pharmacognosy of belladona

1. BELLADONA
SUBHASUNDAR MAJI

2. BELLADONA
SYNNONYMS : Belladona Leaf, Belladona
Herb .
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE : It consists of dried
leaves and other aerial parts of Atropa
belladonna Linn.
FAMILY : Solanaceae
GEOGRAPHICAL SOURCE: England , Europe
. In India , it is found in the western
Himalayas from Shimla to Kashmir and
adjoining areas of himachal Pradesh.

3. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
 Low growing perennial herb/shrub that
grows 2-6 ft tall
 Not hardy perennial
 Sensitive to being transplanted
 Thick root
 Simple Leaves
 Flowers
 Solitary bell-shaped (drooping and
tubular)
 5-lobe
 Dull red-purple or greenish purple
 Fruit
 Glossy, purple-black berries

4. MICROSCOPICAL CHARACTERS
Dorsiventral Leaf
Collenchyma above and below
the mid rib
Unicellular covering
trichomes,unicellular glandular
trichomes

5. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Atropine Hyoscyamine Scopolamine
C17H23NO3 C17H23NO3 C17H21NO4

6. USES :
 i. Mydriatic (dilation of the pupil).
 ii. Antispasmodic (a drug that counteracts a sudden, violent,
involuntary muscular contraction)
 iii. Antimuscarinic effect (acts peripherally to produce
parasympathetic inhibition).
 iv. Cerebral sedative (reduce excitement)

7. IDENTIFICATION TEST :
 Vitali Test:
 A drop of fuming HNO3 is added to a small portion of a extract of any
Solanaceous drug like species of Atropa, Hyoscyamus and Datura or the
Tropane alkaloids themselves and then evaporated to dryness on a
water bath. Thereafter it is cooled and on addition of 2 drops of 5%
alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution, purple colour is formed
indicating the presence of Tropane alkaloids.

8. .

9. …
THANK YOU….