The document explores the concept of frustration, detailing its nature, symptoms, sources, and potential methods for elimination. It distinguishes between motivated behaviors and frustrated behaviors, highlighting that frustration leads to aggression, regression, and resignation among other symptoms. Techniques for addressing frustration include evaluation of behavior, constructive viewpoints, performance appraisals, role-playing, two-way communication, catharsis, and counseling.

1. Business Psychology
Frustration
Topics: Nature of Frustration, Distinguish between Motivated and
Frustrated Behavior, Symptoms of Frustration, Sources/ Causes of
Frustration, Eliminating of Frustration.SMS Kabir, smskabir@psy.jnu.ac.bd;SMS Kabir, smskabir@psy.jnu.ac.bd;
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2. □ Frustration
If a person fails to achieve any target, aim or objective
in life, then that person feels despair, irritation and
unhappy. As a result, psychologically the person falls
into a disastrous position. This emotional condition is
called frustration.
Goal
Oriented
Behavior
Individual
becomes
frustrated
and Tension
Persists
within him
Need
Tension
Motive
Barrier
Goal Not
Achieved
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3.  Distinguish between Motivated and Frustrated BehaviorDistinguish between Motivated and Frustrated Behavior
Motivation Included Frustration Included
Goal-oriented
Tension reduced when goal is
reached
Punishment deters action
Behavior shows variability and
resourcefulness in a problem
situation
Behavior is constructive
Behavior reflects choices influenced
by consequences
Learning proceeds and makes for
development and maturity
Not directed toward a goal
Tensions reduced when behavior is
expressed, but increased if behavior
leads to more frustration
Punishment aggravates state of
frustration
Behavior is stereotyped and rigid
Behavior is non-constructive or
destructive
Behavior is compulsive
Learning is blocked and behavior
regresses.
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4. □□ Symptoms of FrustrationSymptoms of Frustration
 Aggression:Aggression: some kind of attack. The attack may be one of physicalsome kind of attack. The attack may be one of physical
violence against a person, toward an object, may be verbal abuse.violence against a person, toward an object, may be verbal abuse.
Aggression in behavior means a hostile act and is associated with theAggression in behavior means a hostile act and is associated with the
emotion of anger.emotion of anger.
 Regression:Regression: a breakdown of constructive behavior and represents aa breakdown of constructive behavior and represents a
return to childish action. Another regressive trait is suggestibility.return to childish action. Another regressive trait is suggestibility.
One can easily suggest ideas for action to a child because he isOne can easily suggest ideas for action to a child because he is
uncritical.uncritical.
 Abnormal Fixation:Abnormal Fixation: designate a compulsion to continue a kind ofdesignate a compulsion to continue a kind of
activity that has no adaptive value. A fixated action is repeated overactivity that has no adaptive value. A fixated action is repeated over
and over, despite the fact that the person knows it will accomplishand over, despite the fact that the person knows it will accomplish
nothing.nothing.
 Resignation:Resignation: All forms of activity seem to be closed to the individual,All forms of activity seem to be closed to the individual,
so s/he surrenders. Resignation is probably a dormant condition, inso s/he surrenders. Resignation is probably a dormant condition, in
which all aggression has been temporarily blocked. People in thiswhich all aggression has been temporarily blocked. People in this
state obviously have low morale and will remain socially neutralstate obviously have low morale and will remain socially neutral
unless their mental condition changes.unless their mental condition changes.
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5. □□ Sources/Causes of FrustrationSources/Causes of Frustration
 Natural and Social Environment:Natural and Social Environment: Frustration may be creates fromFrustration may be creates from
external sources. When a person failed to reach his/her goal, s/heexternal sources. When a person failed to reach his/her goal, s/he
becomes hopeless/ upset. S/he faces many barriers to reachbecomes hopeless/ upset. S/he faces many barriers to reach
his/her goal.his/her goal.
 Tradition:Tradition: Social norms, family tradition creates barrier to reachSocial norms, family tradition creates barrier to reach
his/her goal. Poverty can create frustration in developing countryhis/her goal. Poverty can create frustration in developing country
like us.like us.
 Internal Reason:Internal Reason: Sometimes the physical or mental condition of aSometimes the physical or mental condition of a
person may work as hindrance to fulfill his/her hopes or dreams.person may work as hindrance to fulfill his/her hopes or dreams.
Physical disabilities, such as; deaf, can not help a person to fulfillPhysical disabilities, such as; deaf, can not help a person to fulfill
their dreams.their dreams.
 Personal Limitation:Personal Limitation: Every person has a limit of capability. EvenEvery person has a limit of capability. Even
if s/he tries to improve capacity, it may not happen. If a personif s/he tries to improve capacity, it may not happen. If a person
does not aware of his/her capacity or power then if s/he wants todoes not aware of his/her capacity or power then if s/he wants to
do a work that is beyond his/her capacity then automatically s/hedo a work that is beyond his/her capacity then automatically s/he
cannot reach to the goal.cannot reach to the goal.
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6. □□ Eliminating of FrustrationEliminating of Frustration
Naturally, prevention of frustration is more desirable than the bestNaturally, prevention of frustration is more desirable than the best
cure.cure.
1.1. Evaluation Frustrated Behavior:Evaluation Frustrated Behavior: Two subjects consider forTwo subjects consider for
evaluating the frustrated behavior. (a) Identify the reason ofevaluating the frustrated behavior. (a) Identify the reason of
frustration, and (b) identify the differences of personality. Becausefrustration, and (b) identify the differences of personality. Because
of the uniqueness of the characteristics of human being one mayof the uniqueness of the characteristics of human being one may
different behavior pattern of their characteristics.different behavior pattern of their characteristics.
2.2. Constructive View-point:Constructive View-point: Often people feel that they must defendOften people feel that they must defend
themselves from attack so that they will not appear weak. A well-themselves from attack so that they will not appear weak. A well-
adjusted person must expect to be a scapegoat at times, both atadjusted person must expect to be a scapegoat at times, both at
home and on the job.home and on the job.
3.3. Correcting situation:Correcting situation: Perhaps the most desirable procedure forPerhaps the most desirable procedure for
dealing with frustration is to correct the situation that produced thedealing with frustration is to correct the situation that produced the
behavior. Giving them special instructions in reading to bring theirbehavior. Giving them special instructions in reading to bring their
reading performance up to that of other children in class has curedreading performance up to that of other children in class has cured
school bullies.school bullies.
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7. 4. Performance Appraisal:Performance Appraisal: Any decision about an employee is taken
based on his/her performance of the duties. For that reason, the
employees always stay conscious about their work. And as a result,
their frustration declines.
5. Role playing:Role playing: Moreno developed a method known as psychodrama,
has been used widely for developing insights into the feelings and
attitudes of oneself and of others. The method is now more
commonly called role-playing.
6. Two way Communication:Two way Communication: Two way communication means both the
parties i.e., the sender and receiver of the information can build an
effective communication process.
7. Catharsis:Catharsis: The term catharsis refers to the relief from frustration
that is created by the mere expression of frustration. In the
Hawthorne study, interviewers were encouraged to make it easy
for employees to express their hostility and “blow off steam”.
8. Counseling:Counseling: Many instances of frustration occur in one’s daily life.
These create and are created by misunderstandings, and
consequent problems of human relations arise.
□ Eliminating of Frustration
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