This document discusses different types of determiners in English grammar. It defines determiners as words used with countable and uncountable nouns to limit their meaning. The main types of determiners discussed are: articles, possessive adjectives, demonstrative adjectives, distributive adjectives, and quantifiers. Articles include definite articles like "the" and indefinite articles like "a" and "an". Quantifiers indicate quantity or number and include words like "many", "few", "some", "any", etc. The document provides examples and guidelines on the correct usage of different determiners.

1. DETERMINERS

2. Meaning of Determiners
 Determiners are used with Countable
and Uncountable Nouns to limit their
meaning.
 They are special kinds of Adjectives.

3. Kinds of Determiners
1. Articles
2. Possessive Adjectives
3. Demonstrative Adjectives
4. Distributive Adjectives
5. Quantifiers
(Adjectives of Quantity
and Number)
6. Interrogative Adjectives

4. Kinds of Determiners
Quantifiers
Each
Every
Either
Neither

5. 1. Articles
Indefinite Article-
Before a word beginning with a
consonant.
Eg- a woman, a year, a hero, a history..
Before a vowel which has a sound of yu,
wa.
Eg-a union, a unit, a one-rupee note..
Use of

6. With singular countable noun-
Eg. Sam is reading a magazine.
With common noun in singular number
Eg- This is a table.
We can adjectives between the articles
and the nouns.
Eg- This a lovely dress.
But a common noun in the singular
number doesn’t have an article before it,
when it is used in general sense-
Eg-Man is mortal.

7. Use of
Word beginning with a vowel(a, e, i, o, u).
Eg- an elephant, an enemy, an inkpot
Words beginning with a silent h.
Eg-an hour, an honest man, an heir
Indefinite Article-

8. When we speak of a person or a thing for
the first time we generally use ‘a’ or ‘an’-
Eg- A man saw a boy riding on an ass.
But when we use the same person or
thing a second time we use ‘the’-
Eg-The man punished the boy riding
on the ass.
Alisha drew a picture.
The picture was amazing.

9. Use of
When we refer some particular person or
thing.
Eg-Let us go the club.
When a singular noun is used to indicate
whole class.
Eg-The dog is a faithful animal.
Definite Article
The boy enjoys his own company.
The book is in my bag.

10. Before the names of rivers, seas, oceans,
gulfs, mountain ranges and group of
islands
Newspaper, sacred books
Before directions
Before races or nations
Before superlative degree and Ordinal
Numeral Adjectives

11. Articles

12.  Proper Nouns, as Towns, Countries, Persons,
Peaks, Streets, Days of the week, Month of the
year
 When we use the before proper noun, they
become common nouns-
Eg-Kashmir is the Switzerland of India.
Omission of
No Article

13. Names of material nouns-
Eg- Neither gold nor silver is found here.
Clothes are made of cotton, silk and wool
But we say,
The cotton of Egypt is superior to that of India.
Abstract nouns used in general sense
Eg-Health is better than wealth
Honesty is the best policy.
But we say,
I praise the honesty of this boy.

14. 2. Possessive Adjectives
They show possession or belonging.
They tell ‘whose’ is the thing.

15. 3. Demonstrative Adjectives
 They tell which person or thing is meant.
 This, these, that, those, such, yonder point
out which persons or things are meant.
 They answer the question ‘which?’.

16. 4. Distributive Adjectives
They show that persons or things are taken
one at a time.
Each, every, either, neither etc. are
examples of Distributive Adjective.
Each women carried a basket.
Either pen will do.
Every word of this story is true.

17. 5. Adjectives of Quantity and
Number
 some, any, all, much, many, both, few, each,
every, either, neither, ie, a little, a few, one,
two, first, second, etc.

18. Quantifiers
Can be used with
Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns
Number Quantity
Many Few, A few Much Little, A little
Some
Any
No
None
A lot of
Lots of
He taught us many new things.
He needs lots of sugar.
He showed much patience.

19. Correct Usage
 Little is a negative adjective and means not
much. (i.e hardly any)
Eg- He has little (not much) common sense.
He has little hope of recovery.
 A little is an affirmative adjective and means
some at least. (i.e certain quantity, however
little)
Eg- He gave me a little(some at least) butter.
A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

20.  Few is a negative adjective and means not
many (i.e hardly any)
Eg- Few people in India are rich.
She has read few (not many) books.
 A few is an affirmative adjective and
means some at least. (i.e certain number,
however few)
Eg- He spoke a few(some at least) words.
A few Englishmen can speak Hind correctly.
Correct Usage

21. 6. Interrogative Adjectives
They are used with Nouns to ask questions.
Which way shall he take?
Whose book is this?
Which dress would look good on me?
What food would you like to eat?

22. Presented By-
Ms Swati Hasija