Fresh Leaf Juice is a Good Relief of Abdominal Pain. and Indigestion.
•Leaf has Antibacterial and Insecticidal Properties.
•Dried Leaves are used as a Mosquito Repellent.
•The Essential Oil is used for Ear Infection.
•The Seeds are a Common Nutritious Tonic.
•Root Decoction is Given for Malarial Fever.
49. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:13 CORIANDRUM SATIVUM 42
21-10-20
IDENTIFICATION:
The Given Medicinal Plant is Identified as CORIANDER
FAMILY NAME : APIACEAE
BIOLOGICAL NAME : CORIANDRUM SATIVUM
ENGLISH NAME : CORIANDER
TAMIL NAME : KOTHU MALLI
MORPHOLOGY OF PLANT
•It is an Annual Aromatic Herb.
•Leaves are Pinnately Compound with Highly Lobed Leaf Lets.
•Inflorescence is Compound Umbel.
•Fruit is Schizocarpic Cremocarp.
MEDICINAL USES
•The Active Principle Compound IS Umbelliferone
•Plant is an Aromatic, Stimulant and Carminative.
•Plant Juice is used as
• Stomachic (Strengthens the Stomach Action)
• Antibilious (Liver Digestive Juices from Bile)
• Refrigerant ( Reduce Fever) and
• Diuretic.
•Leaves are used as Carminative and Antibilious
•Leaf Decoction cures Sore Throat and Catarrh.
•Fruits Prevent Griping.
•Seed Extract is Antibacterial and Sedative.
•Seed oil mixed with Caster oil used in Rheumatism.
•Roasted Seeds useful in Dyspepsia (Indigestion) and for Chronic Ulcers
and Carbuncles.
•Entire Plant Used for the Treatment of Spleen complainants, Sores,
Venereal Sores and Syphilis.
51. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:14 PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI 44
21-10-20
IDENTIFICATION:
The Given Medicinal Plant is Identified as STONE BREAKER
FAMILY NAME : EUPHORBIACEAE
BIOLOGICAL NAME : PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI
ENGLISH NAME : STONE BREAKER
TAMIL NAME : KEELA NELLI
MORPHOLOGY OF PLANT
It is an Annual Herb.
Leaves are Simple and Ovate.
Flowers are Greenish-white.
Fruit is Capsule and Hang down below the Branches.
MEDICINAL USES
The Active Principle Compounds are Phyllanthin and Hypophyllanthin
Plant Extract is used to Cure Jaundice
Plant Juice is used in the preparation of Liver Tonic.
Plant Extract is used to dissolve Kidney Stones and Gall Bladder Stones
Plant Juice is used in the Disease of Urinogenital System
Plant is Diuretic (Increase the volume of Urine).
Plant Extract is used to Cure Stomach Problems such as
• Diarrhea
• Dysentery
• Dyspepsia
• Colic and
• Constipation.
Plant Decoction is used for Bronchitis and Febrifuge (Reducing Fever)
Plant is an Astringent (Stop Bleeding).
Plant is a Good Deobstruent (Removes Obstructions in Blood Vessels).
Plant is an Antidote for Snake Bite.
Plant has Antiviral and Antibacterial Properties.
Leaf Extract is used to Skin Problems such as Scabies, Sores and Leprosy
Root Extract enhances Lactation in Women after Child Birth.
53. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
Ex.No:15 GLORIOSA SUPERBA 46
21-10-20
IDENTIFICATION:
The Given Medicinal Plant is Identified as CLIMBING LILY
FAMILY NAME : LILIACEAE
BIOLOGICAL NAME : GLORIOSA SUPERBA
ENGLISH NAME : CLIMBING LILY or MALABAR GLORY LILY.
TAMIL NAME : SENGANTHAL MALAR
MORPHOLOGY OF PLANT
•Perennial Climbing Herb with Tubers.
•Leaf Tip is Function as Tendril for Climbing
•Flowers are Solitary and Showy.
•Perianth made up of Six Long Yellow, Orange or Red Tepals.
•Stamens are 6 and Anthers are Versatile.
•Fruit is Linear Capsule.
MEDICINAL USES
•The Active Principle Alkaloid Compounds are Gloriosine and Superbine.
•Extract of Leaves is used for Skin Eruptions, Pimples and Killing Skin Lice.
•Powder of Root Tubers is applied to Snake Bite and Scorpion Sting.
•Paste Of Root is used for Baldness.
•Extract of Root Tubers is applied over Navel and Vagina to reduce Labour Pain
and induce Normal Delivery.
•Root Tuber is used for the Treatment of
• Ulcers
• Leprosy
• Piles
• Gonorrhea
• Intestinal Worms and
• Infertility.
•Root Tubers are also useful in treating Gout and Rheumatism.
•Root Tubers are also used as an Abortive (Abortifacient) Agent for 1-2 months
of Pregnancy.
•Root Tubers are Poisonous in Higher Doses.
56. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
EX.NO:16 ANTHER 49
02-11-20 T. S OF ANTHER
IDENTIFICATION
The Given Slide is Identified as T.S OF MATURE ANTHER
REASONS FOR IDENTIFICATION
• Presence of Four Lobed structure.
• Presence of Outer Anther Wall Layer consists of
• Epidermis
• Endothecium
• Middle Layer and
• Tapetum
• Presence of Outer Unilayer of Epidermis made up of
compactly arranged Parenchyma Cells for Protection.
• Presence of a Layer of Endothecium made up of Radially
Elongated Cells with Fibrous Bands of Lignin for
Dehiscence of Anther.
• Presence of 2-3 Layers of Middle Layer made up of Thin
Walled Parenchyma cells for Storage.
• Presence of Inner Unilayer of Tapetum made up of
Radially Elongated Nutritive Cells for Providing Nutrition
for the Developing Pollengrains.
• Presence of Inner 4 Pollen Sacs with Pollengrains.
58. BOTRVMSBKCAPK
EX.NO:16 OVULE 51
02-11-20 L. S OF OVULE
IDENTIFICATION
The Given Slide is Identified as L.S OF OVULE
REASONS FOR IDENTIFICATION
• Presence of Oval Shaped Structure.
• Presence of Stalk called Funicle.
• Presence of Nutritive Tissue Nucellus at the Centre.
• Presence of Outer and Inner Integuments that Protects the
Nucellus.
• Presence of Opening at the Apex called Micropyle.
• Presence of Embryo Sac towards the Micropyle.
• Presence of 8 Nuclei in Embryo Sac consists of
• 3 Egg Apparatus
• 2 Polar Nuclei and
• 3 Antipodals.
• Presence of a Female Gamete Egg at the Centre with two
Synergids on both sides of Egg Apparatus.
