3. Final Assignments Due August 13
1. Personal Philosophy of, and Strategy for Evangelism
2. Persona Philosophy of, and Strategy for Discipleship
3
4. µαθητ
ή
ς mathetes
1. Disciple. An apprentice, a student, who learns from another teacher.
2. Someone who is constantly associated with a teacher, such as an apprentice
3. An adherent to a distinct school of thought taught by a speci
fi
c teacher
Bauer, W., F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt, and F. W. Gingrich, eds. BDAG. 3rd Ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago, 2000.)
5. ִידמְלַתּ talmid
למד L.M.D. verb means “to teach.”
In Early Judaism (300 BC to 200 AD) ִידמְלַתּ meant “a disciple”.
Examples: training (skill), educating (knowledge), adherent to school of thought
Disciples of R. Gamaliel, Disciples of R. Hillel
ְמוּדלַת Talmud (400 AD) rabbinic commentary on the law comes from it
Kaiser, Walter C. Harris, R. Laird, Gleason L. Archer, and Bruce K. Waltke, eds. TWOT. Accordance edition, (Chicago: Moody Press, 1980).
7. Discipleship in Hellenistic World
1. Students in the process of learning
2. Adherents to the teachings of a great teacher
3. Career Followers of a Philosopher
Green, Brown, & Perrin, Dictionary of Jesus & the Gospels. 2nd Ed.; (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2013). “Discipleship”
8. Socrates! I supposed that philosophy should add to one's store of happiness. But the fruits
you reaped from philosophy look more like Anguish! You live a life that would drive a slave to
escape his master! Your meat and drink are pitiful: the cloak you wear is frumpy and you
never change it. You walk barefoot. And you refuse to take any pay…
Professors of other subjects try to make their disciples become like their teachers: If that’s
what you hope your disciples will become, then you are a professor of Misery!
Xenophon, Memorabilia, 1.6.3-4
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Xen.%20Mem.%201.6
9. Disciples of Socrates were those throughout Greece who adhered to his school of thought.
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Xen.%20Mem.%201.6
10. Apollonius of Tyana
15 - 100 AD
philosopher & religious teacher
Traveled throughout Middle East,
North Africa, and Persia
Miracle worker, and mystic
Dzielska, Maria; Stucchi, Sandro, Apollonius of Tyana in Legend and History, (L’ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER, 1986)
11. Religious teachers and mystics
Traveled with their band of disciples, making money from their itinerate preaching.
Disciples were career followers of the teacher and members of their “band”.
14. While walking by the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon (who is called
Peter) and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea, for they were
fi
shermen. 9 And he said to them, “Follow me, and I will make you
fi
shers of
men.” Immediately they left their nets and followed him.
(Matt. 4:18-20 ESV)
14
15. Jesus decided to go to Galilee. He found Philip and said to him, “Follow me.”
Now Philip was from Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter. Philip found
Nathanael and said to him, “We have found him of whom Moses in the Law and
also the prophets wrote, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.” Nathanael said
to him, “Can anything good come out of Nazareth?” Philip said to him, “Come
and see.”
(John 1:43–46 ESV)
15
16. We are always trying to “win” people
• Win the lost to be open to the gospel.
• Win seekers to trust Christ and become believers
• Win new believers to become disciples
• Win disciples to consider full time Christian service
16
17. What are the implications that it is Jesus, not us, who calls Christians to a life of
discipleship?
That it is Jesus, not us, who calls disciples into the ministry?
17
18. Principles of Discipleship in the NT
1. Disciples are called by Jesus
2. Disciples pay a cost to follow Jesus
18
19. Now great crowds accompanied him, and he turned and said to them, “If
anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father and mother and wife
and children and brothers and sisters, yes, and even his own life, he cannot be
my disciple. Whoever does not bear his own cross and come after me cannot
be my disciple. For which of you, desiring to build a tower, does not
fi
rst sit
down and count the cost, whether he has enough to complete it?…So
therefore, any one of you who does not renounce all that he has cannot be my
disciple.
(Luke 14:25–33 ESV)
19
20. What are the implications for us, as we disciple Christians, that there is a cost to
following Jesus?
20
21. Principles of Discipleship in the NT
1. Disciples are called by Jesus
2. Disciples pay a cost to follow Jesus
3. Disciples make new disciples — Principle of Spiritual Multiplication
21
24. What are the implications in discipling Christians that our goal is spiritual multiplication?
25
25. Principles of Discipleship in the NT
1. Disciples are called by Jesus
2. Disciples pay a cost to follow Jesus
3. Disciples make new disciples
4. Disciple-Making is holistic — Heart, Hands, Mind
26
26. A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone when he is fully
trained will be like his teacher.
(Luke 6:40 ESV)
27
27. Disciples of Greek Sophists
• Lived with their teachers
• Lived by their teachers’ philosophy of life
• Made their living from itinerate teaching
28
28. Disciples of Greek Sophists
• Learned — The philosophy & principles of their teacher
• Believed — The religion & ideology of their teacher
• Behaved — Lived, acted, and behaved as their teacher
29
33. Terminology
• Learning Outcomes — Speci
fi
c, measurable, achievable goals
• Tasks — Activities we use to engage disciples in the learning process
• Assessments
34
34. Terminology
• Learning Outcomes — speci
fi
c, measurable, achievable goals
• Tasks — Activities we use to engage disciples in the learning process
• Assessments — How we determine if the disciple achieved the goal
35
49. Principles of Discipleship in the NT
1. Disciples are called by Jesus
2. Disciples pay a cost to follow Jesus
3. Disciples make new disciples
4. Disciple-Making is holistic
5. Disciple-Making is selective — we choose whom we fully invest in
50
50. What you have heard from me in the presence of many witnesses
entrust to faithful men (and women), who will be able to teach others
also.
(2 Tim 2:2 ESV)
51
51. How do you determine the appropriate level of investment?
How do you assess a person’s faithfulness?
52
52. Principles of Discipleship in the NT
1. Disciples are called by Jesus
2. Disciples pay a cost to follow Jesus
3. Disciples make new disciples
4. Disciple-Making is holistic
5. Disciple-Making is selective
6. Disciple-Making is a lifestyle
53
57. Disciple-Making is a Lifestyle
• Whom do you invite into your friend circle?
• How do you bring them along side you in ministry?
• How much time do you spend with them?
• How do you role model for them?
58
59. What boundaries do you set on your personal life?
How do you enforce those boundaries?
60
60. Principles of Discipleship in the NT
1. Disciples are called by Jesus
2. Disciples pay a cost to follow Jesus
3. Disciples make new disciples
4. Disciple-Making is holistic
5. Disciple-Making is selective
6. Disciple-Making is a lifestyle
7. Disciple-Makers assess readiness
61
62. Situational Leadership
High Task — High power distance, instruction,
directions, leader is the decision-maker
High Relationship — Personal involvement,
high investment of time
Low Task — Minimal instruction, follower
empowered to make decisions
Low Relationship — Launch, pull back and
release follower. Low time commitment.
Hersey & Blanchard, Management of Organizational Behavior., (Pearson, 1969)
63. How did Chuck Smith mentor
Lonnie Frisbee and Greg Laurie?
65. Soteriology
A branch of theology that explores the process of salvation
https://www.biblestudytools.com/bible-study/topical-studies/what-is-soteriology-and-why-is-it-essential-for-all-christians-to-know.html
67. Regeneration
Invisible act of God in which he imparts new spiritual life to us. This is
sometimes called being Born Again.
Grudem, Wayne. Systematic Theology (2nd Edition). Accordance electronic edition, version 2.0. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2020: Chapter 34
68. Conversion
Visible response to the gospel call, in which we sincerely repent of our sins
and place our trust in Christ for salvation.
Grudem, Wayne. Systematic Theology (2nd Edition). Accordance electronic edition, version 2.0. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2020: Chapter 35
70. Nicene Creed
I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.
And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all worlds; God
of God, Light of Light, very God of very God; begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father,
by whom all things were made.
Who, for us men for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit of the
virgin Mary, and was made man; and was also cruci
fi
ed for us under Pontius Pilate; He su
ff
ered and was
buried; and the third day He rose again, according to the Scriptures; and ascended into heaven, and sits
on the right hand of the Father; and He shall come again, with glory, to judge the quick and the dead;
whose kingdom shall have no end.
And I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and Giver of Life; who proceeds from the Father and the Son;
who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glori
fi
ed; who spoke by the prophets.
And I believe one holy catholic and apostolic Church. I acknowledge one baptism for the remission of sins;
and I look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.
71
71. How we are saved
• Christ atoned for our sins by dying and rising again 3rd Day
• Grace - We are saved by the free gift of Grace (Christ’s work, not ours)
• Faith - We in some way receive the gift of salvation by believing
72
81. Roman Catholic
• Saved at Baptism
• Sealed with Holy Spirit at Con
fi
rmation
• Absolved of Mortal Sin at Confession
82
82. Sacrament of Confession
• Baptized Christians will go to purgatory for unforgiven “venial sins”
• Baptized Christians will go to hell for unforgiven “mortal sins”
83
83. Sacrament of Confession
• Confession — Confessing sins to the priest, agreeing they are wrong
• Contrition
• Absolution
• Satisfaction
84
84. Sacrament of Confession
• Confession — Confessing sins to the priest
• Contrition — Repentance, heartfelt remorse
• Absolution
• Satisfaction
85
85. Sacrament of Confession
• Confession — Confessing sins to the priest
• Contrition — Repentance, heartfelt remorse
• Absolution — Priest absolves you of your sins and prescribes actions
• Satisfaction
86
86. Sacrament of Confession
• Confession — Confessing sins to the priest
• Contrition — Repentance, heartfelt remorse
• Absolution — Priest absolves you of your sins and prescribes actions
• Satisfaction — Penitent follows prescribed actions to satisfy God’s wrath
87
87. Roman Catholic
• Saved through Baptism
• Sealed through Con
fi
rmation
• Preserved through Confession
• Sancti
fi
ed through Eucharist
88
88. 32 AD
Christ Died for our Sins
2023
Bread & Wine Become
Body & Blood of Christ
2023
We receive Grace
Through literal Body & Blood
Grace transmitted through the host Grace received by us
92. Lutheran & Anglican
Administration of the Sacraments
Sacraments are vehicles of grace
Faith must accompany sacraments
There must be a conversion experience
Salvation is NOT a lifelong process
93
93. What are the implications of Eucharistic Theology for Discipleship?
94
97. Five Articles of Remonstrance
1. Total Depravity
Edwin, Palmar The Five Points of Calvinism. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books. 1996
98. Five Articles of Remonstrance
1. Total Depravity
2. Unconditional Election
Edwin, Palmar The Five Points of Calvinism. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books. 1996
99. Five Articles of Remonstrance
1. Total Depravity
2. Unconditional Election
3. Limited Atonement
Edwin, Palmar The Five Points of Calvinism. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books. 1996
100. Five Articles of Remonstrance
1. Total Depravity
2. Unconditional Election
3. Limited Atonement
4. Irresistible Grace
Edwin, Palmar The Five Points of Calvinism. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books. 1996
101. Five Articles of Remonstrance
1. Total Depravity
2. Unconditional Election
3. Limited Atonement
4. Irresistible Grace
5. Perseverance of the Saints
Edwin, Palmar The Five Points of Calvinism. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books. 1996
109. Wesleyan Theology
1. Election — God can foresee who will be converted
2. Prevenient Grace — Grace restores free will so that we can choose Christ
3. Universal Atonement — Christ died for all people. Anyone can be saved.
4. Conditional Perseverance — Salvation is secured in Christ but conditional on
remaining in Christ & can be lost through apostasy.
Greathouse, William. An introduction to Wesleyan Theology. 1989
110. What are the implications of Wesleyan Theology for Discipleship?
111
113. When [the people] heard [the gospel] they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter,,,
“Brothers, what shall we do?” And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every
one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins
(Acts 2:37–38 ESV)
Trembling with fear [the jailer] fell down before Paul and Silas…and said, “Sirs, what
must I do to be saved?” And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be
saved.
(Acts 16:29–31 ESV).
114
114. A person must be baptized (by immersion) in order to be saved.
Ron Rhodes, The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations, Harvest House Publishers, 2005,
115. Some Churches of Christ
A person must be baptized by a member of the Church of Christ.
Ron Rhodes, The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations, Harvest House Publishers, 2005,
116. Reasoning:
If a true seeker is baptized by someone who was not properly
baptized themselves, then that seeker was baptized by a non-
Christian, therefore the seeker is not yet a true Disciple.
Ron Rhodes, The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations, Harvest House Publishers, 2005,
117. Therefore,
The true church is traced through the Church of Christ, through a
historical succession of Church outcasts back to Jesus.
Ron Rhodes, The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations, Harvest House Publishers, 2005,
118. What are the implications for Discipleship?
Ron Rhodes, The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations, Harvest House Publishers, 2005,
121. What does it mean to qualify a contact?
• How open are they to hearing & considering the gospel?
122
122. What does it mean to qualify a contact?
• How open are they to hearing & considering the gospel?
• What are some of their own beliefs and assumptions?
123
123. What does it mean to qualify a contact?
• How open are they to hearing & considering the gospel?
• What are some of their own beliefs and assumptions?
• How much of the gospel do they know & understand?
124
124. What does it mean to qualify a contact?
• How open are they to hearing & considering the gospel?
• What are some of their own beliefs and assumptions?
• How much of the gospel do they know & understand?
• What challenges or issues do they have in embracing Christ?
125
125. What does it mean to qualify a contact?
• How open are they to hearing & considering the gospel?
• What are some of their own beliefs and assumptions?
• How much of the gospel do they know & understand?
• What challenges or issues do they have in embracing Christ?
• What is their “Religious Identity Status?”
126
136. Emerging Adulthood
The time from the end of adolescence to the young-adult
responsibilities of a stable job, marriage and parenthood
https://www.apa.org/monitor/jun06/emerging
137. Emerging Adulthood
1. Age of identity exploration
2. Age of instability
3. Age of self-focus
4. Age of feeling in between
5. Age of possibilities
144. Identity Diffusion Identity Moratorium
Identity Foreclosure Identity Achievement
Low High
Low
High
Crisis
Commitment
Can’t decide
Doesn’t care
Can’t decide
Does care
Been decided
Didn’t care
Did decide
Did care
😐 🤔
☹ 😋
146. Case Study: Nadia
Nadia is a student at GCU from Jordan. Her family is Muslim. They
sent her to GCU because they wanted her to attend a concservative
school, where she’d not fall in with the wrong crowd. She is studying
home economics. She is engaged to Usama, a businessman in
Phoenix. Her plans are to finish GCU, get her degree, marry Usama,
and have children. Over lunch you asked her if this is what she
wants, she says “It is what I’m supposed to do as a good Muslim.”
147. Case Study: Chu
Chu is from Taiwan and is from a Buddhist family. He is a
barrista at Starbucks. You cant with him every time you visit
the store. He loves coffee. But he also likes to hike, take long
bike trips, meditate, do Yoga, and cook. You asked him what
he believes as a Buddhist. He responded, “I don’t know…
actually, I don’t really care!”
148. Case Study: Rachel
Rachel is a UCLA student. She grew up in Santa Monica, in a
Reform Jewish household. She’s taking Eastern Religion at
UCLA. She attends a meditation class in Santa Monica on
Tuesdays. She is going with her family to the Wilshire Blvd.
Temple for the Jewish high holy days this week. Yesterday,
over coffee, you told her about your church, and she actually
said she’d like to come with you one Sunday.
149. Case Study: Nate
Nate’s father is Roman Catholic, and his mother is Yakima
Indian. Nate is from Seattle. For years, he told people he’s
agnostic. However, in his last two years at U of W, he majored
in Native American studies. His senior project was to interview
his mother’s Yakima family members. He says he now prays,
attends religious events with his family, has a ritual bracelet
around his wrist, and communes with an Eagle spirit.
